Qualitat

ive
Research
Learning Objective
chooses appropriate qualitative
research design (CS_RS11- IVa-c-1)
POST THE QUESTION (3 minutes)
Individual: Cite issues, concerns or
problems that you have encountered
(individual, community & society).
Then, choose one which interests you
the most.
GROUP ACTIVITY (5 minutes)
Choose an issue/problem/concern that you want to
focus on. Pretend that you are conducting the
study. Answer the following questions to illustrate
your plan.
1. Issue/Problem/Concern:
2. Specific field:
3. Why do you find this particular problem interesting?
Research Design
• a structure for the collection and analysis
of data
• rational and coherent overall plan that
the researcher uses to incorporate all the
components of the research study
• Research blueprint
• requires you to finalize your mind on the
purpose,
• conceptual basis, and types of data,
including your method of collecting,
analyzing, interpreting, and presenting
the data
 Qualitative
Research
Design
• a variety of approaches and methods
that differ significantly in terms of
emphasis, assumptions about the
nature of knowledge, and the position
of the researcher
• excellent at addressing “How?” and
“What?” questions (“Whether” or “if”
for quantitative)
 Case Study
Ethnography
Ground Theory
Phenomenology
Narrative Inquiry
 Case Study
• based on an in-depth analysis of a
particular person, group or occurrence
to investigate causation
• context of the case requires situating
the case within its physical, social,
historical, and/or economic context
• an empirical investigation that
explores, in its real-life context, a
contemporary phenomenon,
particularly when the boundaries
between phenomenon and context are
not clearly evident
 Advantages Disadvantages
• More understanding of complex • Intense exposure to the study
issues may bias the researcher’s
• Apply a variety of methodologies interpretation of the findings
and sources to investigate a • Design does not facilitate the
research problem assessment of cause and effect
• Extend experience or add relationships
strength to what is already • Vital information may be
known through previous research missing, making the case hard to
• Most widely used by social interpret
scientists to examine • The case may not be
contemporary real-life situations representative or typical of the
and provide the basis for the larger problem being investigated
application of concepts
• It can provide detailed
descriptions of specific and rare
cases
Purpos Analys Outcom
Method
e is es
Example:

This case study research provides a real-life

understanding of the issue of K to12 implementation in
education.
Sample Research
Titles:
• Internationalizing the Basic Education Curriculum: A
Philippine Case Study
• School Viability: A Case Study of Victoria Heights School in
Manila
• Entrepreneurial University: A Case Study of De La Salle –
Araneta University, Philippines
• Team Effectiveness in an Academic School Organization: A
Multiple Case Study
 Ethnography
• greek ethnos = folk/people &
graphien=writing
• the direct description of a group,
society, or culture
• An analysis of people’s cultural trends
and their ethnic perspective as a
group. It includes their beliefs, values,
and behaviors as well.
• the analysis of social interactions,
attitudes, and perceptions that take
place within social groups, teams,
organizations, and societies
Purpos Analys Outcom
Method
e is es
Example:

While the study focuses on a very local orientation, it takes cognizance of the
community‘s enrollment in a bigger polity: national and global economic and political
spaces. Thus, the study focuses on what local life means and exemplifies the epoch of a fast-globalizing world. It
highlights the enduring importance of the local link in this case to the people in the fishing community‘s relative
immobility and marginal position in the sphere of the Philippine economy in particular and the global economy in general.
Sample Research
Titles:
• A ‘Balikbayan’ in the field: Scaling and (Re)producing
insider’s identity in a Philippine fishing community
• The Kinship of Everyday Need: Relatedness and Survival in
a Philippine Fishing Community
• Bagong Silang Community: An Ethnographic Study of
Strategies of Survival
• A Story of High School Inclusion: An Ethnographic Case
Study
 Ground Theory
• allow you to develop theory that
describes the primary concern of the
population of your substantive region
and how that concern is addressed or
processed
• approach that generates and modifies
a theory
• a systematic inductive approach for
conducting qualitative research aimed
toward theory development.
Purpos Analys Outcom
Method
e is es
Example:

The narratives revealed a rich and contextualized overview that lay a foundation for understanding the
perceptions and experiences of Filipino women and men living with intimate partner violence. The data point to recurrent
themes of poverty, gambling, alcohol, and drug use, poor communication skills, jealousy, and philandering. Violation of the
dignity of a person that brought with it children as victims were implicated in the cycle of violence.
In addition, value formation was cited as an integral aspect of rehabilitation programs. The qualitative data in
this grounded theory research illustrate the complexity of intimate partner violence in Filipino homes. The need for
education about spousal violence and the presence of a support system for protection, counseling, and rehabilitation are
prominent keys to reducing violence in Filipino Homes.
Sample Research
Titles:
• Perceptions of Filipino Women and Men on Intimate Partner
Violence
• Becoming Selfless: A Grounded Theory of Commitment to
Service
• For Person to Father: A Grounded Theory of Male Gender
Identity Formation
• Investigating Food Development in an Area of Philippines:
An Explorative Study Using a Grounded Theory Approach
 Phenomenology
• Describes the importance of the
experiences of a certain principle
phenomenon encountered by an
individual or group of individuals.
• A chosen phenomenon focuses on the
individual's subjective experience and
attempts to explain a phenomenon's
meaning or form from the viewpoint of
others who have encountered it.
Purpos Analys Outcom
Method
e is es
Example:

The results of the study revealed that the experiences of Filipino physician-turned nurses involved
multidimensional issues, both in the contexts of emigration and a professional shift from physician to nurse. Being the first
of its kind, this study will enlighten society of the lived experiences of Filipino physicians who compromise professional
integrity by working as nurses just to migrate to the United States. Furthermore, this research study will contribute to the
existing literature on cross-cultural adaptation, particularly involving role compromise in an unfamiliar social and cultural
context.
Sample Research
Titles:
• Social Futures of Global Climate Change: A Structural
Phenomenology
• The Importance of Feeling Awkward: A Dialogical Narrative
Phenomenology of Socially Awkward Situations
• Social Responsibility: A Phenomenology of Perceived-
Successful Student Leadership Experience
• Emotions in the Flesh: A Phenomenology of Emotions in the
Lived Body
 Narrative
Inquiry
• study of life experiences (for example,
life stories, narrative interviews,
magazines, diaries, memoirs,
autobiographies, biographies)
understood narratively
• method of collecting information
through storytelling for the purpose of
research, more specifically it studies
people’s lives and asks one or more
individuals to provide stories about
their lives
• information is then retold or re-storied
by the researcher into a narrative
chronology.
Purpos Analys Outcom
Method
e is es
Example:

The study yielded four significant themes that describe how Filipino teachers as
relational people experience and interpret supportive relationships in the school setting. These
include supportive relationships as (1) a life-giving force; (2) an extension of one‘s family; (3) a
reciprocal process; and (4) a work still in progress.
Sample Research
Titles:
• Enhancing the Transparency of Accounting Research: The
Case of Narrative Analysis
• The Narrative Research Trail: Values of Ambiguity and
Relationships
• Narrative Inquiry: Approaches to Language and Literacy
Research
• Through the Looking Glass Space of New Ways to Knowing:
A Personal Research Narrative
Types of Qualitative
Research
Case Study

Ethnography

Grounded Theory

Phenomenology

Narrative Inquiry
 Exercise
Determine the qualitative
research design appropriate
for the following research
topics.
1. Spending half a
year living with
the people in
Surigao City.
a. Case Study
b. Ethnography
c. Grounded Theory
d. Phenomenology
e. Narrative Inquiry
1. Spending half a
year living with
the people in
Surigao City.
a. Case Study
b. Ethnography
c. Grounded Theory
d. Phenomenology
e. Narrative Inquiry
2. Impact of the
implementation of
COVID -19 health
protocols in all
establishments on
Consumer Behavior.
a. Case Study
b. Ethnography
c. Grounded Theory
d. Phenomenology
e. Narrative Inquiry
2. Impact of the
implementation of
COVID -19 health
protocols in all
establishments on
Consumer Behavior.
a. Case Study
b. Ethnography
c. Grounded Theory
d. Phenomenology
e. Narrative Inquiry
3. Biographical research
of teacher’s experience
of supportive
relationships with
colleagues.
a. Case Study
b. Ethnography
c. Grounded Theory
d. Phenomenology
e. Narrative Inquiry
3. Biographical research
of teacher’s experience
of supportive
relationships with
colleagues.
a. Case Study
b. Ethnography
c. Grounded Theory
d. Phenomenology
e. Narrative Inquiry
4. Post-traumatic
experiences of the
COVID-19 survivors.
a. Case Study
b. Ethnography
c. Grounded Theory
d. Phenomenology
e. Narrative Inquiry
4. Post-traumatic
experiences of the
COVID-19 survivors.
a. Case Study
b. Ethnography
c. Grounded Theory
d. Phenomenology
e. Narrative Inquiry
5. Study of experiences
on helping
professionals with
learning disabilities.
a. Case Study
b. Ethnography
c. Grounded Theory
d. Phenomenology
e. Narrative Inquiry
5. Study of experiences
on helping
professionals with
learning disabilities.
a. Case Study
b. Ethnography
c. Grounded Theory
d. Phenomenology
e. Narrative Inquiry
References