CONCEPTS OF BASIC MATHEMATICS

AND
APPLIED PETROLEUM MATHEMATICS
 CONCEPTS OF BASIC MATHEMATICS
AND APPLIED PETROLEUM
MATHEMATICS
First Edition, Revised August 2018

Well Control School (WCS) expresses thanks to all companies and individuals contributing to this textbook.
Material contained herein are based on the best sources of knowledge available to the authors.

WCS does not warrant or guarantee any procedures or information presented in this textbook. By the very
nature of the oil industry, procedures, equipment, standards and practices vary widely. It is not the intent of
WCS to endorse policies and procedures but rather to communicate to readers generally accepted practices
used through the oil and gas industry.

© 2013 by Well Control School

All rights reserved.

Well Control School

16770 Imperial Valley Drive, Suite 290
Houston, TX 77060
Phone: 713.849.7400
Fax: 713.849.7474
E-mail: [email protected]
Website: www.wellcontrol.com

1
WCS MAN-007 REVISION 2 AUGUST 2018
 Introduction
This text is intended to familiarize you with basic mathematics used in the petroleum industry
today. Used properly, it can increase your understanding of various procedures used in operations
common to most rig sites.

At the end of each chapter you will find exercises to familiarize you with formulas, charts, and
tables used on the rig or in the fiel . The calculator used in this text is a Texas Instrument TI-
1795+.

This book is divided into two (2) parts. Part 1 covers basic math concepts — addition, subtraction,
multiplication, division, decimal fractions, percentages, and square root functions. Part 2 is
comprised of oilfield calcul tions.

At the end of the Part 1 is a short math review. Additional sections of this book include an answer
key, student review, charts, tables, and formulas.

Objectives
The objective of this book is to impart an understanding of basic number relationships to the
learner.

This math course is designed to give newly hired employees

renewed confidence in their mathematical and reasoning
skills so that they can perform the required routine oilfield
calculations over the course of their work in the industry.

goals
At the completion of this book, the student will:

1. Feel confide t about performing routine oilfield calcul tions.

2. Have a better understanding of certain oilfield ope ations.

3. Have the necessary skills to solve some of the practical problems encountered in day-to-
day oilfield ope ations.

3
 Concepts of Basic Mathematics

Figure 1. CTU Truck

Figure 2. Oil Pump

Figures 2 and 3.
Pumping Unit and
Workover Rig

Figure 3. Pumping Unit Figure 4. Workover Rig

4
 table of contents
Introduction 3
Concepts of Basic Mathematics:
How to Use a Calculator 7
Polynominals 9
Addition 10
Subtraction 12
Multiplication 14
Division 17
Decimal Fractions 20
Percentages 24
Powers and Roots 28
Force, Pressure, and Area 31
Rectangular Tanks 32
Cylinders 33
Capacities and Volumes - Formulas 36
I.D., O.D. and Annular Space 37
Capacity Exercises 38
Pump Output and Displacement 39
Volume and Stroke 41
Fluid Gradient and Hydrostatic Pressure 48
Basic Math Review Exercises 51
Concepts of Basic Mathematics Answer Key 55
Applied Petroleum Mathematics:
Pumps and Pressure - An Overview 63
Maximum Allowable Mud Weight 64
Bottomhole Pressure and Kill Mud Weight 67
Influx Density and Type 73
Estimated Barite Requirements 76
Shut-In Well Illustrations 78
Student Rig Exercises:
Conversions 80
Capacity of Open Hole and Rule of Thumb 82
Drill Pipe 83
Hevi-Wate Drill Pipe 84
Spiral Drill Collar Displacement 84
I.D. and O.D. Conversion Charts 85
Mud Weight Adjustments 85
Duplex Pump @ 100% Efficiency 86
Triplex Pump @ 100% Efficiency 86
API Tubing 87
Premium Connection Tubing 88
Coiled Tubing 89
Electric Line 90
5
 table of contents
Field Units to Metric Conversion 91
Metric to Field Units Conversion 91
Formulas and Calculations 91
Bullhead, Kick Sheet and Kill Sheet 92
Pump Exercises 93
Tables and Charts
Capacity of Open Hole and Rules of Thumb 96
Drill Pipe 97
Hevi-Wate Drill Pipe 97
Spiral Drill Collar Displacement 98
Drill Collars 98
I.D. and O.D. Conversion Charts 99
Mud Weight Adjustments 100
Duplex Pumps 100
Triplex Pumps 101
API Tubing 102
API Tubing and Premium Connection Tubing 103
Premium Connection Tubing 104
Coiled Tubing 105
Coiled Tubing Free Point 107
Coiled Tubing Stretch Point 107
Nitrogen Tables 108
Electric Line 109
Conversion Charts:
Field Units to Metric / Metric to Field Units 110
Formulas & Calculations 1 111
Formulas & Calculations 2 112
Formulas & Calculations 3 113
Kick Information / Wait & Weight / Subsea 114
Bullhead Worksheet / Bullhead Kill Sheet 115
Pump #1 116
Pump #2 118
Pump #3 120
Applied Petroleum Mathematics Answer Key 122

6
 How To Use A Calculator
All of the calculations in this book are performed using Texas Instruments T1-1795+. An
explanation of the key pad functions is provided in the illustration below.

8-Digit
Display

Solar Panel

Multiplication
Square Root Division

Percent Memory Recall

Change Memory Minus

On/Clear Memory Plus

Decimal Equal Addition

Subtraction

Red denotes mathematical function keys Black denotes calculator function keys

Figure 5. Texas Instruments TI-1795+ Calculator

7
 How To Use A Calculator
The basic arithmetic functions of a calculator be squared are generally written like this:
are addition, subtraction, multiplication, and
2 ;—— 3 ; —— 8 .
2 2 2
division. As well as basic math, calculators used
today have replaced the old slide rule to do To square a number using a calculator, take the
complex calculations. following steps:
Key pad familiarization is an essential element 1. Key the number into the display.
to make calculations easily and quickly. 2. Key the times (×) function.
Learning the key commands and working the 3. Press the equal (=) key.
keypad will help you to learn to key in numbers
without looking at your calculator. Calculator key sequence:
The Plus/Minus symbol (+/-) function key is (Your answer will be in the calculator’s display.)
used to convert a number in the display from Example 3
a negative number to a positive number or a 4 ×
positive number to a negative number.
Memory keys (M+, M-) either add or subtract
Percentage (%) calculations are made by the displayed number into the memory register.
using the Percent symbol (%) function key. For The memory recall button (MR) returns the
example, to find 20% of $100, one would need information to the display readout. Using the
to do the following steps in the order listed memory recall button twice clears the memory
below: of all input.
1. Key in the number 100 into the display
of the calculator Repetitive calculations may be made by keying
2. Key in the multiply or Times (×) function a number, an Operator (+,-,×,÷) and repetitive
key followed by the number 20 and the equals (=). For example:
percent (%) function key
3. The correct percentage will appear in 35+35=70=105=140=175
the display. or
35-5=30=25=20=15
Calculator key sequence:
Example 4
Example 1
35 + 35 = 70 =
$100 × 20 %
Calculator key sequence:
Example 2 Operations in which the result is determined
by the use of the equal key do not require
623 × 34 % the calculator to be cleared before the next
Squaring numbers is simply multiplying the operation is introduced. The calculator
number times itself. For example 2 squared is recognizes the equal key as the end of the
4, 3 squared is 9, and so on. Numbers that are to operation.

8
 Polynominals
Polynominals are math problems with more Purple Elephants March Down A Street.
than one operand. Generally, these problems
will have the part to be done first in either Purple = Parenthesis
parenthesis, brackets, or both. Elephants = Exponents
One way to remember the order to solve more March = Multiply
complex problems is a mnemonic statement Down = Divide
like the one to the right:
A = Add
Street = Subtract
Knowing the operation to perform first in an equation is very important in order to arrive at the
correct answer.

Example 1 - INCORRECT Example 2 - CORRECT

3×6+9 [(3 × 6) + 9]
3 3

Working only from left to right: Here, the equation instructs

3 × 6 = 18 us to per form the calculation
18 ÷ 3 = 6 in the parenthesis first:
6 + 9 = 15 First, parenthesis: 3 × 6 = 18
Then, brackets: 18 + 9 = 27
Last, division: 27 ÷ 3 = 9

We can see from the above examples that Calculator key sequence:
following the correct order sequence is
important in getting the answer to the
problem. Example 3

When using a calculator to perform 3 X 6 = +

calculations, it is always best to key the
“Equal” symbol before the next part of the
equation because all calculators do not 9 = ÷ 3 =
function in the same manner.

Answer

9
Addition
Addition is the process of uniting two or Exercises
more numbers or groups of objects of the bbl.
1. 35 bbl. + 17 bbl. =
same kind. The number obtained by adding
is called the sum. The plus symbol (+) is the
sign of addition and is called a plus sign.
2. 153 in. + 299 in. = in.
Example 1

1,250 + (plus sign) 25 = 1,275

3. $32 + $79 + $45 = $
It is important to remember that only like
items can be added. For example, it is not
possible to add 5 dollars and 3 bolts, or to 4. 143 + 332 + 89 =
add 6 pounds and 90 gallons.

Calculator key sequence:

5. $44 + $55 = $
Example 2

1,250 + 25 = 1,275
6. 249 + 340 + 660 =

It is important to note that you should

include units of measure, such as ft., bbl., 7. 58,496 + 358 =
lbs., and psi. when providing answers.

Example 3
8. 90 + 90 + 89 + 91 + 91 =
Sum

18 + 7 = 25 9. 7 + 18 + 23 + 65 + 299 =

10. 36,145 + 1,580 =

11. A 30-foot joint of pipe is added to a double.

The length of the double is 61 feet. What is
the new length of the stand?

ft.

10
 Addition
12. The well is 5,487 ft. before we drill the
40-foot Kelly down. What is the depth of
the well now with the Kelly added?
ft.

13. The following are used for a dinner at the

Petroleum Club: 18 trout, 25 redfish, 13
flounder, and 52 salmon. How many total
fish will be served?
fish

14. Bill makes $450 a week on his regular job,

$150 a week on his second job, and $100
per item when he welds for a client. He
has welded 3 items this week. How much
money, in total, did Bill make this week?

15. A tank holds 33,000 gallons of water. The

hold currently has 7,345 gallons in it. The
tanker will make a stop and take in another
5,467 gallons. How many gallons will the
tanker have on board?

gal.

11
Subtraction
Subtraction is the process of taking one number Exercises
away from another number. The number that is 1. 35 - 17 =
subtracted is called the subtrahend. The number
from which it is taken is called the minuend. The
number that represents the result of the process
of subtraction is called the remainder. 2. 299 - 153 =

The minus symbol (-) is the sign of subtraction

and is called a minus sign.
3. 3,291 - 1,569 =
Example 1

20 - (minus sign) 10 = 10
4. $79 - $32 = $
As in addition, it is important to remember that
only like items can be subtracted. For example, it
is not possible to subtract 3 dollars from 5 bolts,
or to subtract 6 pounds of nails from 90 gallons.
5. 335 - 45 =
The calculator key sequence:

Example 2
6. 660 - 249 - 340 =
20 - 10 =

Example 3
7. 90 ft. - 30 ft. = ft.

Minuend Subtrahend Remainder

20 - 10 = 10 8. 91 ft. - 30 ft. = ft.

9. A well is 5,487 feet deep, and we trip 1,191

feet of pipe out of the well. How much
pipe is still in the hole?
Example 4 ft.

$17 - $8 =
10. I want to buy a house for $76,000. I have
$17,324 saved. How much will I have to
finan e in order to buy the house?
$

12
 Subtraction
11. I want to buy a used car for $1,500. I have
saved $437. How much more money do I
need to save before I can buy the car?

12. Subtract 74,256 from 100,235.

13. Subtract 2,471 from 7,215.

14. Subtract 146 from 320.

13
Multiplication
Multiplication is similar to addition. The Exercises
process of multiplication provides a means 1. 156 × 321 =
of finding the sum of a number added to
itself a given number of times. The number
that is multiplied or increased is called the
multiplicand. The multiplier is the number 2. 32 × 49 × 79 =
by which the multiplicand is increased. The
result of the multiplication is called the
product.
3. 133 × 89 × 132 =
The symbol for multiplication is (×) and is
called the times sign.

Example 1 4. 236 × 4 × 9 =
25 × (times) 7 = 175

Example 2 5. There are 70 stands of drill pipe in the derrick.

If each stand is 90 feet in length, how many
feet of drill pipe are in the derrick?
Multiplicand Multiplier Product

25 × 7 = 175
ft.

6. 30 joints of 40-foot casing is equal to:

feet of casing

7. A movie ticket is $7. How much will it cost to

Example 3 buy 12 tickets?

$
Multiplicand Multiplier Product

7 × 25 = 175 8. I have 65 bolts but I need 5 times this

number. What is the total amount of bolts
that I need?

bolts

Calculator key sequence: 9. I have 6 pieces of pipe that are 12 feet each.
If I put them together, how long will the total
Example 4
pipe length be?
232 × 3 = ft.

14
 Multiplication
Exercises (continued)
10. There are 125 stands of drill pipe in the
derrick. If each stand is 90 feet long, how
many feet of drill pipe are in the derrick?

ft.

11. Thirty-three joints of forty-foot casing is

equal to:
feet of casing

12. Twenty-four joints of forty-foot casing is

equal to:
feet of casing

13. Tickets to see the Tulane and LSU game

are $172 each for press box seats. I need 4
tickets. How much will the tickets costs?

14. I have 6 pieces of pieces of pipe that are

12 feet each. I want to build a grape arbor
using the pipe, but the plans call for 115
feet of total pipe. How many more feet of
pipe do I need to complete my project?
ft.

15. There are 63 stands of drill pipe in the

derrick. If each stand is 93 feet long, how
many feet of drill pipe are in the derrick?

ft.

16. We are drilling at a controlled rate of 25

ft./hr. How many feet of hole will we make
during my twelve-hour tour?

ft.

15
Multiplication
17. During each twelve-hour shift, we drill
approximately 700 feet. What is the depth
of the hole by the end of the crew’s seven-
day hitch while drilling 24 hours per day?

ft.

18. The mud pit has 6 barrels per inch. If the

pit increases 3 inches, how much fluid is
gained?

bbl.

16
 Division
Division is the reverse of multiplication. It is Division can be written three ways. The first two
the method of finding how many times one are the “divided by” sign (÷) in Example 3, and
number is contained in another number. The a bar (-) between two numbers in Example 4.
number that is divided is called the dividend.
The divisor is the number that does the A diagonal slash can also be used to indicate
dividing. The result of division is called the division. Common fractions are simply the
quotient. division of numbers less than one but greater
than zero.
The symbol for division is (÷) and is spoken
“divided by”. When the division sign appears Example 5
between two numbers it indicates that the first
number is to be divided by the second number. divided by

6/3=2
Example 1

6 ÷ (divided by) 3 = 2
Dividend Divisor Quotient
Calculator key sequence:

Example 2

6 ÷ 3 = Example 6

6
Example 3

3 ∴ (symbol for “therefore”)

6 over 3
6 ÷ (divided by) 3

÷
Dividend Divisor Quotient 6/3

6 3 = 2 All say the same thing!

The quotient
or
whole number
2.
Example 4

Dividend
6 Quotient

Divisor
3 = 2
17
Division
Exercises
1. My driller sold me his old pickup truck.
I owe him a total of $5,625 and I am
supposed to pay $375 a month. How
many months will it take me to pay him
back for the truck?
mo.

2. If we trip 40 stands per hour (each stand is

90 feet), how many hours will it take to trip
out of a well that is 14,400 feet MD?
hrs.

3. The lunch bill is $65 for 5 people. If we

split the bill, how much do we each have
to pay?
$

4. I loaned Bob $1,300. He will repay the loan

in 20 weekly payments. How much will
he have to give me each week from his
paycheck?
$

5. If the mud pit has a capacity of 369 barrels

and is full at a depth of 9 feet, how many
barrels does each foot contain?

bbl.

6. 246 ÷ (36 ÷ 6) =

7. 58,496 ÷ 8 =

8. 1,350 ft. ÷ 30 =
18
 Division
9. How long would it take to drive 360 miles if
you drive at an average speed of 40 mph?
hrs.

10. My mortgage is $216,000. How many years

will it take me to pay it off if my monthly
payment is $600?
yrs.

11. I am buying a new car that costs $12,000. I

will pay $300 per month. How many months
will it take to pay off he car?
mo.

12. $1,100 ÷ $50 = $

13. 12, 940 ÷ 8 =

14. 864 ÷ 2 =

15. 5,680 feet / 4 = ft.

16. The hardware store has 58 hammers in

stock. The total value of the hammers is
$870. What is the sale price of each hammer?

19
Decimal Fractions
A fraction denotes a value less than a whole unit and may be expressed as one value divided
by another, or as a decimal fraction. Common fractions are written as one number over another
separated by a horizontal or slanted line. The number above the line is the numerator, and the
number below the line is the denominator. For example:
Example 1 Numerator or Numerator/Denominator
Denominator
3 or 3/4
4

The mathematical instruction is to divide the denominator (below the line) into the numerator
(above the line). When this is done on a calculator, the result is a decimal fraction that is displayed
to the right of a “dot” ( . ) called a decimal point. It is much easier to work with decimal fractions
than common fractions, and hand-held calculators make the conversion simple. To convert any
common fraction to its decimal equivalent, divide the numerator by the denominator. For example:

Example 2 Convert 5/8 to its decimal equivalent.

The calculator entry is 5 ÷ 8 = 0.625

A mixed number is a whole number plus a fraction. To convert a mixed number to a decimal, divide
the numerator of the fraction by the denominator and then add the whole number. For example:

Convert 10 3/8 to its decimal equivalent. Divide 3 by 8 and get the decimal 0.375, then add 10.

Example 3 The calculator entry is 3 ÷ 8 = 0.375 + 10 = 10.375

This is the power of zero. By moving the decimal point within a number, we can multiply or divide
by ten (or multiples of ten).
Example 4 1.0 – 10.0 – 100.0 – 1000.0
Base 10
– 10,000.0 – 100,000.0 – 1,000,000.0
For example: Divide 3 by 10. By moving the imaginary
Multiply 3 by 10. By moving the imaginary decimal decimal point after the 3 one space to the left,
point after the 3 one space to the right, you get 30. you get 0.3 or 3/10.
Example 5 Example 6
3 × 10 = 30 3 ÷ 10 = 0.30
3.0 × 10.0 = 30.0 3.0 ÷ 10.0 = 0.3
decimal point moved decimal point moved
1 space to the right 1 space to the left

Note: When speaking, we usually read 0.3 as “point 3” or “zero point 3”. When writing the decimal fraction, 0.3, we have placed a zero to the
left of the decimal point as a marker only. This is good practice since misplacing the decimal point can cause significa t errors when we calculate.

20
 Decimal Fractions
Using Decimal Fractions If a decimal point appears in the divisor, the point
Decimal fractions are much easier to manipulate is moved to the right in order to make the divisor
than common fractions. Decimal fractions are appear as a whole number. Then the point in the
treated exactly as if they were whole numbers. dividend is moved to the right the same number
The only thing that we have to be especially of places. In the example above, if the divisor had
careful about is the placement of the decimal been 2.5 it would have changed to 25 and the
point. quotient would become 49.04.

When adding or subtracting decimal fractions Happily, when we use a calculator, we don’t
by hand we must keep the decimal points need these rules. Decimal fractions are entered
lined up under one another and in the answer. into the calculator and used in the same way as
whole numbers. We simply must be careful that
Example 7
we enter the decimal point correctly.
25.2 25.2
3.0 - 14.6 Common fractions are changed into decimal
+134.8 10.6 fractions by dividing the denominator into the
numerator. One half becomes 0.5 by dividing 2
163.0 into 1. 3/8 becomes 0.375, that is, 3 ÷ 8.

When we multiply decimal fractions by hand Calculator key sequence:

we count the total places to the right of the
decimal point in both the multiplier and the Example 10
multiplicand and appoint that many places in
the product. 1/2 = 1 ÷ 2 =
Example 8

Example 11
60.04 × .25 gives 4 places to the right.
The answer is 15.01.
3/8 = 3 ÷ 8 =

When dividing by hand, the decimal point

Example 12
in the quotient is placed directly above the
decimal point in the dividend if there is no
decimal in the divisor. 12/24 = 12 ÷ 24 =

Example 9 Example 13

_______________
4.904
5/1 = 5 ÷ 1 =
25. ) 122.6

21
Decimal Fractions
Exercises
Addition

1. 875.30 + 6.05 =

2. 3.63 + 4.80 + 5.26 =

3. 459.13 + 23.03 + 52.00 =

Subtraction

4. 125.35 - 36.80 =

5. 78.240 - 11.659 =

Multiplication

6. 75.30 × 6.050 =

7. 25.25 × 3.10 =

8. 56.30 × 0.30 =

9. 1.50 × .50 =

22
 Decimal Fractions
Division

10. 7.8 ÷ 3.5 =

11. 7.0 ÷ 0.75 =

12. 2.25 ÷ .25 =

13. If you have 30 bolts, 45 nuts, and 33 washers

in a box, what would the box contain if you
took out 2/5 of the bolts, 1/5 of the nuts,
and 1/3 of the washers??

bolts nuts washers

14. If you dump 1/3 of a pit that contains 660

bbl. of mud, how much will you dump?

15. We need to make a short trip equal to 1/5

the depth of the well. The depth is 7,450 ft.
How many feet do we need to pull?
ft.

16. If the pit has 450 bbl. of water, how much

water needs to be added to increase the pit
by 0.4? bbl.

17. The well supplier has a price for pressure

gages of 1/4 off the regular price. If the
gages are regularly priced at $62 each, how
much money will I save on each one that I
buy with the discount?
$

23
 Percentages
Percent is the business name for hundredths. Percentage on the Calculator
Percent means per hundred. The symbol for To calculate percentages using a hand held
percent is spoken “percent” and is written as calculator follow the sequence of key strokes used
(%). To change percent to hundredths, shift the below. We can practice finding percentages of any
decimal point two places to the left. combination of numbers.

Example 1 What is 75 percent of 1,000?

14.0 Calculator key sequence:
Example 2
0.14 = 14/100 = 14% 1,000 × 75 %
A decimal point moved 2
spaces to the left will give What is 33.3 percent of $100?
a percentage of a whole
number. Calculator key sequence:
Example 3
For example, to find 14% of 430, you write 14% =
0.14 and then set up a simple calculation: 100 × 33.3 %

0.14 ×. 430 = 60.2 What is .025 percent of 5,680?

