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AC PPT 4 Inverters and Its Types

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Romil Kumar
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110 views35 pages

AC PPT 4 Inverters and Its Types

Uploaded by

Romil Kumar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SEMICONDUCTORS

By
Romil Kumar
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 Full-Wave Rectifier
 In Full wave rectification current flow through the
load in same direction for both half cycle of input ac.
 This can be achieved with two diodes working
alternatively.
 For one half cycle one diode supplies current to load
and for next half cycle another diode works.

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INVERTER
INVERTER

 An inverter is a device that changes or inverts direct


current (DC) input to alternating current (AC) output.
 It doesn't "create" or "make" electricity, just changes it
from one form to another. DC in is changed to AC out.
 Output is usually 120 or 240 volts at 50-cycle alternating
current to match line power

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Classification of Inverter

 The Inverters can be classified in to following types


based on output Waveform and according to charging
process -. According to wave form
 • Square wave Inverter
 • Sine wave Inverter
 • Modified Sine wave Inverter

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Classification of Inverter

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Square wave Inverter

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Sine wave Inverter

 A power inverter device which produces a multiple step


sinusoidal AC waveform is referred to as a sine wave
inverter. To more clearly distinguish the inverters with
outputs of much less distortion than the "modified sine
wave" (three step) inverter designs, the manufacturers
often use the phrase pure sine wave inverter.

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Modified sine wave
 The modified sine wave output of such an inverter is the
sum of two square waves one of which is phase shifted
90 degrees relative to the other. The result is three level
waveform with equal intervals of zero volts; peak
positive volts; zero volts; peak negative volts and then
zero volts. This sequence is repeated. The resultant
wave very roughly resembles the shape of a sine wave.
Most inexpensive consumer power inverters produce a
modified sine wave rather than a pure sine wave.

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Block Diagram of an inverter

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BATTERIES
 Runtime of an inverter is dependent on battery power
and amount of power being drawn from inverter at a
given time.
 When attempting to add more batteries to an inverter,
there are two basic options for installation:
 A. Series configuration
 B. Parallel Configuration

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Series configuration

 If the goal is to increase the overall voltage of the


inverter, one can daisy chain batteries in a series
configuration. In a series configuration, if a single battery
dies, the other batteries will not be able to power the
load.

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Parallel Configuration

If the goal is to increase capacity and prolong the runtime of


the inverter, batteries can be connected in parallel. This
increases the overall ampere-hour (Ah) rating of the battery
set. If a single battery is discharged though, the other
batteries will then discharge through it. This can lead to rapid
discharge of the entire pack, or even an over-current and
possible fire. To avoid this, large paralleled batteries may be
connected via diodes or intelligent monitoring with automatic
switching to isolate an under-voltage battery from the others.

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ADVANTAGES
 The price is very cheap; can work with ordinary light bulbs, fans,
etc.(Square Sine wave inverter)
 • High quality and inexpensive; using modified square wave; output
correction waveform; relatively stable; suitable for ordinary personal
users with TV, fan, lamp, computer, hot pot etc.(Modified Sine wave
Inverters)
 • Full power output; protection functions; improved modified sine
wave output steady; low-power machines also built in fan, you can
keep your machine to use for long time; no similar products on the
market; can bring printers, rice cookers, vacuum cleaners, small
refrigerators and a lot of small appliances (Sine wave Inverters)
 • Pure sine wave inverter output waveform is good; low distortion;
low interference to radio and equipment; low noise. In addition,
protective functions; high efficiency; suitable for use in the
communications, industrial electricity by enterprises and other users
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DISADVANTAGES
 Square wave output waveform and not stable enough.
(Square Sine wave inverter)
 • Lack of power, cannot run the appliances with same
power labeled; it’s easy to damage the machine if
customers are not familiar with the operation, the user
needs to strictly follow the manufacturers’ instructions.
(Modified Sine wave Inverters)
 • Higher prices, the domestic customers know less about
it. (Sine wave Inverters)
 • line is relatively complex; high technically demanding
for maintenance; more expensive.( Pure sine wave
inverter)
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APPLICATIONS
 1. Used in UPS with batteries
 2. Used in Solar panels
 3. Used in HVDC Transmission
 4. Used as a backup purpose

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