et Musee PHYSIOLOGY __ CONTRACTION OF SKELETAL MUS Che | ; LOte ts smooth About 4010 oy ime. boely bs sholetel muslt.> anotner t = Cardiac muscles * The same basic. principles ef contraction apply -to tb, tare. tYPES ef muscles - - as Physi olngic Anatomy of Skeletal Muscles tm 5 | L I Skeletal muscle fire + Okeeeai muscle Cortahs nupnerous pir es rang Fae Ste muscle dnd te muscle filores are parallel to one 4 Muscle prove fs fnnewated loy tue moter nerve ending at Huw. Mwiddle ¢ the Ulove+ Sarcolrtma ! Sarccemma i's enclosed in atin pemborans . lé ts 4 tn mem brane Kneun as plasma membrane — the sarcolemma has an Suter Coat ep polysacchartele materials containing +uin covagen fib Fact enel op st. sarcolemma puses Onto & tendon woluch Collects inte a fuse tendon that gees inserted into tia bone: _ - MipspibritsSxedetat musclt contamns seueral lunetredts le Several Heousan: ge erugoftlor ts : Tee pYtbeil Contein actin curd Myosin filaments Tleere ar Hocus 1500 wgesir Mausstts 0 tes, wegepilant and 3000 acttr pdevrert We eugo sin and actin graments are nesponstide, fer muscle condrictiry ORF partly ler pet $0 aut taken and wf fila te one striated Sp yrara Oat meee sin pélamente 19 dee Whereas he acter polamend. 16 Hum « The actin gotameng 35 reopened to 15 T-band berns pobepic 40 polarizect l, - \ FT) whereas tue as A-band hecause 0 75 peo repre © is rons grr i ppecdTOrs f20MM WK Siclog 7 Jy VO pigs + Rptiat i wowidges (teractvon aon) Ue ends of Me actt, (lament acho } ¢ 12 pla UC MMA LUA to He Z4) “A se Muposin Felarmeny fF Pdlerieeg tee bo 219 Fr aynang PevioWn as tween tum and actin tila . US Cus aN iso top ue: con “out 95808 cress -WISe- acrDSS the. myofibrils, and between Pry of ort a mgeE Ahly acting myeyiLrs to ore anomue. F inom yop iris Between 00 Successive Z-cbi'se. i Anown as “renters wa nore (5 MAIheCRNAPACE te FArceynere, lan gtts BS Aho 2Ain ay, je sarcomere S Shortened 40 Cause movernent. fi motcules £ The Htin motecuts Keep te. Sicte-by-sicle rlepienst epactn andl myost pi lanunds . We. relationsuiy between actin and - ioate palamerts ts Lippicuce to Meintain out 407 thtse protein molblu les Tue ttin mokcules (springy in nature (14 rs etaztie): Pre end gp He, moltoult. (5 springy. and atacned to Z-dése while the otter anos — . MREKRENAS OR ethers (4 to the Haters sin filament so tat Hie Contractile madlitnery. | li q tae myo ri ls whl work: ~ Sovoplaam 4 Tues €9.an IC flurd tckween He, myepibrites lt 1 pound coweun He spaces tn the mupepibrits: lt contains kg, FC), and mul. ones Feetiondia whic, Mp proseen ray tuss» Tat SERCPLAIN GEO ———E—E— fovides energy por nucsele ContracttOn 6 ad 47 hm tae Saspasmitc. Keticutum : It ts an ertensive rebreusant contr Quin: Mg Hon. it fs Known as KReundl ts voy tmporta sele eontains_ Go wouten unen discharged mHaees attra AVE +ferces et ye Aettn and myosin gelannnts #0 COUI.e MUICLE COmWAOH DI ——_ ~— its u General Mechanion @ Muscle Conteaction - = » Ge initiation and contracim ef muscles conan Jue feg HPS When mn ACEO pouenticl PASI Qemss tee Motor: perve. fibre to FIs_ ereclivng £9 ‘rx c fwes, wa NT Substance, daty wuoune. is cischarged WMA acts Or Atak lay OA ef He MUSCLE ftir mumbrane and tbs leads 10 Ale epering SY Mmultiny r Atetylewetne-quied Cation duannely Chie epening ¢ _atficuolne, GO cation channels acto Na" lypusen inte rie Intertor ef puss cle fore: Chie 4 WIM, In HUM, ead tp He ‘epwning of. voltage pated Net ol Nei channel ten chapel. TREE Cf mul flere Occurs ancl dwelopment F Impulse mn He muscle fi, 9 Hine He impulse Hie meter Terai. uc ust in tart, lead to tua nclscrasge (n> _ frm SR: thes ein wht. inittate attractve forces Ltw akin and | myesin filamants te came. muscle Contra ctiny 2M amatbisecend , He Ca*! is pumped baci to Hue 5K bya Go i —-Molzayar Mehanism op muscle Contra Udeng filament