A

Micro Project Report on

Shell Script in Linux/Unix
T.Y. [Diploma in Computer Engineering]
(SEMESTER V)

Course Name
Operating System (OSY 22516)
Submitted by
1. SAYED SHAD Roll no: 40
2. SAYED NIAHL Roll no: 44
3. SAYED MAAZ Roll no: 35
4. SAYED MANNAN Roll no: 36
5. SAYED SAFI Roll no: 37

Department of Computer Engineering

Jamia Polytechnic
Akkalkuwa – 425415
[2024-25]
 MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF
TECHNICAL EDUCATION

Certificate

This is to certify that Mr. / Ms. ………………………………………

Roll No. ………………………… of Fifth Semester of Diploma in
Computer Engineering of Instite, Jamia Polytechnic, Akkalkuwa,
(Institute Code: 0366) has satisfactorily completed the Micro Project
work in Course Operating System (OSY 22516 ) for the academic
year 2024 – 2025 as prescribed in the curriculum.

Place :…………………. Enrollment No……………………

Date : …………………. Exam. Seat No……………………

Subject Teacher Head of the Department Principal

Seal of Institution
 PART A
A MICRO PROJECT ON " Shell Script in Linux/Unix"
1.0 Brief Introduction
Shell Scripting is an open-source computer program run by the Unix/Linux shell.
Shell Scripting is a program to write a series of commands for the shell to run. It
can combine lengthy and repetitive sequences of commands into a single and
simple script that can be kept and run anytime which, decreases programming
efforts.

This Shell Scripting tutorial aids in learning a basic understanding of the

Linux/Unix shell scripting program to develop concepts of Shell Scripting. This
Shell Script tutorial is designed for newbies and professionals who want to learn
what is Shell Scripting? How shell scripting works, types of shell, and more.

2.0 Aims/Benefits of the micro project

An Operating System is basically a system program that controls the execution

of application programs and acts as an interface between applications and the
computer hardware. It manages the computer system resources to be used in an
efficient manner. This course enables one to learn the internal functioning of
operating systems and will help in identifying appropriate Operating Systems for
given applications/tasks. This course is also a prerequisite for the group of courses
included in the 'Cloud Infrastructure Maintenance' Elective group.

3.0 Course outcome addressed.

b. Use operating system tools to perform various functions.

c. Execute process commands for performing process management operations,
d. Apply scheduling algorithms to calculate turnaround time and average
waiting time.
e. Calculate the efficiency of different memory management techniques.
f. Apply file management techniques.

3.0 Proposed methodology

In this project, we get information about shell scripting in Linux/Unix.

 4.0 Action Plan

Plan Plan
Sr. Name of responsible
Detail of activity start finish
No. team members
date date

1 discuss the project with the project guide

collect information from the internet and

2
textbook

collect information from the OSY

3
Operating Systems 22516 reference book

4 arrange all information in ms word

5 Prepare a report on it using MS word

6 print micro project

5.0 Resources used

Sr. no. Name of resource material Specifications Quantity

1 computer Windows 10 1

2 Internet YouTube / Wikipedia

1
3 textbook/manual OSY Operating Systems 22516
 PART B
Micro-Project Report
A MICRO PROJECT ON "Shell Script in Linux/Unix"
1.0 Brief Introduction
Shell Scripting is an open-source computer program run by the Unix/Linux shell.
Shell Scripting is a program to write a series of commands for the shell to run. It
can combine lengthy and repetitive sequences of commands into a single and
simple script that can be kept and run anytime which, decreases programming
efforts.

This Shell Scripting tutorial aids in learning a basic understanding of the

Linux/Unix shell scripting program to develop concepts of Shell Scripting. This
Shell Script tutorial is designed for newbies and professionals who want to learn
what is Shell Scripting? How shell scripting works, types of shell, and more.

What is Shell ?

Shell is a UNIX term for an interface between a user and an operating system
service. Shell delivers users with an interface and receives human-readable
commands into the system and performs those commands which can run
automatically and give the program’s output in a shell script.

An Operating is created of many components, but its two prime components are
–

 Kernel
 Shell
A Kernel is at the heart of a computer. It completes the communication between
the hardware and software possible. While the Kernel is the innermost part of an
operating system, a shell is the outermost one.

Types of Shell
There are two main shells in Linux:

1. The Bourne Shell: The prompt for this shell is $ and its derivatives are listed
below:

 POSIX shell also is known as bash

 Korn Shell also known as bash
 Bourne Again Shell also known as bash (most popular)

2. The C shell: The prompt for this shell is %, and its subcategories are:

 C shell also is known as bash

 Tops C shell also is known as bash

Steps to Write Shell Script in Linux/Unix

Shell Scripts are written utilizing text editors. On your Linux system, open a
text editor program, open a new file to begin typing a shell script or shell
programming, then give the shell permission to complete your shell script and
put your script at the location from where the shell can locate it.

Let us understand the steps in making a Shell Script:

1. Create a file utilizing a vi editor (or any other editor). Name script file
with extension .bash
2. Start the script with #! /bin/bash
3. Write some code.
4. Save the script file as filename.sh
5. For running the script type bash filename.sh

“#!” is an operator named shebang which directs the script to the interpreter's
location. So, if we use”#! /bin/bash” the script gets directed to the Bourne-shell.

Let’s create a small script –

* #! /bin/bash la

Steps to create Shell Script Programs in Linux/Unix –

Command ‘Is’ is run when we complete the scrip sample.sh file.

Adding shell comments

Commenting is important in any program. In Shell programming, the syntax to
add a comment is

* #comment
 What are Shell Variables?
Variables store data in the form of characters and numbers. Likewise, Shell
variables are utilized to store information and they can be by the shell only.

For example, the following creates a shell variable and then prints it:

variable ="Hello"

echo $variable

Below is a small script that will use a variable.

echoecho $variable
$variable

echo "I am $remawhat is your name?"

read name
echo $variable

echo "How do you do, $name?"

read remark
echo "I am $remark too!"

The steps to create and execute the script

As you see, the program determined the value of the variable ‘name’ as Joy and
‘remark’ as excellent. This is a simple script. You can create advanced scripts
which contain conditional statements, loops, and functions. Shell scripting will
make your life easy and Linux administration a breeze.

Summary:

 The kernel is the heart of the operating systems, and it communicates

between hardware and software
 Shell is a program that interprets user commands through CLI like
Terminal
 The Bourne shell and the C shell are the most used shells in Linux
 Linux Shell scripting is writing a series of commands for the shell to
execute
 Shell variables store the value of a string or a number for the shell to read
 Shell scripting in Linux can help you make complex programs containing
conditional statements, loops, and functions
 Basic Shell Scripting Commands in Linux: cat, more, less, head, tail,
mkdir, cp, mv, rm, touch, grep, Sort, wc, Cut, and, more.
  2.0 Actual Resources Use

Sr. no. Name of resource material Specifications Quantity

1 computer Windows 10 1

2 Internet YouTube/geek for geeks

3 textbook/manual OSY Operating Systems 22516 1



 3.0 Outputs of the Micro-Project

 In this project, we successfully get information about the shell scripting in

Linux/Unix. TECHNOLOGIES

 4.0 Skill Developed / Learning outcomes of this Micro-Project

1. Increase knowledge about shell scripting in Linux/Unix.

2. Experience teamwork
3. Increase communication skill
4. Know about shell scripting in Linux/Unix.

Conclusion

A shell script is a text file that includes a sequence of commands for a UNIX-
based operating system. It is called a shell script because it combines a sequence
of commands, That would otherwise have to be typed into the keyboard one at a
time, into a single script.