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Strings in Java

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44 views

Strings in Java

Uploaded by

goldenchickenbites
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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What is a String?

 Strings are used for storing text.


 A string is a sequence of characters that is
treated as a single value.
 String Literal: Enclosed in double quotes like
 “Hello Java”
 In Java, strings are basically objects of a
predefined Class called “String”
 The java.lang.String class is used to create a
string object.
How To Create a String?
• There are two ways to create String object:
• By new keyword
• By string literal
1) By new keyword
• Since string is an object of class String, We use new operator to
create a string object
• For this, we use a string variable, new operator, and a
constructor method
Example:
String str=new String(“Hello Java”);
OR
String str; // Declare a string variable
Str=new String(“Hello Java”);
//create new object in memory with contents “Hello Java”and assign its reference to str
string variable
Second Method to Create String

• Declare String variable and initialize


with String Literal

• String str1=“Hello Java”;

• String str2=“Programming”;
How To Access Individual Characters from String

• Use charAt(index) method

• For example To print 5th character


• String str=“Hello”; // create & initialize string object
• System.out.println(str.charAt(4)); // 5th item is on index 4

Output:
o
• Use length() Method
• Returns number of characters in string

Example:
String str=“Java”;
System.out.println(str.length());
Output:
4
How To Input String?
• Use Scanner class and next() or nextLine() Methods
import java.util.Scanner;
public class StringInput {
public static void main (String[] args) {
Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
String name;
System.out.print("What is your name?");
name = input.next( ); //get one word string, no space
Or
name=input.nextLine(); //get multiple word string-(space)
System.out.print(“Your Name is:”+name);
}
}
How To Input String? Method-II
• Use JOptionPane Class, showInputDialog() method
import javax.swing.JOptionPane;
class StringInput2
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
String name=JOptionPane.showInputDialog("Enter Name");
System.out.println(name);
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null,name);
System.exit(0);
}
}
Display All Chars of String

• Use charAt(index) and length() methods


String str=“Java”;
for(int i=0; i<str.length(); i++) // Loop i=0 to 3
System.out.println(str.charAt(i));
• Output:
J
a
v
a
Program: Reverse a String
import javax.swing.JOptionPane;
public class StringReverse {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String name=JOptionPane.showInputDialog("Enter Name");
String s="";
for(int i = name.length()-1; i>=0; i--) //if name=ABCD, Put D,C,B,A in s variable
s=s+name.charAt(i);
OptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, s);
System.exit(0);

}
}
String Comparison

• Use equals() Method


• equals() method returns true if both strings are
same otherwise false.
Example: string 2
• String s1=“abc”;
• String s2=“abc”;
If(s1.equals(s2))

string 1
String Comparison

Example:
• String s1=“abc”;
• String s2=“abc”;
• If(s1.equals(s2))
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null,“Same”);
else
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null,“Different”);
String Concatenation
• Use concat() Method or + Operator
• Returns concatenated String
Example:
• String s1=“Hello”;
• String s2=“ Java”;
• String s3=s1.concat(s2);
• String s4=s1 + s2;

JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null,s3);
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null,s4);

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