Chapter 1 3 GARBAGE BIN WITH AUTOPMATIC ELECTRIC SHREDDER FINALE

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“GARBAGE BIN WITH AUTOMATIC ELECTRIC

SHREDDER”

A Qualitative Research Proposal presented to

The Faculty of College of Engineering Technology,

Technological University of the Philippines Visayas

Castidad, Hugh

Cuberos, Djhzan Vaughn Josh D.

Lor, Jay Ryan D.

Lardera, June Bil E.

Nicoyco, Maximo

Magbanua, Joselito

Juan, Andrea

Mendoza, Charlie

Alcorin, Clarence R.

Belarmino, Neil Bryan

In partial fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Bachelor

of Engineering Technology Major in Electrical Engineering Technology

March 2024
CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

Background of the study

In today's modern society, waste management has become a critical issue due to

the increasing volume of waste generated by households, businesses, and industries.

Traditional waste disposal methods often involve collecting and transporting solid waste

to landfills, which can lead to environmental pollution, resource depletion, and public

health hazards. To address these challenges, there is a growing demand for innovative

waste management solutions that prioritize waste reduction, recycling, and sustainable

practices. One promising technology that has emerged is the garbage bin with an

automatic electric shredder. The concept of integrating an electric shredder into a garbage

bin aims to revolutionize waste management by providing a convenient and efficient way

to process and reduce the volume of solid waste directly at the source. This technology

allows users to dispose of various types of waste, including paper, cardboard, plastic, and

organic materials, which are then automatically shredded into smaller pieces inside the

bin.

Due to The growing global concern about environmental sustainability and trash

management has prompted the development of solutions to solve the problems posed by

rising garbage volumes. This innovation has the potential to optimize waste collection

processes, reduce the frequency of waste transportation, and reduce the burden on landfill

sites. Furthermore, it can contribute to a more sustainable and environmentally friendly


waste disposal system, addressing the growing concerns related to waste generation and

management.

The key advantages of this invention lie in its ability to optimize waste disposal

through automation. The high-torque electric motor and intelligent sensor system ensure

a timely and effective shredding process, reducing the need for frequent manual

interventions. This results in improved operational efficiency for waste management

services and creates a cleaner, more aesthetically pleasing urban environment.

Furthermore, the incorporation of safety features, such as obstruction detection and

emergency shutdown mechanisms, ensures the secure and reliable operation of the

automated electric shredder, addressing concerns related to user safety.Beyond its

practical applications, the Automated Electric Shredder-Integrated Garbage Bin

contributes to sustainability goals by promoting more eco-friendly waste reduction

practices.

By harnessing cutting-edge technology to manage waste within the bin itself, the

invention reduces the environmental impact associated with conventional waste disposal

methods. With its potential to revolutionize waste management practices in various

settings, from city centers to public spaces, this invention holds promise for creating a

more efficient, cleaner, and environmentally conscious future.

Overall, the integration of an electric shredder into a garbage bin represents a

promising innovation in waste management technology, offering a practical solution for

reducing waste volume, promoting recycling, and enhancing environmental sustainability.

Through further research and development, this technology has the potential to

revolutionize the way we manage solid waste and contribute to a cleaner, greener future.
Objectives of the study

General Objectives

This study aims to design and developed an Garbage Bin with Automatic Electric

Shredder, a project that will help the people to revolutionize waste management practices

by providing an efficient, convenient, and sustainable solution for processing solid waste

directly at the source. This study also help to reduce the volume of solid waste generated

by households, businesses, and industries by shredding waste materials into smaller

pieces, thereby optimizing waste storage capacity and minimizing the frequency of waste

collection trips. To test the functionality of the prototype in terms of:

Specific Objectives

The specific objectives of the project are the following: to design and fabricate a

Garbage Bin with Automatic Electric Shredder, to test of the functionality of the

prototype in terms of:

a) Load capacity

b) Average run-time

c) Power consumption

d) Shredding efficiency

e) Conduct acceptability study

f) Formulates user’s manual

Significance of the study

This will be able to contribute research-based data and knowledge about the

possible effect of Garbage Bin with Automatic Electric Shredder in the livelihood of the
garbage collector and also to the people. Someday it will help the society in a way of

informing those who are related in this study.

