CL II Lab Manual - Qai Eac

Computer Laboratory-II B.E.
(Sem-I) [2024-25]
Dr. D. Y. Patil Pratishthan’s

D. Y. PATIL COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
_____________________________________ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
Department of
Artificial Intelligence and Data Science
LAB MANUAL
Computer Laboratory-II
E. A Y 2024-25 Semester I
Prepared by:
Dr. Bhagyashree A. Tingare
Mrs.Nita J.Mahale
1 Department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science, DYPCOE, Pune

Computer Laboratory-II B.E.(Sem-I) [2024-25]
Computer Laboratory -II

Course Course Teaching Scheme Credits
Code Name (Hrs./ Week)
417526 Computer Laboratory-II: Quantum AI 4 2
417526 Computer Laboratory-II: Enterprise 4 2
Architecture and Components
Course Objectives:
 To develop real-world problem-solving ability
● To enable the student to apply AI techniques in applications that involve perception, reasoning, and
planning
● To work in a team to build industry-compliant Quantum AI applications
Course Outcomes:
On completion of the course, learner will be able to–
 CO1: Evaluate and apply core knowledge of Quantum AI to various real-world problems.
 CO2: Illustrate and demonstrate Quantum AI tools for different dynamic applications.
Course Objectives:
 Describe structure, components, and design of an organizations in EA related to Business
 and IT
 Select different tools for Enterprise Architecture Framework
Course Outcomes:
 CO1: Design Enterprise Architecture framework using tools
 CO2: Build various reports based on Enterprise Architecture
Operating System recommended: Practical can be performed on suitable development platform

Table of Contents
Sr. Title of Experiment CO Page

No Mapping No
Quantum Artificial Intelligence
1 Implementations of 16 Qubit Random Number Generator CO1 05
2 Tackle Noise with Error Correction CO1, 08

CO2
3 Implement Quantum Teleportation algorithm in Python. CO1, CO2 11
4 The Randomized Benchmarking Protocol. CO1,CO2 15

5 Implementing a 5 qubit Quantum Fourier Transform. CO2 19
Enterprise Architecture and Components

1 Write a short report on planning, securing, and governing the enterprise architecture CO1
2 Sketch enterprise architecture with emerging technologies such as cloud / IoT / AI / CO2
Blockchain.
3 Design and Implement enterprise architecture using TOGAF for banking/healthcare CO4
domain.
4 Design an enterprise information architecture that includes a detailed component CO4
model and operational model.
5 Design and implement an enterprise architecture framework for a hypothetical organization, CO6
considering the key components such as business architecture and technology architecture

Lab Assignment No. 1
Title
Implementations of 16 Qubit Random Number Generator
Roll No.
Class BE
Date of Completion
Subject Computer Laboratory-II :Quantum AI
Assessment Marks
Assessor's Sign

ASSIGNMENT No: 01
Title: Implementations of 16 Qubit Random Number Generator
Problem Statement: Implementations of 16 Qubit Random Number Generator
Prerequisite:
Basics of Python
Software Requirements: Jupyter
Hardware Requirements:
PIV, 2GB RAM, 500 GB HDD
Learning Objectives:
Learn to build 16 Qubit Random Number Generator
Outcomes:
After completion of this assignment students are able to understand how to build 16 Qubit Random
Number Generator.
Theory: A 16-qubit random number generator is a device or system that utilizes a quantum computer's 16
qubits (quantum bits) to generate random numbers. Unlike classical computers that rely on deterministic
algorithms to generate pseudo-random numbers, quantum computers leverage the inherent uncertainty and
superposition properties of quantum states to create genuinely unpredictable outcomes.
In a 16-qubit random number generator, the qubits are prepared in specific quantum states that undergo
controlled operations, leading to an entangled quantum state. The final measurement of these qubits in their
entangled state produces a sequence of random bits that are the result of quantum effects. Due to the
probabilistic nature of quantum measurements, the outcome cannot be predicted with certainty, ensuring the
generated numbers are truly random.
These quantum random number generators have applications in various fields such as cryptography, secure
communications, simulations, and scientific research, where high-quality random numbers are crucial for
ensuring security and enhancing the performance of certain algorithms.
A 16-qubit random number generator uses quantum bits to create truly unpredictable numbers. Its applications
include:

Super Secure Codes: Generates keys for ultra-safe encryption.
Unhackable Messages: Makes sure messages stay private in communication.
Better Guesses: Improves computer predictions and simulations.
Fair Selection: Helps pick nodes fairly in blockchain networks.
Smarter AI Learning: Adds randomness to help AI learn better.
Cool Creative Stuff: Creates unique art and surprises for entertainment.
Steps:
 Step 1: Initialize the quantum and classical registers

 Step 2: Create the circuit
 Step 3: Apply a Hadamard gate to all qubits
 Step 4: Measure the qubits
Output:
Conclusion: I have understood how to generate 16 Qubit Random Number Generator.

