PERSONAL FOOTPRINT CALCULATOR

A Project Report
Submitted in partial fulfillment of the
Requirements for the award of the Degree of

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE (INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY)

By

Ms. VAIBHAVI BHAUD

SEAT NUMBER
Under the esteemed guidance of

Ms. Roshni Soni

Assistant Professor

DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

VASAI COLLEGE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(Affiliated to University of Mumbai)
Mumbai,401105
Maharashtra
2024- 25

VASAI COLLEGE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

(Affiliated to University of Mumbai)
DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
 PROFORMA FOR THE APPROVAL PROJECT
PROPOSAL
(Note: All entries of the proforma of approval should be filled up with appropriate an
complete information. Incomplete proforma of approval in any respect will be summarily
rejected.)

PNR No.: …………………… Seat no:

1. Name of the Student : Vaibhavi Jaywant Bhaud.

2. Title of the Project : PERSONAL FOOTPRINT CALCULATOR.

3. Name of the Guide: MS ROSHNI SONI

4. Teaching experience of the Guide: 7 Years

5. Is this your first submission? Yes No

Signature of the Student Signature of the Guide

Date: ……………………. Date: …………………

Signature of the Coordinator

Date: …………………
 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the project entitled, "PERSONAL FOOTPRINT CALCULATOR. ", is
bona work of VAIBHAVI BHAUD. bearing Seat. No: (NUMBER) submitted in partial
fulfillment of the requirements for the award of degree of BACHELOR OF SCIENCE in
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY from University of Mumbai.

Internal Guide Coordinator

Ms. Roshni Soni Mr. Vimal Upadhyay

External Examiner

Date: College Seal

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The existing Project, as a part of the curriculum, was a first-of-its-kind
experience for me. I had looked upon this project not merely as a syllabus to
be completed but as be completed but as an aim to know, study, develop
and experience the commercial software enhancement and development
strategies. The past two years have been so helpful for this project, as
software-related planning needs and design, implementation were been
explained, thank you subject teachers for letting me understanding the need
for dedication to any project. Foremost regards to my guide Mrs. Roshni Soni.
I would Thank You our H.O.D. Vimal Upadhyay. who made available the
facilities required for the project work such as suitable timings. Regular
discussion.

The contribution by my friends and mates directly or indirectly was essential,

and will always be remembered. This opportunity has given me valuable
experience in software development in the real world, which will help me in
the near future.
 ABSTRACT

A personal footprint calculator is a tool designed to help individuals

assess their environmental impact based on daily activities and consumption
patterns. It evaluates factors such as energy usage, transportation habits,
waste production, and dietary choices to estimate the carbon footprint or
ecological footprint of a person. By inputting data regarding lifestyle choices,
users receive a visual representation of their impact, often measured in
terms of carbon dioxide emissions or land use. The calculator typically
provides insights into areas for improvement and suggests actionable steps
to reduce one's footprint, promoting greater awareness of sustainability and
encouraging eco-friendly practices. Ultimately, it aims to empower users to
make informed decisions that contribute to a more sustainable future.
 DECLARATION
I hereby declare that the project entitled, “PERSONAL FOOTPRINT
CALCULATOR” done at Vasai College of Sci & Technology, has not been in any
case duplicated to submit to any other university for the award of any
degree. To the best of my knowledge other than me, no one has submitted to
any other university. The project is done in partial fulfillment of the
requirements for the award of degree of BACHELOR OF SCIENCE
(INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY) to be submitted as final semester project as
part of our curriculum.

VAIBHAVI BHAUD.

SIGNATURE
 TABLE OF CONENT
Chapter Chapter Name Page no. Sign
No.
1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background
1.2 Objectives
1.3 Purpose, Scope &
Applicability
1.3.1 Purpose
1.3.2 Scope
1.3.3 Applicability
1.4 Achievements
1.5 Organization of Report
2. SURVEY OF TECHNOLOGY
3. REQUIREMENTS AND ANALYSIS

3.1 Problem Definition

3.2 Requirements Specification
3.3 Planning and Scheduling
3.4 Software And Hardware Requirements

3.5 Preliminary Product Description

3.6 Conceptual Models
4. SYSTEM DESIGN
4.1 Basic Modules
4.2 Data Design
4.2.2 Data Integrity and Constraints
4.3 Procedural Design
4.3.1 Logic Diagram
4.3.2 Data Structure
4.3.3 Algorithm Design
4.4 User interface design
4.5 Security Issues
4.6 Test Cases Design
 List of Tables