This study will be beneficial to the following:

Garbage collector - they can use this Garbage Bin with Automatic Electric Shredder to

revolutionize waste management practices by providing an efficient, convenient, and

sustainable solution for processing solid waste directly at the source

Consumers - they can use this Garbage Bin with Automatic Electric Shredder to allows

users to dispose of various types of waste, including paper, cardboard, plastic, and

organic materials, which are then automatically shredded into smaller pieces inside the

bin.

Researchers - they can use this Garbage Bin with Automatic Electric Shredder to as

related studies in their research.

Scope and Limitation of the Study

This study focus on the design, development of the garbage bin with automatic

electric shredder is designed to process various types of solid waste, including paper,

cardboard, plastic, and organic materials. The primary function of the shredder is to

reduce the volume of waste materials, thereby optimizing waste storage capacity and

minimizing the frequency of waste collection trips. The system offers a convenient and

user-friendly way for disposing of waste directly into the bin, eliminating the need for

separate shredding equipment or additional processing steps. By promoting waste

reduction and recycling, the system contributes to environmental sustainability efforts by

conserving natural resources and reducing landfill waste. The garbage bin with automatic

electric shredder is designed to be compatible with various waste


management practices, including recycling and composting.

The capacity of the garbage bin may be limited, requiring frequent emptying in

high-volume waste generation settings. Maintenance: Regular maintenance of the

shredder components is necessary to ensure optimal performance and prevent

breakdowns. Energy Consumption: The operation of the automatic electric shredder may

consume electricity, adding to operational costs and environmental impact. Noise Level:

The shredding process may generate noise, which could be a concern in residential areas

or noise-sensitive environments. Waste Compatibility: While the system is designed to

process various types of waste, certain materials may be unsuitable for shredding, such as

hazardous or bulky items. Initial Investment: Implementing the garbage bin with

automatic electric shredder may require an initial investment in equipment and

installation, which could be a barrier for some users. Regulatory Compliance:

Compliance with local regulations and standards related to waste management and

electrical safety is necessary to ensure legal operation of the system. User Training:

Adequate training and education may be required for users to operate the system safely

and effectively, particularly in commercial or industrial settings. Market Acceptance: The

acceptance and adoption of the garbage bin with automatic electric shredder may vary

depending on factors such as cost, convenience, and cultural attitudes towards waste

management practices.
CHAPTER II

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

This chapter discusses the related literature relevant to the development of the design,

explains the concept behind principles discussed in the study, analyzes presented findings

to outline courses of preferred approach, and scientific terms are defined to facilitate the

understanding of the study.

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

Shredder with automatic cleanup function

The invention presents a new shredder with an automatic cleanup feature.It

includes a paper scrap storage chamber with an automatic cleanup device.The cleanup

device consists of a one-chip microcomputer, a signal switch, and a cleaner connected in

a loop. The cleaner has an electric crane and a vertical baffle plate for pushing paper

scraps. The electric crane and the baffle plate work together to move paper scraps from

the storage chamber to a refuse bag at the end of a short-tube. This design addresses the

issue of limited paper scrap storage space in existing shredders. The automatic cleanup

device operates at set intervals to prevent paper scraps from overflowing. Overall, the

shredder is easy to use and highly practical, providing an effective solution to the

problem of limited storage space.

(https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search/family/056335579/publication/CN10575

0046A?q=CN105750046A)
Electronic intelligent garbage bin

The electronic intelligent garbage bin features a dustbin body, internal garbage

holding, a bottom-mounted actuating mechanism, symmetrical dust catchers on the sides,

and a drive control system powered by a driving motor with four wheels. Additionally, a

battery case for the driving motor is installed in the front end of the dustbin body, and a

sensor for collecting environmental information is connected to the drive control system.

These elements enable the garbage bin to achieve a self-cleaning function, allowing for

automatic cleaning and depositing of rubbish after operation.

(https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search/family/055478113/publication/CN20508

7405U?q=CN205087405U)

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

On the basis of the foregoing concepts, theories, and findings or related literature,

studies presented, and insights taken from them a conceptual model is developed as

shown below;

INPUT PROCESS
Knowledge Requirement  DESIGNING
 Sensor  FABRICATING
 Electrical  TESTING
Components OUTCOME
 Gearing System

Hardware Requirement
 Fabricated Frame
 DC Motor
 Battery OUTPUT
 Electrical Wiring GARBAGE BIN
 Mechanical WITH AUTOMATIC
Assembly ELECTRIC
 Materials and SHREDDER
Components
INPUT

The input phase constitutes the knowledge requirements and hardware

requirements. Prior familiarity with the project, electrical components, gearing system

and it’s sensor is important for project planning. To construct the project, hardware

knowledge of electrical wiring, fabrication, DC motors, and material and component

usage is required.