Title
Tackle Noise with Error Correction
Roll No.
Class BE
Date of Completion
Subject Computer Laboratory-II: Quantum AI
Assessment Marks
Assessor's Sign

ASSIGNMENT No: 02
Title: Tackle Noise with Error Correction
Problem Statement: Tackle Noise with Error Correction
Prerequisite:
Basics of Python
Learn to Tackle Noise with Error Correction
Outcomes:
After completion of this assignment students are able to understand how to Tackle Noise with Error
Correction
Theory: Tackling noise with error correction is a crucial concept in quantum computing to ensure the
reliability and accuracy of quantum computations. Here's a brief description:
In a quantum computer, quantum bits (qubits) are susceptible to errors due to external factors like temperature
fluctuations or electromagnetic interference. These errors can disrupt the delicate quantum states required for
computation. Error correction involves using additional qubits and quantum operations to detect and rectify
errors, maintaining the integrity of quantum information.
Quantum error correction codes encode the logical qubits across multiple physical qubits in a way that allows
errors to be detected and corrected without directly measuring the quantum state. This is achieved through
carefully designed quantum gates that manipulate the qubits and enable error detection. If an error is detected,
the information can be recovered through quantum operations, ensuring the correct outcome of the
computation.
Error correction techniques, such as the surface code or the stabilizer codes, help extend the lifespan of
quantum information and enable quantum computers to perform complex computations with high accuracy.
However, error correction comes at the cost of requiring additional qubits and more intricate quantum
operations, which poses a challenge in terms of hardware and computational resources.
A brief description of how error correction helps tackle noise in quantum computing, presented in bullet points:

Error Vulnerability: Quantum computers use delicate quantum states (qubits) that are sensitive to external
factors, leading to errors in computations.
Quantum Error Correction: Error correction is a technique to mitigate errors by encoding qubits across multiple
physical qubits in a way that allows errors to be detected and corrected.
Error Detection: Quantum error correction codes involve measuring specific properties of the encoded qubits
without directly measuring the fragile quantum state.
Tackling noise with error correction in quantum computing offers several key advantages that are pivotal for the
reliable and practical implementation of quantum technologies. Here are its advantages:
Enhanced Reliability: Error correction enables quantum computations to remain accurate and reliable even in
the presence of noisy and error-prone quantum hardware.
Extended Qubit Lifespan: By actively identifying and correcting errors, error correction helps maintain the
coherence and stability of quantum states, prolonging the effective lifespan of qubits.
Higher-Quality Results: The use of error correction ensures that the outcomes of quantum computations are
closer to the desired results, minimizing the impact of errors on the f inal output.
Steps-
1. Identify the noisy channel.
2. Choose an error correction technique.
3. Implement error detection and correction.
4. Integrate into your system.
5. Test and optimize.
6. Monitor and maintain.
7. OUTPUT:
Conclusion: I have understood how to Tackle Noise with Error Correction

Title
Implement Quantum Teleportation algorithm in Python.
Roll No.
Class BE
Date of Completion
Subject Computer Laboratory-II: : Quantum AI
Assessment Marks
Assessor's Sign

ASSIGNMENT No: 03
Title: Implement Quantum Teleportation algorithm in Python.
Problem Statement: Implement Quantum Teleportation algorithm in Python.
Prerequisite:
Basics of Python
Learn to Implement Quantum Teleportation algorithm in Python.
Outcomes:
After completion of this assignment students are able to understand Implement Quantum Teleportation
algorithm in Python.
Theory: Quantum teleportation is a fundamental concept in quantum mechanics that allows the transfer of
quantum information from one location to another without the physical transfer of particles. It's important to
note that this process doesn't involve "teleporting" matter in the way it's often depicted in science fiction;
rather, it's a transfer of quantum states between particles. Here's a detailed explanation of quantum
teleportation:
Entanglement and Quantum States:
Entanglement is a phenomenon in quantum mechanics where two or more particles become correlated in such
a way that the state of one particle is dependent on the state of another, even when they are separated by
large distances.
Quantum states, such as the spin or polarization of particles, can be in superposition, meaning they exist
in acombination of multiple states simultaneously.
Principle of Quantum Teleportation:
Quantum teleportation involves transferring the complete quantum state of one particle (the "sender" or
"Alice's" qubit) to another distant particle (the "receiver" or "Bob's" qubit) through entanglement and classical
communication.

The sender and receiver particles are entangled beforehand, usually using a process like the Bell state
measurement.
Teleportation Process:
Assume Alice has a qubit in an unknown state she wants to teleport to Bob.
Alice and Bob share an entangled pair of qubits. This shared entanglement serves as the "quantum channel" for
teleportation.
Alice performs a joint measurement (Bell measurement) on her qubit and the qubit she wants to teleport. This
measurement collapses both qubits into one of four Bell states.
Classical Communication:
Alice sends the result of her Bell measurement to Bob using classical communication. This result consists of two
classical bits of information.
Conditional Operations by Bob:
Based on the information received from Alice, Bob applies specific quantum gates to his qubit to transform it
into the desired state.
Bob's qubit now holds the quantum state that was initiallyon Alice's qubit. The state has effectively
"teleported" from Alice to Bob.
Properties and Implications:
Quantum teleportation ensures the transfer of the exact quantum state, including its superposition and
entanglement properties.
It's important to note that the process involves destroying the original state on Alice's qubit. The no-cloning
theorem of quantum mechanics prevents exact copying of an arbitrary quantum state.
Applications:
Quantum teleportation is a crucial building block for various quantum communication and quantum networking
protocols.
It's used in quantum cryptography for secure key distribution, quantum teleportation-based quantum repeaters
for long-distance quantum communication, and potentially in future quantum computing architectures.
Quantum teleportation showcases the non-intuitive and unique aspects of quantum mechanics, demonstrating
the entanglement and superposition properties that distinguish quantum systems from classical ones.

