Journal of Science and Technology

ISSN: 2456-5660 Volume 8, Issue 12 (Dec -2023)

www.jst.org.in DOI:https://doi.org/10.46243/jst.2023.v8.i12.pp208-218

ELEVATING FILE SECURITY THROUGH ADVANCES MULTIPLE

IMAGE STEGANOGRAPHY
Putta Srivani1, B.Pallavi2, B.Srija2, T.Srinaina2
1
Professor,2UG Students, Department of Cyber Security Engineering.
1,2
Malla Reddy Engineering College for Women, Maisammaguda, Dhulapally, Kompally,
Secunderabad-500100, Telangana, India.

To Cite this Article

Putta Srivani1, B.Pallavi, B.Srija, T.Srinaina,” ELEVATING FILE SECURITY THROUGH

ADVANCES MULTIPLE IMAGE STEGANOGRAPHY” Journal of Science and Technology,
Vol. 08, Issue 12 - Dec 2023, pp208-218

Article Info

Received: 12-11-2023 Revised: 22 -11-2023 Accepted: 02-12-2023 Published: 12-12-2023

ABSTRACT

Background and History: In an age of increasing digital communication and data transfer, ensuring the
security and privacy of sensitive information is paramount. Steganography, the art of hiding information
within other data, has been used for centuries. In the digital realm, it plays a critical role in secure
communication and information concealment. Traditional steganography methods often involve
embedding information within a single image. While effective, this approach may be susceptible to
detection, as single-image steganography can leave detectable traces, especially under sophisticated
analysis. The primary challenge is to develop a robust system for multiple image steganography that
can securely hide sensitive files within a set of images. This involves designing algorithms that
distribute the information effectively across the images while maintaining imperceptibility and ensuring
reliable extraction. Therefore, the rise of cyber threats and privacy concerns, there's a growing need for
advanced techniques to protect sensitive files from unauthorized access or interception. Multiple image
steganography, an emerging field, offers the potential for heightened security by spreading information
across multiple images, making it even more challenging for potential adversaries to detect or extract.
The project, "Elevating file security through advances in multiple image steganography," seeks to
enhance file security by leveraging advanced techniques in multiple image steganography. By
distributing the information across a set of images, this research endeavors to develop a system capable
of securely concealing sensitive files. The algorithms utilized in this approach are designed to ensure
imperceptibility and robustness against detection efforts. This advancement holds great promise for
significantly improving the security of file transmission and storage, safeguarding critical information
from unauthorized access or interception.

Keywords: Image Steganography, Security, Safeguarding.

1. INTRODUCTION

In today's digital era, safeguarding sensitive information during communication and data transfer is of
utmost importance. Throughout history, the practice of steganography, which involves concealing
information within other data, has been utilized to achieve this goal. As we transition to digital mediums,
steganography plays a crucial role in ensuring secure communication and information concealment.
Journal of Science and Technology
ISSN: 2456-5660 Volume 8, Issue 12 (Dec -2023)
www.jst.org.in DOI:https://doi.org/10.46243/jst.2023.v8.i12.pp208-218
Traditionally, steganography focused on embedding information within a single image. While effective,
this approach has its drawbacks, as it can be susceptible to detection, especially under sophisticated
analysis. The challenge at hand is to develop a robust system for multiple image steganography that can
securely hide sensitive files within a collection of images. This entails designing algorithms that
efficiently distribute the information across the images while maintaining imperceptibility and ensuring
reliable extraction. The increasing prevalence of cyber threats and privacy concerns underscores the
need for advanced techniques to protect sensitive files from unauthorized access or interception.
Multiple image steganography, an emerging field, offers the potential for heightened security by
dispersing information across multiple images. This makes it even more challenging for potential
adversaries to detect or extract the concealed data. The project, titled "Elevating file security through
advances in multiple image steganography," aims to enhance file security by leveraging advanced
techniques in multiple image steganography. The goal is to develop a system capable of securely
concealing sensitive files by distributing information across a set of images. The algorithms employed
in this approach are specifically designed to ensure imperceptibility and robustness against detection
efforts. This advancement holds great promise for significantly improving the security of file
transmission and storage, safeguarding critical information from unauthorized access or interception.
In the current era of digital communication and data transfer, the protection of sensitive information is
a critical concern. Steganography, a practice with historical roots, involves concealing data within other
information and has become increasingly relevant in the digital landscape for ensuring secure
communication and information protection. Traditional steganography methods have typically focused
on embedding information within a single image. While effective, this approach is not fool-proof and
can be vulnerable to detection, particularly under sophisticated analysis. The primary challenge lies in
developing a robust system for multiple image steganography, where sensitive files can be securely
hidden within a group of images. This task requires the creation of algorithms that can distribute
information effectively across these images while maintaining imperceptibility and enabling reliable
extraction. The growing prevalence of cyber threats and concerns about privacy highlight the necessity
for advanced techniques to safeguard sensitive files from unauthorized access or interception. Multiple
image steganography, an emerging field, offers the potential for enhanced security by dispersing
information across several images. This complexity makes it considerably more challenging for
potential adversaries to detect or extract concealed data. The objective of the project, titled "Elevating
file security through advances in multiple image steganography," is to improve file security by
harnessing advanced techniques in multiple image steganography. The aim is to create a system capable
of securely concealing sensitive files by distributing information across a set of images. The algorithms
employed in this approach are meticulously designed to ensure imperceptibility and robustness against
detection efforts. This advancement holds significant promise for enhancing the security of file
transmission and storage, protecting critical information from unauthorized access or interception.