PROCESS

The process phase includes the design, fabrication, and testing of the prototype. It

details the procedure for creating the prototype and how it will be assembled. It also

details the many tests that the prototype will go through to ensure that the device

functions as intended.

OUTCOME

The output phase is the Garbage Bin with Automatic Electric Shredder. A project

that makes easier for materials to be separated during the shredding process, the

automated system not only lowers the total amount of waste produced but also

encourages recycling.

Definition of Terms

Shredder blade - is mainly used in recycling processing for shredding and crushing

metals, such as electronic scrap, recycling plastic and rubber lumps, tyre, PS, PP, PA, PE,

PVC, large plastic pipes, waste paper and film, and sheet material.
Drive Gears - are used to transmit power to a driven piece of machinery and to change or

modify the power that is transmitted. Modifications include reducing speed and

increasing output torque, increasing speed, changing the direction of shaft rotation, or

changing the angle of shaft operation.

DC Motor - A DC motor is an electrical motor that uses direct current (DC) to produce

mechanical force. The most common types rely on magnetic forces produced by currents

in the coils. Nearly all types of DC motors have some internal mechanism, either electro

mechanical or electronic, to periodically change the direction of current in part of the

motor.

Micro controller - is a compact integrated circuit designed to govern a specific operation

in an embedded system. A typical micro controller includes a processor, memory and

input/output (I/O) peripherals on a single chip.


CHAPTER III

METHODOLOGY

This chapter presents the course of development of the research project. Project

Design, Project Development, Fabrication and Construction Process, and Operation and

Testing Procedure are included in this chapter. It also provides the necessary diagram and

illustrations for the assembly of the prototype.

Research Design

A quantitative research method, specifically the experimental research

design, shall be employed in this study. The primary purpose is to optimize waste

collection processes, reduce the frequency of waste transportation, and reduce the burden

on landfill sites. Furthermore, it can contribute to a more sustainable and environmentally

friendly waste disposal system, addressing the growing concerns related to waste

generation and management.

Figure 1. Structure Model of Garbage Bin with Automatic Electric Shredder


The illustration above, shows the structure model of the device named Garbage

Bin with Automatic Electric Shredder, which represents the project design of our device,

and to easily locate the locations of every component of the device.

INPUT BLOCK PROCESS BLOCK

ULTRAVIOLET
SENSOR MICRO CONTROLLER
V

SHREDDER
BLADES DRIVE GEARS

LIQUID CRYSTAL DC MOTOR


DISPLAY

12V DC BATTERY

BATTERY CHARGER

SOURCE BLOCK

Figure 2. Block Diagram 0f Garbage Bin with Automatic Electric Shredder


Input Block

The input block is composed of Ultraviolet sensor, Shredder blades, and Liquid

Crystal Display (LCD). The Ultraviolet sensor will be energized by the micro controller

device which is energized by the 12v battery, it is configured to detect object and transmit

signal to micro controller. The shredder blades is configured to shred the wastes powered

by the drive gears. The LCD will be energized by the micro controller which is also

powered by the motor and 12v battery, it is configured to indicate the battery’s

percentage.

Process Block

The process block is composed of Micro controller, Drive gears, and DC motor.

The micro controller device is configured to decode the different information provided by

the input elements. The drive gears are configured to transmit rotational motion to the

plurality of shredder blades. Dc motor is configured power to the drive gears so that it

can operate.

Source Block

The source block is compose of 12v DC battery and Battery Charger. The 12v

DC battery will serve as the main power source of electricity of the device. The battery

charger is to provide assistance to the battery whenever it is in low battery state and

charge it.
Parts and Materials

The electronic and mechanical components needed to establish all the required

objectives stated for this study.

Parts/ Materials Function

Ultraviolet Sensor Detects wastes going to the prototype for

the operation of shredding.

Liquid Crystal Display For battery percentage indication.

Shredder Blades For enable efficient processing of scrap

metal, plastics, and other materials, making

them easier to transport, store, and reuse.

Metal plates For the prototype’s base assembly and

parts.

12V DC battery For the main power supply of the prototype

Drive Gears Transmit rotational motion to the shredder

blades.

DC motor The prime mover of the prototype. To

provide power to the drive gears so that it

can operate efficiently.