An easy way to calculate the exercise above is Calculator key sequence:
to simply multiply 14 × 43 and then move the Example 4
decimal point to the left 2 places.
5,680 × .025 %
The terms used in calculating percentages are
base, rate, and percentage. Now subtract:
Base is the numeral that you want to figu e the What is 1,000 less 20 percent?
percent for. The example above is using a base of Calculator key sequence:
430.
Example 5
Rate is the percent of the base you want to know.
So in the example above 14% or 0.14 is the rate. 1,000 × 20 % - =
Percentage is the product of the rate times the Now add:
base. In the example, 60.2 is the percentage.
What is 1,000 plus 20 percent?
Therefore: Calculator key sequence:

∴
Base × Rate = Percentage and Example 6
Rate = Percentage ÷ Base or R=P/B
& Base = Percentage ÷ Rate or B=P/R
1,000 × 20 % + =

24
 Percentages
Exercises
1. A test shows that the mud needs 23%
more water. If the pit has 712 bbl. of water,
how much water needed to be added?
bbl.

2. Because Bob does such a good job, he

is getting a 7% pay increase. If he makes
$1,600 a month now, how much will he be
making monthly after his raise?
$

3. We are supposed to test the annular

preventer to 70% of its rated pressure. If it
is rated to 5,000 psi., how much pressure
do we use for the test?
psi

4. A pair of boots is 20% off. The regular

price is $95.00. What is the sale price of
the boots?
$

5. 5% of $30.00 = $

6. My spending allowance is 6% of my take-

home pay. My weekly paycheck is $330.
How much is my spending allowance?

7. You have 30 bolts, 45 nuts, and 33 washers

in a box. What percent of all items in the
box are nuts?
%

25
Percentages
8. The BHA is 740 ft. long. The well is 6,336 ft. deep.
What percent of this length is from the BHA?

9. I want to give 5% of my annual salary to

charity. If I make $2,200 every month, how
much will I need to set aside from each
paycheck?
$

10. 40% of 5,680 ft. = ft.

ft.
11. 33.3% of 10,489 ft. =

12. 28.9% of 3,892.5 ft. = ft.

13. An oil tank contains 230 barrels, of this, 4.5

barrels are sediment and water (S&W). What
percent of S&W does the tank contain?
%

14. If a man earns $35,000 a year and saves 3.5%

of it, how much will he have in his savings
account by the end of this year?

15. My employer will match up to 4% per annum

of my annual salary in profit sharing. My
annual salary is $42,500. How much money
will my company alone contribute to my
retirement over a fi e-year period?
$

26
 Percentages
16. Of the 325 barrels of liquid produced by a
well, 35% is water (H2O). How many barrels
of water is produced?
bbl.

17. An alloy of metal contains 63.5% copper,

12.3% tin, and 24.2% antimony. How much
of each metal is contained in 350 pounds
of this alloy?

Copper (Cu) lb.

Tin (Sn) lb.

Antimony (Sb) lb.

18. There are 42 gallons in an oilfield barrel. If

33 gallons are removed from a 300-barrel
tank, what percentage of oil is left in the
tank?
%

19. If 1/5 of a lease has been surveyed, what

percentage remains to be surveyed?

27
Powers and Roots
When a number is multiplied by itself, The number that is raised to a given power is
mathematicians say it is “raised to the second called the root of that number. In the example
power” and in common language we say below, 12 is the square root of 144. The
it is “squared”. If this same number were symbol for the root of a number is a radical
multiplied by itself another time, it is “raised sign and is written as:
to the third power”, or “cubed”.
Example 3
The raised power is written as a small figu e

√
(superscript) above the base number and is

144
called an exponent. For example, 9 × 9 may
be written as 92. The exponent denotes the
number of times that a value is to be multiplied
by itself, that is, the power to which it is raised. Radical
Some calculations used in higher mathematics
may require raising to powers other than The root to be found (extracted) is written under
2, but in our work, squaring a number is all the radical sign. In the case of roots greater
that is necessary. The calculator sequence for than 2, that is, square roots, a superscript digit
determining the square of a number is to key is placed above the “V” of the radical sign. The
in the base number, touch the × (times) key average household calculator in use today has
followed by the = (equal) key. The square of a square root function key.
the entered number will appear in the display
window of the calculator. Calculator key sequence:
Example 4
Calculator key sequence:

Example 1 144 √
12 X = Notice when solving for the square root of a
number it is not necessary to use the = (equal)
sign to finish the calcul tion.
Example 2
Example 5

4
2
Hint!

√144
Numeral 2 is the
exponent

12
Numeral 4 is and is called a
the base that “Square” is equal to
you begin with

28
 Powers and Roots
Example 6

4
2
= 4 x 4 = 16
Exercises
(Round up decimals to nearest hundredth.
For example 5.643 would become 5.64.)
1. What is the square root of 64?

2. What is 13 squared?

3. 162 =

4. 3212 =

5. 12.42 =

6. If you square 13 and add it to the square

root of 196, what is your answer?

7. √361 =

8. 7 × (√9) =

29
Powers and Roots
9. √576 =

10. √729 =

11. 2222 =

12. 122 =

13. 0.0502 =

14. 182 =

15. Oil eating bacteria are multiplying at a

rate of 752 per 10 minutes. How many
bacteria will be on the surface of the
water in 20 minutes?

16. [45 + {√81 - (32 - 27)}] ÷ 7 =

17. 2,809 - √4,489 =

18. 625 - √144 =

19. (2 x√4)+√9 =
30
 Force, Pressure, and Area
Where: Force

F is Force measured in pounds (lb.) and is the

result of pressure applied to a specific area –
Units: Pounds-Force
Force against Pipe
P is Pressure measured in pounds per square
inch (psi.) and is Force applied over a specific
area – Units: Pounds Per Square Inch

A is Area measured in square inches (in²) and is

a 2 dimensional shaped surface (circle, square, Area
rectangular, etc.) – Units: Square Inches

The formula for determining area in a cylinder

is: A = D² × 0.7854
Pressure
Figure 7.

1. How much force is pushing on the end of a

5-inch diameter plunger, if the pressure is
Force
2,000 psi.?

Pressure Area

2. What is the snub force on a 1¾-inch coiled

tubing entering a well with a 8,000 psi.
wellhead pressure (WHP)?
Force = Pressure × Area

Force
Pressure(psi) =
Area

Area = Force
Pressure 3. The blind rams are closed, and the bore
of the stack and rams is 10 inches. There is
40 psi. of pressure in the stack. How much
Figure 6.
force does this equal?

31
Rectangular Tanks - Volume and Capacity
Volume and Capacity for Rectangular
Tanks To find the total
The capacity in barrels per foot for a rectangular Volume & Capacity
tank may be found by multiplying the length of a Tank ...
times the width (measured in feet) and dividing
by 5.61. Multiply the bbl./ft.
L × W÷ 5.61 = bbl./ft. by the
Height of the Tank.
To find the total volume of the tank, multiply bbl./
ft. by the height in feet.
L x W/5.61=bbl./ft.

Inside
Dimension (I.D.)
Outside
is the red line.
Dimension
(O.D.)
is the black line.
th
id
W

L X W
divided by

5.61 bbl./ft. × ft. of depth =

Height

tank/pit capacity

Length

bbl./ft. ÷ 12 = bbl./in.
Figure 8.

32
 Volume and Capacity - Cylinders

FYI
Volume and Capacity for Cylinders
The capacity in barrels per foot for a cylinder is
found by finding the square of the inside diameter
Basic Formulas:
in inches and dividing by 1029.4
Circumference of a Circle
ID2 ÷ 1,029.4 = bbl./ft.
R2 × π
Note: The outside diameter (O.D.) - (minus) the
wall thickness gives the actual inside diameter Diameter of a circle
(I.D.) of a cylinder.
D = 2 × Radius

Area of a circle
Inside
Outside Diameter2 × 0.7854
Diameter
Diameter (O.D.) (I.D.) is the The capacity in barrels per foot for a
is the black line. red line. cylinder is found by finding the square
of the diameter in inches and dividing by
1,029.4.

The equation is:

Diameter
D2
1,029.4
= bbl./ft.

If "Capacity" is barrels per foot, then "Volume"

is Capacity times the total number of feet.

Figure 9. Volume and Capacity

33
Cylinders - Exercises
Exercises

A.) A pit is 50 ft. long, 8 ft. wide ,and 6 ft.

deep. What is the:

1. bbl./ft. capacity?

2. bbl./in. capacity?

3. Total barrel capacity?

4. Volume of mud if the height in the pit

is 4 ft. 6 in.?

B.) A pit is 16 ft. long, 8 ft. wide, and 12 ft.

deep. What is the:

1. bbl./ft. capacity?

2. bbl./in. capacity?

3. Total barrel capacity?

4. Volume of mud if the height in the pit

is 6 ft. 9 in.?

34
 Exercises - Cylinders
C.) A round mud pit has a diameter of 16 ft.
4 in., and is 9 ft. tall. What is the:

1. bbl./ft. capacity?

2. bbl./in. capacity?

3. Total barrel capacity?

Figure 10. Pit

35
 Capacities and Volumes - Formulas
Hole Capacity (bbl./ft.) Figure 11.
Hole capacity bbl./ft. = D2 (in inches)÷ 1029.4

Hole Volume (bbl.)

Hole Volume bbl. = Hole Capacity
bbl./ft. × MD ft.
Annular

Pipe Capacity
Pipe Capacity bbl./ft. = Pipe Inside D2 ÷ 1029.4

Pipe Volume
Pipe Volume bbl. = Pipe Capacity
bbl./ft. × MD ft.
BOP Stack
Annular Capacity with Tubing in Casing & RAM

Annular Cap bbl./ft = Casing

(Hole Diameter in.2 - Pipe OD2) ÷ 1029.4

Annular Volume bbl./ft. with Tubing Drill Pipe

Casing
Annular Volume bbl. =
Annular Capacity bbl./ft. × MD ft.

Drill Collar

36
 I.D., O.D. and Annular Space

Figure 12.

Figure 13.

Casing
Tubing Space I.D.
Space O.D.

Annulus space: the I.D. space between the casing and the O.D. space of the tubing.

37
Capacity Exercises
1. Calculate how many barrels it would take
to fill 9,500 t. of 5 in. casing with a 4.45-
inch I.D.

2. Calculate how many barrels it would take

to fill 9,000 ft. of 2⅜ in. tubing with a 1.95-
inch I.D.

3. What is the capacity, in bbl./ft., of 3½ in.

drill pipe with a 2.764-inch I.D.?

4. How many barrels would it take to fill 575

ft. of 4½ in. drill pipe with an I.D. of 3.3755
inches?

38
 Pump Output and Displacement
A pump is basically a cylinder with a piston forcing fluid through it, therefore cylindrical volume calculations
can be used to calculate the pump output.

Calculations for Pump Output:

Figure 14.

Calculations for Pump Output

Single Action Triplex Pump

X X 0.000243 =
liner id2 inches bbl./stk.

I.D. of Liner Squared Length of Pump Pump Output

Stroke

Double Acting Duplex Pump

+ - X =
liner id2 liner id2 rod od2 inches

I.D. of Liner Squared I.D. of Liner Squared I.D. of Rod Squared Length of Pump
Stroke

X 0.000162 =
bbl./st.

Pump Output at 100%

Calculations for a Duplex Pump Output:

Calculate the pump output in bbl./stk. at
100 efficiency.

1. Liner size 7¾ inches. Rod size 2-inch

O.D. and 12-inch stroke.

2. Liner size 6¼ inches. Rod size 2¼-inch

O.D. and 16-inch stroke.

39
Pump Output and Displacement
Triplex Pumps
Calculate the pump output in bbl./stk. at
100% efficiency.

3. Liner 6¾ inches and 12-inch stroke.

4. Liner 7 inches and 9½-inch stroke.

Figure 15. Crew Running Casing

40
 Volume and Stroke
Volume and Stroke Exercises
Volume Exercises
1. How many barrels would it take to fill the
hole if 3 stands, 93 ft. per stand, of 5 in. drill
pipe were pulled from a well with 11¾ in.
casing, (I.D.-11.084 in.)? Note that the pipe
is wet when it is pulled.

2. Calculate the strokes to reverse circulate

from surface to surface with 2⅜ in. tubing,
capacity 0.00345 bbl./ft. The end of the
tubing is at 11,000 ft.; the casing is 7 in.
with an I.D. of 6.125 in.; the pump output is
0.042 bbl./stk. at 100% efficie y.

3. Capacity of drill pipe is 0.01776 bbl./ft.;

capacity of drill collars is 0.00731 bbl./ft.;
the surface line capacity is 2 bbl. The well
has a MD of 9,437 ft.; a TVD of 7,100 ft.; the
BHA is 822 ft. How many barrels to pump
from surface to bit?

4. If the pump output is 0.125 bbl./stk. at

100% efficie y, how many stokes will it
take to displace this volume of fluid

41
Volume and Stroke
Stroke Exercises
1. A pump has an output of 0.105 bbl./stk.
How many strokes would it take to pump
90 barrels?

2. If the pump speed were 50 stk./min., how

many minutes would it take to pump 90
barrels, if the pump output is 0.105 bbl./
stk.?

3. The annular volume is 340 barrels. The

pump output is 0.127 bbl./stk. How many
strokes will it take to displace the annulus?

4. If the pump output is 0.127 bbl./stk., and

the speed is 90 stk./min., how many barrels
are you pumping each minute?

5. If you are pumping at a rate of 3.5 bbl./min.

and the pump is running at a constant rate
of 40 stk./min., what is the pump output?

42
 Volume and Stroke
Length Exercises

1. If each joint of pipe is 30 feet and we are

running triple joint stands, how many feet
of pipe will be in the hole if we run with 40
stands of pipe?

2. How many stands (90 ft. per stand) will we

have to run to get to a depth of 5,000 feet?

3. We are on bottom drilling at 9,000 feet, and

the casing shoe is at 3,500 feet. How many
stands (90 ft./std.) will we have to pull to
get the bit to the casing shoe?

4. A stand is 90.5 feet and we have to kick out

a bad joint that is strapped at 29.6 feet. We
make up a new joint that is 30 feet. What is
the new length?

5. How many 40-foot casing joints will it take

to run to 7,880 feet?

43
Volume and Stroke
Combined Volume, Length, and Stroke
Calculation Exercises
A.) The pit is 40 ft. long, 6 ft. wide and 8 ft.
deep. There is presently 5.5 ft. of mud
in it. The well is drilled to 6,550 ft. with
5 in. O.D.; 4.276 inch I.D. drill pipe with
a BHA of 550 ft. of 7 inch O.D.; 2 in. I.D.
collars and an 8½ in. bit; 9⅝ in. O.D.,
8.835 in. I.D. casing was set at 4,280 ft.
The pump has an output of 0.111 bbl./
stk. and a rate of 120 stk./min.

1. What is the volume in the pit?

2. What is the volume in the drill

string?

3. What is the volume in the annulus?

4. What is the total circulating system

volume in barrels?

5. How many strokes would it take to

siplace the drill string?

44
 Volume and Stroke
6. How many strokes would it take to
pump bottoms' up?

7. How many strokes would it take to

make a complete cicrulation?

8. How much time will it take to displace

the string?

9. How much time will it take to pump

bottom's up?

10. How much time will it take to pump a

complete circulation?

45
Volume and Stroke
B.) The pit is 20 ft. long. 8 ft. wide, and 8 ft.
deep. there is presently 7.5 feet of mud
in it. the well is drilled to 11,430 feet
with 4½-inch O.D.; 3.826-inch i.D. drill
pipe with a bHa of 1,120 feet of 6½-inch
O.D.; 2.815 feet i.D. collars and an 8½-
inch bit; 9 ⅝-inch O.D., 8.755-inch i.D.
casing was set at 8,450 feet . the pump
has an output of 0.143 bbl./stk. and a
rate of 70 stk./min.

1. What is the volume in the pits?

2. What is the volume in the drill string?

3. What is the volume in the annulus?

4. What is the total circulating volume?

5. How many strokes would it take to

pump bottom's up?

6. How many strokes will it take to make a

complete circulation?

46
 Volume and Stroke
Combined Volume, Length, and Stroke
Calculation Exercises

7. How much time will it take to displace

the drill string?

8. How much time will it take to pump

bottom’s up?

9. How much time will it take to pump a

complete circulation?

10. If a pit gain of 7 inches was noted,

how much volume was gained?

47
Fluid Gradient and Hydrostatic Pressure
Figure 16.

1 1
Foot Square
Inch

1
Foot
1
Foot

Figure 17. Pressure Illustration

0.052??
1 cubic foot contains
7.48 gallons

1 ppg. × 7.48 = 7.48 lb.

7.48 lbs. ÷ 144 (square inches)

= 0.052 psi./ft.

48
 Fluid Gradient and Hydrostatic Pressure
Pressure Hydrostatic Pressure

Pressure is a force exerted or placed on a unit of Hydrostatic pressure (HP) is the pressure exerted
area. F = Force (lb.), A = Area (in.2) therefore by a column of fluid at rest. Hydro means water or
lb. divided by in.2 is equal to psi. or pounds per flui , and static means not moving. HP is a function
square inch. of the fluid and the true vertical depth (TVD) of the
column. In drilling we speak of 2 kinds of depth.
For pressure calculations we always use TVD Measured depth (MD) is how long the well is. True
or True Vertical Depth When we want to vertical depth (TVD) is an imaginary line straight
determine volume, we use MD or Measured down under the rig.
Depth.
Examples:
Fluid Density and Pressure Gradient:

Fluid density is often measured in pounds per

HP (psi.) = FD (ppg.)× 0.052 × TVD (ft.)
gallon or ppg.
or
The force that a fluid exerts at any given point
may be measured in pounds per square inch psi.
or psi. To find out how much pressure fluid ft.
of a certain density exerts, we use a pressure
gradient.
psi. = ppg. × 0.052 × ft.
Pressure gradient is the force the fluid exerts
per foot of height (or depth) and is measured therefore
in psi./ft. (pounds per square inch per foot). ppg. = P ÷ 0.052 ÷ ft.
To get the pressure gradient in psi./ft., we must
convert the flui ’s density from pounds per
gallon to psi./ft.
P
Examples: or 0.052 ft.
and ft. = P ÷ 0.052 ÷ ppg.
Gradient (psi./ft.) = Mudweight(ppg.)(or fluid
P
weight or density) × 0.052 or
0.052 X ppg.
Example 1

Fluid Density Equation

FD (ppg.) × 0.052
pressure gradient
or psi/ft.

49
Fluid Gradient and Hydrostatic Pressure Exercises
1. Calculate the fluid gradient of 11.6 ppg.
flui .

2. Calculate the fluid gradient of 15.9 ppg.

flui .

3. Calculate the density, in ppg., of a flui

with a fluid radient of 0.8164 psi./ft.

4. Calculate the density, in ppg., of a flui

with a fluid radient of 0.465 psi./ft.

5. What is the hydrostatic pressure of a 11.2

ppg. fluid in a well with a TD of 10,200 ft.
MD, and 9,500 ft. of TVD?

Figure 18.

Figure 26
6. What is the hydrostatic pressure of a well
with a MD of 9,575 ft., TVD 8,875 ft., and a
mud weight of 9.6 ppg.?

7. Calculate the hydrostatic pressure of a well TVD

with a TVD of 7,915 ft. and a mud weight
of 14.7 ppg.
MD

50
 Basic Math Review Exercises
1. 103,698 gallons equals how many barrels?
bbl.

2. My boat holds 60 gallons of gas in the

tank. If I spring a leak and lose 24% of my
gas, how many gallons do I have left in the
tank?
gal.

3. David has to put a new roof on the back

patio. He will need to cover an area of 120
sq. ft. How many sheets of plywood will he
need to buy if the sheets are 4 × 6 ft.?

4. My brother makes boat covers for bass

boats. The customer wants a cover for a
boat that is 20 ft. long and 10 ft. wide. How
many yards of canvas will he have to buy if
the fabric is 60 in. wide?
yd.

5. Billy’s horses eat 2 tons of hay every 3

months. Hay is currently selling for $67
a ton. How much will Billy spend on hay
over the course of a year?
$

51
Basic Math Review Exercises
6. Jack plans to put new carpet and tile down
in his combination kitchen/living room.
The room is 24 × 36 ft. with the an actual
kitchen area of 9 × 12 ft.

A.) How many square ft. of carpet does he

need to buy?
sq. ft.

B.) How many square ft. of tile does he

need to buy?
sq. ft.

7. A well is 6,237 ft. and we trip out 2,421 ft.

of pipe out. How much pipe is left in the
hole?
ft.

8. There are 134 stands of drill pipe in the

derrick. If each stand is 31 ft. in length, how
many feet of drill pipe are in the derrick?
ft.

9. George’s backyard is 120 ft. × 80 ft. He

needs to put up a fence. How many feet of
fence material will he have to buy?
ft.

52
 Basic Math Review Exercises
10. Matt likes to grow vegetables in his
backyard. He plants 3 six-foot rows of corn.
If he plants 3 seeds to a spot and the spots
are 12 in. apart, how many seeds will he be
planting?
seeds

11. We are drilling at a controlled rate of 33

ft. per hour. How many feet of hole will be
drilled at the end of 72 hours?

ft.

12. XYZ has a mud pit with a capacity of 9

barrels per inch. The pit has increased by
4 inches. How many barrels did the pit
increase?

bbl.

13. Square Hole, Inc. is going to trip out 33

stands per hour (each stand is 90 ft.). How
many hours will it take to trip out of a well
that is 14,850 ft. deep?

hrs.

14. The pit has 345 bbls. of flui . How much

fluid needs to be added to increase the pit
by 7%?
bbl.

53
Basic Math Review Exercises
15. A test shows that the mud needs 35%
more H2O. If the pit has 630 bbl. of H2O,
how much more water needs to be added?
bbl.

16. XYZ equipment company will be testing

the new annular preventer to 70% of its
rated pressure. The manufacturer rates this
preventer at 5,000 psi. How much pressure
will XYZ need to use for this test?
psi.

17. An oil tank contains 468 barrels; of this

amount, 12.36% is sediment and water.
Approximately how many barrels are
actually sediment and water?
bbl.

18. Of the 2,732 barrels of liquid produced by

a well, 25% is water. How many barrels of
water are produced?
bbl.

54
 Concepts of Basic Mathematics - Answer Key
Addition: 10. $58,676
1. 52 bbl. 11. $1,063
2. 452 in. 12. 25,979
3. $156 13. 4,744
4. 564 14. 174
5. $99 Multiplication:
6. 1,249 1. 50,076
7. 58,854 2. 123,872
8. 451 3. 1,562,484
9. 412 4. 8,496
10. 37,725 5. 6,300 ft.
11. 91 ft. 6. 1,200 ft.
12. 5,527 ft. 7. $84
13. 108 fish 8. 325 bolts
14. $900 9. 72 ft.
15. 12,812 gal. 10. 11,250 ft.

Subtraction: 11. 1,320 ft.

1. 18 12. 960 ft.

2. 146 13. $688

3. 1,722 14. 43 ft.

4. $47 15. 5,859 ft.

5. 290 16. 300 ft.

6. 71 17. 9,800 ft.

7. 60 18. 18 bbl.