Table No. Table Name Sign

3.3.2. Gantt Chart (Table View)
4.3.3 Algorithm Design Table
4.4.2.1 User Environment
4.6 Test Cases
 List of Figures

Figure No. Figure Name Sign

3.3.1 Pert Chart
3.3.2 Gantt Chart (Graph View)
3.6.1 ER Diagram
3.6.2 Flow Chart
4.2 Data Design (Schema Design)

4.3.1 Control Flow Chart

.
 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background:
In today's world, where environmental concerns are becoming
increasingly urgent, understanding the impact of our activities on the planet
is essential. A footprint calculator is a powerful tool designed to help
individuals, organizations, and products measure and assess their
environmental impact. Knowing how our actions affect the environment is
crucial in the modern world, as environmental issues are growing more
pressing.

A footprint calculator is an effective tool made to assist people,

businesses, and goods in determining and evaluating their environmental
impact. In general, the phrase "footprint" refers to the quantity of resources
used and waste produced, including energy, water, carbon emissions, and
other environmental issues. The desire to quantify and lessen human
influence on the environment, as well as the growing global awareness of
environmental issues, are the fundamental reasons for the footprint
calculators.

The 1960s saw the beginning of the environmental movement as concerns

over pollution, habitat destruction, and resource depletion grew. The
publishing of significant works like Rachel during this time.

1.2 Objectives:

The following are the main goals of a footprint calculator:

 Awareness Raising: To educate people about how their actions affect

the environment, especially when it comes to resource usage and carbon
emissions.
 Behavior Change: By pointing out places where people may lessen
their impact, this technique encourages users to embrace more
environmentally friendly habits.
 Personalized Feedback: To give consumers customized information
based on their unique habits, empowering them to make wise decisions
about their way of life.
 Goal Setting: To let people create and monitor individual sustainability
goals while encouraging responsibility.
 Educational Resource: To inform people on how their actions affect the
environment, particularly how transportation, energy use, and
consumption habits affect the environment.
 Community Engagement: To promote a sense of community and
collective action by allowing individuals to compare their footprints with
others and inspire change.

1.3 Purpose, Scope, And Applicability:

1.3.1 Purpose:

The purpose of a personal footprint calculator is to help individuals quantify

their environmental impact, raise awareness about sustainable choices,
encourage behavior change, and empower users to set and track
sustainability goals. It aims to foster informed decision-making and promote
a more sustainable lifestyle.

an individual’s carbon emissions and resource use. Educate users about the
effects of their lifestyle choices on the environment. Inspire behavior change
towards more eco-friendly practices.

Help users establish and track personal sustainability goals. Equip individuals
with knowledge to make informed decisions and reduce their footprint.

1.3.2 Scope:
The calculator assesses factors such as energy consumption, transportation,
and lifestyle choices to quantify the carbon dioxide and other greenhouse
gas emissions.

 Carbon Emissions Measurement: Calculating each person's carbon

footprint due to lifestyle decisions, energy use, and transportation.
 Resource Consumption Analysis: Analyzing the use of materials, food,
and water.
 Personalized Feedback: Making specific suggestions to lessen the
effect.
 Goal Setting & Tracking: Giving users the capacity to identify and keep
track of sustainability objectives.
 Comparative Insights: Permitting users to assess how their footprints
measure up against peers or averages.
 Integration with Other Tools: Establishing connections with
sustainability-oriented apps.

1.3.3 Applicability:
A personal footprint calculator can be used in a variety of settings and
with different kinds of people. The following are some crucial areas:
 Individual Use: People may evaluate the impact they have on the
environment, which empowers them to make well-informed decisions on
lifestyle modifications.
 Households: By using the calculator, families can assess their
consumption habits as a group and pinpoint areas for development,
helping to promote a sustainable culture at home.
 Education: To help students understand the consequences of their
decisions, schools and colleges might include footprint calculators in their
environmental science curricula.
 company Responsibility: Employers can urge staff members to lessen
their environmental impact and support company sustainability programs
by providing them with calculators.
 Community Programs: To encourage locals to participate in
sustainability initiatives, local governments and groups might use
footprint calculators in community workshops.

1.4 Achievements:
Completing this project provided valuable insights into building a Personal
Footprint Calculator. I learned how to design and develop a system using
modern web technologies, and tackled challenges.