Micro controller Act as the mastermind of operation of the

prototype. It encodes data from the input

components.

Table 1. Parts and Materials


Tools and Equipment

Tool and equipment needed to assemble the electrical and electronic components

of the device.

Tools and Equipment Function

Drill It is used to make holes for the enclosure of

the device

Hacksaw It is used to cut the metals parts with

specific measurements for the device.

Multi-Tester It is used to measure the voltage, current,

and the continuity of the electrical parts of

the device.

Flat Screwdriver It is used to loosen and tighten the flat-

headed screws.

Philip Screwdriver It is used to loosen and tighten the cross-

headed screws.

Combination pliers It is used to cut and strip wires.

Welding machine For putting the metal pieces together.

Welding Rod To sustain the welding arc and to provide

the filler required for the joint to be

welded.

Table 2. Tools and Equipment


Fabrication and Construction Process

The following are the step-by-step procedure conducted during the fabrication of

the project device.

1. Enclosure Fabrication

a. Design an enclosure that can hold all the electronic and electrical components.

b. Cut 14x8 Metal sheets into four (4) pieces with a length of 14 inches and width

of 8 inches. And cut two (2) metal plates with a dimension of 8x8, 8 inches width

and 8 inches length.

c. Connect the plates into a rectangular shaped enclosure with a dimension of 14x

8 using a welding machine but leave the top plate open for it will serve as the

cover with hinges.

2. Base Assembly

a. Design the base assembly for the whole prototype

b. Cut 110x28 Metal sheets into three (3) pieces in inches and cut 28x28 metal

sheets into 2 pieces also in inches.

c. Weld all the metal sheets to form a rectangular structure but make the top cover

empty.

d. Cut 2 metal sheets into a semi-circle with a dimension of 1,231 in² (28 inches

in diameter then solve for area of semi-circle using the formula 1/2 (IIr² ))

e. Cut a 110x30 metal sheet into one (1) piece and weld it together with the 2

semi-circles to form a cover plate of the prototype.

f. Put the shredder blade inside the compartment with its designated position.
3. Testing and Electrical wiring

a. Make sure all the necessary connections are in place before wiring the main

controller to the power supply.

b. Connect all the mechanical parts to its corresponding source block and check

for smooth operation by testing the shredder blades, drive gear, drive belt and

making adjustments in the settings.

c. Connect the sensor circuitry to the micro controller and make adjustments if

there is inaccuracy in the data.

4. Complete Assembly and Testing

a. Carefully arrange the electronic enclosure inside the base enclosure and also

put the battery enclosure at the back end and double check all wiring for safety

precautions.

b. Perform a final test and record the data if its accurate or not and make subtle

modifications if needed.

c. Test the battery’s total run-time to check if the battery is in good condition or

not.

Cost Analysis

Estimated costs for the electrical and electronic components need to establish the

prototype and the materials needed to make the enclosure for the device.

Description Qty. Unit cost

Micro controller 1 1,000 pesos

DC motor 1 1,500 pesos


Ultraviolet sensor 1 350 pesos

12v DC battery 1 400 pesos

Shredder blades 4 3,500 pesos

LCD 1 250 pesos

Metal Sheet 1 2,700 pesos

( 0.5in thick, 2m x 2m)

Drive belt 2 675 pesos

Drive gear 2 2,300 pesos

Welding Rod 1 pack 250 pesos

TOTAL 12,925 pesos

Table 3. Cost analysis

27% of the over-all output came from the electrical and electronic components of

the device needed in order to complete the whole prototype acquiring the 60% of the total

outcome. Following 33% came from the mechanical aspects of the device and the

remaining 40% is exerted to the labor force needed to finish the structure including

welding, coding, cutting, drilling and assembling of the parts for the enclosure. To sum it

up, the over-all output requires 100% of different electrical, electronic components, tools

and equipment, mechanical components and labor.

Operation and Testing Procedure

This section is consisting operation and device testing procedure wherein the

researcher used to analyze the project. And to develop and design a user manual for the

consumers to learn about the device’s working operations.


GANTT CHART

WEEK WEEK WEEK WEEK WEEK WEEK WEEK WEEK WEEK WEEK

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Planning

Prototype testing

and manuscript

Patent search

and gantt chart

Prototype testing

Prototype

finalization

Experimentation

and data gathering

Revision of

manuscript

Preparation for

final defense

Final defense

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