8. 61 ft.
9. 4,296 ft.

55
Answer Key - Concepts of Basic Mathematics
Division: 7. 78.275
1. 15 mo. 8. 16.89

2. 4 hrs. 9. 0.75

3. $13 Division:

4. $65 10. 2.2285714

5. 41 bbl. 11. 9.33

6. 41 12. 9.0

7. 7,312 13. 18 bolts; 36 nuts; 22 washers

8. 45 ft. 14. 220 bbl.

9. 9 hrs. 15. 1,490 ft.

10. 30 yrs. 16. 180 bbl.

11. 40 mo. 17. $15.50

Percentages:
12. $22
1. 164 bbl.
13. 1,617.5
2. $ 1,712
14. 432
3. 3,500 psi.
15. 1,420 ft.
4. $76
16. $15
Decimal Fractions: 5. $1.50

Addition: 6. $19.80

1. 881.35 7. 41.66%
2. 13.69 8. 11.67%
3. 534.16 9. $110
Subtraction: 10. 2,272 ft.
4. 88.55 11. 3,493 ft.
5. 66.581 12. 1,125 ft.
Multiplication:
13. 1.96%
6. 455.565

56
 Concepts of Basic Mathematics - Answer Key
14. $1,225 Force, Pressure, and Area:
15. $8,500 1. 39,270 lb.
16. 113.75 bbl. 2. 19,242.3 lb.
17. 222.25 lb. Cu; 43.05 lb. Sn; 84.70 lb. Sb 3. 3,141.6 lb.
18. 99% Rectangular Tanks:

19. 80% Exercise A:

Powers and Roots: 1. 71.3 bbl./ft.
1. 8 2. 5.9 bbl./in.
2. 169 3. 427.8 bbl.
3. 256 4. 320.76 bbl.
4. 103,041 Exercise B:
5. 153.76 1. 22.8 bbl./ft.
6. 183 2. 1.9 bbl./in.
7. 19 3. 273.8 bbl.
8. 21 4. 153.9 bbl.
9. 24 Exercise C:
10. 27 1. 37.32 bbl./ft.
11. 49,284 2. 3.1 bbl./in.
12. 144 3. 335.8 bbl.
13. 0.0025 Capacity Exercise:

14. 324 1. 182.75 bbl.

15. 31,640,625 2. 33.245 bbl.

16. 7 3. 0.00742 bbl./ft.

17. 2,742 4. 6.36 bbl.

18. 613
19. 7

57
Answer Key - Concepts of Basic Mathematics
Pump Output and Displacement: 3. 311.97 bbl.
1. 0.226 bbl./stk. 4. 655.96 bbl.
2. 0.1894 bbl./stk. 5. 980 stk.
3. 0.133 bbl./stk. 6. 2,811 stk.
4. 0.1131 bbl./stk. 7. 3,789 stk.
Volume Exercise: 8. 8.15 min.
1. 26.52 bbl. 9. 23.42 min.
2. 9,013 stk. 10. 31.6 min.
3. 161 bbl. Exercise B:

4. 1,288 stk. 1. 213.9 bbl.

Stroke Exercise: 2. 155.22 bbl.

1. 857 stk. 3. 592.6 bbl.

2. 17.143 min. 4. 961.7 bbl.

3. 2,677 stk. 5. 4,144 stk.

4. 11.43 bbl. 6. 5,229 stk.

5. 0.0875 bbl./stk 7. 15.50 min.

Length Exercise: 8. 59.20 min.

1. 3,600 ft. 9. 74.7 min.

2. 55.6 stands 10. 16.64 bbl.

Pressure Exercise:
3. 61.11 stands
1. 0.603 psi./ft.
4. 90.9 ft.
2. 0.827 psi./ft.
5. 197 joints
combined volume, length and stroke 3. 15.7 ppg.
exercise:
4. 8.94 ppg.
Exercise A:
5. 5,533 psi.
1. 235.29 bbl.
6. 4,430 psi.
2. 108.71 bbl.
7. 6,050 psi.

58
 Concepts of Basic Mathematics- Answer Key
Basic Math Review:
1. 2,469 bbl.
2. 45.6 gal.
3. 5
4. 13.33 yds.
5. $536
6. 756 cu. ft. and 108 cu. ft.
7. 3,816 ft.
8. 4,154 ft.
9. 400 ft.
10. 54 seeds
11. 2,376 ft.
12. 36 bbl.
13. 5 hrs.
14. 24.15 bbl.
15. 220.50 bbl.
16. 3,500 psi.
17. 57.84 bbl.
18. 683 bbl. H2O

59
 Figure 19. Crew Personnel

This section has been completed.

60
APPLIED PETROLEUM MATHEMATICS

Figure 20. Blowout Figure 21. Rig at Night

Figure 22. Snubbing Basket

61
62
 Pumps and Pressure - An Overview
Figure 23. Static Well Pressure Figure 24. Normal Circulating Well Pressure

Well Static Normal Circulation

PUMP Well Static PUMP Normal

Circulation
When no
fluids are During
moving circulation the
the well is BHP is equal
considered to to the HP on
be static. BHP the annular
and FP are side plus
the same. the annular
pressure loss.

BHP==FP
BHP HP BHP = HP + APL

Figure 25. Circulating with Rotating Head Figure 26. Circulating with Kick in Hole
Circulation with Rotating Head Kick Circulation
Rotating Kick
Head Circulation
PUMP
PUMP
During BHP is equal
Rotation
Head circulation BOP
to HP on the
Stack
with a rotating annular side,
head, the plus annular
BHP is equal pressure
to the HP on loss, plus
the annular choke (casing)
side, plus pressure.
the annular
pressure For subsea,
loss, plus the add choke line
BHP = HP + APL + rotating head pressure loss.
Rotating Head Back Pressure back pressure. BHP = HP + APL + Choke Press

63
Maximum Allowable Mud Weight
Maximum Allowable Mud Weight (MAMW) and Maximum Allowable Annular
Surface Pressure (MAASP)

Figure 27.

Pressure Considerations

1.) Estimated Formation Integrity/Leak-off/Fracture Fluid Density

(Mud Weight)

÷ 0.052 ÷ + =
psi. TVD ft. ppg. ppg.

Integrity Leak-off Depth of Test Integrity Leak-off Estimated

Pressure (Shoe or weak zone) Test Mud Weight Integrity Fluid
Density

2.) Estimated Formation Integrity Pressure (With Present Mud Weight)

− X X 0.052 =
PPG. ppg. TVD ft. psi.

Estimated Integrity Present Depth of Test Estimated Integrity

Fluid Density Mud Weight (Shoe or weak zone) Pressure

Figure 28.

essure
Pr

Casing

Casing Seat TVD

less than 50 ft.
New Hole

Pressure at the casing seat (shoe) = Hydrostatic pressure at

shoe + imposed pressure.

64
 Maximum Allowable Mud Weight
Exercises
Figure 29. Mud Retort

MAMW and MAASP:

1. TD: 11,267 ft.; Casing shoe: 5,598 ft. (TVD);

Leak- off test pressure 1259 psi.; Leak-off test
mud weight 9.8 ppg.; Present mud weight
10.3 ppg.

2. TD: 5,400 ft.; Casing shoe: 3,500 ft. (TVD);

Leak-off test pressure 1,050 psi.; Leak-off test
mud weight 8.6 ppg.; Present mud weight
9.3 ppg.

3. TD: 10,723 ft.; Casing shoe; 4,332 ft. (TVD);

Leak-off pressure 1395 psi.; Leak-off test mud
weight 9.2 ppg.; Present mud weight 11.0
ppg.

Figure 30. Mud Pit

65
Maximum Allowable Mud Weight

Figure 31.
Constant Increments
Increments of Volume Volume of
Generally about Pumping Pressure
20 Gal (75 Liters)

Increments
of Pressure
Stop
Pressure

Weight
Pressure

Pressure
here
Stop
Possible
here Break of
Stop
Cement Bond here

Time Pump Strokes Time

4. TD: 15,553 ft.; Casing shoe; 5,100 ft. (TVD);

Leak-off pressure 1220 psi.; Leak-off test mud
weight 9.4 ppg.; Present mud weight 12.5
ppg.

66
 Bottomhole Pressure and Kill Mud Weight
Bottomhole Pressure and Kill Mud Weight Exercises
Figure 32.
Required Kill Mud Weight

÷ 0.052 ÷ + =
psi. TVD ft. ppg. ppg.

SIDPP True Vertical Depth Present Mud WT. Kill Mud WT.
(toBit or Kick Zone)

1. What is the depth (TVD) of a well with a

bottomhole pressure of 5,200 psi. and a mud Figure 33.
weight of 13.2 ppg?

MUD WT. 13.2 ppg.

? TVD

5,200 psi bhp

Figure 34.

2. Calculate the depth (TVD) of a well with a

bottomhole pressure of 6,595 psi. and a mud
MUD WT. 14.5 ppg.

weight of 14.5 ppg.

? TVD

6,595 psi bhp

67
Bottomhole Pressure and Kill Mud Weight
3. Calculate the kill mud weight needed for a Figure 35.
well with a formation pressure of 6,800 psi
at 12,000 feet (TVD).

What is Kill Mud WT.?

12,000 ft.
TVD

6,800 psi bhp

Figure 36.

4. What fluid weight is needed to control a well

What is Kill Mud WT. + 0.1?

with a bottomhole pressure of 6,340 psi. at

a total depth of 11,750 feet (MD) 11,357 feet
(TVD)?

11,357 ft.
TVD

6,340 psi bhp

68
 Bottomhole Pressure and Kill Mud Weight
5. Calculate kill mud weight of a well that has a Figure 37.
TD of 7,690 feet TVD; present mud weight of 240
9.7; SIDPP of 240 psi., SICP of 475 psi.
475

9.7 PPG Mud WT.

12,000 ft.
TVD

What is Kill Mud Weight?

6. Calculate kill mud weight required for a well

with formation pressure of 7,200 psi. and Figure 38.
depth of 12,567 feet (MD), 11,576 feet (TVD) What is Kill Mud WT.?

11,576 ft.
TVD

7,200 psi bhp

69
Bottomhole Pressure and Kill Mud Weight
7. What is the bottomhole pressure of a shut-in Figure 39. 875
well with a depth of 13,056 ft. (MD), 12,556 ft.
(TVD); present mud weight 13.7 ppg.; SIDPP
875 psi., SICP 1,025 psi?
1025

13.7 PPG Mud WT.

12,556 ft.
TVD

Kick

Kick
What is Bottomhole
Pressure?

Figure 40.

8. If the annular fluid level dropped 87 ft., how

much hydrostatic pressure would be lost at
the bottom of a well with a TD of 12,775 ft. 87 ft.
(MD), 12,105 ft. (TVD)? Present mud weight
is 12.8 ppg.
Mud WT. 12.8 PPG

12,105 ft.
TVD

What is Hydrostatic
Pressure Loss?

70
 Bottomhole Pressure and Kill Mud Weight
9. SIDPP is 320 psi., SICP is 750 psi.; TD of well Figure 42.
is 12,250 ft. (MD), 10,850 ft. (TVD); present 320
mud has a fluid gradient of 0.8164 psi./ft.
What mud weight is needed to kill the well?
750

Mud Gradient 0.8164 PSI/FT.

10,850 ft.
TVD

Figure 43.
Initial Circulating Pressure (ICP)

psi.
+ psi.
= ICP psi.
SIDPP Kill Rate Initial Circulating
Pump Pressure Pressure

What is Kill Mud

+ 0.1 PPG?
Figure 42. 300
Slow
Pump
10. What would be the initial circulating pressure
Rate
(ICP) for a well if the slow pump rate at 30
600 @
SPM was 950 psi., SICP is 600 psi., and SIDPP
30 stk.
is 300 psi.?
=
950 psi.

What is ICP?

71
Bottomhole Pressure and Kill Mud Weight
11. While drilling, a kick was taken and the well Figure 44.
was shut in. The TD is 4,725 ft. (MD and TVD); 98
mud weight 8.9 ppg.; SIDPP 98 psi., SICP 160
psi.; pit gain 8.2 barrels. 160

A.) What mud weight is needed to kill the

well?

Mud WT. 8.9 PPG.

4,725 ft.
TVD
B.) What is the formation pressure?

Kick

Kick
12. What is the equivalent mud weight (EMW) at
the shoe, 3,120 ft. (MD), 3,005 ft. (TVD), when
the following well is shut in? Present flui What is Kill Mud WT.
density 8.8 ppg.; SICP 375 psi., SIDPP 275 psi. and Formation Pressure?
The TD is 5,600 ft. (MD) and 5,445 ft. (TVD).
Figure 45. 275
The kick is at the bottom of the
hole and has not migrated.
375

3,005 ft.
TVD
Kick

Kick

What is EMW at
the Shoe?

72
 Influx Density and Type
Figure 46.

bbl.
÷ bbl./ft.
= ft.

Kick Size (Pit Gain) Ann. Cap. Collars Length of Kick

psi.
- psi.
÷ 0.052 ÷ = ppg.

Shut in Shut in Drill Conversion Factor EMW Lost Over

Casing Pressure Pipe Pressure Kick Length

ppg.
− = ppg.

Present Mud Wt. Kick Density

1. Determine: A.) influx densi y in ppg. and B.) identify the type of influx or the given data:

Total Depth: 7,000 ft. (MD and TVD)

Mud Weight: 8.7 ppg.
Drill pipe: 5 in. O.D., 4.276 in. I.D.
Drill Collars: 6 3/4 O.D., 2 1/2 in. I.D.; Length 1,300 ft.
Casing Size: 9 5/8 in., Depth: 3,200 ft. (MD and TVD)
Hole Size: 8 3/4 in.
SIDPP: 165 psi.
SICP: 410 psi.
Pit Gain: 23 bbl.

A.) Influx densi y in ppg.

B.) Identify the type of influx or the given data:

73
Influx Density and Type
Following are formulas for weighting up or decreasing existing mud weight.

Figure 47.

Total Volume in Active System

bbl.
BBLS + bbl. + bbl. + bbl. = bbl.

Volume in Active Pits Drill String Volume Total Annular Volume Volume Between DP & Total Volume in
Riser (Subsea Only) Active System
100# Sacks Per Barrel

35
35 –
ppg.
=
Kill Mud Weight

ppg.
– ppg.
x 14.7
14.7 ÷ =
SXS/BBL
Kill Mud Weight Present Mud Sacks per Barrel
Weight
Total Barite Required

x =
bbl. sxs./bbl. sxs.

Total Volume in Sacks per Barrel Total Barite

Active System Required

Volume Increase Due to Barite Addition

sxs.
÷ 14.7
14.7 =
BBL. S
bbl

Total Barite Volume Increase

Required

Required Mixing Rate

x =
szs/bbl. bbl /min.N
BBLS/MI szs/min.

Sacks per Barrel Circulating Rate Required Mixing

Rate

Dilution of Reserve Mud with Water

ppg.
– 8.33
8.33 =
Kill Mud Weight

– x ÷ =
ppg. ppg. bbl. bbl.

Reserve Pit Kill Mud Weight Reserve Pit Volume of Water

to Add

74
 Influx Density and Type
Work Space and Notes:

75
Estimated Barite Requirements
Calculate the following questions using the
information below:
Active Pits: 1,000 bbl.
Annular Volume: 432 bbl.
Circulating Rate: 3.1 bbl./min.
Kill Mud Weight: 12 ppg.
Reserve Mud Volume: 1,500 bbl.
Drill String Volume: 115 bbl.
Volume between DP and riser: 800
Present Mud Weight: 10 ppg.
Reserve Mud Weight: 14 ppg.

1. Total volume in active system?

2. Sacks per barrel?

3. Total barite required?

4. Volume increase?

5. Volume of water to add to reserve mud

pit to obtain kill mud weight?

76
 Estimated Barite Requirements
Work Space and Notes:

77
Shut-in Well - With Pipe
Figure 48.
Hard Shut In
1

3
Close
4 Monitor &
Shut-in
Well
Close
record

Open
2 Well with pipe in hole

Modified Shut
1 In

Close
2 Close Closed Closed

Open
3 Open

Soft Shut In
1

Close while
monitoring
3 Close 4 4 Monitor &
record
5 Once choke
Open closed monitor
2
& record

78
 Without Pipe in Hole - Shut-in Well
Figure 49.

Hard Shut

Shut-in
In
Close
2 Close

Open
3 Monitor & record
Well
1 Well without
pipe in hole

Modified
Shut In
Close
1 Close Closed Closed

3 Monitor & record

Open
2 Open

Soft Shut
In
Close while
monitoring pressure
2 Close 3

4 Once choke closed

Open monitor & record
1

79
Student Section - Rig Exercises
Conversions

For questions 1-11 please use the conversion

charts in the Tables and Charts section of this
book.
Conversion Tables — Page 110
1. Convert 14,070 liters of fluid to barrels of
flui .
bbl.

2. I have 36 running ft. of lumber. A friend gives

me another 27 meters of lumber. Convert
the meters to feet and give the total amount
of lumber in feet now available.

ft.

3. Convert 98 degrees F. to degrees Celsius.

ºC

4. 233 bbl./min. is equal to:

L/min.

5. 60 psi. is equal to:

bars

80
 Rig Exercises - Student Section
6. Convert 3,050 degrees F. to degrees Celsius.

ºC

81
Student Section - Rig Exercises
Answer the following questions using the Well
Control Formulas Charts and Tables Tally Book.
Tally book page numbers containing the required
information are listed before the questions.

Capacity of Open Hole — Page 96

1. What is the capacity (bbl./ft.) of an 18.5 in.

hole?

2. What is the hole volume of a 4,500 ft. 12.25

in. hole?

Rules of Thumb — Page 96

1. Convert a 45 degree API gravity oil to a
gradient (psi./ft.).

82
 Rig Exercises -Student Section
Drill Pipe — Page 97
1. What is the capacity (bbl./ft.) of 4.5 in. grade
G 16.60 lb./ft. external upset (with tool joint)
drill pipe?

2. How many barrels would 5,000 ft. of 5.5 in.

grade G 21.9 lb./ft. internal/external upset
drill pipe displace (with tool joint)?

3. How many barrels would 5,000 ft. of 5.5 in.

grade G 21.9 lb./ft. (with an I.D. of 4.778 in.).
Drill pipe displace using the formula below:

{OD2 - ID2}
1029.4

Please evaluate and compare 2 and 3.

Caution — When using technical
information, you must be careful not to
inadvertently use the wrong information.
The results could be very serious!

83
Student Section - Rig Exercises
Hevi-Wate Drill Pipe — Page 97
1. What is the recommended make-up torque
for 3.5 inch O.D., 25.3 lb./ft. hevi-wate drill
pipe with 4.75 inch O.D. tool joints?

2. What is the approximate weight on the pipe

rack with 9,900 ft. of 5-inch hevi-wate drill
pipe (4.5 in. IF connection — 333 joints)?

Spiral Drill Collar Displacements — Page 98

1. What is the displacement (bbl./ft.) of 4.75-
in. 49.6 lb./ft. spiral drill collars with a 2-inch
I.D.?

2. How many barrels would 300 feet of 8-inch

O.D. 147.0 lb./ft. drill collars displace inside
of 9⅝-inch O.D. 53.5 lb./ft. casing?

84
 Rig Exercises - Student Section
I.D. and O.D. Conversion Charts — Page 99

1. You are running 20 inch 133.0 lb./ft. casing

with a flo t shoe and flo t collar. How many
barrels will each 40 ft. joint displace?

Mud Weight Adjustments — Page 100

1. Approximately how many sacks of barite

would be required to weight up 100 bbl.
of 10.5 ppg. mud to a desired weight of
12.5 ppg.?

2. Reserve tank presently has 30 bbl. of 18 ppg.

mud. How many barrels of water is needed
to dilute this 18.0 ppg. mud to 15.5 ppg.?

85
Student Section - Rig Exercises
Duplex Pump @ 100% Efficiency — Page 100

1. What is pump output (bbl./stk.) of a Mid-

Continent D-1000 duplex pump with 7-inch
liner; 3.25 in. O.D. rod with an 18 in. stroke?

2. Using this pump, how many strokes would

be required to displace a drill pipe volume
of 170 bbl.?

Triplex Pump @ 100% Efficiency — Page 101

1. What is the pump output bbl./stk. of a triplex
pump with a 3.25-inch liner with a 6-inch
stroke?

2. What is the pump output bbl./stk. of a triplex

pump with 5.75-inch liner with a 12-inch
stroke?

3. Using the pump mentioned above, how

many strokes would be required to pump
bottoms up with an annular capacity of 360
bbl.?

86
 Rig Exercises - Student Section
API Tubing — Pages 102 and 103
1. What is the collapse resistance (100%) of
1.25-in. T&C non-upset 2.30 lb./ft. N-80
tubing?

2. You are attempting to pull a seal assembly

from a permanent set packer at 12,000 ft.
The tubing is 2⅞ in. 6.5 lb./ft. N-80 T&C upset.
You do not want to exceed 80% of joint yield
strength. How much can you pull?

3. What is the I.D. of 3.5 in. J-55 nominal 10.2

lb./ft. non-upset tubing?

87
Student Section - Rig Exercises
Premium Connection Tubing — Pages 103
and 104

1. What is the capacity (bbl./ft.) of 1.25-inch

O.D. 3.02 lb./ft. L-80 CS hydril tubing?

2. What is the drift of 1-inch CS hydril 2.25 lb./

ft. S-135 tubing?

3. What is the wall thickness of 2⅜ in. hydril

tubing with PH-6 connections 5.95 lb./ft.
N-80?

4. How many barrels of diesel would be required

to fill 10,500 ft. of 2⅞-inch hydril PH-6 7.9 lb./
ft. N-80 tubing through a circulating valve
prior to turning well over to production?

88
 Rig Exercises - Student Section
Coiled Tubing — Pages 105 and 106

1. What is the capacity in gals./ft. of 1.25-inch

O.D. coil tubing with a wall thickness of 0.175
inches?

2. If there is 5,000 ft. of 1.5-inch O.D. coil tubing

with a wall thickness of 0.116 in. on a reel,
how many bbl. would it take to fill the eel?

3. What is the I.D. of 2-inch specified coil tubing

with a nominal weight of 2.677 lb./ft.?

4. What is the steel displacement (bbl./ft.) of

500 ft. of 3.5-inch O.D., 7.857 lb./ft. nominal
weight coil tubing?

Coiled Tubing Stretch Table — Page 107

5. Determine minimum length of free coil

tubing being stretched when 11,000 ft. of
1.75-in. O.D. (with a specified wall thickness
of 0.175 inches) stretches 22 inches.

89
Student Section - Rig Exercises
Electric Line — Page 109

1. What is the breaking strength of 3/16 in. 1-H-

181A cable type?

2. What is the maximum operating temperature

that a 7/16 inch 7-H-422-A electric line can
be used in?

