Instructional Time: 120 minutes

Module 2: The Process of Communication

Start up
At the end of the lesson, you
will be able to: As human beings, we need to function socially as
individuals by communicating.
a) expound the components/
elements of Here’s a story.
communication process;
and Liza loves Ken as a friend. She thinks of
how to tell him using their native language.
b) describe how Because of fear to see Ken’s reaction, she called
communication works to him instead. She dialed his number and waited
become effective for him to answer. When she heard his voice, she
communicators. tells him, “Ken, mahal kita bilang kaibigan.” Ken
was in a crowd of passengers who just took off
the bus. The honks of the car and the busy people were too loud that he could not
hear well what Liza was saying. “Babe, ano ‘yun? Wait lang, I have to look for a quiet
spot.” Liza said her words once more, but this time slowly. Ken heard what she said.
He tried to analyze what she meant, and he is heartbroken. He did not say anything,
because he is in pain.

1. Is the communication between Liza and Ken

successful?
2. How does communication happen?
3. What is its process?

Work it out
To fully understand communication, we must know what really takes place
when we engage in communication. Since communication is a process of exchanging
messages either verbally or nonverbally, it means that we have to be cognizant of
the steps that have to be taken to achieve our desired result or goal. Therefore,
understanding the communication process thoroughly will enable us to become
effective communicators.
 Module 2: The Process of Communication

Let’s Discuss | Time Allotment: 20 min.

The Communication Process

The communication process involves multiple parts and stages. These are:
 Source/ Sender  Receiver
 Message  Feedback
 Encoding  Context
 Channel  Noise/ Barrier
 Decoding

1. Source
The source of the communication is the sender, or for our purposes,
you. In order to be a good source, you need to be clear about the message
that you are sending. Do you know exactly what it is that you want to
communicate? You 'll also want to be sure you how why it is that you are
communicating. What result is it that you expect? If you cannot answer
these questions, you will be staffing the communication process with a high
chance of failure.

2. Message
The message is simply the information that you want to communicate.
Without a message, there is no cause for communicating. If you cannot
summarize the information that you need to share, you aren't ready to
begin the process of communication.

3. Encoding
Encoding is the process of taking your message and transferring it into a
format that can be shared with another person. It's sort of like how
messages are sent via a fax. The information on the paper has to be
encoded, or prepared, before it can be sent to the other party. It has to be
sent in a format that the other party has the ability to decode; otherwise,
the message will not be delivered.

In order to encode a message properly, you have to think about what the
other person will need in order to understand, or decode, the message. Are
you sharing all the information that is necessary to get the full picture?
Have you made assumptions that may not be correct? Are you using the
best form of sending it in order to ensure the best chance of the message
being properly received? Are there cultural, environmental, or language

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 Module 2: The Process of Communication

differences between you and the other party that could cause
miscommunication?

4. Channel
The channel is the method or methods that you use to convey your
message. The type of message you have will help to determine the channel
that you should use. Channels include face-to-face conversations, telephone
calls or videoconferences, and written communication like emails and
memos.
What other examples of channel in communication can you
think of?
5. Decoding
Decoding happens when you receive the message that has been sent.
The communication skills required to decode a message successfully
include the ability to read and comprehend, listen actively, or ask clarifying
questions when needed.

6. Receiver
Since you have thought out your message, you've certainly also thought
about what you want the desired result to be on the part of your listener.
But it's important to realize that each person that receives your message
will be listening to it through their own individual expectations, opinions,
and perspectives. Their individual experiences will influence how your
message is received.

7. Feedback
No matter what channel you have used to convey your message, you can
use feedback to help determine how successful your communication was. If
you are face-to-face with your audience, you can read body language and
ask questions to ensure understanding. If you have communicated via
writing, you can gauge the success of your communication by the response
that you get or by seeing if the result you wanted is delivered.
Is there a feedback when there is non-response from the
receiver?
8. Context
The context is the situation in which you are communicating. It involves
the environment that you are in and that in which your audience is in, the
culture of your organization(s), and elements such as the relationship
between you and your audience.

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 Module 2: The Process of Communication

How does studying first the context help you become a successful sender or
receiver?
9. Noise
This is also called interference. It refers to anything that hinders the
transmission or reception of message. It can be categorized into internal or
external noise. Internal noise refers to anything that we think of during the time
we are engaged in communication like thinking about the unfinished task we
left at home, speculating what the other person will say or thinking about an
appointment we have later. External noise is the noise that comes from outside
such as screaming of children at play, a heavy downpour or vehicles in motion.
Whether internal or external, noise greatly affects our concentration in the
conversation we are involved at the moment.