The project contributes to footprint calculate by offering an easy-to-use tool

that reduces energy consumption, using public transport, and minimizing
waste. It meets the project goals used to assess an individual's
environmental impact by measuring factors. Additionally, it goes beyond the
original goals by including features that enhance security and compliance.
These achievements underscore the effectiveness of personal footprint
calculators as tools for education, motivation, and meaningful change in
environmental behavior.
1.5 Organization Of Report:
When organizing a report on a personal footprint calculator, it's essential to
present the information clearly and logically. Here's a suggested structure
for your report:
 Introduction:
Purpose of the report
Importance of measuring personal footprints (carbon, water, etc.)
Brief overview of the calculator's functionality
 Background Information:
Definition of personal footprint
Overview of environmental impact and sustainability
Significance of tracking personal footprints
 Methodology:
Description of how the calculator works

Data inputs required (e.g., transportation, energy use, diet)

Algorithms or formulas used in calculations
 Features of the Calculator:
User interface overview
Types of footprints calculated (carbon, water, etc.)
Additional tools or resources (e.g., tips for reducing footprints)
 Results and Analysis:
Sample results from using the calculator
Interpretation of data and what it means for users
Comparison of average footprints vs. personal footprints
 Discussion:
Insights gained from using the calculator
Challenges faced in data collection and analysis
Importance of personal responsibility in sustainability
 Conclusion:
Summary of key findings
Reiteration of the importance of tracking personal footprints
 CHAPTER 2: SURVEY OF TECHNOLOGIES
 Introduction to Technologies
In this chapter, we review the key technologies used in developing the
Personal Footprint Calculator project. This includes tools for the front end,
back end, and database, as well as other essential technologies. We’ll
explain why each technology was chosen and how it supports the project’s
goals.

 Chosen Technologies
● Front-End Technologies: HTML, CSS, Bootstrap, JavaScript.
● Back-End Technologies: Spring Boot, Java/PHP.
● Database Technologies: MySQL.
● Additional Tools: Git, Visual Studio Code.

 Reasons for Choosing These Technologies:

● HTML, CSS, and JavaScript are essential for creating and styling web
pages.
● Bootstrap makes it easy to design a responsive interface.
 ● Java Spring Boot provide the reliability and scalability needed for server-
side operations.
● My SQL ensures robust data management and integration with Java.

Comparative Study:

Technology Ease Of Performan Securi Communi Cost

Use ce ty ty
HTML/CSS/JavaScript/ High High Mediu High Free
Bootstrap m
PHP/Java, Laravel Medium High High High Free
My SQL Medium High High High Free

 FRONT-END TECHNOLOGY:
 HTML/CSS:

 HTML (Hyper Text Markup Language) is the standard markup language

used to create and design webpages. It provides the basic structure of a
webpage, which is then enhanced and styled using CSS (Cascading Style
Sheets) and made interactive with JavaScript.
 HTML is the backbone of web development, providing the essential
structure for webpages. Understanding its elements and best practices is
crucial for creating accessible, well-structured, and efficient web content.

 CSS:

 CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) is a stylesheet language used to control the

presentation and layout of HTML documents. By separating content
(HTML) from presentation (CSS), developers can create visually appealing
websites while maintaining clean and manageable code.
 CSS is a powerful tool for styling HTML documents and enhancing the user
experience on the web. Understanding its fundamentals, including the
cascade, specificity, and layout techniques, is essential for creating
responsive and visually appealing websites. As web development evolves,
mastering CSS remains crucial for both designers and developers.
 Bootstrap:

 Bootstrap is a popular front-end framework for developing responsive and

mobile-first websites. Created by Twitter, it provides a collection of pre-
designed HTML, CSS, and JavaScript components that help streamline the
web development process. The primary goal of Bootstrap is to simplify the
 design and layout of web applications while ensuring they look good on all
devices.
 Its ease of use, flexibility, and extensive documentation make it a favorite
among developers for building modern, responsive web applications.
Understanding Bootstrap can significantly enhance your web
development skills and streamline your workflow.

 BACK-END TECHNOLOGY:
 Java:

 Java is a high-level, object-oriented programming language. It is designed

to be platform-independent, secure, and robust, making it a popular
choice for building a wide range of applications, from web and mobile
applications to large-scale enterprise systems.
 Java is a versatile and powerful programming language that has been
widely adopted for various applications across different domains. Its
platform independence, robust features, and extensive libraries make it a
favorite among developers.