Steps-
1. Import the necessary libraries (Quantum Circuit, Aer, execute, plot_bloch_multivector, and
plot_histogram).
2. Create a quantum circuit with three qubits and three classical bits.
3.Prepare the initial state by applying gates to create entanglement.
4.Perform the teleportation protocol by applying gates and measurements.
Output:
Conclusion: I have understood the implementation of Quantum Teleportation algorithm in Python.

Title
The Randomized Benchmarking Protocol
Roll No.
Class BE
Date of Completion
Assessment Marks
Assessor's Sign

ASSIGNMENT No: 04
Title: The Randomized Benchmarking Protocol.
Problem Statement: The Randomized Benchmarking Protocol
Prerequisite:
Basics of Python
Learn to Implement the Randomized Benchmarking Protocol
Outcomes:
After completion of this assignment students are able to understand the Randomized Benchmarking
Protocol
Theory: Randomized Benchmarking Protocol (RB) is a technique used in quantum information science to
assess the quality of quantum gates and operations in a quantum computing system. Quantum gates are the
fundamental building blocks of quantum circuits, and their accurate implementation is crucial for the reliable
execution of quantum algorithms. RB provides a standardized way to quantify the error rates of these gates and
to characterize the overall performance of a quantum processor.
Basic Idea: RB involves applying a sequence of random gate operations (also known as "cliffords") to a quantum
state, followed by an inverse sequence of gates to return the state to its original form. The error accumulation
during this process provides insight into the overall gate quality.
Randomized Operations (Clifford Gates):
RB employs sequences of random Clifford gates, which are a well-defined set of quantum gates with known
mathematical properties. Clifford gates are chosen because they are easily implementable and form a universal
set, meaning they can be combined to approximate any quantum operation.

Procedure:
The RB procedure can be broken down into the following steps:
Choose a set of Clifford gates to use in the protocol.
Create a random sequence of Clifford gates, also known as a "randomized sequence."
Apply the randomized sequence to a specific initial quantum state, often the logical zero state (|0⟩).
Apply the inverse of the randomized sequence to the resulting quantum state to attempt to return it to the
initial state.
Advantages:
RB has several advantages, including:
It is relatively robust to certain types of errors, making it suitable for characterizing gate quality in noisy
quantum systems.
It provides a standardized metric for comparing the performance of gates across different quantum computing
platforms.
It is a practical tool for identifying areas of improvement in gate operations and guiding error correction
strategies.
12. Limitations:
RB has some limitations:
It assumes that errors are largely independent and do not exhibit strong correlations over the gate sequence.
It only provides information about the average gate fidelity and doesn't capture the entire error spectrum.
13. Applications:
RB is widely used by researchers, engineers, and practitioners in the quantum computing field for:
Benchmarking and validating quantum hardware by quantifying gate performance.
Identifying areas for gate operation enhancement and optimization.
Guiding error mitigation and error correction efforts.

In summary, the Randomized Benchmarking Protocol is a powerful technique for assessing the quality of
quantum gates by subjecting them to randomized gate sequences and analyzing the decay in fidelity. It offers
insights into the average error rates of quantum operations and plays a crucial role in characterizing and
improving the performance of quantum computing systems.
 Steps-

Import the necessary libraries (qiskit, numpy, matplotlib, etc.).
 Define a benchmarking sequence of random Clifford gates.
 Create benchmarking circuits by applying the sequence to qubits.
 Execute the circuits on a quantum simulator or device.
 Analyze the measurement data to calculate fidelity and error rates.
 Visualize the results by plotting the fidelity decay curve.
Output:
Conclusion: I have understood working of the Randomized Benchmarking Protocol.

Title
Implementing a 5 qubit Quantum Fourier Transform
Roll No.
Class BE
Date of Completion
Assessment Marks
Assessor's Sign

ASSIGNMENT No: 05
Title: Implementing a 5 qubit Quantum Fourier Transform
Problem Statement: Implementing a 5 qubit Quantum Fourier Transform
Prerequisite:
Basics of Python
Learn to Implement 5 qubit Quantum Fourier Transform
Outcomes:
After completion of this assignment students are able to understand the Randomized Benchmarking
Protocol
Theory: The Quantum Fourier Transform (QFT) is a fundamental operation in quantum computing that plays
a crucial role in many quantum algorithms, including Shor's algorithm for integer factorization and quantum
phase estimation. The QFT essentially performs a discrete Fourier transform on the amplitudes of a quantum
state, leading to a change in the basis of the state.
Steps of performing a 5-qubit Quantum Fourier Transform:
1. Initial State:
Start with a 5-qubit quantum register initialized in the computational basis state |0⟩. This means that all qubits
are in the state |0⟩.
|00000⟩
2. Apply Hadamard Gates:
Apply a Hadamard gate to each qubit. The Hadamard gate creates a superposition of the basis states.