How can communication be effective with the presence of

noise?
What can we possibly do with noise in communication?

Integrate
Engaging with Community Issues
In this COVID-19 crisis we are facing, how do you think our local
government under the leadership of Mayor Nelson Legacion effectively
communicates information to the Nagueños to give them updates on positive cases
and its initiatives and health safety protocols to be implemented? Are there
instances of communication interferences that you have observed? How can these
interferences be resolved? Suggest practical and clear ways to the city government
on how to effectively communicate and avoiding interferences in communication.
Elucidate further by giving examples.

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 Module 2: The Process of Communication

Try These
A. Matching Type | Time Allotment: 5 min.

Match the items in Column A with the items in Column B. Write your answer in
the blank provided before each number.

A B
_____1. It is the component/ element that is sent or A. Source
exchanged in communication.
B. Communication
_____2. S/he is the person who transmits the message
Process
using verbal or nonverbal means.
_____3. This refers to the situation or environment in C. Message
which communication takes place, which
includes time, place, event, as well as sender’s D. Encoding
and receiver’s feelings, perceptions, beliefs,
attitudes and relationships that determine the E. Channel
formality level of the situation.
F. Decoding
_____4. It refers to anything that hinders the
transmission or reception of the message.
G. Receiver
_____5. It is the listener/ reader who interprets the
message. H. Feedback
_____6. This is the medium/ pathway through which the
I. Context
message travels in order to reach its destination.
_____7. It is the receiver’s response, verbally or J. Noise/ Barrier
nonverbally.
K. Internal Noise
_____8. It is an interference created within the sender or
receiver. Examples are articulation problems, L. External Noise
mumbling, etc.
_____9. It is the process of converting the message into
words, actions or other forms that the speaker
understands.

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 Module 2: The Process of Communication

_____10. It is the process of interpreting the message of

the speaker by the receiver.
B. Dialogue Script Analysis | Time Allotment: 15 min.
Examine the conversation script between Dolly and Tom to look for specific
examples of the parts or elements of communication process, and to explain
effectiveness of communication. Write your answers in the space provided.
Dolly: I’m hungry. Do you want to get pizza tonight?
(After a minute, she didn’t get any reply.)
Dolly: (waving her hands in front of him) No wonder, you have your headphones on.
Tom: (startled) Oh, I’m sorry, Sweetie. I was engrossed in a video game. What were you saying?
Dolly: I’m starving, will you order pizza for dinner?
Tom: Sure, anything for my darling.
Dolly: Awww… thank you, Sweetie.

Source
Messag
e
Channel
Receive
r
Feedbac
k
Context

Noise

Is communication successful between Dolly and Tom? Justify your answer.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________

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 Module 2: The Process of Communication

_________________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________

Challenge Yourself
Map It Out | Time Allotment: 20 min.

Conceptualize and illustrate your chart or diagram that represents your

understanding of the communication process. Arrange and show the relationship
among the following parts or stages in the communication process in your diagram:
context, message, sender, receiver, channel, feedback, noise, encoding, and decoding

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 Module 2: The Process of Communication

High Five!

Complete these prompts:

1. I am surprised about _____________________________________________________________.

2. I have learned that
_________________________________________________________________.

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 Module 2: The Process of Communication

3. With this lesson, I can _____________________________________________________________.

4. I have realized that ________________________________________________________________.
5. I’d like to learn more about _______________________________________________________.

TEXTBOOKS

 Antonino, M.T., Ferida, H., Ibones, J., Iñigo M.E., Salvosa, A.A., & Sarte, M. (2016).
Oral Communication in Context for Senior High School. Malabon City: Mutya
Publishing House, Inc.

 Anonat, R. (2016). Oral Communication in Context, Grade Eleven-Senior High

School. Mandaluyong City: Books Atbp. Publishing Corp.

 Dagdag, L., Perez, E.L., Padilla, M., & Roxas, F. (2016). Speak Right & Make a
Difference. Malabon City: Mutya Publishing House, Inc.

WEB LINKS

The Elements of Communication: A Theoretical Approach. (2013). Retrieved

May 5, 2016, from https://blog.udemy.com/elements-of-communication/

McPheat, S. (2010). Effective Communication Skills. Retrieved from

http://promeng.eu/downloads/training-materials/ebooks/soft-skills/
effective-communication-skills.pdf

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