2. LITERATURE SURVEY

B. Sultan,et.al[1] In this project The success of deep learning based steganography has shifted focus of
researchers from traditional steganography approaches to deep learning based steganography. Various
deep steganographic models have been developed for improved security, capacity and invisibility. In
this work a multi-data deep learning steganography model has been developed using a well known deep
learning model called Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN) more specifically using deep
convolutional Generative Adversarial Networks (DCGAN). The model is capable of hiding two
different messages, meant for two different receivers, inside a single cover image. The proposed model
consists of four networks namely Generator, Steganalyzer Extractor1 and Extractor2 network. The
Generator hides two secret messages inside one cover image which are extracted using two different
Journal of Science and Technology
ISSN: 2456-5660 Volume 8, Issue 12 (Dec -2023)
www.jst.org.in DOI:https://doi.org/10.46243/jst.2023.v8.i12.pp208-218
extractors. The Steganalyzer network differentiates between the cover and stego images generated by
the generator network. The experiment has been carried out on CelebA dataset. Two commonly used
distortion metrics Peak signal-to-Noise ratio (PSNR) and Structural Similarity Index Metric (SSIM) are
used for measuring the distortion in the stego image The results of experimentation show that the stego
images generated have good imperceptibility and high extraction rates.

X. Liao,et.al[2] In this project With the coming era of cloud technology, cloud storage is an emerging
technology to store massive digital images, which provides steganography a new fashion to embed
secret information into massive images. Specifically, a resourceful steganographer could embed a set
of secret information into multiple images adaptively, and share these images in cloud storage with the
receiver, instead of traditional single image steganography. Nevertheless, it is still an open issue how to
allocate embedding payload among a sequence of images for security performance enhancement. This
article formulates adaptive payload distribution in multiple images steganography based on image
texture features and provides the theoretical security analysis from the steganalyst's point of view. Two
payload distribution strategies based on image texture complexity and distortion distribution are
designed and discussed, respectively. The proposed strategies can be employed together with these
state-of-the-art single image steganographic algorithms. The comparisons of the security performance
against the modern universal pooled steganalysis are given. Furthermore, this article compares the per
image detectability of these multiple images steganographic schemes against the modern single image
steganalyzer. Extensive experimental results show that the proposed payload distribution strategies
could obtain better security performance.

M. Srivastava,et.al[3] In this project Image Steganography is the artwork of concealing mystery data
within the image such that the hacker will now no longer be capable of discover the records within
inside the stego images. This is a useful approach to secure our sensitive information. Security has
continually been a main difficulty from last many years to existing days. The topic of interest to
researchers has long been the development of secure technologies for sending data to anyone other than
the recipient without revealing it. Therefore, from nowadays, researchers have evolved many strategies
to meet the steady transfer of information and steganography is one in all them. In this paper, we work
on two techniques for hiding information in the image. First, we do analysis on LSB for storing
information bit. As the technique is known to all, the attacker will be able to easily reveal the
information, this makes image steganography unsecured. Secondly, R-Color Channel encoding with
RSA set of rules for offering extra protection to information in addition to our information hiding
approach. The proposed approach makes use of a red color channel for hiding information bits and the
following bits for RGB pixel values of the original image. This paper presents the performance analysis
of two most popular algorithms, LSB and RSA along with image steganography.