(H ⊗ H ⊗ H ⊗ H ⊗ H) |00000⟩ = (1/√32) ∑x=0^31 |x⟩
Here, ∑x=0^31 indicates a sum over all possible 5-bit binary numbers.
3. Apply Controlled Rotations:
Apply controlled-phase rotations to create the quantum interference necessary for the Fourier transformation.
This involves applying controlled Rk gates, where k is determined by the qubit index and rotation angle. For a 5-
qubit QFT, the rotations are defined as follows:
C-R1: Rotate qubit 1 by π/2
4. Swap Qubits:
Perform a series of controlled-swap operations (also known as swap gates) to rearrange the qubits. Swapping
qubits is necessary to achieve the desired QFT ordering of amplitudes.
5. Measurement:
Perform measurements on each qubit to collapse the quantum state into classical bit strings. The measurement
outcomes provide the results of the Quantum Fourier Transform in terms of the probabilities of different bit
strings.
The final measurement outcomes will represent the amplitudes in the new basis, which corresponds to the
Fourier transformed values of the input state. The probability distribution of the measurement outcomes
should ideally match the QFT of the original state.
It's important to note that implementing the Quantum Fourier Transform on real quantum hardware can be
challenging due to the sensitivity of quantum states to errors and noise. As a result, practical implementations
may require error correction techniques and careful calibration of quantum gates.

The 5-qubit Quantum Fourier Transform serves as a building block for more complex quantum algorithms and
demonstrates the power of quantum computing in efficiently performing certain mathematical operations that
are classically hard to compute.
 Steps
 Import the necessary libraries: Import the required libraries for quantum circuit creation and execution
 Create a quantum circuit with 5 qubits.
 Apply Hadamard gates to each qubit.
 Apply controlled phase shift gates to implement the QFT.
 Measure the qubits to obtain the final result.
Key Properties:
1. The Quantum Fourier Transform takes advantage of quantum parallelism to perform computations on
multiple states simultaneously.
2. The QFT is a critical component of Shor's algorithm for integer factorization, where it enables efficient
period finding.
3. The QFT is used in quantum phase estimation to estimate eigenvalues of unitary operators, which is
crucial for various quantum algorithms.
4. The QFT plays a role in quantum algorithms for solving problems in number theory, cryptography, and
optimization.
Conclusion: I have understood the implementation of a 5 qubit Quantum Fourier Transform.

Sr. Title of Experiment CO Page
No Mapping No
En t e r p ri s e ar c h i t e c tu r e
& Co mp o n e n ts
1 Write a short report on planning, securing, and governing the enterprise architecture. CO1
2 Sketch enterprise architecture with emerging technologies such as cloud / IoT / AI / CO1
Blockchain.
3 Design and Implement enterprise architecture using TOGAF for banking/healthcare CO2
domain.
4 Design enterprise security architecture using SABSA for Finance / Defense/Agriculture CO 2

domain.
5 Design and implement an enterprise architecture framework for a hypothetical CO2
organization, considering the key components such as business architecture and technology
architecture
Title Write a short report on planning, securing, and governing the enterprise
architecture
Roll No.
Class BE
Date of Completion
Subject Computer Laboratory-II
Assessment Marks
Assessor's Sign
ASSIGNMENT No: 01
Aim: The aim of this comprehensive report is to delve deeply into the multifaceted aspects of planning,
securing, and governing enterprise architecture. In today's dynamic and technology-driven business
environment, a strategic approach to managing enterprise architecture is critical for organizations to
attain their goals, ensure data security, maximize operational efficiency, and foster innovation.
Problem Statement: Modern organizations grapple with a range of challenges in relation to their
enterprise architecture:
 Complexity: Enterprises often operate intricate IT landscapes, incorporating a myriad of systems,
applications, databases, and technologies. This complexity can impede agility and hinder
decision-making.
 Security: The escalating threat landscape demands robust security measures to protect sensitive
data and intellectual property. Weaknesses or lapses in the architecture can lead to devastating
data breaches and financial losses.
 Alignment with Business Objectives: Effective enterprise architecture should be intricately tied
to an organization's strategic objectives. Misalignment can result in wasted resources and a
failure to capitalize on emerging opportunities.
 Governance: Without proper governance, enterprise architecture can become fragmented,
leading to inconsistencies in practices, suboptimal resource allocation, and misalignment with
overarching business goals.
Requirements: To effectively address the aforementioned challenges, several critical requirements must
be met:
 Clear Strategy: Organizations should develop a well-defined enterprise architecture strategy
that harmonizes with their business objectives. This necessitates the identification of key
stakeholders, establishment of architectural principles, and the creation of a coherent roadmap
for architecture development.
 Risk Assessment: Regular and comprehensive risk assessments should be conducted to
proactively identify vulnerabilities within the architecture. Subsequently, mitigation measures,
including access controls, encryption, and authentication mechanisms, should be deployed to
mitigate these risks. Staying abreast of evolving cybersecurity threats is paramount.
 Documentation: A robust documentation framework must be maintained to chronicle the
current and target states of enterprise architecture. This documentation serves as a critical
resource for both strategic decision-making and operational continuity.
 Standardization: The implementation of architectural standards and best practices is vital in
reducing complexity and ensuring consistency across the enterprise. This includes the utilization
of well-established frameworks like TOGAF or Zachman.
 Governance Framework: A governance framework should be meticulously established to
oversee and manage all enterprise architecture activities. This entails the definition of clear roles
and responsibilities, the creation of review boards, and the enforcement of compliance with
architectural standards and policies.
Report:
Planning Enterprise Architecture: Effective planning is the cornerstone of sound enterprise
architecture management. Organizations must begin by thoroughly understanding their strategic
objectives and then delineate how their enterprise architecture can support and further these goals. Key
activities include identifying stakeholders, defining architectural principles, and creating a detailed
roadmap for architecture development.
Securing Enterprise Architecture: Security is non-negotiable in today's digital landscape.