90
 Rig Exercises - Student Section
Field Units to Metric Conversion — Page 110

1. Convert 10,000 ft. MD. to meters.

Metric to Field Units Conversion — Page 110

1. Convert 300 meters to feet.

2. Convert 50 bars to psi.

Formulas and Calculations — Pages 111 - 113

1. What is the capacity in bbl./ft. of 9⅝-inch

casing with a 8.535-inch I.D.?

2. What is the total volume of a cylindrical

production tank 20 ft. in diameter × 20 ft. in
height?

91
Student Section - Rig Exercises
Bullhead, Kick Sheet and Kill Sheet — Pages
114 - 115

1. Calculate kill weight mud for the following:

SIDPP=300 psi.
SICP=485 psi.
Present mud weight 10 ppg.
TVD 10,000 ft.
Annular capacity .0238 bbl./ft.
Kick volume 10 bbl.

2. Using the information in #1, what is the kick

length?

3. Using the information in #1, what is the kick

density?

92
 Rig Exercises - Student Section
Pump Exercises — Page 116 -120

1. A well is shut-in with 300 psi. on drill pipe and

500 psi. on casing. Present mud weight in
wellbore is 10 ppg. mud. In a 2-hour period,
drill pipe and casing have increased 100 psi.
What is migration rate in ft./min.?

2. Drill pipe capacity is 50 bbl. and annular

capacity is 225 bbl. Pump output is 0.123
bbl./stk. How many strokes will be required
to pump a complete circulation? (surface to
surface)

93
 TABLES AND CHARTS

Petroleum
Conversions
Formulas
Calculations
Pump Exercises

Use this section to answer questions in the petroleum portion of this book.

95
Open Hole and Rules of Thumb - Tables and Charts
Figure 50. Figure 51.
Capacity of Open Hole Rules of Thumb

CAPACITY OF OPEN HOLE

RULES OF THUMB
Hole Size Hole Size
Inches BBLS/FT Inches BBLS/FT 1. Area of circle = Diameter squared x .7854

2. Circumference of a circle = π x diameter

3 3/4 0.01366 9 5/8 0.08999
3. Diameter of a circle = Circumference ÷ π
3 7/8 0.01458 9 7/8 0.09473 4. Force per square inch of weight it takes for a
tool string to fall, neglecting friction
4 1/8 0.01652 10 5/8 0.10966 Force = Area in square inches x pressure in psi.

4 1/4 0.01754 11 0.11754 5. Weight per foot of round bar stock or stem =
Diameter squared x 8 ÷ 3
4 1/2 0.01967 12 0.13988
6. To find fillup volume of pipe: inside diameter
4 5/8 0.02077 12 1/4 0.14577 squared equals barrels per 1,000 feet
(ID2 = bbls/1000 feet)
4 3/4 0.02191 14 3/4 0.21134
7. To convert API gravity to specific gravity:
5 7/8 0.03352 15 0.21857 141.5
= S.G.
131.5 + degrees API
6 0.03497 17 1/2 0.29750
8. To convert specific gravity to gradient per foot:
6 1/8 0.03644 18 0.31474 S.G. x 0.433 gradient

9. Wireline will fall back approximately one foot

6 1/4 0.03794 18 1/2 0.33247 for every 100 feet of wireline in hole
(disregarding variables).
6 1/2 0.04104 19 0.35082
10. Area of wireline:
6 5/8 0.04263 19 1/2 0.36938 (0.072 = 0.0040) (0.082 = 0.0052)
(0.092 = 0.0066) (0.105 = 0.0087)
6 3/4 0.04426 20 0.38857 (0.108 = 0.0092) (0.125 = 0.0123)

11. Twice the strokes is approximately 4 times

7 7/8 0.06024 20 1/2 0.40824
the pressure
8 3/8 0.06813 21 0.42840 12. Adjusted pipe weight in lbs/ft x 0.03638 =
bbls/100 ft displacement
8 1/2 0.07018 21 1/2 0.44904
13. Steel weighs 490 lbs/cu ft.
8 5/8 0.07226 22 0.47017
14. Pipe weight x 0.002 x depth ÷ 5.6 = bbls to fill hole

8 3/4 0.07437 22 1/2 0.49179 15. Volume increase when weighting up:
100 sacks of barite mixed ÷ 15 = bbls increase

16. In 10-12 ppg mud, 60 sacks of barite increases

(Hole Size In2) ÷ 1029.4 = Bbl/Ft 100 bbls by 1ppg

96
 Tables and Charts - Drill Pipe
DRILL PIPE TABLES – RANGE II

Pipe Nom. Wall Pipe Plain Upset Pipe End Pipe End API Tool Joint Joint *With Tool Joint Without Tool Joint
Size Wt. Thick. Dia. End Wt. Wt. Dia. Dia. Designation OD ID Length Weight Weight Capacity Displ. Capacity Displ.
In Lb/Ft T ID Lb/Ft Lb ID OD In In Ft Lb Lb/Jt Bbls/Ft Bbls/Ft Bbls/Ft Bbls/Ft
EXTERNAL UPSET – GRADE E
2 7/8 10.40 0.362 2.151 9.72 2.40 2.151 3.219 OH 3.875 2.156 1.29 34.99 335.48 0.00451 0.00389 0.00449 0.00353
3 1/2 13.30 0.368 2.764 12.31 4.00 2.602 3.824 NC38(IF) 4.750 2.688 1.54 61.10 444.47 0.00741 0.00515 0.00742 0.00448
3 1/2 15.50 0.449 2.602 14.63 2.80 2.602 3.824 NC38(IF) 5.000 2.563 1.59 74.82 523.85 0.00658 0.00606 0.00658 0.00532
INTERNAL EXTERNAL UPSET – GRADE X
5 19.50 0.362 4.276 17.93 16.80 3.653 5.188 NC50(EH) 6.375 3.500 1.65 120.23 677.25 0.01745 0.00784 0.01776 0.00652
EXTERNAL UPSET – GRADE G
4 14.00 0.330 3.340 12.93 14.40 3.063 4.625 NC46(IF) 6.000 3.250 1.70 108.76 506.52 0.01082 0.00587 0.01084 0.00471
4 1/2 16.60 0.337 3.826 14.98 17.20 3.563 5.188 NC50(IF) 6.375 3.750 1.67 113.10 572.36 0.01421 0.00663 0.01422 0.00545
INTERNAL EXTERNAL UPSET – GRADE G
4 1/2 20.00 0.430 3.640 18.69 17.60 2.813 4.250 NC46(EH) 6.250 2.500 1.71 142.46 717.57 0.01252 0.00830 0.01287 0.00680
5 19.50 0.362 4.276 17.93 16.80 3.563 5.188 NC50(IF) 6.625 2.750 1.70 157.37 715.68 0.01719 0.00827 0.01776 0.00652
5 25.60 0.500 4.000 24.03 15.40 3.313 5.188 5 1/2FH 7.250 3.250 1.82 188.17 928.62 0.01523 0.01075 0.01554 0.00874
5 25.60 0.500 4.000 24.03 15.40 3.313 5.188 5 1/2FH 7.250 3.500 1.82 179.97 920.12 0.01535 0.01066 0.01554 0.00874
5 1/2 21.90 0.361 4.778 19.81 21.00 3.813 5.563 5 1/2FH 7.250 3.500 1.79 184.41 798.53 0.02162 0.00925 0.02218 0.00721
INTERNAL EXTERNAL UPSET – GRADE S
5 1/2 21.90 0.361 4.778 19.81 21.00 3.813 5.563 HT 55 7.000 4.000 2.33 199.19 799.47 0.02172 0.00925 0.02218 0.00721
5 1/2 24.70 0.415 4.670 22.54 18.40 3.813 5.563 HT 55 7.000 3.750 2.31 210.15 900.59 0.02067 0.01042 0.02119 0.00820
6 5/8 25.20 0.330 5.965 22.19 25.87 5.315 6.929 HT 65 8.000 5.000 2.35 240.81 930.83 0.03385 0.01078 0.03456 0.00807
6 5/8 27.70 0.362 5.901 24.21 24.00 5.315 6.929 HT 65 8.000 4.750 2.39 284.15 1031.31 0.03297 0.01194 0.03383 0.00881
Figure 52. Drill Pipe

Figure 53. Hevi-Wate Drill Pipe

HEVI-WATE DRILL PIPE

TUBE TOOL JOINT APPROX. WEIGHT CAPACITY DISPLACEMENT
Nominal Tube Dimension TUBE & JOINTS (lb)

Nominal Inside Wall Connection Outside Inside Weight/ Makeup BBL BBL BBL BBL
Size Diameter Thickness Size Diameter Diameter Weight Joint Torque per per per per
IN IN IN IN IN IN FT 30 FT (FT-LB) Joint FT Joint FT

3 1/2 2 1/16 0.719 NC 38 (3 1/2 IF) 4 3/4 2 3/16 25.3 760 9,900 0.126 0.0042 0.276 0.0092

3 1/2 2 1/4 0.625 NC 38 (3 1/2 IF) 4 3/4 2 3/8 23.2 695 9,900 0.150 0.0050 0.253 0.0084

4 2 9/16 0.719 NC 40 (4 FH) 5 1/4 2 11/16 27.2 815 13,250 0.219 0.0073 0.300 0.0100

4 1/2 2 3/4 0.875 NC 46 (4 IF) 6 1/4 2 7/8 41.0 1,230 21,800 0.223 0.0074 0.448 0.0149

5 3 1.000 NC 50 (4 1/2 IF) 6 5/8 3 1/16 49.3 1,480 29,400 0.265 0.0088 0.539 0.0179

5 1/2 3 3/8 1.063 5 1/2 FH 7 3 1/2 57.0 1,880 33,200 0.335 0.0111 0.630 0.0210

6 5/8 4 1/2 1.063 6 5/8 FH 8 4 1/2 70.8 2,290 46,900 0.590 0.0196 0.780 0.0260
* FIGURES ARE BASED ON 30' JOINTS

97
Drill Collars - Tables and Charts

DRILL COLLAR CAPACITY & DISPLACEMENT

ID 1 1/2" 1 3/4" 2" 2 1/4" 2 1/2" 2 3/4" 3" 3 1/4" 3 1/2" 3 3/4" 4" 4 1/4"
OD Capacity 0.0022 0.0030 0.0039 0.0049 0.0061 0.0073 0.0087 0.0103 0.0119 0.0137 0.0155 0.0175
4" Wt Lb/Ft 36.7 34.5 32.0 29.2 - - - - - - - -
Disp Bbl/Ft 0.0133 0.0125 0.0116 0.0106 - - - - -
4 1/4" Wt Lb/Ft 42.2 40.0 37.5 34.7 - - - - Spiral Drill Collars -
Disp Bbl/Ft 0.0153 0.0145 0.0136 0.0126 - - - - -
4 1/2" Wt Lb/Ft 48.1 45.9 43.4 40.6 - - - - Approx. Displacement of -
Disp Bbl/Ft 0.0175 0.0167 0.0158 0.0148 - - - - Spiral Drill Collar in -
4 3/4" Wt Lb/Ft 54.3 52.1 49.6 46.8 43.6 - - - BBLS/FT -
Disp Bbl/Ft 0.0197 0.0189 0.0181 0.0170 0.0159 - - - -
5" Wt Lb/Ft 60.8 58.6 56.1 53.3 50.1 - - - [ ( OD2 - ID2 ) X 2.56 ] ÷ 2747 -
Disp Bbl/Ft 0.0221 0.0213 0.0204 0.0194 0.0182 - - - -
5 1/4" Wt Lb/Ft 67.6 65.4 62.9 60.1 56.9 53.4 - - - - - -
Disp Bbl/Ft 0.0246 0.0238 0.0229 0.0219 0.0207 0.0194 - - - - - -
5 1/2" Wt Lb/Ft 74.8 72.6 70.1 67.3 64.1 60.6 56.8 - - - - -
Disp Bbl/Ft 0.0272 0.0264 0.0255 0.0245 0.0233 0.0221 0.0207 - - - - -
5 3/4" Wt Lb/Ft 82.3 80.1 77.6 74.8 71.6 68.1 64.3 - - - - -
Disp Bbl/Ft 0.0299 0.0291 0.0282 0.0272 0.0261 0.0248 0.0234 - - - - -
6" Wt Lb/Ft 90.1 87.9 85.4 82.6 79.4 75.9 72.1 67.9 63.4 - - -
Disp Bbl/Ft 0.0328 0.0320 0.0311 0.0301 0.0289 0.0276 0.0262 0.0247 0.0231 - - -
6 1/4" Wt Lb/Ft 98.0 95.8 93.3 90.5 87.3 83.8 80.0 75.8 71.3 - - -
Disp Bbl/Ft 0.0356 0.0349 0.0339 0.0329 0.0318 0.0305 0.0291 0.0276 0.0259 - - -
6 1/2" Wt Lb/Ft 107.0 104.8 102.3 99.5 96.3 92.8 89.0 84.8 80.3 - - -
Disp Bbl/Ft 0.0389 0.0381 0.0372 0.0362 0.0350 0.0338 0.0324 0.0308 0.0292 - - -

Figure 54 . Spiral Drill Collar Displacement

Figure 55. Drill Collars

DRILL COLLAR CAPACITY & DISPLACEMENT

ID 1 1/2" 1 3/4" 2" 2 1/4" 2 1/2" 2 3/4" 3" 3 1/4" 3 1/2" 3 3/4" 4" 4 1/4"
OD Capacity 0.0022 0.0030 0.0039 0.0049 0.0061 0.0073 0.0087 0.0103 0.0119 0.0137 0.0155 0.0175
6 3/4" Wt Lb/Ft 116.0 113.8 111.3 108.5 105.3 101.8 98.0 93.8 89.3 - - -
Disp Bbl/Ft 0.0422 0.0414 0.0405 0.0395 0.0383 0.0370 0.0356 0.0341 0.0325 - - -
7" Wt Lb/Ft 125.0 122.8 120.3 117.5 114.3 110.8 107.0 102.8 98.3 93.4 88.3 -
Disp Bbl/Ft 0.0455 0.0447 0.0438 0.0427 0.0416 0.0403 0.0389 0.0374 0.0358 0.0340 0.0321 -
7 1/4" Wt Lb/Ft 134.0 131.8 129.3 126.5 123.3 119.8 116.0 111.8 107.3 102.4 97.3 -
Disp Bbl/Ft 0.0487 0.0479 0.0470 0.0460 0.0449 0.0436 0.0422 0.0407 0.0390 0.0372 0.0354 -
7 1/2" Wt Lb/Ft 144.0 141.8 139.3 136.5 133.3 129.8 126.0 121.8 117.3 112.4 107.3 -
Disp Bbl/Ft 0.0524 0.0516 0.0507 0.0497 0.0485 0.0472 0.0458 0.0443 0.0427 0.0409 0.0390 -
7 3/4" Wt Lb/Ft 154.0 151.8 149.3 146.5 143.3 139.8 136.0 131.8 127.3 122.4 117.3 -
Disp Bbl/Ft 0.0560 0.0552 0.0543 0.0533 0.0521 0.0509 0.0495 0.0479 0.0463 0.0445 0.0427 -
8" Wt Lb/Ft 165.0 162.8 160.3 157.5 154.3 150.8 147.0 142.8 138.3 133.4 123.3 122.8
Disp Bbl/Ft 0.0600 0.0592 0.0583 0.0573 0.0561 0.0549 0.0535 0.0520 0.0503 0.0485 0.0467 0.0447
8 1/4" Wt Lb/Ft 176.0 173.8 171.3 168.5 165.3 161.8 158.0 153.8 149.3 144.4 139.3 133.8
Disp Bbl/Ft 0.0640 0.0632 0.0623 0.0613 0.0601 0.0589 0.0575 0.0560 0.0543 0.0525 0.0507 0.0487
8 1/2" Wt Lb/Ft 187.0 184.8 182.3 179.5 176.3 172.8 169.0 164.8 160.3 155.4 150.3 144.8
Disp Bbl/Ft 0.0680 0.0672 0.0663 0.0653 0.0641 0.0629 0.0615 0.0600 0.0583 0.0565 0.0547 0.0527
8 3/4" Wt Lb/Ft 199.0 196.8 194.3 191.5 188.3 184.8 181.0 176.8 172.3 167.4 162.3 156.8
Disp Bbl/Ft 0.0724 0.0716 0.0707 0.0697 0.0685 0.0672 0.0658 0.0643 0.0697 0.0609 0.0590 0.0570
9" Wt Lb/Ft 210.2 208.0 205.6 202.7 199.6 196.0 192.2 188.0 183.5 178.7 173.5 168.0
Disp Bbl/Ft 0.0765 0.0757 0.0748 0.0738 0.0726 0.0714 0.0700 0.0685 0.0668 0.0651 0.0632 0.0612
10" Wt Lb/Ft 260.9 258.8 256.3 253.4 250.3 246.8 242.9 238.8 234.3 229.4 224.2 218.7
Disp Bbl/Ft 0.0950 0.0942 0.0933 0.0923 0.0911 0.0898 0.0884 0.0869 0.0853 0.0835 0.0816 0.0796

98
 Tables and Charts - I.D. and O.D. Conversion Charts
Figure 56. Figure 57.
OD Wt/Ft w/ ID Capacity Disp. Capacity OD Wt/Ft w/ ID Capacity Disp. Capacity
Inches Couplings (Inches) Bbl/Ft Bbl/Ft plus Disp. Inches Couplings (Inches) Bbl/Ft Bbl/Ft plus Disp.

4 1/2 9.50 4.090 0.01625 0.00346 0.01971 8 5/8 32.00 7.921 0.06095 0.01164 0.07259
4 1/2 10.50 4.052 0.01595 0.00382 0.01977 8 5/8 36.00 7.825 0.05948 0.01310 0.07258
4 1/2 11.60 4.000 0.01554 0.00422 0.01976 8 5/8 40.00 7.725 0.05797 0.01455 0.07252
4 1/2 13.50 3.920 0.01493 0.00491 0.01984 8 5/8 44.00 7.625 0.05648 0.01601 0.07249
4 1/2 15.10 3.826 0.01422 0.00549 0.01971 8 5/8 49.00 7.511 0.05480 0.01783 0.07263
5 11.50 4.560 0.02020 0.00418 0.02438 9 40.00 8.150 0.06453 0.01455 0.07908
5 13.00 4.494 0.01962 0.00473 0.02435 9 5/8 32.30 9.001 0.07870 0.01175 0.09045
5 15.00 4.408 0.01888 0.00546 0.02434 9 5/8 36.00 8.921 0.07731 0.01310 0.09041
5 18.00 4.276 0.01776 0.00655 0.02431 9 5/8 40.00 8.835 0.07583 0.01455 0.09038
5 1/2 14.00 5.012 0.02440 0.00509 0.02949 9 5/8 43.50 8.755 0.07446 0.01583 0.09029
5 1/2 15.50 4.950 0.02380 0.00564 0.02944 9 5/8 47.00 8.681 0.07321 0.01710 0.09031
5 1/2 17.00 4.892 0.02325 0.00619 0.02944
9 5/8 53.50 8.535 0.07077 0.01946 0.09023
10 33.00 9.384 0.08554 0.01201 0.09755
5 1/2 20.00 4.778 0.02218 0.00728 0.02946
10 3/4 32.75 10.192 0.10091 0.01192 0.11283
5 1/2 23.00 4.670 0.02119 0.00837 0.02956
10 3/4 40.50 10.050 0.09812 0.01473 0.11285
6 18.00 5.424 0.02858 0.00655 0.03513
10 3/4 45.50 9.950 0.09617 0.01655 0.11272
6 5/8 24.00 5.921 0.03406 0.00873 0.04279
10 3/4 51.00 9.850 0.09425 0.01856 0.11281
6 5/8 28.00 5.791 0.03258 0.01019 0.04277
10 3/4 55.50 9.760 0.09254 0.02019 0.11273
6 5/8 32.00 5.675 0.03129 0.01164 0.04293
11 3/4 42.00 11.084 0.11935 0.01528 0.13463
7 17.00 6.538 0.04152 0.00619 0.04771
11 3/4 47.00 11.000 0.11754 0.01710 0.13464
7 20.00 6.456 0.04049 0.00728 0.04777
11 3/4 54.00 10.880 0.11499 0.01965 0.13464
7 23.00 6.366 0.03937 0.00837 0.04774
11 3/4 60.00 10.772 0.11272 0.02183 0.13455
7 26.00 6.276 0.03826 0.00946 0.04772
12 40.00 11.384 0.12589 0.01455 0.14044
7 29.00 6.184 0.03715 0.01055 0.04770
13 45.00 12.360 0.14841 0.01637 0.16478
7 32.00 6.094 0.03608 0.01164 0.04772
13 3/8 48.00 12.715 0.15705 0.01746 0.17451
7 35.00 6.004 0.03502 0.01273 0.04775
13 3/8 54.50 12.615 0.15459 0.01983 0.17442
7 38.00 5.920 0.03405 0.01383 0.04788 13 3/8 61.00 12.515 0.15215 0.02219 0.17434
7 5/8 24.00 7.025 0.04794 0.00873 0.05667 13 3/8 68.00 12.415 0.14973 0.02474 0.17447
7 5/8 26.40 6.969 0.04718 0.00960 0.05678 13 3/8 72.00 12.347 0.14809 0.02620 0.17429
7 5/8 29.70 6.875 0.04592 0.01081 0.05673 16 65.00 15.250 0.22592 0.02365 0.24957
7 5/8 33.70 6.765 0.04446 0.01226 0.05672 16 75.00 15.124 0.22220 0.02729 0.24949
7 5/8 39.00 6.624 0.04262 0.01419 0.05681 16 84.00 15.010 0.21887 0.03056 0.24943
8 26.00 7.386 0.05299 0.00946 0.06245 20 94.00 19.124 0.35528 0.03420 0.38948
8 1/8 35.00 7.285 0.05156 0.01273 0.06429 20 106.50 19.000 0.35069 0.03875 0.38944
8 5/8 28.00 8.017 0.06244 0.01019 0.07263 20 133.00 18.730 0.34079 0.04839 0.38918

99
Mud Weight and Duplex Pumps - Tables and Charts
MUD WEIGHT ADJUSTMENT WITH BARITE OR WATER
Initial Mud Desired Mud Weight (PPG)
Wt (PPG) 9.5 10.0 10.5 11.0 11.5 12.0 12.5 13.0 13.5 14.0 14.5 15.0 15.5 16.0 16.5 17.0 17.5 18.0
9 2.9 59 90 123 156 192 229 268 308 350 395 442 490 542 596 653 714 778
9.5 29 60 92 125 160 196 234 273 315 359 405 452 503 557 612 672 735
10 43 30 61 93 128 164 201 239 280 323 368 414 464 516 571 630 691
10.5 85 30 31 62 96 131 167 205 245 287 331 376 426 479 531 588 648
11 128 60 23 31 64 98 134 171 210 251 294 339 387 437 490 546 605
11.5 171 90 46 19 32 66 101 137 175 215 258 301 348 397 449 504 562
12 214 120 69 37 16 33 67 103 140 179 221 263 310 357 408 462 518
12.5 256 150 92 56 32 14 34 68 105 144 184 226 271 318 367 420 475
13 299 180 115 75 48 27 12 34 70 108 147 188 232 278 327 378 432
13.5 342 210 138 94 63 41 24 11 35 72 111 150 194 238 286 336 389
14 385 240 161 112 76 54 36 21 10 36 74 113 155 199 245 294 345
14.5 427 270 185 131 95 68 48 32 19 9 37 75 116 159 204 252 302
15 470 300 208 150 110 82 60 43 29 18 8 37 77 119 163 210 259
15.5 513 330 231 169 126 95 72 54 39 26 16 8 39 79 122 168 216
16 556 360 254 187 142 109 84 64 48 35 24 15 7 40 81 126 172
16.5 598 390 277 206 158 123 96 75 58 44 32 23 14 7 41 84 129
17 641 420 300 225 174 136 108 86 68 53 40 30 21 13 6 42 86
17.5 684 450 323 244 189 150 120 96 77 62 49 38 28 20 12 6 43
18 726 480 346 262 205 163 132 107 87 71 57 45 35 26 18 12 5
Dilution or Cut Back: Mud Weight Increase:
The lower blue section of the chart shows the number of barrels of water The upper orange section of the chart shows the number of (100lb) sacks of barite which must
which must be added to 100 barrels of mud to produce desired weight REDUCTIONS. be added to 100 barrels of mud to produce desired weight INCREASES.