G. Benedict,et.al[4] In this project Steganography is the process of hiding a secret message within an
ordinary message & extracting it at its destination. Image steganography is one of the most common
and secure forms of steganography available today. Traditional steganography techniques use a single
cover image to embed the secret data which has few security shortcomings. Therefore, batch
steganography has been adopted which stores data on multiple images. In this paper, a novel approach
is proposed for slicing the secret data and storing it on multiple cover images. In addition, retrieval of
this secret data from the cover images on the destination side has also been discussed. The data slicing
ensures secure transmission of the vital data making it merely impossible for the intruder to decrypt the
data without the encrypting details.

S. Mukhopadhyay,et.al[5] In this The paper proposes a scheme for achieving steganography with
multiple encrypted monochromatic images with keys obtained from a synchronized system of
Journal of Science and Technology
ISSN: 2456-5660 Volume 8, Issue 12 (Dec -2023)
www.jst.org.in DOI:https://doi.org/10.46243/jst.2023.v8.i12.pp208-218
semiconductor lasers. The key selection scheme for steganography determines the robustness of the
application. It is in this area that steganography may benefit from the properties of chaos
synchronization. The encryption principle of the new algorithm is analyzed quantitatively by various
statistical tests. The cover image used in the technique is also obtained from the visual representation
of the chaotic sequences. This new scheme enjoys the benefit of added security, high key space, high
embedding capacity, imperceptibility and robustness of the hidden information in conjunction with
Least Significant Bit (LSB) based substitution. The result is important from the perspective of
introducing a mechanism to multiplex and simultaneously transmit multiple images.

A. S. Ansari,et.al[6] This paper presents an image Steganography algorithm that can work for cover
images of multiple formats. Having a single algorithm for multiple image types provides several
advantages. For example, we can apply uniform security policies across all image formats, we can
adaptively select the most suitable cover image based on data length, network bandwidth and allowable
distortions, etc. We present our algorithm based on the abstract concept of image components that can
be adapted for JPEG, Bitmap, TIFF and PNG cover images. To the best of our knowledge, the proposed
algorithm is the first Steganography algorithm that can work for multiple cover image formats. In
addition, we have utilized concepts like capacity pre-estimation, adaptive partition schemes and data
spreading to embed secret data with enhanced security. The proposed method is tested for robustness
against Steganalysis with favorable results. Moreover, comparative results for the proposed algorithm
are very promising for three different cover image formats.

P. Grandhe,et.al[7] In this project Communicating online without fearing third-party interventions is

becoming a challenge in the modern world. Especially the sectors like the military, and government
organizations or private companies sharing sensitive information. They invest a lot of effort and cost
into obtaining the advancement of safe communication techniques. Image processing encryption
techniques using various algorithms promote security over communication channels and using different
analysis methods make the tool stand out in providing security to the information. In today's world,
there are various steganographic mechanisms that convert the secret message into stego medium and
send it across various communication channels. Using algorithms like Blind Hide promotes the security
of the message along with using multiple analysis methods that will further improve the tool in giving
out information of encoded accuracy, size of stego of the secret message. The aim is to generate a tool
that will give out a benchmark value of how precisely the message is stored in the cover file. Using
Stego and bulk analysis the information about the presence of the stego medium in the message can be
known to the user. All these analysis methods make the tool more enhanced and secure.

