Scribd
Upload
60 views16 pages

Lecture Notes 4.5 - Graphs of SineCosine (F2023)

notes sine cosine

Uploaded by

samuelxs238
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
60 views16 pages

Lecture Notes 4.5 - Graphs of SineCosine (F2023)

notes sine cosine

Uploaded by

samuelxs238
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 16

Ch4.

Basic Trigonometry
4.5 Graphs of Sine and Cosine Functions
Dr. Shim
4.5 - Objectives
• Sketch the graphs of basic sine and cosine functions
• Use amplitude, period and translation (phase shift) to sketch sine
and cosine functions
• Analyze graphs to find amplitude, period and trig functions
• Solve trig equations by graphing
Quadrantal Angles provide the 5 key points in one period!
Fill the table (column by column)

θ cos θ sin θ
0
π/2
π
3π/2
These 5 points become the intercepts,
maximum and minimum on each graph. 2π
Always use these 5 points when graphing in
ALEKS.
Basic Sine/Cosine Graphs
𝑦𝑦 = sin 𝜃𝜃
(𝑥𝑥, 𝑦𝑦)

𝜃𝜃
1

𝑦𝑦 = cos 𝜃𝜃
(𝑥𝑥, 𝑦𝑦)

𝜃𝜃
1
Features of Basic Sine/Cosine Graphs

Domain (𝑥𝑥): _________________

Range (𝑦𝑦): _________________

Maximum Value: ____________


Minimum Value: ____________
| max value − min value|
Amplitude = =
2
Period: ____________

𝑥𝑥-intercepts:

𝑦𝑦 = sin 𝑥𝑥: 𝑦𝑦 = cos 𝑥𝑥:


Steps to Draw Basic Sine/Cosine Graphs
1. Find the period: 𝑝𝑝 = 2𝜋𝜋. 4. Plot critical points.
2. Divide the period into 4 intervals. 5. Draw negative part.
3. Determine max(𝑦𝑦) and min(𝑦𝑦).
𝑦𝑦 = sin 𝑥𝑥
θ cos θ sin θ
0
π/2
𝑦𝑦 = cos 𝑥𝑥 π
3π/2
2π
General Form of Sine/Cosine Functions
Transformations of Functions
𝑦𝑦 = 𝑎𝑎 sin 𝑏𝑏 𝑥𝑥 − 𝑐𝑐 + 𝑑𝑑 𝑓𝑓 𝑥𝑥 → 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎(𝑥𝑥): Vertical Stretch/Compress

𝑓𝑓 𝑥𝑥 → 𝑓𝑓(𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏): Horizontal Stretch/Compress

Amplitude Period Phase Shift Vertical Shift


= 𝑎𝑎 2𝜋𝜋
= = 𝑐𝑐 > 0 to right 𝑓𝑓 𝑥𝑥 → 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥 − 𝑐𝑐): Horizontal shift
|𝑏𝑏|
< 0 to left (Phase shift)

𝑓𝑓 𝑥𝑥 → 𝑓𝑓 𝑥𝑥 + 𝑑𝑑: Vertical shift

𝑦𝑦 = 𝑎𝑎 cos 𝑏𝑏 𝑥𝑥 − 𝑐𝑐 + 𝑑𝑑 𝑓𝑓 𝑥𝑥 → −𝑓𝑓 𝑥𝑥 : Flipped over 𝑥𝑥-axis


Practice

Find: Amplitude __________ , Period ____________, and Equation 𝑦𝑦 = ________________


Practice

Find: Amplitude __________ , Period ____________, and Equation 𝑦𝑦 = ________________


Practice

Find: Amplitude __________ , Period ____________, and Equation 𝑦𝑦 = ________________


Sketching a Sine Function

1
𝑦𝑦 = sin 𝑥𝑥
2 1. Amplitude =
2. Period =
3. Divide the period by 4 (quadrantals)
4. Mark quadrantal values

Domain:

Range:
Practice

Sketch the graph of the function for two full periods. Label all intercepts.
𝑥𝑥
𝑦𝑦 = cos 1. Amplitude =
2

2. Period =
3. Divide the period by 4 (quadrantals)
4. Mark quadrantal values

Domain:

Range:
Practice

Sketch the graph of the function for two full periods. Label all intercepts.
𝑦𝑦 = 4cos 𝑥𝑥 + 𝜋𝜋/4
1. Amplitude =
2. Period =
3. Phase Shift =
Practice
Find 𝑎𝑎 and 𝑑𝑑 for the function 𝑓𝑓 𝑥𝑥 = 𝑎𝑎 cos 𝑥𝑥 + 𝑑𝑑 to match the figure.

We know amplitude is
8 (max − min)/2 = (8 − 0)/2 = 4. So, 𝑎𝑎 = −4

Vertical Shift is
(max + min)/2 = (8 + 0)/2 = 4 UP. So, 𝑑𝑑 = 4
4
Period is 2𝜋𝜋

-π π ∴ 𝑓𝑓 𝑥𝑥 = −4 cos 𝑥𝑥 + 4
-2
Practice
Write an equation for a function with the given characteristics. A sine curve with a period of 8𝜋𝜋, an
amplitude of 4, a left phase shift of 𝜋𝜋/3, and a vertical translation down 1 unit.

𝑓𝑓 𝑥𝑥 =
Hints for Success
• After WebAssign is due, you can click on “Past Assignments”, then scroll down and click on
VIEW KEY which shows all of the answers.
• For WebAssign, use a homework journal and submit each answer as you go to check it.
• If WebAssign or ALEKS freezes on iPad, then switch to a computer, or log out and try again.
You shouldn’t lose any work, but your journal is there to input answers again if you hadn’t
submitted before it froze or lost connectivity to WiFi.

“Every house is built by someone, but God is the builder of everything,”


Hebrews 3:4 NIV

You might also like