Figure 58. Mud Weight Adjustments

Figure 59. Duplex Pumps

DUPLEX DOUBLE ACTING PUMP CAPACITIES PER CYCLE @ 100% EFFICIENCY (RODS DEDUCTED)
Liner Stroke 8" 10" 12" 14" 14" 15" 16" 16" 16" 16" 16" 16" 18" 18" 18" 18" 18" 20"
Dia. Rod Dia. 1 3/4" 1 3/4" 2" 2" 3 2/5" 2 1/4" 2 1/4" 2 3/4" 3 1/8" 3 1/4" 3 2/5" 3 9/10" 2 1/2" 3 1/4" 3 3/4" 4 1/4" 5" 2 1/2"
4" Bbls/Stk 0.0375 0.0469 0.0544 0.0635 0.0463 0.0654 0.0698 0.0633 0.0576 0.0555 0.0529 0.0435 0.0750 0.0625 0.0523 0.0406 0.0204 0.0834
4 1/4" Bbls/Stk 0.0428 0.0535 0.0624 0.0728 0.0557 0.0754 0.0805 0.0740 0.0683 0.0662 0.0636 0.0542 0.0871 0.0745 0.0643 0.0526 0.0324 0.0967
4 1/2" Bbls/Stk 0.0485 0.0606 0.0709 0.0827 0.0656 0.0861 0.0918 0.0853 0.0796 0.0776 0.0750 0.0655 0.0998 0.0872 0.0770 0.0654 0.0452 0.1109

4 3/4" Bbls/Stk 0.0545 0.0681 0.0799 0.0932 0.0761 0.0973 0.1038 0.0973 0.0916 0.0895 0.0870 0.0775 0.1133 0.1007 0.0905 0.0789 0.0587 0.1259

5" Bbls/Stk 0.0608 0.0760 0.0894 0.1043 0.0871 0.1091 0.1164 0.1099 0.1042 0.1022 0.0996 0.0901 0.1275 0.1149 0.1047 0.0931 0.0729 0.1417
5 1/4" Bbls/Stk 0.0674 0.0843 0.0993 0.1159 0.0987 0.1216 0.1297 0.1232 0.1175 0.1154 0.1129 0.1034 0.1424 0.1299 0.1197 0.1080 0.0878 0.1583
5 1/2" Bbls/Stk 0.0744 0.0930 0.1098 0.1281 0.1109 0.1346 0.1436 0.1371 0.1314 0.1294 0.1268 0.1173 0.1581 0.1455 0.1353 0.1237 0.1035 0.1757
5 3/4" Bbls/Stk 0.0817 0.1021 0.1207 0.1408 0.1237 0.1483 0.1582 0.1517 0.1460 0.1439 0.1414 0.1319 0.1745 0.1619 0.1517 0.1401 0.1199 0.1939
6" Bbls/Stk 0.0893 0.1116 0.1321 0.1541 0.1370 0.1626 0.1734 0.1669 0.1612 0.1592 0.1566 0.1471 0.1916 0.1790 0.1688 0.1572 0.1370 0.2129
6 1/4" Bbls/Stk 0.0972 0.1215 0.1440 0.1680 0.1509 0.1774 0.1893 0.1828 0.1771 0.1750 0.1724 0.1630 0.2095 0.1969 0.1867 0.1750 0.1548 0.2327

6 1/2" Bbls/Stk 0.1055 0.1319 0.1564 0.1825 0.1653 0.1929 0.2058 0.1993 0.1936 0.1915 0.1890 0.1795 0.2280 0.2155 0.2053 0.1936 0.1734 0.2534

6 3/4" Bbls/Stk 0.1141 0.1426 0.1693 0.1975 0.1803 0.2090 0.2229 0.2165 0.2108 0.2087 0.2061 0.1967 .02474 0.2348 0.2246 0.2129 0.1927 0.2748

7" Bbls/Stk 0.1230 0.1537 0.1826 0.2131 0.1959 0.2257 0.2408 0.2343 0.2286 0.2265 0.2239 0.2145 0.2674 0.2548 0.2446 0.2330 0.2127 0.2971

7 1/4" Bbls/Stk 0.1322 0.1652 0.1965 0.2292 0.2121 0.2430 0.2592 0.2527 0.2470 0.2450 0.2424 0.2329 0.2882 0.2756 0.2654 0.2537 0.2335 0.3202
7 1/2" Bbls/Stk 0.1417 0.1772 0.2108 0.2459 0.2288 0.2609 0.2783 0.2718 0.2661 0.2641 0.2615 0.2520 0.3096 0.2971 0.2869 0.2752 0.2550 0.3441

7 3/4" Bbls/Stk 0.1516 0.1895 0.2256 0.2632 0.2461 0.2794 0.2981 0.2916 0.2859 0.2838 0.2812 0.2718 0.3319 0.3193 0.3091 0.2974 0.2772 0.3687

100
 Tables and Charts - Triplex Pumps
TRIPLEX PUMP OUTPUT at 100% EFFICIENCY
Linear STROKE LENGTH INCHES
Diameter 2 2 1/2 3 4 5 6 7 7 1/2 8 8 1/2 9 9 1/2 10 11 12 Units
1" 0.0005 0.0006 0.0007 0.0010 0.0012 0.0015 0.0017 0.0018 0.0019 0.0021 0.0022 0.0023 0.0024 0.0027 0.0029 BBLS/STK
0.0204 0.0255 0.0306 0.0408 0.0510 0.0612 0.0714 0.0765 0.0816 0.0868 0.0919 0.0970 0.1021 0.1123 0.1225 Gal/STK
1 3/8" 0.0009 0.0011 0.0014 0.0018 0.0023 0.0028 0.0032 0.0034 0.0037 0.0039 0.0041 0.0044 0.0046 0.0051 0.0055 BBLS/STK
0.0386 0.0482 0.0579 0.0772 0.0965 0.1158 0.1351 0.1447 0.1544 0.1640 0.1737 0.1833 0.1930 0.2123 0.2315 Gal/STK
1 1/2" 0.0011 0.0014 0.0016 0.0022 0.0027 0.0033 0.0038 0.0041 0.0044 0.0046 0.0049 0.0052 0.0055 0.0060 0.0066 BBLS/STK
0.0459 0.0574 0.0689 0.0919 0.1148 0.1378 0.1607 0.1722 0.1837 0.1952 0.2067 0.2182 0.2296 0.2526 0.2756 Gal/STK
1 5/8" 0.0013 0.0016 0.0019 0.0026 0.0032 0.0039 0.0045 0.0048 0.0051 0.0055 0.0058 0.0061 0.0064 0.0071 0.0077 BBLS/STK
0.0539 0.0674 0.0809 0.1078 0.1348 0.1617 0.1887 0.2021 0.2156 0.2291 0.2426 0.2560 0.2695 0.2965 0.3234 Gal/STK
1 3/4" 0.0015 0.0019 0.0022 0.0030 0.0037 0.0045 0.0052 0.0056 0.0060 0.0063 0.0067 0.0071 0.0074 0.0082 0.0089 BBLS/STK
0.0625 0.0781 0.0938 0.1250 0.1563 0.1875 0.2188 0.2344 0.2500 0.2657 0.2813 0.2969 0.3126 0.3438 0.3751 Gal/STK
2" 0.0019 0.0024 0.0029 0.0039 0.0049 0.0058 0.0068 0.0073 0.0078 0.0083 0.0087 0.0092 0.0097 0.0107 0.0117 BBLS/STK
0.0816 0.1021 0.1225 0.1633 0.2041 0.2449 0.2858 0.3062 0.3266 0.3470 0.3674 0.3878 0.4082 0.4491 0.4899 Gal/STK
2 1/4" 0.0025 0.0031 0.0037 0.0049 0.0062 0.0074 0.0086 0.0092 0.0098 0.0105 0.0111 0.0117 0.0123 0.0135 0.0148 BBLS/STK
0.1033 0.1292 0.1550 0.2067 0.2583 0.3100 0.3617 0.3875 0.4133 0.4392 0.4650 0.4908 0.5167 0.5683 0.6200 Gal/STK
2 1/2" 0.0030 0.0038 0.0046 0.0061 0.0076 0.0091 0.0106 0.0114 0.0122 0.0129 0.0137 0.0144 0.0152 0.0167 0.0182 BBLS/STK
0.1276 0.1595 0.1914 0.2552 0.3189 0.3827 0.4465 0.4784 0.5103 0.5422 0.5741 0.6060 0.6379 0.7017 0.7655 Gal/STK
2 3/4" 0.0037 0.0046 0.0055 0.0074 0.0092 0.0110 0.0129 0.0138 0.0147 0.0156 0.0165 0.0175 0.0184 0.0202 0.0221 BBLS/STK
0.1544 0.1930 0.2315 0.3087 0.3859 0.4631 0.5403 0.5789 0.6175 0.6561 0.6946 0.7332 0.7718 0.8490 0.9262 Gal/STK
3" 0.0044 0.0055 0.0066 0.0087 0.0109 0.0131 0.0153 0.0164 0.0175 0.0186 0.0197 0.0208 0.0219 0.0241 0.0262 BBLS/STK
0.1837 0.2296 0.2756 0.3674 0.4593 0.5511 0.6430 0.6889 0.7348 0.7808 0.8267 0.8726 0.9185 1.0104 1.1022 Gal/STK
3 1/4" 0.0051 0.0064 0.0077 0.0103 0.0128 0.0154 0.0180 0.0193 0.0205 0.0218 0.0231 0.0244 0.0257 0.0282 0.0308 BBLS/STK
0.2156 0.2695 0.3234 0.4312 0.5390 0.6468 0.7546 0.8085 0.8624 0.9163 0.9702 1.0241 1.0780 1.1858 1.2936 Gal/STK
3 1/2" 0.0060 0.0074 0.0089 0.0119 0.0149 0.0179 0.0208 0.0223 0.0238 0.0253 0.0268 0.0283 0.0298 0.0327 0.0357 BBLS/STK
0.2500 0.3126 0.3751 0.5001 0.6251 0.7501 0.8752 0.9377 1.0002 1.0627 1.1252 1.1877 1.2502 1.3753 1.5003 Gal/STK
3 3/4" 0.0068 0.0085 0.0103 0.0137 0.0171 0.0205 0.0239 0.0256 0.0273 0.0290 0.0308 0.0325 0.0342 0.0376 0.0410 BBLS/STK
0.2870 0.3588 0.4306 0.5741 0.7176 0.8611 1.0047 1.0764 1.1482 1.2199 1.2917 1.3635 1.4352 1.5787 1.7223 Gal/STK

Figure 60. Triplex Pumps

Figure 61. Triplex Pumps

TRIPLEX PUMP OUTPUT at 100% EFFICIENCY

Liner STROKE LENGTH INCHES
Diameter 2 2 1/2 3 4 5 6 7 7 1/2 8 8 1/2 9 9 1/2 10 11 12 Units
4" 0.0078 0.0097 0.0117 0.0156 0.0194 0.0233 0.0272 0.0292 0.0311 0.0330 0.0350 0.0369 0.0389 0.0428 0.0467 BBLS/STK
0.3266 0.4082 0.4899 0.6532 0.8165 0.9798 1.1431 1.2247 1.3064 1.3880 1.4697 1.5513 1.6330 1.7963 1.9596 Gal/STK
4 1/4" 0.0088 0.0110 0.0132 0.0176 0.0219 0.0263 0.0307 0.0329 0.0351 0.0373 0.0395 0.0417 0.0439 0.0483 0.0527 BBLS/STK
0.3687 0.4609 0.5530 0.7374 0.9217 1.1061 1.2904 1.3826 1.4748 1.5669 1.6591 1.7513 1.8435 2.0278 2.2122 Gal/STK
4 1/2" 0.0098 0.0123 0.0148 0.0197 0.0246 0.0295 0.0344 0.0369 0.0394 0.0418 0.0443 0.0467 0.0492 0.0541 0.0590 BBLS/STK
0.4133 0.5167 0.6200 0.8267 1.0334 1.2400 1.4467 1.5500 1.6534 1.7567 1.8600 1.9634 2.0667 2.2734 2.4801 Gal/STK
4 3/4" 0.0110 0.0137 0.0164 0.0219 0.0274 0.0329 0.0384 0.0411 0.0439 0.0466 0.0493 0.0521 0.0548 0.0603 0.0658 BBLS/STK
0.4605 0.5757 0.6908 0.9211 1.1514 1.3816 1.6119 1.7270 1.8422 1.9573 2.0725 2.1876 2.3027 2.5330 2.7633 Gal/STK
5" 0.0122 0.0152 0.0182 0.0243 0.0304 0.0365 0.0425 0.0456 0.0486 0.0516 0.0547 0.0577 0.0608 0.0668 0.0729 BBLS/STK
0.5103 0.6379 0.7655 1.0206 1.2758 1.5309 1.7861 1.9136 2.0412 2.1688 2.2964 2.4239 2.5515 2.8067 3.0618 Gal/STK
5 1/4" 0.0134 0.0167 0.0201 0.0268 0.0335 0.0402 0.0469 0.0502 0.0536 0.0569 0.0603 0.0636 0.0670 0.0737 0.0804 BBLS/STK
0.5626 0.7033 0.8439 1.1252 1.4065 1.6878 1.9691 2.1098 2.2504 2.3911 2.5317 2.6724 2.8130 3.0943 3.3756 Gal/STK
5 1/2" 0.0147 0.0184 0.0221 0.0294 0.0368 0.0441 0.0515 0.0551 0.0588 0.0625 0.0662 0.0698 0.0735 0.0809 0.0882 BBLS/STK
0.6175 0.7718 0.9262 1.2349 1.5437 1.8524 2.1611 2.3155 2.4699 2.6242 2.7786 2.9329 3.0873 3.3960 3.7048 Gal/STK
5 3/4" 0.0161 0.0201 0.0241 0.0321 0.0402 0.0482 0.0562 0.0603 0.0643 0.0683 0.0723 0.0763 0.0803 0.0884 0.0964 BBLS/STK
0.6749 0.8436 1.0123 1.3497 1.6872 2.0246 2.3621 2.5308 2.6995 2.8682 3.0369 3.2056 3.3744 3.7118 4.0492 Gal/STK
6" 0.0175 0.0219 0.0262 0.0350 0.0437 0.0525 0.0612 0.0656 0.0700 0.0744 0.0787 0.0831 0.0875 0.0962 0.1050 BBLS/STK
0.7348 0.9185 1.1022 1.4697 1.8371 2.2045 2.5719 2.7556 2.9393 3.1230 3.3067 3.4905 3.6742 4.0416 4.4090 Gal/STK
6 1/4" 0.0190 0.0237 0.0285 0.0380 0.0475 0.0570 0.0664 0.0712 0.0759 0.0807 0.0854 0.0902 0.0949 0.1044 0.1139 BBLS/STK
0.7973 0.9967 1.1960 1.5947 1.9934 2.3920 2.7907 2.9900 3.1894 3.3887 3.5880 3.7874 3.9867 4.3854 4.7841 Gal/STK
6 1/2" 0.0205 0.0257 0.0308 0.0411 0.0513 0.0616 0.0719 0.0770 0.0821 0.0873 0.0924 0.0975 0.1027 0.1129 0.1232 BBLS/STK
0.8624 1.0780 1.2936 1.7248 2.1560 2.5872 3.0184 3.2340 3.4496 3.6652 3.8808 4.0964 4.3120 4.7432 5.1744 Gal/STK
6 3/4" 0.0221 0.0277 0.0332 0.0443 0.0554 0.0664 0.0775 0.0830 0.0886 0.0941 0.0996 0.1052 0.1107 0.1218 0.1329 BBLS/STK
0.9300 1.1625 1.3950 1.8600 2.3251 2.7901 3.2551 3.4876 3.7201 3.9526 4.1851 4.4176 4.6501 5.1151 5.5801 Gal/STK
7" 0.0238 0.0298 0.0357 0.0476 0.0595 0.0714 0.0833 0.0893 0.0953 0.1012 0.1072 0.1131 0.1191 0.1310 0.1429 BBLS/STK
1.0002 1.2502 1.5003 2.0004 2.5005 3.0006 3.5007 3.7507 4.0008 4.2508 4.5008 4.7509 5.0009 5.5010 6.0011 Gal/STK

101
API Tubing - Tables and Charts
API TUBING DATA
Tubing Size Normal Weight Threaded Coupling Joint Yield Strength Capacity Displacement
Wall Coupling Outside Dia. Internal
T&C T&C thick- Inside Drift Non- Upset Upset Colapse Yeild T & C T & C T&C T&C
Nominal OD Non-upset Upset ness Dia. Dia. upset Reg. Spec. Resistance Pressure Non-upset Upset Non-upset Upset
In In Lb/Ft Lb/Ft Grade In In In In In In PSI PSI Lb Lb Bbl/Ft Bbl/Ft Bbl/Ft
1.050 1.14 1.20 H-40 0.113 .824 .730 1.313 1.660 7.200 7.530 6.360 13.300 0.00066 0.00041 0.00044
1.050 1.14 1.20 J-55 0.113 .824 .730 1.313 1.660 9.370 10.360 8.740 18.290 0.00066 0.00041 0.00044
3/4 1.050 1.14 1.20 C-75 0.113 .824 .730 1.313 1.660 12.250 14.120 11.920 24.940 0.00066 0.00041 0.00044
1.050 1.14 1.20 N-80 0.113 .824 .730 1.313 1.660 12.970 15.070 12.710 26.610 0.00066 0.00041 0.00044
1.315 1.70 1.80 H-40 0.133 1.049 .955 1.660 1.900 6.820 7.080 10.960 19.760 0.00107 0.00062 0.00065
1.315 1.70 1.80 J-55 0.133 1.049 .955 1.660 1.900 8.860 9.730 15.060 27.160 0.00107 0.00062 0.00065
1 1.315 1.70 1.80 C-75 0.133 1.049 .955 1.660 1.900 11.590 13.270 20.540 37.040 0.00107 0.00062 0.00065
1.315 1.70 1.80 N-80 0.133 1.049 .955 1.660 1.900 12.270 14.160 21.910 39.510 0.00107 0.00062 0.00065
1.660 H-40 0.125 1.410 5.220 5.270 0.00193
1.660 2.30 2.40 H-40 0.140 1.380 1.286 2.054 2.200 5.790 5.900 15.530 26.740 0.00185 0.00084 0.00087
1.660 J-55 0.125 1.410 6.790 7.250 0.00193
1 1/4 1.660 2.30 2.40 J-55 0.140 1.380 1.286 2.054 2.200 7.530 8.120 21.360 36.770 0.00185 0.00084 0.00087
1.660 2.30 2.40 C-75 0.140 1.380 1.286 2.054 2.200 9.840 11.070 29.120 50.140 0.00185 0.00084 0.00087
1.660 2.30 2.40 N-80 0.140 1.380 1.286 2.054 2.200 10.420 11.810 31.060 53.480 0.00185 0.00084 0.00087
1.900 H-40 0.125 1.850 4.450 4.610 0.00332
1.900 2.75 2.90 H-40 0.145 1.610 1.516 2.200 2.500 5.290 5.340 19.090 31.980 0.00252 0.00100 0.00106
1.900 J-55 0.125 1.650 5.790 6.330 0.00264
1 1/2 1.900 2.75 2.90 J-55 0.145 1.610 1.516 2.200 2.500 6.870 7.350 26.250 43.970 0.00252 0.00100 0.00106
1.900 2.75 2.90 C-75 0.145 1.610 1.516 2.200 2.500 8.990 10.020 35.800 59.960 0.00252 0.00100 0.00106
1.900 2.75 2.90 N-80 0.145 1.610 1.516 2.200 2.500 9.520 10.680 38.130 63.950 0.00252 0.00100 0.00106
2.063 H-40 0.156 1.751 5.240 5.290 0.00298
2.063 J-55 0.156 1.751 6.820 7.280 0.00298
2 1/16 2.063 C-75 0.156 1.751 8.910 9.920 0.00298
2.063 N-80 0.156 1.751 9.440 10.590 0.00298
Figure 62. API Tubing

Figure 63. API Tubing

API TUBING DATA

Tubing Size Normal Weight Threaded Coupling Joint Yield Strength Capacity Displacement
Wall Coupling Outside Dia. Internal
T&C T&C thick- Inside Drift Non- Upset Upset Colapse Yeild T & C T & C T&C T&C
Nominal OD Non-upset Upset ness Dia. Dia. upset Reg. Spec. Resistance Pressure Non-upset Upset Non-upset Upset
In In Lb/Ft Lb/Ft Grade In In In In In In PSI PSI Lb Lb Bbl/Ft Bbl/Ft Bbl/Ft
2.375 4.00 H-40 .167 2.041 1.947 2.875 4.880 4.920 30.130 0.00405 0.00146
2.375 4.60 4.70 H-40 .190 1.995 1.901 2.875 3.063 2.910 5.520 5.600 35.960 52.170 0.00387 0.00167 0.00171
2.375 4.00 J-55 .167 2.041 1.947 2.875 6.340 6.770 41.430 0.00405 0.00146
2.375 4.60 4.70 J-55 .190 1.995 1.901 2.875 3.063 2.910 7.180 7.700 49.450 71.730 0.00387 0.00167 0.00171
2.375 4.00 C-75 .167 2.041 1.947 2.875 8.150 9.230 56.500 0.00405 0.00146
2.375 4.60 4.70 C-75 .190 1.995 1.901 2.875 3.063 2.910 9.380 10.500 67.430 97.820 0.00387 0.00167 0.00171
2 3/8 2.375
2.375
5.80
4.00
5.95 C-75
N-80
.254
.167
1.867
2.041
1.773
1.947
2.875
2.875
3.063 2.910 12.180
8.660
14.040
9.840
96.560
50.260
126.940 0.00339
0.00405
0.00211
0.00146
0.00216