Organizations must consistently assess security risks within their enterprise architecture and implement
robust measures to safeguard against threats. These measures include but are not limited to access
controls, encryption, authentication mechanisms, and continuous monitoring. Staying informed about
the evolving threat landscape and adhering to best practices is essential.
Governing Enterprise Architecture: Governance plays a pivotal role in ensuring the coherence
and effectiveness of enterprise architecture. Establishing a governance framework involves defining
clear processes and structures to manage and control architectural activities. This encompasses the
formation of review boards, the assignment of roles and responsibilities, and the enforcement of
compliance with architectural standards and policies. Effective governance ensures that the enterprise
architecture remains aligned with the organization's strategic direction and optimally supports its
objectives.
Conclusion: In conclusion, the planning, securing, and governing of enterprise architecture are
multifaceted endeavors that are indispensable to the success and resilience of modern organizations. A
well-structured and strategically aligned enterprise architecture not only enables agility and innovation
but also fortifies an organization's defenses against an ever-evolving threat landscape. By prioritizing
these aspects, organizations can optimize their IT infrastructure, mitigate risks, and foster a culture of
innovation, thereby positioning themselves for sustained success in today's competitive business
environment. It is imperative that organizations embrace these principles to navigate the complex
landscape of enterprise architecture effectively.
Lab Assignment 02
No.
Title Sketch enterprise architecture with emerging technologies such as
cloud / IoT / AI / Blockchain.
Roll No.
Class BE
Date of Completion
Assessment Marks
Assessor's Sign
ASSIGNMENT No: 02
Aim: The aim of this sketch for enterprise architecture is to harness the potential of emerging
technologies, specifically cloud computing, the Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI), and
blockchain, to drive innovation, enhance operational efficiency, and secure data within organizations.
The objective is to create an integrated architectural framework that leverages these technologies to
address contemporary business challenges and opportunities.
Problem Statement: Modern enterprises face a range of challenges, including:

 Data Explosion: The exponential growth of data requires scalable storage and processing
solutions.
 Complexity: Managing diverse IT ecosystems with legacy systems can be complex and
inefficient.
 Security: Protecting sensitive data from cyber threats is paramount, especially in an increasingly
connected world.
 Efficiency: Organizations need to streamline processes and reduce costs to stay competitive.
 Transparency: Trust and transparency in data and transactions are essential for modern
businesses.
Requirements: To harness emerging technologies effectively, enterprises must meet several

requirements:
 Scalability: The architecture should be scalable to handle the growing volume of data and
computational demands.
 Interoperability: Integration with existing systems and emerging technologies is crucial for
seamless operations.
 Security: Robust security measures, including encryption and access controls, should be
implemented to protect data.
 Data Management: Efficient data management, including storage, processing, and analytics, is
essential.
 AI Integration: Incorporate AI capabilities for data analytics, predictive insights, and
automation.
 Blockchain Integration: Utilize blockchain for secure, transparent, and tamper-proof
transactions and record-keeping.
Theory:
a) Cloud Integration: Cloud computing provides on-demand access to scalable and cost-
effective computing resources. By integrating cloud services, enterprises can enhance flexibility, reduce
infrastructure costs, and easily deploy and manage applications across the organization.
b) IoT Integration: IoT devices generate vast amounts of data. Integrating IoT into enterprise
architecture enables real-time data collection, analysis, and decision-making. This facilitates predictive
maintenance, improved asset utilization, and enhanced customer experiences.
c) AI Integration: AI and machine learning algorithms can process and analyze large datasets,
offering valuable insights. By integrating AI into enterprise architecture, organizations can automate
routine tasks, personalize customer experiences, and make data-driven decisions.
d) Blockchain Integration: Blockchain technology ensures transparency and security in data

