Lecture Notes 4.4 - TrigFunctions of AnyAngle (F2023)
Lecture Notes 4.4 - TrigFunctions of AnyAngle (F2023)
Basic Trigonometry
4.4 Trigonometric Functions of Any Angle
Dr. Shim
4.4 - Objectives
• Evaluate trigonometric functions of any angle to ±∞
• Use reference angles to evaluate trigonometric functions
• Use trig models to solve real world problems
• Make accurate diagrams, close to scale as much as possible for
effective communications
Quadrantal Angles
Fill the table (column by column)
x y
θ cos θ sin θ
0
π/2
π
3π/2
2π
Signs of Trig Functions
y axis
Quadrant 2
(x neg, y pos)
Success All
All 6 trig functions are
sin positive in quadrant 1
X axis
Takes Courage
Quadrant 3 tan cos
Quadrant 4
(x neg, y neg) (x pos, y neg)
NOTE: In trigonometry and calculus, draw triangles in standard position with first leg on positive
x-axis and angle is rotating from positive x-axis. Simplify by REDUCDING fractions and factor
out common factors!
Practice
The terminal side of 𝜃𝜃 lies on the line 𝑦𝑦 = 1⁄3 𝑥𝑥. Start with a graph of this line. Find the values
of the six trigonometric functions of 𝜃𝜃 by finding a point on the line. Assume 𝜃𝜃 is in Q3.
sin 𝜃𝜃 =
cos 𝜃𝜃 =
tan 𝜃𝜃 =
csc 𝜃𝜃 =
sec 𝜃𝜃 =
cot 𝜃𝜃 =
Reference Angles ~ Another way of evaluating Trig functions of any angle.
Let 𝜃𝜃 be an angle in standard position. Its reference angle is the acute, positive angle
𝜃𝜃′ formed by the terminal side of 𝜃𝜃 and the closer horizontal axis.
Practice
Find the reference angle 𝜃𝜃𝜃 and sketch 𝜃𝜃 in standard position and 𝜃𝜃𝜃.
11𝜋𝜋
𝜃𝜃 = −145° 𝜃𝜃 =
3
Practice
Evaluate the sine, cosine, and tangent of the angle without using a
calculator. Draw the angle, and find the reference angle.
−840°
Finding a Trig Model with TI-84 Regression
The table shows the monthly normal temperatures for New York and Fairbanks. Use the regression
feature to find a model 𝑦𝑦 = 𝑎𝑎 sin 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏 + 𝑐𝑐 + 𝑑𝑑.
month NewYork Fairbank Use Radian mode. Make sure the
catalog > diagnostic On
Jan (1) 33 -10
Make sure plot1 is highlighted.
Apr (4) 52 32
July (7) 77 62 STAT > EDIT to enter months in L1
and temperatures in L2.
Oct (10) 58 24
Dec (12) 38 -6 STAT > CALC C:SinReg
STAT > CALC C:SinReg
Store the resulting model in Y1 (using button VAR)
Result of SinReg
The program finds the sine curve that best fits through
the data points. Use radian mode.
Amplitude = 22.1
Press Zoom 9 Period = 12 months
Shift Up = 55.01
𝑏𝑏 = 2𝜋𝜋/12 ≈ 0.52