2.375 4.60 4.70 N-80 .190 1.995 1.901 2.875 3.063 2.910 9.940 11.200 71.930 104.340 0.00387 0.00167 0.00171
2.375 5.80 5.95 N-80 .254 1.867 1.773 2.875 3.063 2.910 12.890 14.970 102.990 135.400 0.00339 0.00211 0.00216
2.375 4.60 4.70 P-105 .190 1.995 1.901 2.875 3.063 2.910 13.250 14.700 94.410 136.940 0.00387 0.00167 0.00171
2.375 5.80 5.95 P-105 .254 1.867 1.773 2.875 3.063 2.910 17.190 19.650 135.180 177.710 0.00339 0.00211 0.00216
2.875 6.40 6.50 H-40 .217 2.441 2.347 3.500 3.668 3.460 5.230 5.280 52.780 720.480 0.00579 0.00233 0.00236
2.875 6.40 6.50 J-55 .217 2.441 2.347 3.500 3.668 3.460 6.800 7.260 72.580 99.660 0.00579 0.00233 0.00236
2.875 6.40 6.50 C-75 .217 2.441 2.347 3.500 3.668 3.460 8.900 9.910 98.970 135.900 0.00579 0.00233 0.00236
2 7/8 2.875
2.875
8.60
6.40
8.70
6.50
C-75
N-80
.308
.217
2.259
2.441
2.165
2.347
3.500
3.500
3.668
3.668
3.460
3.460
12.200
9.420
14.060
10.570
149.360
105.570
185.290
144.960
0.00496
0.00579
0.00313
0.00233
0.00317
0.00236
2.875 8.60 8.70 N-80 .308 2.259 2.165 3.500 3.668 3.460 12.920 15.000 159.310 198.710 0.00496 0.00313 0.00317
2.875 6.40 6.50 P-105 .217 2.441 2.347 3.500 3.668 3.460 12.560 13.870 138.560 190.260 0.00579 0.00233 0.00236
2.875 8.60 8.70 P-105 .308 2.259 2.165 3.500 3.668 3.460 17.220 19.690 209.100 260.810 0.00496 0.00313 0.00317
3.500 7.70 H-40 .216 3.068 2.943 4.250 4.070 4.320 65.070 0.00914 0.00280
3.500 9.20 9.30 H-40 .254 2.992 2.867 4.250 4.500 4.180 5.050 5.080 79.540 103.810 0.00870 0.00335 0.00338
3 1/2 3.500 10.20 H-40 .289 2.922 2.797 4.250 5.680 5.780 92.550 0.00829 0.00371
3.500 7.20 J-55 .215 3.068 2.943 4.250 5.290 5.940 89.470 0.00914 0.00262

102
 Tables and Charts - API and Premium Connection Tubing
API TUBING DATA
Tubing Size Normal Weight Threaded Coupling Joint Yield Strength Capacity Displacement
Wall Coupling Outside Dia. Internal
T&C T&C thick- Inside Drift Non- Upset Upset Colapse Yeild T & C T & C T&C T&C
Nominal OD Non-upset Upset ness Dia. Dia. upset Reg. Spec. Resistance Pressure Non-upset Upset Non-upset Upset
In In Lb/Ft Lb/Ft Grade In In In In In In PSI PSI Lb Lb Bbl/Ft Bbl/Ft Bbl/FT
3.500 9.20 9.30 J-55 .254 2.992 2.867 4.250 4.500 4.180 6.560 6.980 109.370 142.460 0.00870 0.00335 0.00338
3.500 10.20 J-55 .289 2.922 2.797 4.250 7.390 7.950 127.250 0.00829 0.00371
3.500 7.70 C-75 .216 3.068 2.943 4.250 6.690 8.100 122.010 0.00914 0.00280
3.500 9.20 9.30 C-75 .254 2.992 2.867 4.250 4.500 4.180 8.530 9.520 149.140 194.260 0.00870 0.00335 0.00338
3.500 10.20 C-75 .289 2.922 2.797 4.250 9.660 10.840 173.530 0.00829 0.00371
3.500 12.70 12.95 C-75 .375 2.750 2.625 4.250 4.500 4.180 12.200 14.060 230.990 276.120 0.00735 0.00462 0.00471
3 1/2 3.500
3.500
7.70
9.20 9.30
N-80
N-80
.216
.254
3.068
2.992
2.943
2.867
4.250
4.250 4.500 4.180
7.080
9.080
8.640
10.160
130.140
159.090
0.00914
207.220 0.00870
0.00280
0.00335 0.00338
3.500 10.20 N-80 .289 2.922 2.797 4.250 10.230 11.560 185.100 0.00829 0.00371
3.500 12.70 12.95 N-80 .375 2.750 2.625 4.250 4.500 4.180 12.920 15.000 246.390 294.530 0.00735 0.00462 0.00471
3.500 9.20 9.30 P-105 .254 2.992 2.867 4.250 4.500 4.180 12.110 13.330 208.800 271.970 0.00870 0.00335 0.00338
3.500 12.70 12.95 P-105 .375 2.750 2.625 4.250 4.500 4.180 17.200 19.690 323.390 386.570 0.00735 0.00462 0.00471
4.000 9.50 H-40 .226 3.548 3.423 4.750 3.580 3.960 72.000 0.01223 0.00346
4.000 11.00 H-40 .262 3.476 3.351 5.000 4.420 4.580 123.070 0.01174 0.00400
4.000 9.50 J-55 .226 3.548 3.423 4.750 4.650 5.440 99.010 0.01223 0.00346
4 4.000
4.000 9.50
11.00 J-55
C-75
.262
.226
3.476
3.548
3.351
3.423 4.750
5.000 5.750
5.800
6.300
7.420 135.010
169.220 0.01174
0.01223 0.00346
0.00400

4.000 11.00 C-75 .262 3.476 3.351 5.000 7.330 8.600 230.750 0.01174 0.00400
4.000 9.50 N-80 .226 3.548 3.423 4.750 6.120 7.910 144.010 0.01223 0.00346
4.000 11.00 N-80 .262 3.476 3.351 5.000 7.780 9.170 246.140 0.01174 0.00400
4.500 12.60 12.75 H-40 .271 3.958 3.833 5.200 5.563 3.930 4.220 104.360 144.020 0.01522 0.00458 0.00464
4.500 12.60 12.75 J-55 .271 3.958 3.833 5.200 5.563 5.100 5.800 143.500 198.030 0.01522 0.00458 0.00464
4 1/2 4.500 12.60 12.75 C-75 .271 3.958 3.833 5.200 5.563 6.430 7.900 195.680 270.040 0.01522 0.00458 0.00464
4.500 12.60 12.75 N-80 .271 3.958 3.833 5.200 5.563 6.810 8.430 208.730 288.040 0.01522 0.00458 0.00464

Figure 64. API Tubing

Figure 65. Premium Connection Tubing

Connection Data Tube Data

Tubing Outer Inner Make-up Outer Inner Wall Cross 100% Ult. Depth Pull PSI Burst Collapse Capacity Disp. Capacity Disp.
Size Dia." Dia. " Torque Grade Dia. " Dia. " Drift Thick. Section Yield Strength 100% 100% 100% 100% Gals / 1000 ft. BBLS / FT
3/4" CS HYDRIL
1.5# P-110 1.327 0.687 300 P-110 1.050 0.742 0.648 0.154 0.433 110,000 125,000 31,700 47,600 32,200 26,200 22.5 15.3 0.00054 0.00036
1" CS HYDRIL
2.25# C-75 1.600 0.864 400 C-75 1.315 0.957 0.848 0.179 0.639 75,000 95,000 21,300 48,000 20,400 17,600 37.4 34.4 0.00089 0.00082
1" CS HYDRIL
2.25# N-80/L-80 1.600 0.864 400 N-L-80 1.315 0.957 0.848 0.179 0.639 80,000 100,000 22,600 51,000 21,800 18,800 37.4 34.4 0.00089 0.00082
1" CS HYDRIL
2.25# T-95 1.600 0.864 400 T-95 1.315 0.957 0.848 0.179 0.639 95,000 105,000 27,000 60,700 25,900 22,300 37.4 34.4 0.00089 0.00082
1" CS HYDRIL
2.25# P-110 1.600 0.864 400 P-110 1.315 0.957 0.848 0.179 0.639 110,000 125,000 31,200 70,300 29,900 25,900 37.4 34.4 0.00089 0.00082
1" CS HYDRIL
2.25# S-135 1.600 0.864 500 S-135 1.315 0.957 0.848 0.179 0.639 135,000 145,000 38,300 86,200 36,700 31,700 37.4 34.4 0.00089 0.00082
1-1/4" CS HYDRIL
3.02# C-75 1.927 1.218 600 C-75 1.660 1.278 1.184 0.191 0.881 75,000 95,000 21,800 66,000 17,200 15,200 66.6 46.2 0.00159 0.00110
1-1/4" CS HYDRIL
3.02# N-80/L-80 1.927 1.218 600 N-L-80 1.660 1.278 1.184 0.191 0.881 80,000 100,000 23,500 71,000 18,400 16,200 66.6 46.2 0.00159 0.00110
1-1/4" CS HYDRIL
3.02# T-95 1.927 1.218 600 T-95 1.660 1.278 1.184 0.191 0.881 95,000 105,000 27,700 83,700 21,900 19,300 66.6 46.2 0.00159 0.00110
1-1/4" CS HYDRIL
3.02# P-110 1.927 1.218 600 P-110 1.660 1.278 1.184 0.191 0.881 110,000 125,000 32,000 96,600 25,300 22,400 66.6 46.2 0.00159 0.00110

103
Premium Connection Tubing - Tables and Charts
Connection Data Tube Data
Tubing Outer Inner Make-up Outer Inner Wall Cross 100% Ult. Depth Pull PSI Burst Collapse Capacity Disp. Capacity Disp.
Size Dia." Dia. " Torque Grade Dia. " Dia. " Drift Thick. Section Yield Strength 100% 100% 100% 100% Gals / 1000 ft. BBLS / FT
2-7/8" EUE 8RD
6.5# N-80/L-80 3.668 2.441 2,300 N-L-80 2.875 2.441 2.347 0.217 1.812 80,000 100,000 22,300 145,000 12,100 11,160 243.0 99.5 0.00579 0.00237
2-7/8" PH-6 HYDRIL
8.7# N-80/L-80 3.500 2.200 3,000 N-L-80 2.875 2.259 2.165 0.308 2.484 80,000 100,000 22,800 198,700 17,140 15,300 208.1 133.1 0.00495 0.00317
2-7/8" PH-6 HYDRIL
7.9# N-80/L-80 3.437 2.265 3,000 N-L-80 2.875 2.323 2.229 0.276 2.254 80,000 100,000 22,800 180,000 15,300 13,900 220.0 120.9 0.00524 0.00288
2-7/8" PH-6 HYDRIL
7.9# T-95 3.437 2.265 3,200 T-95 2.875 2.323 2.229 0.276 2.254 95,000 110,000 27,098 214,082 18,000 16,000 220.0 120.9 0.00524 0.00288
2-7/8" PH-6 HYDRIL
7.9# P-110 3.437 2.265 3,500 P-110 2.875 2.323 2.229 0.276 2.254 105,000 120,000 29,900 236,000 20,100 18,200 220.0 120.9 0.00524 0.00288
3-1/2" EUE 8RD 2,400-
9.3# N-80/L-80 4.500 2.992 3,200 N-L-80 3.500 2.992 2.867 0.254 2.590 80,000 100,000 22,200 207,200 11,600 10,700 365.2 134.5 0.00870 0.00320
3-1/2" EUE 8RD 3,000-
9.3# P-110 4.500 2.992 4,000 P-110 3.500 2.992 2.867 0.254 2.590 110,000 125,000 30,600 284,900 15,900 14,800 365.2 134.5 0.00870 0.00320
3-1/2" PH-6 HYDRIL
12.95# N-80/L-80 4.312 2.687 5,500 N-L-80 3.500 2.750 2.625 0.375 3.682 80,000 100,000 22,700 294,500 17,100 15,310 308.4 198.1 0.00734 0.00472
3-1/2" PH-6 HYDRIL
12.95# T-95 4.313 2.687 6,000 T-95 3.500 2.750 1.609 0.375 3.682 95,000 105,000 27,000 386,600 20,300 18,100 308.4 198.1 0.00734 0.00472
3-1/2" PH-6 HYDRIL
12.95# P-110 4.312 2.687 7,000 P-110 3.500 2.750 2.625 0.375 3.682 105,000 120,000 29,800 386,600 22,500 20,090 308.4 198.1 0.00734 0.00472
4-1/2" PH-6 HYDRIL
15.50# P-110 5.125 3.765 8,500 P-110 4.500 3.826 3.701 0.337 4.407 110,000 125,000 31,300 485,000 16,480 14,340 598.0 229.2 0.01424 0.00546
Figure 66. Premium Connection Tubing

Figure 67. Premium Connection Tubing

Connection Data Tube Data

Tubing Outer Inner Make-up Outer Inner Wall Cross 100% Ult. Depth Pull PSI Burst Collapse Capacity Disp. Capacity Disp.
Size Dia." Dia. " Torque Grade Dia. " Dia. " Drift Thick. Section Yield Strength 100% 100% 100% 100% Gals / 1000 ft. BBLS / FT
1-1/4" CS HYDRIL
3.02# S-135 1.927 1.218 600 S-135 1.660 1.278 1.184 0.191 0.881 135,000 145,000 39,400 119,000 31,000 27,500 66.6 46.2 0.00159 0.00110
1-1/2" CS HYDRIL
3.64# N-80/L-80 2.162 1.440 800 N-L-80 1.900 1.500 1.406 0.200 1.068 80,000 100,000 23,300 85,000 16,800 15,000 91.8 55.7 0.00219 0.00133
1-1/2" CS HYDRIL
3.64# P-110 2.162 1.440 800 P-110 1.900 1.500 1.406 0.200 1.068 110,000 125,000 32,300 117,500 23,000 20,700 91.8 55.7 0.00219 0.00133
1-1/2" CS HYDRIL
3.64# S-135 2.162 1.440 800 S-135 1.900 1.500 1.406 0.200 1.068 135,000 145,000 39,600 144,199 28,421 25,429 91.8 55.7 0.00219 0.00133
2-1/16" CS HYDRIL
3.25# N-80/L-80 2.330 1.700 900 N-L-80 2.063 1.751 1.657 0.156 0.935 80,000 100,000 23,000 75,000 12,100 11,200 125.0 49.7 0.00298 0.00118
2-3/8" EUE 8RD
4.7# N-80/L-80 3.063 1.995 1,500 N-L-80 2.375 1.995 1.901 0.190 1.304 80,000 100,000 22,200 104,300 12,800 11,770 162.3 71.9 0.00386 0.00171
2-3/8" PH-6 HYDRIL
5.95# N-80/L-80 2.906 1.805 2,200 N-L-80 2.375 1.867 1.773 0.254 1.692 80,000 100,000 22,700 135,000 17,100 15,300 142.2 91.0 0.00339 0.00217
2-3/8" PH-6 HYDRIL
5.95# RY-85 2.906 1.805 2,200 RY-85 2.375 1.867 1.773 0.254 1.692 85,000 100,000 24,100 143,800 18,200 16,240 142.2 91.0 0.00339 0.00217
2-3/8" PH-6 HYDRIL
5.95# T-95 2.906 1.805 2,200 T-95 2.375 1.867 1.773 0.254 1.692 95,000 110,000 27,000 160,740 19,665 17,595 142.2 91.0 0.00339 0.00217
2-3/8" PH-6 HYDRIL
5.95# P-110 2.906 1.805 2,700 P-110 2.375 1.867 1.773 0.254 1.692 105,000 120,000 29,900 178,000 22,500 20,060 142.2 91.0 0.00339 0.00217

104
 Tables and Charts - Coiled Tubing
COILED TUBING DATA Per Ft. Per 1000 Ft
OD Wall ID Nom. Wt Internal Capacity Displacement of Steel External Displacement Internal Capacity Displacement of Steel External Displacement
Specified Specified Calculated LBS/FT Gallons BBLS Gallons BBLS Gallons BBLS Gallons BBLS Gallons BBLS Gallons BBLS

1.000 0.080 0.840 0.788 0.02879 0.000685 0.01201 0.00029 0.04080 0.00097 28.78848 0.68544 12.01152 0.28599 40.80000 0.97143
1.000 0.087 0.826 0.850 0.02784 0.000663 0.01296 0.00031 0.04080 0.00097 27.83686 0.66278 12.96314 0.30865 40.80000 0.97143
1.000 0.095 0.810 0.920 0.02677 0.000637 0.01403 0.00033 0.04080 0.00097 26.76888 0.63735 14.03112 0.33407 40.80000 0.97143
1.000 0.102 0.796 0.981 0.02585 0.000616 0.01495 0.00036 0.04080 0.00097 25.85153 0.61551 14.94847 0.35592 40.80000 0.97143
1.000 0.109 0.782 1.040 0.02495 0.000594 0.01585 0.00038 0.04080 0.00097 24.95018 0.59405 15.84982 0.37738 40.80000 0.97143
1.250 0.080 1.090 1.002 0.04847 0.001154 0.01528 0.00036 0.06375 0.00152 48.47448 1.15415 15.27552 0.36370 63.75000 1.51786
1.250 0.087 1.076 1.083 0.04724 0.001125 0.01651 0.00039 0.06375 0.00152 47.23726 1.12470 16.51274 0.39316 63.75000 1.51786
1.250 0.095 1.060 1.175 0.04584 0.001091 0.01791 0.00043 0.06375 0.00152 45.84288 1.09150 17.90712 0.42636 63.75000 1.51786
1.250 0.102 1.046 1.254 0.04464 0.001063 0.01911 0.00046 0.06375 0.00152 44.63994 1.06286 19.11007 0.45500 63.75000 1.51786
1.250 0.109 1.032 1.332 0.04345 0.001035 0.02030 0.00048 0.06375 0.00152 43.45298 1.03459 20.29702 0.48326 63.75000 1.51786
1.250 0.116 1.018 1.408 0.04228 0.001007 0.02147 0.00051 0.06375 0.00152 42.28202 1.00671 21.46798 0.51114 63.75000 1.51786
1.250 0.125 1.000 1.506 0.04080 0.000971 0.02295 0.00055 0.06375 0.00152 40.80000 0.97143 22.95000 0.54643 63.75000 1.51786
1.250 0.134 0.982 1.601 0.03934 0.000937 0.02441 0.00058 0.06375 0.00152 39.34442 0.93677 24.40558 0.58109 63.75000 1.51786
1.250 0.145 0.960 1.715 0.03760 0.000895 0.02615 0.00062 0.06375 0.00152 37.60128 0.89527 26.14872 0.62259 63.75000 1.51786
1.250 0.156 0.938 1.827 0.03590 0.000855 0.02785 0.00066 0.06375 0.00152 35.89764 0.85471 27.85237 0.66315 63.75000 1.51786
1.250 0.175 0.900 2.014 0.03305 0.000787 0.03070 0.00073 0.06375 0.00152 33.04800 0.78686 30.70200 0.73100 63.75000 1.51786
1.500 0.095 1.310 1.429 0.07002 0.001667 0.02178 0.00052 0.09180 0.00219 70.01688 1.66707 21.78312 0.51865 91.80001 2.18571
1.500 0.102 1.296 1.527 0.06853 0.001632 0.02327 0.00055 0.09180 0.00219 68.52834 1.63163 23.27167 0.55409 91.80001 2.18571
1.500 0.109 1.282 1.623 0.06706 0.001597 0.02474 0.00059 0.09180 0.00219 67.05578 1.59657 24.74422 0.58915 91.80001 2.18571

Figure 68. Coiled Tubing

Figure 69. Coiled Tubing

COILED TUBING DATA Per Ft. Per 1000 Ft

OD Wall ID Nom. Wt Internal Capacity Displacement of Steel External Displacement Internal Capacity Displacement of Steel External Displacement
Specified Specified Calculated LBS/FT Gallons BBLS Gallons BBLS Gallons BBLS Gallons BBLS Gallons BBLS Gallons BBLS

1.500 0.116 1.268 1.719 0.06560 0.001562 0.02620 0.00062 0.09180 0.00219 65.59922 1.56189 26.20078 0.62383 91.80001 2.18571
1.500 0.125 1.250 1.840 0.06375 0.001518 0.02805 0.00067 0.09180 0.00219 63.75000 1.51786 28.05000 0.66786 91.80001 2.18571
1.500 0.134 1.232 1.960 0.06193 0.001474 0.02987 0.00071 0.09180 0.00219 61.92722 1.47446 29.87278 0.71126 91.80001 2.18571
1.500 0.145 1.210 2.104 0.05974 0.001422 0.03206 0.00076 0.09180 0.00219 59.73528 1.42227 32.06472 0.76345 91.80001 2.18571
1.500 0.156 1.188 2.245 0.05758 0.001371 0.03422 0.00081 0.09180 0.00219 57.58284 1.37102 34.21717 0.81469 91.80001 2.18571
1.500 0.175 1.150 2.483 0.05396 0.001285 0.03784 0.00090 0.09180 0.00219 53.95800 1.28471 37.84200 0.90100 91.80001 2.18571
1.500 0.190 1.120 2.665 0.05118 0.001219 0.04062 0.00097 0.09180 0.00219 51.17952 1.21856 40.62048 0.96715 91.80001 2.18571
1.750 0.109 1.532 1.915 0.09576 0.002280 0.02919 0.00070 0.12495 0.00298 95.75859 2.27997 29.19142 0.69503 124.95001 2.97500
1.750 0.116 1.518 2.029 0.09402 0.002238 0.03093 0.00074 0.12495 0.00298 94.01643 2.23849 30.93358 0.73651 124.95001 2.97500
1.750 0.125 1.500 2.175 0.09180 0.002186 0.03315 0.00079 0.12495 0.00298 91.80001 2.18571 33.15000 0.78929 124.95001 2.97500
1.750 0.134 1.482 2.318 0.08961 0.002134 0.03534 0.00084 0.12495 0.00298 89.61002 2.13357 35.33998 0.84143 124.95001 2.97500
1.750 0.145 1.460 2.492 0.08697 0.002071 0.03798 0.00090 0.12495 0.00298 86.96929 2.07070 37.98072 0.90430 124.95001 2.97500
1.750 0.156 1.438 2.662 0.08437 0.002009 0.04058 0.00097 0.12495 0.00298 84.36804 2.00876 40.58197 0.96624 124.95001 2.97500
1.750 0.175 1.400 2.951 0.07997 0.001904 0.04498 0.00107 0.12495 0.00298 79.96801 1.90400 44.98200 1.07100 124.95001 2.97500
1.750 0.188 1.374 3.140 0.07703 0.001834 0.04792 0.00114 0.12495 0.00298 77.02535 1.83394 47.92466 1.14106 124.95001 2.97500
1.750 0.190 1.370 3.173 0.07658 0.001823 0.04837 0.00115 0.12495 0.00298 76.57752 1.82327 48.37248 1.15173 124.95001 2.97500
2.000 0.109 1.782 2.207 0.12956 0.003085 0.03364 0.00080 0.16320 0.00389 129.56139 3.08479 33.63862 0.80092 163.20001 3.88571
2.000 0.116 1.768 2.340 0.12753 0.003037 0.03567 0.00085 0.16320 0.00389 127.53363 3.03651 35.66638 0.84920 163.20001 3.88571
2.000 0.125 1.750 2.509 0.12495 0.002975 0.03825 0.00091 0.16320 0.00389 124.95001 2.97500 38.25000 0.91071 163.20001 3.88571