transactions. Integrating blockchain into enterprise architecture can enable secure and immutable records,
streamline supply chain processes, and enhance trust in transactions.
Conclusion: Incorporating emerging technologies such as cloud, IoT, AI, and blockchain into enterprise
architecture is essential for modern organizations looking to thrive in a data-driven, interconnected
world. By meeting the requirements of scalability, interoperability, security, and efficient data
management, enterprises can harness the full potential of these technologies. The integration of AI and
blockchain adds valuable capabilities, including advanced analytics, automation, transparency, and trust
in transactions. This comprehensive architectural framework empowers organizations to address
contemporary challenges, drive innovation, enhance efficiency, and secure data, positioning them for
sustained success in the digital age.
Lab Assignment 03
No.
Title Design and Implement enterprise architecture using TOGAF for
banking/healthcare domain.
Roll No.
Class BE
Date of Completion
Assessment Marks
Assessor's Sign
ASSIGNMENT No: 03
Aim: The aim of this comprehensive enterprise architecture project is to design and implement a robust
and adaptable architecture for both the banking and healthcare domains using The Open Group
Architecture Framework (TOGAF). The goal is to enhance operational efficiency, regulatory
compliance, data security, and innovation while ensuring alignment with the unique requirements of
these domains.
Problem Statement: The banking and healthcare sectors face distinct challenges:
Banking Domain:
 Regulatory Compliance: Banks must comply with a multitude of financial regulations
and reporting standards.
 Data Security: Protecting sensitive financial data from cyber threats is paramount.
 Digital Transformation: Adapting to the evolving digital landscape while maintaining
legacy systems poses challenges.
Healthcare Domain:
 Patient Data Privacy: Ensuring the security and privacy of patient health records is
critical.
 Interoperability: Healthcare systems often struggle with interoperability, hindering data
sharing.
 Compliance: Healthcare organizations must adhere to stringent regulatory requirements
such as HIPAA (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act).
Requirements:
Common Requirements (Banking and Healthcare):

 Stakeholder Engagement: Engage stakeholders, including business leaders, IT teams,
regulatory bodies, and security experts.
 Comprehensive Assessment: Conduct a thorough assessment of the existing architecture
to identify pain points and areas for improvement.
 Strategic Alignment: Ensure alignment of the architecture with the strategic goals and
objectives of the organizations.
 Data Security: Implement robust security measures, including encryption, access
controls, and threat monitoring.
Banking Domain Requirements:
 Regulatory Compliance: Define architecture components and processes to facilitate
regulatory compliance and reporting.
 Digital Transformation: Enable seamless integration of new digital channels and
technologies while maintaining legacy systems.
 Scalability: Ensure the architecture can scale to handle increased transaction volumes.
Healthcare Domain Requirements:
 Patient Data Privacy: Implement stringent measures for protecting patient health data,
including role-based access control and audit trails.
 Interoperability: Design architecture that promotes data sharing and interoperability
between different healthcare systems.
 Compliance Framework: Develop an architecture that aligns with healthcare regulatory
frameworks, such as HIPAA.
Theory:
TOGAF Phases:
a) Preliminary Phase:
o In this phase, the scope and objectives for both domains are defined.
o Stakeholder identification and engagement plans are established.
o Constraints and requirements for the architecture project are outlined.
b) Architecture Vision:
o Develop a high-level architecture vision for both domains, aligning with strategic
goals.
o Create a roadmap that outlines major milestones and initiatives.
o Ensure the vision addresses the specific challenges of banking and healthcare.
c) Business Architecture:
o For banking, create business capability models, identifying key processes like risk
management and customer service.
o For healthcare, model patient data management and clinical processes.
o Document organizational structures and roles in both domains.
d) Information Systems Architecture:
o Design information systems that support core banking functions (e.g., transaction
processing) and healthcare operations (e.g., electronic health records).
o Address data storage, retrieval, and security in both domains.
o Define integration strategies for healthcare systems.
e) Technology Architecture:
o Specify technical infrastructure components such as servers, networks, and cloud
services.
o Establish technology standards and guidelines for both sectors.
o Develop cybersecurity measures tailored to the unique risks of banking and
healthcare.
f) Implementation and Migration Planning:
o Create detailed implementation plans for both domains, with timelines and
resource allocation.
o Identify dependencies and risks.
o Establish governance mechanisms to oversee the implementation.
g) Architecture Governance:
o Define roles and responsibilities for architecture governance.
o Develop processes for architecture review, compliance monitoring, and issue
resolution.
o Ensure alignment with regulatory requirements in both sectors.
h) Architecture Change Management:
o Implement a change management framework to assess and approve architecture
o Ensure that changes align with the architecture vision and strategic goals.
o Monitor and adapt the architecture as needed.
i) Architecture Views and Documentation:
o Develop architecture views and viewpoints tailored to stakeholder needs.
o Maintain a centralized repository for architecture documentation.
o Ensure documentation is accessible and up to date for both banking and
healthcare domains.
Conclusion: Designing and implementing enterprise architecture using TOGAF for the banking and
healthcare domains is a complex but essential undertaking. By adhering to the common and domain-
specific requirements, addressing regulatory compliance, ensuring data security, and promoting strategic
alignment, organizations in these sectors can leverage a well-structured architecture to improve
efficiency, innovation, and compliance. Successful implementation will empower both banking and
healthcare organizations to navigate the challenges and opportunities of the digital age effectively.
Lab Assignment 04
No.
Title Design enterprise security architecture using SABSA for Finance /
Defense/Agriculture domain
Roll No.
Class BE
Date of Completion
Assessment Marks
Assessor's Sign
ASSIGNMENT No: 04
Aim: The aim is to design and implement a robust enterprise security architecture using the SABSA
framework tailored to the unique requirements of the Finance, Defense, and Agriculture domains. The
goal is to protect sensitive data, critical infrastructure, and ensure compliance while allowing for
operational efficiency and innovation.
Problem Statement:
Finance Domain:
 Data Security: Financial institutions handle sensitive customer and transaction data, making
them prime targets for cyberattacks.
 Regulatory Compliance: Strict regulations such as PCI DSS and Basel III require adherence
to security standards.
 Fraud Prevention: Preventing financial fraud is critical for maintaining trust and financial
stability.
Defense Domain:
 National Security: Defense organizations must safeguard classified information and critical
infrastructure against cyber and physical threats.
 Interoperability: Different defense agencies and allied forces need to share information
while maintaining security.
 Compliance with Government Regulations: Adherence to government security standards
is mandatory.
Agriculture Domain:
 Data Integrity: Ensuring the integrity of agricultural data is essential for reliable crop
management and food production.
 Supply Chain Security: Protecting the agricultural supply chain against contamination and
fraud is critical.
 Sustainability: Implementing security measures to support sustainable agricultural practices.
Requirements:
Common Requirements (Finance, Defense, Agriculture):
 Risk Assessment: Conduct comprehensive risk assessments to identify vulnerabilities and
threats.
 Security Governance: Establish governance structures and frameworks for ongoing security
management.
 Incident Response: Develop incident response plans for detecting, responding to, and
mitigating security incidents.
 Security Awareness: Implement training programs to raise security awareness among
employees and stakeholders.
Finance Domain Requirements:

 Data Encryption: Encrypt sensitive financial data in transit and at rest.
 Access Controls: Implement strict access controls to protect customer and transaction data.
 Fraud Detection: Deploy advanced fraud detection and prevention systems.
 Secure Banking Transactions: Ensure secure online banking and payment processing.
Defense Domain Requirements:

 Classified Information Protection: Design a robust security framework for protecting
classified information.
 Interoperability Standards: Develop standards and protocols for secure data sharing with
allied forces.
 Physical Security: Implement physical security measures to protect critical infrastructure.
 Secure Communications: Ensure secure military communications.
Agriculture Domain Requirements:

 Data Integrity Measures: Implement measures to prevent data tampering and ensure data
integrity in agricultural systems.
 Supply Chain Security: Secure the agricultural supply chain through traceability and
validation mechanisms.
 IoT Security: Ensure the security of IoT devices used in precision agriculture.
 Environmental Impact: Address the security implications of agricultural practices on the
environment.
Theory:
SABSA Framework: SABSA is a comprehensive framework for developing risk-driven enterprise

security architectures. It is based on six layers of abstraction:
 Business Attributes Layer: Identifies business objectives, drivers, and security
requirements. In the Finance domain, this would involve protecting customer data and
ensuring compliance with financial regulations. In Defense, it involves safeguarding national
security interests, and in Agriculture, it includes ensuring data integrity and sustainable
practices.
 Information Attributes Layer: Defines the data attributes, classifications, and requirements.
In Finance, this would involve categorizing customer data as sensitive and requiring
encryption. In Defense, it involves classifying information according to its sensitivity. In
Agriculture, it involves ensuring the integrity of agricultural data.
 Application Attributes Layer: Addresses application-specific attributes and requirements.
This layer would involve securing financial transaction systems in Finance, military
applications in Defense, and agricultural software in Agriculture.
 Technology Attributes Layer: Specifies the technology attributes and requirements,
including network security, access controls, and encryption methods.
 Physical Attributes Layer: Covers physical security, including data centers, facilities, and
access control systems. In Defense, this would include secure military installations, while in
Agriculture, it would involve securing farm infrastructure.
 People and Identity Attributes Layer: Addresses identity and access management, user
roles, and authentication mechanisms to ensure that only authorized individuals have access
to systems and data.
Conclusion:
Designing enterprise security architecture using the SABSA framework for the Finance, Defense, and
Agriculture domains is a complex but essential endeavor. Each domain has unique security challenges
and requirements that must be addressed to protect sensitive data, critical infrastructure, and compliance.
By conducting thorough risk assessments, implementing appropriate security measures, and adhering to
the SABSA framework's principles, organizations in these domains can achieve a strong security posture
while supporting their specific operational needs. Security should be an integral part of their operations,
ensuring data integrity, trust, and resilience.
Lab Assignment 05
No.
Title Design and implement an enterprise architecture framework for a
hypothetical organization, considering the key components such as
business architecture and technology architecture.
Roll No.
Class BE
Date of Completion
Assessment Marks
Assessor's Sign
ASSIGNMENT No: 05
Aim: The aim of this enterprise architecture framework project is to design and implement a comprehensive
architecture that aligns the organization's IT infrastructure with its business goals. The goal is to enhance operational
efficiency, promote innovation, reduce costs, and ensure scalability and security.
Problem Statement:
The hypothetical organization faces several challenges:
 Lack of Alignment: The organization's IT infrastructure is not aligned with its business objectives, resulting
in inefficiencies and missed opportunities.
 Complexity: The existing technology landscape is overly complex, making it challenging to manage and
adapt to changing business needs.
 Security Concerns: There are security vulnerabilities that need to be addressed to protect sensitive data and
ensure regulatory compliance.
 Scalability: The current architecture may not be easily scalable to accommodate future growth and emerging
technologies.
Requirements:
To address these challenges, the following requirements are identified:
 Business Alignment: The architecture should be closely aligned with the organization's business strategy
and goals.
 Simplicity: Streamline and simplify the technology landscape to reduce complexity and operational
overhead.
 Security: Implement robust security measures to protect data and ensure compliance with industry
regulations.
 Scalability: Ensure that the architecture is scalable to accommodate future growth and technological
advancements.
 Integration: Facilitate seamless integration between various systems and applications within the
organization.
 Innovation: Support innovation by providing a flexible architecture that can adapt to emerging technologies.
Theory:
Enterprise Architecture Framework:

Enterprise architecture typically consists of multiple domains, with Business Architecture and Technology
Architecture being the key components.
a) Business Architecture: Business architecture focuses on defining the organization's business strategy,
capabilities, processes, and goals. It involves:
 Business Capabilities: Identifying and modeling the organization's core business capabilities, such as sales,
marketing, and customer service.
 Business Processes: Documenting and optimizing business processes to improve efficiency and
effectiveness.
 Business Goals: Aligning business objectives with IT initiatives to ensure technology supports the
organization's strategic direction.
b) Technology Architecture: Technology architecture defines the organization's technology infrastructure,
applications, and data. It includes:
 Infrastructure: Designing the hardware and network infrastructure that supports the organization's
operations.
 Applications: Selecting and managing software applications, including enterprise resource planning (ERP)
systems, customer relationship management (CRM) systems, and more.
 Data: Defining data structures, storage, and access controls to ensure data quality, availability, and security.
Conclusion:
The design and implementation of an enterprise architecture framework for the hypothetical organization are
essential for addressing its current challenges and positioning it for future success. By aligning the architecture with
business goals, simplifying the technology landscape, enhancing security measures, ensuring scalability, promoting
integration, and fostering innovation, the organization can achieve operational excellence and competitive advantage.
The ongoing management and governance of this architecture will be crucial to its long-term effectiveness and
adaptability to changing business environments and technology trends.

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Computer Laboratory-II B.E.

Dr. D. Y. Patil Pratishthan’s

1 Department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science, DYPCOE, Pune

Computer Laboratory -II

Operating System recommended: Practical can be performed on suitable development platform

2 Department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science, DYPCOE, Pune

Sr. Title of Experiment CO Page

2 Tackle Noise with Error Correction CO1, 08

4 The Randomized Benchmarking Protocol. CO1,CO2 15

Enterprise Architecture and Components

3 Department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science, DYPCOE, Pune

Lab Assignment No. 1

Subject Computer Laboratory-II :Quantum AI

4 Department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science, DYPCOE, Pune

Problem Statement: Implementations of 16 Qubit Random Number Generator

Software Requirements: Jupyter

Learn to build 16 Qubit Random Number Generator

5 Department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science, DYPCOE, Pune

Super Secure Codes: Generates keys for ultra-safe encryption.

Unhackable Messages: Makes sure messages stay private in communication.

Better Guesses: Improves computer predictions and simulations.

Fair Selection: Helps pick nodes fairly in blockchain networks.

Smarter AI Learning: Adds randomness to help AI learn better.

 Step 1: Initialize the quantum and classical registers

Conclusion: I have understood how to generate 16 Qubit Random Number Generator.

6 Department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science, DYPCOE, Pune

Lab Assignment No. 02

Subject Computer Laboratory-II: Quantum AI

7 Department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science, DYPCOE, Pune

Problem Statement: Tackle Noise with Error Correction

Software Requirements: Jupyter

Learn to Tackle Noise with Error Correction

8 Department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science, DYPCOE, Pune

Conclusion: I have understood how to Tackle Noise with Error Correction

9 Department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science, DYPCOE, Pune

Lab Assignment No. 03

Subject Computer Laboratory-II: : Quantum AI

10 Department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science, DYPCOE, Pune

Title: Implement Quantum Teleportation algorithm in Python.

Problem Statement: Implement Quantum Teleportation algorithm in Python.

Software Requirements: Jupyter

Learn to Implement Quantum Teleportation algorithm in Python.

Entanglement and Quantum States:

Principle of Quantum Teleportation:

11 Department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science, DYPCOE, Pune

Conditional Operations by Bob:

Properties and Implications:

12 Department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science, DYPCOE, Pune

Conclusion: I have understood the implementation of Quantum Teleportation algorithm in Python.

13 Department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science, DYPCOE, Pune

Lab Assignment No. 04

Subject Computer Laboratory-II: : Quantum AI

14 Department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science, DYPCOE, Pune

Title: The Randomized Benchmarking Protocol.

Problem Statement: The Randomized Benchmarking Protocol

Software Requirements: Jupyter

Learn to Implement the Randomized Benchmarking Protocol

Randomized Operations (Clifford Gates):

15 Department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science, DYPCOE, Pune