R. Joshi,et.al[8] in this There are advances in data stealth and forgery with the rise of technology and
advances in data transmission. This arises the need for better and developed methods for data
transmission. Data Transmission is an essential task in the current era, and equally important is the
secure and safe information of that data. In the paper, batch steganography is used to secure data
transmission from one end to the other. Often a password can be used for encoding the payload into the
cover image. Here the data is encrypted using hashing and encryption techniques, SHA-256 and AES.
The passwords used for encryption have been used after the logical operation XOR. Thus, the
information has been encrypted twice using the XORed password for first and second input password
for the next time. It increases the security of the data and makes the decryption almost impossible
without knowing both the passwords and the encryption method. The encoded data is then embedded
within the pixels of the original image using the LSB method. This prevents data theft and any
possibilities of Man-in-the-Middle attacks since the time required for decrypting the data is drastically
high without the knowledge of the inputs and the techniques used.
Journal of Science and Technology
ISSN: 2456-5660 Volume 8, Issue 12 (Dec -2023)
www.jst.org.in DOI:https://doi.org/10.46243/jst.2023.v8.i12.pp208-218
Z. Wang,et.al[9] In this paper, a more accurate image steganography method is proposed, where a multi-
level feature fusion procedure based on GAN is designed. Firstly, convolution and pooling operations
are added to the network for feature extraction. Then, short links are used to fuse multi-level feature
information. Finally, the stego image is generated by confrontation learning between discriminator and
generator. Experimental results show that the proposed method has higher steganalysis security under
the detection of high-dimensional feature steganalysis and neural network steganalysis. Comprehensive
experiments show that the performance of the proposed method is better than ASDL-GAN and UT-
GAN.

3. PROPOSED SYSTEM

Pixel Value Differencing (PVD) in Multiple Image Steganography

Introduction:

⎯ Pixel Value Differencing (PVD) is an innovative approach to steganography that operates in

the spatial domain of images. While PVD is commonly applied to single images, its extension
to multiple image steganography introduces new dimensions of security and capacity. The
fundamental concept of PVD revolves around manipulating the pixel values of multiple
images to embed hidden information.
⎯ Pixel Value Differencing:
In PVD, the difference between the pixel values of adjacent pixels is utilized for data
embedding. By carefully adjusting these differences, information can be hidden without
significantly altering the visual appearance of the images.
⎯ Spatial Domain Embedding:
PVD operates in the spatial domain, making it resilient to frequency-based attacks. Unlike
frequency domain techniques that might be susceptible to transforms, PVD directly modifies
pixel values for data concealment.

Figure 1: Architecture diagram of multiple image steganography

Multiple Image Steganography:

The extension of PVD to multiple images involves distributing hidden information across a
set of images. This approach enhances security by dispersing the embedded data, making it
more challenging for adversaries to detect or extract the complete message.
⎯ Embedding Process:
The embedding process in PVD-based multiple image steganography follows a series of
steps:
⎯ Image Preparation:
Journal of Science and Technology
ISSN: 2456-5660 Volume 8, Issue 12 (Dec -2023)
www.jst.org.in DOI:https://doi.org/10.46243/jst.2023.v8.i12.pp208-218
Select a set of cover images for embedding. These images act as carriers for different
segments of the hidden message.
⎯ Data Slicing:
Divide the hidden message into segments corresponding to the number of selected cover
images. Each segment is then embedded into the respective image.
⎯ PVD Embedding:
Apply the PVD algorithm to each image, adjusting pixel values based on the differences
between adjacent pixels. The differences are manipulated to represent the hidden message.
⎯ Secure Key Integration:
Integrate a secure key into the embedding process to enhance security. The key determines
how the pixel value differences are adjusted, and without it, extracting the hidden information
becomes extremely challenging.
⎯ Extraction Process:
The extraction process is designed to retrieve the hidden message from the stego images:
⎯ Image Selection:
Choose the stego images containing segments of the hidden message.
⎯ PVD Extraction:
Apply the PVD algorithm in reverse to extract the differences between pixel values.
⎯ Data Reconstruction:
Reconstruct the hidden message segments from the extracted differences.
⎯ Secure Key Utilization:
Use the secure key during the extraction process to ensure accurate retrieval of the hidden
information.

4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

4.1 Implementation description

⎯ Tkinter Main Window Setup:

The script initializes the main Tkinter window with a title and dimensions, serving as the
GUI interface.

⎯ Global Variables and PVD Object Initialization:

Global variables (image_path and text_path) store paths for the selected image folder and
text file. An instance of the pvd_lib class is created to handle PVD operations.

⎯ Text Slicing Function (sliceText):

Reads a binary text file and divides its content into blocks.Iterates through images in a
specified folder, returning a list of text blocks and corresponding image file paths.