105
Coiled Tubing - Tables and Charts
COILED TUBING DATA Per Ft. Per 1000 Ft
OD Wall ID Nom. Wt Internal Capacity Displacement of Steel External Displacement Internal Capacity Displacement of Steel External Displacement
Specified Specified Calculated LBS/FT Gallons BBLS Gallons BBLS Gallons BBLS Gallons BBLS Gallons BBLS Gallons BBLS

2.000 0.134 1.732 2.677 0.12239 0.002914 0.04081 0.00097 0.16320 0.00389 122.39283 2.91411 40.80718 0.97160 163.20001 3.88571
2.000 0.145 1.710 2.880 0.11930 0.002841 0.04390 0.00105 0.16320 0.00389 119.30329 2.84055 43.89672 1.04516 163.20001 3.88571
2.000 0.156 1.688 3.080 0.11625 0.002768 0.04695 0.00112 0.16320 0.00389 116.25324 2.76793 46.94677 1.11778 163.20001 3.88571
2.000 0.175 1.650 3.419 0.11108 0.002645 0.05212 0.00124 0.16320 0.00389 111.07801 2.64471 52.12200 1.24100 163.20001 3.88571
2.000 0.188 1.624 3.640 0.10760 0.002562 0.05560 0.00132 0.16320 0.00389 107.60495 2.56202 55.59506 1.32369 163.20001 3.88571
2.000 0.190 1.620 3.682 0.10708 0.002549 0.05612 0.00134 0.16320 0.00389 107.07553 2.54942 56.12448 1.33630 163.20001 3.88571
2.000 0.203 1.594 3.900 0.10367 0.002468 0.05953 0.00142 0.16320 0.00389 103.66612 2.46824 59.53389 1.41747 163.20001 3.88571
2.000 0.204 1.592 3.923 0.10341 0.002462 0.05979 0.00142 0.16320 0.00389 103.40614 2.46205 59.79387 1.42366 163.20001 3.88571
2.375 0.125 2.125 3.011 0.18424 0.004387 0.04590 0.00109 0.23014 0.00548 184.23751 4.38661 45.90000 1.09286 230.13751 5.47946
2.375 0.134 2.107 3.215 0.18113 0.004313 0.04901 0.00117 0.23014 0.00548 181.12953 4.31261 49.00798 1.16686 230.13751 5.47946
2.375 0.145 2.085 3.462 0.17737 0.004223 0.05277 0.00126 0.23014 0.00548 177.36679 4.22302 52.77072 1.25645 230.13751 5.47946
2.375 0.156 2.063 3.706 0.17364 0.004134 0.05649 0.00135 0.23014 0.00548 173.64355 4.13437 56.49397 1.34509 230.13751 5.47946
2.375 0.175 2.025 4.122 0.16731 0.003983 0.06283 0.00150 0.23014 0.00548 167.30551 3.98346 62.83200 1.49600 230.13751 5.47946
2.375 0.188 1.999 4.390 0.16304 0.003882 0.06710 0.00160 0.23014 0.00548 163.03685 3.88183 67.10066 1.59763 230.13751 5.47946
2.375 0.190 1.995 4.445 0.16239 0.003866 0.06775 0.00161 0.23014 0.00548 162.38503 3.86631 67.75248 1.61315 230.13751 5.47946
2.375 0.203 1.969 4.710 0.15818 0.003766 0.07196 0.00171 0.23014 0.00548 158.18002 3.76619 71.95750 1.71327 230.13751 5.47946
2.375 0.204 1.967 4.742 0.15786 0.003759 0.07228 0.00172 0.23014 0.00548 157.85884 3.75854 72.27867 1.72092 230.13751 5.47946
2.875 0.125 2.625 3.670 0.28114 0.006694 0.05610 0.00134 0.33724 0.00803 281.13752 6.69375 56.10000 1.33571 337.23752 8.02946
2.875 0.156 2.563 4.541 0.26801 0.006381 0.06922 0.00165 0.33724 0.00803 268.01395 6.38128 69.22357 1.64818 337.23752 8.02946

Figure 70. Coiled Tubing

Figure 71. Coiled Tubing

COILED TUBING DATA Per Ft. Per 1000 Ft

OD Wall ID Nom. Wt Internal Capacity Displacement of Steel External Displacement Internal Capacity Displacement of Steel External Displacement
Specified Specified Calculated LBS/FT Gallons BBLS Gallons BBLS Gallons BBLS Gallons BBLS Gallons BBLS Gallons BBLS

2.875 0.175 2.525 5.059 0.26013 0.006193 0.07711 0.00184 0.33724 0.00803 260.12552 6.19346 77.11200 1.83600 337.23752 8.02946
2.875 0.188 2.499 5.400 0.25480 0.006067 0.08244 0.00196 0.33724 0.00803 254.79606 6.06657 82.44146 1.96289 337.23752 8.02946
2.875 0.190 2.495 5.462 0.25398 0.006047 0.08326 0.00198 0.33724 0.00803 253.98104 6.04717 83.25649 1.98230 337.23752 8.02946
2.875 0.203 2.469 5.790 0.24872 0.005922 0.08852 0.00211 0.33724 0.00803 248.71522 5.92179 88.52230 2.10767 337.23752 8.02946
2.875 0.204 2.467 5.834 0.24831 0.005912 0.08893 0.00212 0.33724 0.00803 248.31245 5.91220 88.92507 2.11726 337.23752 8.02946
3.500 0.134 3.232 4.820 0.42619 0.010147 0.07361 0.00175 0.49980 0.01190 426.18965 10.14737 73.61039 1.75263 499.80003 11.90000
3.500 0.156 3.188 5.570 0.41466 0.009873 0.08514 0.00203 0.49980 0.01190 414.66446 9.87296 85.13557 2.02704 499.80003 11.90000
3.500 0.175 3.150 6.230 0.40484 0.009639 0.09496 0.00226 0.49980 0.01190 404.83803 9.63900 94.96201 2.26100 499.80003 11.90000
3.500 0.188 3.124 6.650 0.39818 0.009481 0.10162 0.00242 0.49980 0.01190 398.18257 9.48054 101.61747 2.41946 499.80003 11.90000
3.500 0.190 3.120 6.733 0.39716 0.009456 0.10264 0.00244 0.49980 0.01190 397.16354 9.45627 102.63649 2.44373 499.80003 11.90000
3.500 0.203 3.094 7.150 0.39057 0.009299 0.10923 0.00260 0.49980 0.01190 390.57173 9.29933 109.22830 2.60067 499.80003 11.90000
3.500 0.204 3.092 7.199 0.39007 0.009287 0.10973 0.00261 0.49980 0.01190 390.06696 9.28731 109.73308 2.61269 499.80003 11.90000
3.500 0.224 3.052 7.857 0.38004 0.009049 0.11976 0.00285 0.49980 0.01190 380.03995 9.04857 119.76008 2.85143 499.80003 11.90000
3.500 0.250 3.000 8.699 0.36720 0.008743 0.13260 0.00316 0.49980 0.01190 367.20002 8.74286 132.60001 3.15714 499.80003 11.90000
4.500 0.204 4.092 9.383 0.68317 0.016266 0.14303 0.00341 0.82620 0.01967 683.17417 16.26605 143.02588 3.40538 826.20005 19.67143
4.500 0.224 4.052 10.255 0.66988 0.015950 0.15632 0.00372 0.82620 0.01967 669.88317 15.94960 156.31689 3.72183 826.20005 19.67143
4.500 0.250 4.000 11.376 0.65280 0.015543 0.17340 0.00413 0.82620 0.01967 652.80004 15.54286 173.40001 4.12857 826.20005 19.67143

106
 Tables and Charts - Free Point Calculation and Coiled Tubing Stretch Table
Figure 72. Free Point Calculation Figure 73. Stretch Tables

Free Point Calculation COILED TUBING STRETCH TABLES

From Hook’s law, if tubing is under a tension
force F, then the elastic elongation is given by Size (Inches) Cross Sectional Free Point
OD x Wall Thickness Area (Sq In) Constant
∆L = F L × 12
E An (1) 1.250 x 0.087 0.304 760.0
where ∆L = tubing stretch (in); F = axial force x 0.095 0.328 820.0
on tubing (lbs); L = free length of tubing (ft);
An = nominal cross sectional area of tube (in2); x 0.102 0.351 877.5
E = Young’s modulus of elasticity (30,000,000 x 0.109 0.374 935.0
psi for steel); and 12 = inches per foot.
x 0.125 0.420 1050.0
To determine the free point, pull the pipe into
x 0.134 0.451 1127.5
tension with at least 500 pounds of load over the
hanging weight of the tubing in the hole. Make x 0.156 0.512 1280.0
a visible reference mark on the pipe. Increase
the pull on the pipe in increments of 1000 x 0.095 0.399 997.5
pounds over original tubing weight. Measure x 0.102 0.428 1070.0
the amount of pipe stretch (∆L). Subtract
x 0.109 0.456 1140.0
the original weight reading from the final
pull weight (FD). Read the correct Free Point x 0.125 0.512 1280.0
Constant (CFPC) from the following table for the
x 0.134 0.552 1380.0
coiled tubing involved and use the following
equation: x 0.156 0.629 1572.5

L = ∆L CFPC 1.750 x 0.109 0.538 1345.0

FD (2) x 0.125 0.605 1512.5
where L = minimum length of free pipe (ft); x 0.134 0.652 1630.0
∆L = Stretch (in); CFPC = Free Point Constant; x 0.156 0.745 1862.5
FD = pull force difference (1,000 pounds). x 0.175 0.831 2077.5

2.000 x 0.109 0.619 1547.5

Example: Determine the minimum length of
free coiled tubing being stretched when a x 0.125 0.698 1745.0
10,000 foot string of 1.25” OD, 0.087” wall x 0.134 0.753 1882.5
tubing stretches 39 inches with an applied pull
of 5,000 pounds over tubing weight. x 0.156 0.861 2152.5
x 0.175 0.962 2405.0
L = ∆L CFPC
FD 2.375 x 0.125 0.837 2092.5
x 0.134 0.904 2260.0
= 39 x 760
5 x 0.156 1.035 2587.5

L = 5928 feet x 0.175 1.158 2895.5

x 0.190 1.241 3102.5

107
Nitrogen Tables - Tables and Charts
1.) Nitrogen Volume Factors

Calculate the average pressure (WHP+BHP/2).

Calculate the average temperature: (surface
temperature  bottomhole temperature  2. From
average pressure on chart, read up to average
temperature, then across to SCF/BBL of space.

2.) Nitrogen Needed for Foam

Find BHP on chart and reference to desired foam

quality. Read across to SCF/BBL. This SCF/BBL
must be pumped for every BBL of liquid.

3.) Pressure Due to a

Column of Nitrogen
To find BHP if WHP is known: locate WHP on left
side of chart and cross to average temperature.
Read down to depth function and ADD TVD and
read up to average temperature line then left to
obtain BHP.

To find WHP if BHP is known: locate BHP on left

side of chart and cross to average temperature.
Read down to depth function and SUBTRACT TVD
and read up to average temperature line then left to
obtain WHP.

Figure 74. Nitrogen Tables

108
 Tables and Charts - Electric Line
ELECTRIC LINE – CABLE SPECIFICATIONS
Cable Diameter Breaking Weight Armor Wires Wire BS–Lbs CDR Resistance Maximum Temp.
Type Size Inches Strength (Lbs) (Lbs) 1000 ft (Out/In) (Out/In) (Ohms/Mft) (Deg. F)
1-H-100-A 1/10" 0.101" 1,000 19 18/12 41/41 25.2 300
1-H-125-A 1/8" 0.123" 1,500 27 18/12 60/60 25.2 300
1-H-125-K 1/8" 0.123" 1,500 28 18/12 60/60 25.2 500
1-H-181-A 3/16" 0.185" 3,900 63 15/12 198/127 9.8 300
1-H-181-D 3/16" 0.185" 3,900 65 15/12 198/127 9.8 420
1-H-181-K 3/16" 0.185" 3,900 65 15/12 198/127 9.8 500
1-H-181-M 3/16" 0.187" 3,600 68 15/12 198/132 12.5 600
4-H-181-A 3/16" 0.186" 3,300 60 18/18 143/76 26.0 300
1-H-203-A 13/64" 0.203" 4,500 79 16/10 212/212 6.9 300
1-H-203-D 13/64" 0.203" 4,500 79 16/10 212/212 6.9 420
1-H-203-K 13/64" 0.203" 4,500 80 16/10 212/212 6.9 500
1-H-220-A 7/32" 0.223" 5,500 92 18/12 212/212 4.5 300
1-H-220-D 7/32" 0.223" 5,500 95 18/12 212/212 4.5 420
1-H-220-K 7/32" 0.223" 5,500 95 18/12 212/212 4.5 500
1-H-226-K 7/32" 0.222" 5,000 99 18/12 196/196 7.7 500
MP-35-N-Alloy
1-H-281-A 9/32" 0.288" 10,000 153 18/12 352/352 2.8 300
1-H-281-K 9/32" 0.288" 10,000 158 18/12 352/352 2.8 500
1-H-314-A 5/16" 0.316" 11,200 183 18/12 426/426 2.8 300
1-H-314-D 5/16" 0.316" 11,200 187 18/12 426/426 2.8 420
1-H-314-K 5/16" 0.316" 11,200 190 18/12 426/426 2.8 500
7-H-314-A 5/16" 0.323" 9,600 180 18/18 426/225 16.6 300

Figure 75. Electric Line

Figure 76. Electric Line

109
Conversion Tables - Tables and Charts
Figure 77. Field to Metric Units Figure 78. Metric to Field Units

Converting Field to Metric Units Converting Metric to Field Units

If you have: Multiply By: To Get: If you have: Multiply By: To Get:

Feet X 0.3048 Meters (M) Meters X 3.2808 Feet

Inches X 2.54 Centimeters (cm) Centimeters (cm) X 0.3937 Inches

Inches X 25.4 Millimeters (mm) Millimeters (mm) X 0.03937 Inches

Wt Indicator (Lbs) X 0.0004536 Metric Tons Metric Tons X 2204.6 Pounds

Wt Indicator (Lbs) X 0.44482 Decanewtons (daN) Decanewtons (daN) X .22481 Wt Indicator (Lbs)
Pounds X 0.4536 Kilograms Kilograms (Kg) X 2.2046 Pounds
Weight (Lbs/Ft) X 1.4882 Kg/M Kg/M X 0.67196 Weight (Lb/Ft)
3
Pounds per Barrel X 2.85307 Kg/M Kg/M 3 X 0.3505 Pounds per Barrel
Barrels X 158.987 Liters
Liters X 0.00629 Barrels
Barrels X 0.15898 Cubic Meters
Cubic Meters X 6.2898 Barrels
Gallons X 3.7854 Liters
Liters X 0.2642 Gallons
Gallons X 0.0037854 Cubic Meters
Cubic Meters X 264.173 Gallons
Barrels/Stroke X 158.987 Liters/Stroke
Liters/Stroke X 0.00629 Barrels/Stroke
Barrels/Stroke X 0.158987 Cubic Meters/Stroke
Cubic Meters/Stroke X 6.2898 Barrels/Stroke
Gallons/Minute X 3.7854 Liters/Minute
Liters/Minute X 0.2642 Gallons/Minute
Barrels/Minute X 158.987 Liters/Minute
Liters/Minute X 0.00629 Barrels/Minute
Barrels/Minute X 0.158987 Cubic Meters/Minute
Cubic Meters/Minute X 6.2898 Barrels/Minute
BBL/Ft Capacity X 521.612 Liters/Meter (1/m)
Liters/Meter (L/M) X 0.0019171 BBL/Ft Capacity
BBL/Ft Capacity X 0.521612 Cubic Meters/Meter
Cubic Meters/Meter X 1.917 BBL/Ft Capacity
BBL/Ft Displacement X 521.612 Liters/Meter (1/m)
Liters/Meter (L/M) X 0.0019171 BBL/Displacement
BBL/Ft Displacement X 0.521612 Cubic Meters/Meter
Cubic Meters/Meter X 1.9171 BBL/Displacement
Gradient PSI/Ft X 22.6206 KPa/M
KPa/M X 0.044207 Gradient PSI/Ft
Gradient PSI/Ft X .226206 Bar/M
Bar/M X 4.4207 Gradient PSI/Ft
Mud Weight PPG X 0.119826 Kilograms/Liter
Kilograms/Liter (Kg/L) X 8.3454 Mud Weight PPG
Mud Weight PPG X 119.826 Kilograms/Cubic Mtr
Kilograms/Cubic Mtr X 0.0083454 Mud Weight PPG
Mud Weight PPG X 0.119826 Specific Gravity
Specific Gravity (SG) X 8.3454 Mud Weight PPG
Mud Weight (Lb/Ft3) X 1.60185 Kg/M
3

Kg/M 3 X 6.24279 Mud Weight (Lb/Ft3)

Farenheit Degrees X .56 – 17.8 Celsius Degrees
Celsius Degrees X 1.8 + 32 Farenheit Degrees
PSI X 6894.8 Pascals (Pa)

PSI X 6.8948 Kilopascals (KPa) Pascals (Pa) X 0.000145 PSI

PSI X .06895 Bar Kilopascals (KPa) X 0.14504 PSI

110
Bar X 14.50377 Psi
 Tables and Charts - Formulas I
Figure 79. Formulas and Calculations I

Pipe/Hole Capacity (bbls/ft) Formation Pressure (psi)

Capacitybbls/ft = *Diameterin2 ÷ 1029.4 Formation Pressurepsi = SIDPPpsi

*Diameter across the open hole or inner diameter of pipe. + Hydrostatic Pressurepsi to Formation
When no SIDPP is available:
Pipe/Hole Volume (bbls) Form Press.psi = SICPpsi + (Kick Lengthft × Kick Densityppg
Volumebbls = Hole Capacitybbls/ft × Lengtft × 0.052) + (Mud Lengthft × Mud Densityppg × 0.052)

Annular Capacity (bbls/ft) Kill Mud Weight (ppg)

Annular Capacitybbls/ft = Kill Mud Weightppg = (SIDPPpsi ÷ .052 ÷ Depthft, TVD)
[ *(Hole Dia.in2) – **(Pipe Dia.in2) ] ÷ 1029.4 + Present Mud Weightppg
*Diameter across the open hole or inner diameter of casing.
**Any OD of tubular (drillpipe, tubing, coiled tubing) in well.
Initial Circulating Pressure (ICP)
ICPpsi = SIDPPpsi + Kill Rate Pump Pressurepsi
Annular Volume (bbls)
Final Circulating Pressure (FCP)
Annular Volumebbls = Annular Capacitybbls/ft
FCPpsi = Kill Rate Pump Pressurepsi ×
× Lengthft
(Kill Mud Weightppg ÷ Present Mud Weightppg)
Annular Capacity (bbls/ft)
with Dual Strings
Estimated Shut-In Drillpipe (or Tubing)
Pressure
Annular Capacitybbls/ft =
SIDPPpsi = Form. Press.psi – (TVDft × Mud Wtppg × 0.052)
[*Hole Dia. - (**Pipe
in2 1
Dia.in2 + **Pipe2 Dia.in2) ]
Estimated Kick Density (ppg)

]
÷ 1029.4
*Diameter across the open hole or inner diameter of casing.
**Any OD of tubular (drillpipe, tubing, coiled tubing) in well.
Kick Den.ppg = Present Mud Wtppg –
[ SICPpsi – SIDPPpsi

(Kick Lengthft × 0.052)

Annular Volume (bbls) of Dual Strings Estimated Integrity/Fracture
Annular Volumebbls = Annular Capacitybbls/ft × Lengthft
Mud Density (ppg)
Tank Capacity (bbls/ft) Est. Int./Frac. Mud Densityppg = (Test Pressurepsi ÷ 0.052
Rectangular tanks ÷ Depth Testedft, TVD) + Test Mud Weightppg
A. Volumebbls/ft = (Lengthft × Widthft) ÷ 5.61
Estimated Integrity/Fracture Pressure (psi)
B. Tank Volumebbls = Tank Capacitybbls/ft × Heightft Est. Int./Frac. Pressurepsi = (Est. Int./Frac. Mud Densityppg
Note: For bbl/inch, take bbl/ft capacity and divide by 12. – Pres. Mud Wtppg) × Depth Testedft, TVD × 0.052
Vertical cylindrical tanks Estimating Maximum Pit Gain
A. Tank Capacitybbls/ft = Tank Diameterin2 ÷ 1029.4
from a Gas Kick
B. Tank Volumebbls = Tank Capacitybbls/ft × Heightft *Maximum Gainbbls =
Note: For bbl/inch, take bbl/ft capacity and divide by 12.

√
Form. Press.psi × Kick sizebbls × Ann. Cap.bbls/ft
To Convert Volume (bbls) 4 ×
into Length (ft) Kill Mud Weightppg

Lengthft = Volumebbls ÷ Section Capacitybbls/ft *Maximum casing pressure assumes proper use of wait & weight method.

Fluid Gradient (psi/ft) Estimating Max. Casing Pressure

Fluid Gradientpsi/ft = Fluid Weightppg × 0.052 from a Gas Kick
*Maximum Casing Press.bbls = 200 ×
Hydrostatic Pressure (psi)

√
(Form. Press.psi ÷ 1000) × Kick Sizebbls × Kill Mud Wt.ppg
Hydrostatic Pressurepsi = True Vertical Depthft
× Fluid Weightppg × 0.052 Ann. Cap. per 1000’
*Maximum casing pressure assumes proper use of wait & weight method.