Mechanism the relayeA Stare of a a sarcomere, tye. ends o Of atin frlanent Awe Successtv * Zediscs larry begin overlap one anciner. ue inti contrglenicre AWE CNET OF ACH Filaments ha a > Nave py 4 ae COO PULA inward ilantent 9° Incy ev re gun acktn palate Ley overlap ¢ r u Mroticr ty a marae ZA se WAVE LEON Pulled Preece et by = Cec MN felamendt 46 ty 1 myost felanecns: SO, mutsete. Contract - througn sUeling oy la- > ccianlom® What CEU ULY COuLse He, My osm ist 2 palarnents 40 sete my when action poterrtea ls regauk - ot, pPoragatect aborg ths musel: pourra, CAS dlscharge cd fron SR: Gus intiates attache” veer actn_and myosin pila a wm poten myposin filanients so thee We myperin fanny xe ever He pament we GAM filament 10 GUSe MUSCLE. Contrackrn . Dis Cove, requlres emerges i foc st ATP mo eeetlaur pao eensracaie. plLarenks | oy fllaments’= They ave Composech ap nugestn molecules - Each _ rokcut, HOS A MW of abou A80N00 and contarns © popypeptidc molecu eae antag E Polypepbae cuir (2 heavy Haiigie “ MW of cioout 200,000, 4 Light each having _ a MW ep eoout 20,000)+ Then myosin naoweciile, as pre ects prov bit. tes ties eve cms5 bridged each of ysnich os flr bee act te porns ‘ov cxanpin wonere the arm aves tue kody of Pe myesin filament — ‘ os Hi. cops sbi ond wher me Wead atteches #0 Cum Chunges, 3) wonich auews He cie se 1 partice to be extended daring contraclen Ce sad of ne t cla bo ac [WS (0 He. mus che Contraction « |b (s_qwuse V0 SSOr gue: ee _ ssbri bas “ites ef oun Fuamenr (> couse contracuon’ We band of ta OPA K1Fose san ctayes AT and uses hn ensrgsy 10-48 Contraction __—sun 00004 seabantern . V at cubed lay Ca” Me actin & actty vu £ PY Sica coy when er ON active 5 Site 4 nie. Ss removed So Met Hue hea ye ace (l4 lf myosin can Big ake site. oF Cu actm filament. During 40 He ayives = Muscle, contr ott a disengaging Ate CONtTACHO, the heealy ee oy! sin qelanents are. aeracdun ng fe the active, S170. tn pa rn, ee Jos anacment couse propeund changes i'n In tamoucular fore, bet, 2 betes, uo tae and arm of myposiin fplament This new auig nmene OF forces : ¢ne_incad #0 tilt towarcls +«@ ar’ and drag actin flonan " aE Alon, use oyu heacl ef crossprlolge. fs ced and te myosin hod ts ec, by attach t _anottur active stte of Beun filament, é and once bw nead HEE towards te acm and te Wend is aésengaged and actin amet ts dragged odeng ley anptiwr step. this 41 of lead is knaw n 9 Yow STRO AR and tls ts how the Wead ef te Uossbridlge wilt bo vending ‘hack and portn along Ht actin pilamut thereby dragging ending ay aragyarg fw actin lament along 6tep- nn. cateng tHe, actin ple tnt + Was process fs Known a> UW Wwatic mecnants: The greater -we. number pp cross bridges qttaching 0 tte qctie site 5p Qetin lament, He. greater We. strengin Of conte cto ___ —Energett65 of Musca Contract Hor outpur of muscle, contractroy ©ae tls aan be eepressed matnemat) comme resistance 4 movement WebXt where We Works lal L Load to be moved _ Dd DPdestances through lehuth lod has bey oo 7 - : —~ sources of energy during muscle, contraction ___— ee, At rest, tie amouné ep energy sioreol in ter merscle. -coout “F ralM tp ATR Tis can only sustain contraction for 1-2 secencls and +s ATP ie Alegeacted int Ad? For_contractton to contmur, ADP Nas te be rep hesplicyla ‘to form ATPF tne firo4 source-ep energy to cause. Hus nephosphov lation is_ Phosphe creatine which has a Wg hor energy 4ah ATP. ADP clianes phospha 10R from jt to reconstttute ATP and Paesphocreatine. THis enemy can be Used te sustain contraction per 5-B seconds - For con ract’en tp contin ex energy tenover samuel be shipted t gyézly Of glipegen Ms enrymaric breakclown of JY OGM 40 pyruvic add an tactic acd wit yied energy rn forum op ATP. Clu guycou4sis can be Uzed fo reconstitwe ATP ancl phospiecreatne. ss wat contraction can