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Lecture 13

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17 views20 pages

Lecture 13

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Mwape
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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ENG 3165 LECTURE

THERMODYNAMICS COMPONENT
13
Heat Transfer
Introduction

❑This lecture concludes the Thermodynamics component of


the ENG 3165 Course.
❑It provides an overview of the three main heat transfer
methods; mainly Conduction, Convection and Radiation.

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GENERAL INTRODUCTION
• So far we have discussed different thermodynamic states and observed the
property changes and from this deduced the heat transfer.
• Heat flow is transient problem so its analysis will involve more than
investigation of equilibrium states.
• The laws of heat transfer obey the first and second laws of thermodynamics;
energy is conserved and heat must flow from hot to cold.
• The transfer of heat can take place by two phenomena known as conduction
and radiation. These phenomena may take place in a given system on their
own or they may occur simultaneously. As the result of conduction and for
radiation occurring into a fluid media then a transport transfer of heat may
occur called convection.
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GENERAL INTRODUCTION
Heat Transfer
• Heat transfer is flow of energy
solely due to a temperature
difference or gradient
• From the Second Law of
Thermodynamics, heat flows in
the direction of decreasing
temperature – down a
temperature gradient.
• Heat energy can be transported
through a solid, liquid, gas or even
a vacuum.
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GENERAL INTRODUCTION
Mass Transfer
• Mass transfer is the net
movement of mass from one
location, usually meaning
stream, phase, fraction or
component , to another.
• This is most commonly from
the region of high
concentration to the lower
concentration. An example
is the evaporation of water
from a pond to the
atmosphere.
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CONDUCTION

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CONVECTION
B. Convection: Thermal convection is the
process by which heat transfer occurs via
bulk motion or currents of moving fluid .
• Heat is transferred through molecular
collisions between the fluid molecules.
• As a result of these collisions, the
temperature in the fluid changes, the
density varies, and the bulk fluid motion
occurs. The high- and low-temperature
fluid elements mix, and heat is
transferred through convection.

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RADIATION

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LAWS OF HEAT TRANSFER

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LAWS OF HEAT TRANSFER

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LAWS OF HEAT TRANSFER
CONDUCTION: FOURIER’S LAW

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LAWS OF HEAT TRANSFER
CONDUCTION: FOURIER’S LAW

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LAWS OF HEAT TRANSFER
CONDUCTION: FOURIER’S LAW
THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY

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Example

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Example

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LAWS OF HEAT TRANSFER
CONVECTION: NEWTON’S LAW OF
COOLING

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LAWS OF HEAT TRANSFER
RADIATION: STEFAN-BOLTZMANN LAW

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“Is not fire a body heated so
hot as to emit light
copiously? For what as is a
red hot iron than fire? And
what else is a burning hot
coal than red hot wood?”

Isaac Newton

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Thank You

Eng. Flora Chitalu


The University of Zambia
School of Engineering
Department of Mechanical Engineering
[email protected]

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