111
Formulas II - Tables and Charts
Figure 80. Formulas and Calculations II
Theoretical Distance and Rate Trip Margin (ppg)
of Gas Migration Trip Marginppg = Annular Presure Losspsi
A. Migrationft = Press. Increasepsi ÷ Mud Weightppg ÷ .052 ÷ Well Depthft ÷ 0.052

B. Migration Rateft/min = Migrationft ÷ Migration Timemin Volume of Slug (bbls)

Slug Vol.bbls = Mud Wtppg × Dry Pipe Lengthft × Pipe cap.bbls/ft
General Gas Law
P 1 × V1 P 2 × V2 Slug Weightppg – Present Mud Weightppg
=
T1 × Z1 T2 × Z2 Slug Weight (ppg)
Simplified, ignoring effects of temp., T and compressibility, Z: Slug Wtppg = Present Fluid Weightppg +

Pressure1 × Volume1 = Pressure2 × Volume2

or Volume2 = Pressure1 × Volume1 ÷ Pressure2 [ Present Mud Wtppg × Dry pipe lgthft × Pipe Capbbls/ft
Slug Volumebbls
]
Pump Output and pressures Barrels to Fill When Pulling Pipe
A. Single Acting Triplex Pump
Bbls to fill = Pipe Displacementbbls/ft × Length Pulledft
Pump Outputbbls/stk = ID Liner2 × Length Pump Strokein
Or Bbls = Adjusted Pipe Weightppf ÷ 2748 × Lengthft
× 0.000243 × Pump Efficiency%eff
B. Double Acting Duplex Pump Strokes to Fill When Pulling Pipe
Pump Outputbbls/stk = ID Liner2 + ID Liner2 – OD Rod2 Stks = Bbls to Fill ÷ Pump Outputbbls/stk
× Length Pump Strokein × 0.000162 × Pump Efficiency%eff
*Max Length (ft) Pulled Prior to Fill-up
Strokes to Spot, Pump or Displace a Volume Dry Pipe: Max. Lengthft =
Strokes = Volumebbls ÷ Pump Outputbbls/stk (Pressure Droppsi ÷ Mud Weightppg ÷ 0.052)

Time to Spot, Pump or Displace a Volume × (Csg. Cap.bbls/ft – Pipe Displ.bbls/ft) ÷ Pipe Displ.bbls/ft

Timemin = Volumebbls ÷ Pump Outputbbls/stk Wet Pipe: Max. Lengthft =

÷ Pump Ratestks/min
(Pressure Droppsi ÷ Mud Weightppg ÷ 0.052)
Pump Pressure Correction for × (Csg. Cap.bbls/ft – Pipe Displ.bbls/ft – Pipe Cap.bbls/ft)
Different Density ÷ (Pipe Displ.bbls/ft + Pipe Cap.bbls/ft)
New Pump Press.psi = Original Pump Press.psi ×
*75 psi, or 5 stands of drillpipe/tubing, is max. allowed by MMS.
(Mud Weight #2ppg ÷ Mud Weight #1ppg)
Plastic Viscosity (PV cps)
Pump Pressure Correction for PVcps = Fann 600 Reading – Fann 300 Reading
Different Pump Rate
New Pump Pressurepsi = (Rate #2stks/min Yield Point (YP lbs/100 ft2)
÷ Rate #1stks/min)2 × Pump Pressure #1psi YPlbs/100ft2 = Fann 300 Reading – PV

Apparent Viscosity
Pump Rate in Gallons Per Stroke (gal/stk)
Pump Rategal/stk = Pump Outputbbls/stk × 42 = Fann 600 Reading ÷ 2
Barite Requirements
Pump Rate in Gallons Per Minute (gpm) *Baritesx =
Pump Rategpm = (Pump Speedstks/min
(Kill Mud Wtppg – Present Mud Wtppg) × 1470 × Pit Volbbls
× Pump Outputbbls/stk) × 42
(35 – Kill Mud Wt) × 100
Stripping Weight Estimation (lbs) *Note: 100 lb. sacks of barite
Stripping Weightlbs =
Volume Increase Due to Barite Addition
(0.7854 × Pipe Dia.in2 × Shut-in Pressurepsi) + *Frictionlbs
Volume Increasebbls = *Total Barite Requiredsx ÷ 14.7
*2000 lbs is general, minimum friction-force to overcome to strip pipe through annular
preventer; this varies with preventers and pipe sizes. *Note: 100 lb. sacks of barite

112
 Tables and Charts - Formulas III
Figure 81. Formulas and Calculations III

Average Weight (ppg) When Mixing Pressure Drop Across Bit

Two Densities Formula for sizes of nozzles in 32nds:
A. Total Volumebbls = Volume 1bbls + Volume 2bbls Pressure Droppsi = 156.482 × GPM2 × Mud Wt

B. Average Weightppg = (Jet12 + Jet22 + Jet32)2

[ (Vol 1 bbls
× Mud Wt 1ppg) + (Vol 2bbls × Mud Wt 2ppg) ] Nozzle Sizes (bits with 2+ nozzles)
Total Volumebbls

√ √
Nozzle Size = 3.536 GPM Mud Wtppg
Temp. Effect: Calcium/Sodium
No. of Jets Press. Drop across Bit
Chloride Solutions
As solution temperature increases, the volume increases with a resultant Interpretation of answers:
decrease in density. If answer is 11.2-11.5, use (2)-11/32 and (1)-12/32; 11.5-11.8, use
Density Changeppg = 0.003 × (T1 – T2) (1)-11/32 and (2)-12.32; 11.8-12.2, use (3)-12.32.

(T1 = existing temperature °F, T2 = desired temperature °F)

Hydraulic Horsepower at Bit (HHP)
Annular Velocity (ft/min) HHP at Bit = (GPM × Pressure Drop Across Bitpsi) ÷ 1714
Annular Velocityft/min = 24.51 × GPM ÷ (Dh2 – dp2)
*Dh is hole diameter; dp is pipe diameter. Total Hydraulic Horsepower (HHP)
Est. Equivalent Circulating Density (ECD) HHP = (GPM × Total Pump Pressurepsi) ÷ 1714

For mud weights 13 ppg and less:

HHP/Square Inch of Bit Diameter
ECDppg = Mud Wtppg +
[ Yield Point × 0.1
(Dh – dp) ] = HHP at Bit

For Mud Weights greater than 13 ppg: 0.7854 × Bit Diameterin2

ECDppg = Mud Wtppg +
% HHP at Bit
[ 0.1
(Dh – dp)
×
( YP +
PV × V
300 × (Dh – dp) )] Formula using HHP: = (HHP at Bit × 100) ÷ Total HHP

Formula using pressure: = Pressure Drop Across Bit × 100

ECD Using Annular Pressure Loss
Total Pump Pressure
ECDppg = (Ann. Press. Loss ÷ .052 ÷ TVDft) + Mud Wt.ppg

GPM for Optimization: Roller Cone Bits Nozzle (Jet) Velocity (ft/sec)
= Bit sizein × *Rangegpm/in Nozzle Velocityft/sec = 418.3 × GPM
*Generally 30-50 gpm/in of bit size.
Jet12 + Jet22 + Jet32
Gallons Per Minute for PDC Bits
Minimum Flowrategpm = 12.72 × (Bit Diameterin)1.47 Impact Force (lbs)
Critical Velocity (ft/min) Impact Forcelbs = GPM × Mud Wtppg × Nozzle Velocityft/sec

Critical Velocityft/min = 60 × 1932

[ 1.08 × PV + 1.08 √ PV2 + 9.26 (Dh – dp)2 × YP × Mud Wt

Mud Wt × (Dh – dp)
] Riser Margin
Riser Marginppg = Pressure Differentialpsi

÷ (TVDft – Air Gapft) ÷ 0.052

GPM to Obtain Critical Velocity
GPM = Critical Velocity × (Dh2 – dp2)
24.51

113
Kick Info - Tables and Charts
Figure 82. Figure 83.

Kick Information
(Subsea only) Volume in Choke Linebbls =
TVD __________ft MD __________ft ID of Choke Line Squared ÷ 1029.4 = Capacitybbls/ft
× Choke Line Lengthft
SIDPP _________psi SICP __________psi
Total Annular Volumebbls =
Kick _________bbls Orig Mud Wt __________ppg
Vol. between DP & Casing + Vol. between DP & OH
+ Vol. between DC & OH + (Volume in Choke Line
Wait & Weight Worksheet
for Subsea Only)
Estimated Integrity Mud Weightppg =
Integrity Pressurepsi ÷ 0.052 ÷ Depth of Testtvd ft + Strokes Bit to Casing Shoestks =
Integrity Leak-Off Test Mud Weightppg Vol. between DP & OH + Vol. between DC & O
÷ Pump Outputbbls/stk
Estimated Integrity Pressurepsi =
Integrity Mud Weightppg – Present Mud Weightppg Strokes Bit to Surfacestks =
× Dept of Testtvd ft × 0.052 Annular Volumebbls ÷ Pump Outputbbls/stk

Adjusted Casing Yieldpsi = Total Strokes Surface to Surfacestks =

Casing Internal Yieldpsi @100% × Safety Factor (≤ 0.70) Strokes Surface to Bitstks + Strokes Bit to
(Subsea should account for seawater hydrostatic.) Surfacestks

BOP Test Pressurepsi = __________ Well Kill Check List

Kill Mud Weightppg =
SIDPP ÷ 0.052 ÷ TVDft + Present Mud Weightppg KMW _____ppg ICP _____psi FCP_____psi

Circulating Rate/BPM = Surface to Bit _____bbls _____stks

Kill Rate Speedstks/min × Pump Outputbbls/stk Bit to Casing Shoe _____bbls _____stks
Initial Circulating Pressurepsi = Bit to Surface _____bbls _____stks
SIDPPpsi + Kill Rate Pump Pressurepsi
Surface to Surface _____bbls _____stks
Final Circulating Pressurepsi = (check list info from following calculations.)
Kill Rate Pump Pressurepsi × Kill Mud Weightppg
÷ Present Mud Weightppg
Pressure Chart
Volume in Drillstringbbls = Strokes Theoretical Drillpipe Actual Drillpipe
Drillpipe (Drill Collars)ft × Capacitybbls/ft or Volume Pressure Pressure
ICP
Strokes Surface to Bitstks = 0
Drillpipe Volumebbls + DrillCollars Volumebbls
+ Surface Line Volumebbls = Drillstring Volumebbls
÷ Pump Outputbbls/stk

Volume Between DP & Casingbbls =

Casing ID Squared – OD of DP Squared ÷ 1029.4 =
Capacitybbls/ft × DP Length in Casingft

Volume Between DP & OHbbls =

Hole Size Squared – OD of DP Squared ÷ 1029.4 =
Capacitybbls/ft × DP Length in OHft

Volume Between DC & OHbbls =

Hole Size Squared – OD of DC Squared ÷ 1029.4 = BIT FCP

Capacitybbls/ft × DC Length in OHft

114
 Tables and Charts - Bullhead and Kill Fluid
Figure 84. Figure 85.

Bullhead Worksheet Kill Fluid Hydrostatic Pressurepsi =

Kill Fluid Densityppg × 0.052 × Depth (tvd) to Perfsft
Kill Fluid Densityppg =
Formation Presspsi ÷ 0.052 ÷ Depth (tvd) to Perfsft Final Est. Max. Pressure on Tubing (static)psi =
Estimated Formation Integrity Pressurepsi – Kill
Volumes and Strokes Fluid hydrostatic Pressurepsi
Tubing Volbbls = Tubing Length ft × Capacitybbls/ft
PSI per Steppsi =
Strokes Surface to EOTstks = Initial Maximum Pressure1psi – Final Maximum
Tubing Volumebbls ÷ Pump Outputbbls/stk Pressure2psi ÷ 10 (pressure chart steps)
1
lesser of initial est. max. pressure or adj. tubing yield.
Casing Volume EOT to Perfsbbls = 2
lesser of final est. max. pressure or adj. tubing yield.
Depth Perfsft – Depth EOTft × Casing Capbbls/ft

Strokes EOT to Perfsstks =

Well Kill Check List
Casing Vol. EOT to Perfsbbls ÷ Pump Outputbbls/stk Shut-in Tubing Pressure ____________psi

Strokes Surface to Perforationsstks = Shut-in Casing Pressure ____________psi

Surface to EOTstks + EOT to Perfsstks + Kill Fluid ____________ppg
(if required) Overdisplacementstks
Volume/Strokes
Barrels Surface to Perforationsbbls =
Surface to EOT _______bbls _______stks
Surface to EOTbbls + EOT to Perfsbbls +
(if required) Overdisplacementstks EOT to Perforations _______bbls _______stks
Surface to Perforations _______bbls _______stks
Strokes or Barrels per Stepstks/bbls =
Surface to Perfsstks ÷ 10 (pressure chart steps) Total to Pump _______bbls _______stks
Surface to Perfsbbls ÷ 10 (pressure chart steps)
Pressure Considerations
Tubular Pressure Considerations Initial Est. Max. Press. on Tubing ___________psi
Adjusted Casing Yieldpsi = Final Est. Max. Press. on Tubing ___________psi
Casing Internal Yieldpsi × Safety Factor (≤ 0.70) (Check list info from following calculations.)

Adjusted Tubing Collapsepsi = Pressure Chart

Tubing Collapsepsi × Safety Factor (≤ .70)
Strokes Estimated Maximum Actual Tubing
or Volume Static Pressure Pressure
Adjusted Tubing Internal Yieldpsi =
Initial
Tubing Yieldpsi × Safety Factor (≤ 0.70) 0
(If less than initial or final est. max. pressure on tubing,
do not exceed this pressure.)

Formation Pressure Considerations

Est. Formation Integrity Pressure (leak-off)psi =
Estimated Integrity Fluid Densityppg × 0.052 × Depth
(tvd) to Perfsft

Average Hydrostatic Pressure in Tubingpsi =

Formation Pressurepsi – Initial SITPpsi

Initial Est. Max. Pressure on Tubing (static)psi = Kill Point Final

Estimated Formation Integrity Pressurepsi –
Overdisplace
Average Hydrostatic Pressure in Tubingpsi

115
Pump 1 - Tables and Charts
Complete the kill sheet and use 30 strokes
per minute to kill the well with pump #1 Figure 86. Pump 1

Surface Line Volume —4.5 bbl.

Volume in Active Pits — 1,200 bbl.
Surface line Volume — 4.5 bbl.
Present Mud Weight — 11.1 ppg.
Reserve Pit Mud Weight — 11.9 ppg.

Pump #1 — 6 in. x 12 in. Triplex Pump #2 — 6 in. x 12 in. Triplex

Output — 0.105 bbls./stk. Output — 0.105 in.
Maximum Pump Pressure — 4,665 psi.
Integrity/Leak-Off Test
Mud Weight — 10.4 ppg.

Integrity/Leak-Off Test
Pressure — 1,200 psi.

Depth of Test (Shoe or Weak Zone) Drill Pipe

TVD — 5,015 ft. OD — 5 in.
ID — 4.276 in.
Well Depth Weight — 19.5 lb./ft.
TVD — 9,900 ft. Capacity — 0.01776 bbl./ft.
MD — 10,375 ft. Length —9,405 ft.

Kick Size — 15-bbls. Drill Collars

Shut-In Drill Pipe Pressure — 250 psi. OD — 6.5 in.
Shut-In Casing Pressure — 475 psi. ID — 2.8125 in.
Weight — 19.5 lb./ft.
Slow Pump Rate — Pump #1 Capacity — 0.000768 bbl./ft.
20 stk/min = 200 psi. Length —970 ft.
30 stk/min = 325 psi.
40 stk/min = 600 psi.

BOP Stack Rating — 10,000 psi.

Hole Size — 8.5 in. Bit

Casing
OD — 9 5/8 in.
ID — 4.276 in.
Weight — 43.5 lbs./ft.
Grade — C-95
Internal Yield (100%) — 7,510 psi.
Length TVD— 5,000 ft.
Length MD— 5,100 ft.

116
 Tables and Charts - Pump 1
Work Space and Notes:

117
Tables and Charts - Pump 2
Figure 87. Pump 2 Complete the kill sheet and use 30
Note: Friction pressures were taken with 11.5 ppg. Mud
strokes per minute to kill the well
with pump #1

Pump #1 — 7 in. x 12 in. Triplex Pump #2 — 7 in. x 12 in. Triplex

Output — 0.143 bbls./stk. Output — 0.143 bbls./stk.
Maximum Pump Pressure — 3295 psi.

Surface Line Volume —4.0 bbl.

Volume in Active Pits — 1600 bbl.
Surface line Volume — 4.0 bbl.
Present Mud Weight — 12.3 ppg.
Reserve Pit Mud Weight — 13.1 ppg.

Choke and Kill Line Integrity/Leak-Off Test Mud Weight

OD — 4 in. — 11.8 ppg.
ID — 3 in. Integrity/Leak-Off Test Pressure
BOP Stack Rating — 15000 psi. — 1480 psi.
Depth of Test
Casing (Shoe or Weak Zone) TVD — 8340 ft.
OD — 9 5/8 in. Well Depth
ID — 8.681 in. TVD — 10600 ft. MD — 11215 ft.
Weight — 47 lb./ft. Kick Size — 20 bbls.
Grade — P-110
Internal Yield (100%) — 9440 psi. Shut-In Drill Pipe Pressure
Length TVD— 8300 ft. — 300 psi.
Length MD— 8569 ft. Shut-In Casing Pressure
— 600 psi.
Drill Pipe
OD — 5 in. Slow Pump Rate — Pump #1
ID — 4.276 in. 20 stk./min. = 400 psi. through riser = 500
Weight — 19.5 lb./ft. psi. through choke line = 425 psi. through
Capacity — 0.01776 bbl./ft. choke and kill lines
Length — 10155 ft.
30 stk./min. = 900 psi. through riser =
Drill Collars 11250 psi. through choke line = 960 psi.
OD — 6.5 in. through choke and kill lines
ID — 2.25 in.
Capacity — 0.00491 bbl./ft. 40 stk./min. = 1600 psi. through riser =
Length — 1100 ft. 2000 psi. through choke line = 1700 psi.
through choke and kill lines
Hole Size — 8.5 in. Bit

RKB to Sea Floor — 1452 ft.

Air Gap — 60 ft.
Riser OD — 20 in.
Riser ID — 19 in.
118
 Pump 2 - Tables and Charts
Work Space and Notes:

119
Tables and Charts - Pump 3
Complete the kill sheet and use 30 strokes Figure 88. Pump 3
per minute to kill the well with pump #1

Pump #1 — 4.5 in. x 8 in. Triplex Pump #2 — 4.5 in. x 8 in.

Triplex
Output — 0.039 bbl./stk. Output — 0.039 bbl./stk.
Maximum Pump Pressure — 5,500 psi.
Shut-In Tubing Pressure —3,400 psi.
Casing Pressure — 0
Use 2 bbl. Over Displacement
Use 1 & 1.5 bbl. Kill Rate
Use Top Perforations
for pressure related calculations
Use Bottom Perforations
for volume calculations

Tree/Wellhead/BOP Stack Rating —10,000 psi.

Casing
OD — 7 in.
ID — 5.920 in.
Weight — 38 lbs./ft.
Grade — N-80
Internal Yield (100%) — 8,460 psi.
Capacity — 0.03404 bbls./ft.
Length TVD— 10,100 ft.
Length MD— 10,200 ft.
Tubing
OD — 2 7/8 in.
ID — 2.441 in.
Weight — 6.5 lbs./ft.
Capacity — 0.00579 bbl./ft.
Yield (100%) — 10,570 psi.

Circulating Port
(SSD, Sliding Sleeve, etc.)
TVD — 9,750 ft.
MD — 9,850 ft.
End of Tubing
TVD — 9,870 ft.
MD — 9,970 ft.
Use the information
Annulus Fluid Density — 10.7 ppg.
Packer Set: TVD — 9,860 ft. MD — 9,960 ft. on this page
Top Perforation: TVD — 9,900 ft. MD — 10,000 ft. to complete
Bottom Perforation: TVD — 10,000 ft. MD — 10,000
ft.
the
Formation Pressure — 5,564 psi. Bullhead Kill Sheet.
Estimated Fluid Density — 14.5 ppg.

120
 Tables and Charts - Pump 3
Work Space and Notes:

121
Answer Key - Applied Petroleum Mathematics Section
Maximum Allowable Mud Weight: 5. 817.4 bbl.
1. 14.13 ppg. and 1,114 psi. Conversions:
2. 14.36 ppg. and 923 psi. 1. 88.50 bbl.
3. 15.3 ppg. and 968 psi. 2. 124.5 ft.
4. 14 ppg. and 397 psi. 3. 37.08OC
Bottomhole Pressure and Kill Mud Weight 4. 37,044 L/min.
Exercises: 5. 4.137 bars
1. 7,575.751 ft. 6. 1,690.2OC
2. 8,746.68 ft. Capacity of Open Hole:
3. 10.9 ppg. 1. 0.33247 bbl./ft.
4. 10.83 ppg. 2. 656 bbl.
5. 10.4 ppg. Rules of Thumb:
6. 12.0 ppg. 1. 0.8 psi./ft.
7. 9,819.8 psi. Drill Pipe:
8. 57.91 psi. 1. 0.01421 bbl./ft.
9. 16.3 ppg. 2. 46.25 bbl.
10. 1,250 psi. 3. 36 bbl.
11. 9.3 ppg. and 2,285 Hevi-Wate Drill Pipe:
psi.
1. 9,900 ft.-lb.
12. 11.2 ppg.
Influx Density and Type Exercises: 2. 492,840 lb.
1. 2.5 ppg.; mostly gas Spiral Drill Collar Displacements:
Estimated Barite Requirements: 1. 0.0181 bbl./ft.
1. 2,347 bbl. 2. 16.05 bbl.
2. 1.28 sacks/bbl. I.D. and O.D. Table Conversion Charts
3. 3,004 sacks 1. 15.56 bbl.
4. 204 bbl.

122
 Applied Petroleum Mathematics Section - Answer Key
Mud Weight Adjustments: Electric Line:
1. 131 sacks 1. 3,900 lb.
2. 10.5 bbl. 2. 300oF.
Duplex Pump @ 100% Efficiency: Field to Metric Units Conversion:
1. 0.2548 bbl./stk. 1. 3,048 m.
2. 667 stk. Metric to Field Units Conversion:
Triplex Pump @ 100% Efficiency: 1. 984.24 ft.
1. 0.0154 bbl./stk. 2. 725.18 psi.
2. 0.0964 bbl./stk. Formulas and Calculations:
3. 3,735 stk. 1. 0.07076 bbl./ft.
API Tubing: 2. 7.77 bbl.
1. 10,420 lb. Bullhead and Kick Kill Sheets:
2. 115,968 1. 10.6 ppg.
lb.
2. 420.2 ft.
3. 3.068 in.
Premium Connection Tubing: 3. 1.5 ppg.
1. 0.00159 bbl./ft. Pump Exercises:
2. 0.848 in. 1. 1.6 ft./min.
3. 0.254 in. 2. 2,236 stk.
4. 55.02 bbl.
Coiled Tubing:
1. 0.03305 gal./ft.
2. 7.81 bbl.
3. 1.732 in.
4. 1.42 bbl.
5. 9,141 ft.

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