Conty NE can only ylad energy per contraction for many seconols or I milage Angtiey sourte, op entroy fp mamma. ATS and replospusrylate AMP js Omi clative motato usm which con be wed por many Wweurs dey ong eontragty Tre (ov stutt cure fats, coro bydrates 4 protein wit tue greater being pro ft Gid can be UsCdL poy aon TRUET for many Wwours, For coneravuens laging for 2-4, - __ Casbolydrates Can lee Used-arto ERCIT ATIDA COM TRACTION COUPLING __ AQ JUNCTION — —— THE _NEUROMUSCN vnaued ; i |. myplinated nerve pa by, Skeletal muscle. pores are inoervectide by larg myplinc fibres ‘ f cinterior horn Bf sping, that originate. grom large motor neuron in tne cn . beuy branches =. Cord. Fach nerve. fibre. on entering into ine muscle. loety 5 Seve times te innervate pom 3 tv several. Mudreds muse. fibres: FoCH Nerve. Pobre. ak +p midpoint Th fibre makes a NM junctoy with +he muse action peteatiat transmitted by rene. Stgnals (nto Hae. myscle filere Spreads 49 woth ends of +e. muscle plore: Facopt about P16 of Ho Skeixt,) PUISCLE Hore. | Here, fs only ene. Such Junction inte. sreetal muscle fire PHYSIOLOGIC ANATOMY OF THR NM qUNCTION = Fach nerve. pore MAKES a junction with the muscle fibre and +his None Fiore invagingtes into tne, Surface. af the muscle Phare. ast lying puctside t..| . MUSCL Aibre. The invaginated memiorane ts Kntwn as SYN netic GUTTER) TROUGH . The space Une nerve terminal Gnd the mus Cle Plame membrane ts known as SUNAFTIC SPACE leEET. Aa the, bottom of the guiter are Smauw Oumereds folds Of the muscle. fibre mambrang Known as Subneyl g ha wate precluce AT Aectyt coving ES Syrttestzed in reabsorbed into ie s 5 Yn ptic Wich kads ty tie syntinesis op acetyl luo Une + Hae Cyproplason of te neve temnat and vesicle» There ase about 400,000 of SUCH SYNR PHC Vesicles ntHe Nerve ermmaw= oF AckT YL GHOLINE germina’, there are Unear clense b, isa + At each 5 Side i ae nerve 3 bands are. voltage ~gated Ca2+ Lense. Cheung, eo eh, 50 2 hen Were ig ria dal (nme Neve terminal, Ca2* mo gon pote : ONES trom te ; at Synaptic q pach and enter me nerve. terminal 4arpugh te. volta geg atal chan 7 a" wll have an bnplucence on synaptic Vesteles, ettractmg “, 1. ae nee terminal membrane and making Hem fuse With Hie 7 prant. 50 the acelyi Cheiine (Ss rewased- “Chere are. about 125 pp vesicles that wit fuse. with te germmal membrane. to relase um suc axcaye choline. voleetn ts netedved ley acetyl choline. reapers locazed in wu synapt’e Space og Hu. muscle pibre These aeetyt Couns receptocs qt Wnown as _actryl Choline gareal channels so tect when acetyt choine &s reteased , two molecules gp acttyt woline wilt fuse with Ha - subunit protens the acetyt upline gated channus Vane 5 sulountt yrans: 2 aipna,! wera, | dolta,and \ gamma- _____ The acetyl choline, revasecl prem nerve cermmat 6 atiqded to the Jeng subunit potens cn tht channel . 42 openg up tue a rod Channel and Nat i's cltypused inte +e channel to Hw dnterror ie muscle. peore. Tus leads 42 tw end place potential which further inifates an actron potentiat in te muscle filore and contraction tates cory! Clone - initiated In the mus ce nat i5_action jpoeential poe, G's _ Aischargecl fmm SP. vonich oper attractive fore). between myosin and Haments bo sudt over each ortier +0 Quise, Mis che. ContraceroreLa pestTRuction OF ACET YL CHOLINE RELEASED. when—actyy! sn actly! chotine. #2 eased inte tse qaaromassclte $2B0e MiPabray, cety re Bt, aus ry asiy!chatntsterase” AMSHE Par 9, & acetyl cuouine dippuses away prov tue gibre membrane - The main o,, Op quis destruction of aceryt aper we musde fore has recovarcl from the intial a 1S because Hu fu y acctytcrotine- Hat is released er Lept 10 the Synaper’ sp, ws. enougi to cure the muscle gibve Within a Aw Mileiseconds 7 Choune is te prevent muscle Te-eXtitate, caren _patcndi a/. % ia