⎯ PVD Encoding Function (PVDEncoding):

Writes the sliced text message to a temporary file ("data.txt"). Creates a folder for encoded
images if it doesn't exist. Utilizes the pvd_embed method from the pvd_obj instance to
perform PVD encoding on each image.

⎯ PVD Decoding Function (PVDDecoding):

Iterates through encoded images in a specified folder.Uses the pvd_extract method

Journal of Science and Technology
ISSN: 2456-5660 Volume 8, Issue 12 (Dec -2023)
www.jst.org.in DOI:https://doi.org/10.46243/jst.2023.v8.i12.pp208-218
from the pvd_obj instance to perform PVD decoding on each image.Concatenates the
extracted data from each image to reconstruct the original hidden text.

⎯ Upload Image Function (uploadImage):

Opens a file dialog allowing the user to select an image folder.Displays the selected image
folder path in the GUI.Upload Text Function (uploadText):Opens a file dialog allowing
the user to select a text file.Displays the selected text file path in the GUI.Slices the text
and performs PVD encoding on each image in the selected image folder.

⎯ Extract Text Function (ExtractText):

Opens a file dialog allowing the user to select a folder containing encoded images.Displays
the selected folder path in the GUI. Performs PVD decoding on each encoded image in the
selected folder. Concatenates the extracted text from each image to reveal the original
hidden message.

⎯ GUI Elements:
Labels, entry widgets, buttons, and a text box create a user-friendly interface. Labels
provide information or titles for various sections.Entry widgets allow users to input or
display information.Buttons trigger specific actions when clicked.A text box displays
information, messages, or the extracted text.
⎯ Tkinter Main Loop:

Initiates the Tkinter event loop, allowing the GUI to respond to user interactions and run
the application.

4.2 Results and description

Improved File Security System Using Multiple Image Steganography

In this project as per your instructions we have developed PVD (Pixel Value Differencing) based image
steganography where user can upload multiple images folder and then upload text file which has to be
slice and embed in all those uploaded images. All embed images will get saved inside
‘Encoded_Images’ folder with text slice data hidden inside it. While decoding we can upload desired
folder from ‘Encoded_Images’ folder to extract text.

To embed text we are using below sample text file

Above sample text will get sliced and hide inside multiple images
Journal of Science and Technology
ISSN: 2456-5660 Volume 8, Issue 12 (Dec -2023)
www.jst.org.in DOI:https://doi.org/10.46243/jst.2023.v8.i12.pp208-218
To run project double click on ‘run.bat’ file to get below output

In above screen click on ‘Upload Encoding Images’ button to upload folder with multiple images like
below screen

In above screen images uploaded and now click on ‘Upload Text File to Hide & PVD Encode’ button
to upload sample text file to slice file and then embed in all images and get below output
Journal of Science and Technology
ISSN: 2456-5660 Volume 8, Issue 12 (Dec -2023)
www.jst.org.in DOI:https://doi.org/10.46243/jst.2023.v8.i12.pp208-218

In above screen we can see in each line slice message and then can see image name which hide that
slice message. In above screen in image we hide slice message as ‘welcome to PVD’ and in second
image another slice message has hide and continue till all slice messages hidden inside all images. Now
to extract text click on ‘PVD Decoding’ and then select desired folder from ‘Encoded Images’ folder to
get below output
Journal of Science and Technology
ISSN: 2456-5660 Volume 8, Issue 12 (Dec -2023)
www.jst.org.in DOI:https://doi.org/10.46243/jst.2023.v8.i12.pp208-218

In above screen selecting and uploading ‘images2’ message encoded folder and then click on ‘Select
Folder’ button to extract message and get below output

5. CONCLUSION

multiple image steganography represents a significant advancement in the field of covert

communication and secure data transmission. The technique of distributing hidden information across
a series of images, coupled with the Pixel Value Differencing (PVD) algorithm, offers a potent
combination of security, resilience, and imperceptibility. The strategic division of data, error-correction
techniques, spread spectrum methods, and secret sharing schemes contribute to the robustness and
reliability of the steganographic system.

The incorporation of cryptography and encryption enhances the confidentiality of the concealed
information, while authentication and watermarking techniques provide mechanisms for verifying the
integrity of the images. Hybrid approaches, integrating various steganographic methods and security
measures, offer adaptability and versatility to meet diverse security requirements.

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