 MySQL:
 MySQL is an open-source relational database management system
(RDBMS) that uses Structured Query Language (SQL) for database
management. Originally developed by MySQL AB and now owned by
Oracle Corporation, MySQL is one of the most popular databases
worldwide, especially in web applications.
 MySQL is a powerful and flexible relational database management system
widely used for various applications, from small websites to large-scale
enterprise systems. Its rich feature set, ease of use, and strong
community support make it an excellent choice for developers.
Understanding its core components.
 SPRING BOOT:

 Spring Boot is an open-source Java-based framework that simplifies the

process of building and deploying Spring applications. Developed by
Pivotal Software (part of VMware), it is designed to make it easy to create
stand-alone, production-ready Spring-based applications with minimal
configuration.
 Its auto-configuration, wide ecosystem, and focus on convention over
configuration enable developers to build robust applications efficiently.
Understanding Spring Boot's features

 VISIUAL STUDIO CODE:

 Visual Studio Code (VS Code) is a free, open-source code editor developed
by Microsoft. It is a lightweight yet powerful editor that supports various
programming languages and frameworks, making it popular among
developers for building web applications, desktop applications, and more.
 Visual Studio Code is a versatile and powerful code editor that enhances
productivity for developers across various programming languages and
frameworks. Its rich feature set, extensive customization options, and
strong community support make it a popular choice for both beginners

CHAPTER 3: REQUIREMENTS AND ANALYSIS

3.1 Problem Definition:
A personal footprint calculator evaluates and quantifies a person's
environmental effect according to their lifestyle decisions and actions. The
purpose of the tool is to promote more environmentally friendly behaviors
and increase awareness of individual contributions to environmental
degradation. (energy, fish, grazing land, crops, forests). Which is can lead to:
 Quantify Environmental Impact: Measure aspects such as carbon
emissions, water usage, and overall ecological footprint.
 Raise Awareness: Educate users about the environmental consequences
of their choices and behaviors.
 Encourage Sustainable Practices: Provide actionable insights and
recommendations for reducing their footprint.
 Track Progress: Allow users to set goals for reducing their impact and
monitor their progress over time.
 Behavioral Change: Motivating users to implement suggested changes
and maintain those changes over time.
 Privacy Concerns: Addressing user concerns regarding the collection
and storage of personal data.
The project aims to create that minimizes these issues by providing accurate,
secure, and efficient, By providing insights into their behaviors and practical
recommendations for change, it empowers users to make informed choices
that contribute to sustainability and environmental protection.

3.2 Requirements Specification:

This phase outlines the requirements for The Personal Footprint Calculator
without focusing on how these requirements will be implemented. It
describes the system's functions, & Non function the actions it must support,
and identifies issues with the current systems.

 Functional Requirements:
 User Registration: Account creation with email/password. Secure
login and password recovery.

 User Profile Management: Input/update personal details (age,

location, household size).

 Data Input:

Transportation: Modes and distances traveled.

Energy Consumption: Monthly usage of electricity and gas.

 Diet: Dietary preferences and meal frequency.

Waste Generation: Recycling habits and waste disposal.

 Goal Setting and Tracking: Allow users to set and track

sustainability goals.

 Non-Functional Requirements:
 Usability: Intuitive interface accessible to all users.

 Performance: Response time within 2 seconds; support for 500

concurrent users.

 Security: Data encryption and compliance with regulations (e.g.,

GDPR).

 Compatibility: Accessible on desktop and mobile devices.

 Scalability: Support for future enhancements.

3.3 Planning And Scheduling:

 Gantt Chart (Table View):

ACTIVITY START DATE ESTIMATED DATE

Survey 17-jun 27-June-2024
Background Study 27-jun 9-July-2024
Requirement Specification 09-jul 17-Jul
Conceptual Models 17-jul 03-Aug
Designing 03-aug 02-Sep
Coding 02-sep 13-Jan
Testing 13-jan 23-Jan
Debugging 23-jan 21-Feb
Implementation 21-feb
1-March-2025
 PERT Chart:

3.4 Software And Hardware Requirements:

3.4.1 Hardware Requirement:
To ensure the successful development and implementation of the Personal
Footprint Calculator, the following hardware components are required:

● Processor: A modern multi-core processor (e.g., Intel i5 or AMD Ryzen 5)

for efficient performance.
 ● RAM: Minimumof8GBRAMtohandledevelopment tasks and run the system
smoothly.

● Storage: At least 500 GB of disk space, preferably SSD, for storing project
files and software.

● Mouse and Keyboard: Standard input devices for comfortable and

efficient coding.

● Network: Reliable internet connection for development, testing, and

accessing online resources.

3.4.2 Software Requirements:

The following software tools and systems are necessary for developing,
compiling, and testing the Personal Footprint Calculator :

● Operating System: Windows 10/11 or a compatible Linux distribution for

development and deployment.

● Integrated Development Environment (IDE): Tools like IntelliJ IDEA,

Eclipse, or Visual Studio Code for writing and debugging code.

● Compiler: Java Development Kit (JDK) for compiling Java code.

● Frameworks and Libraries: Spring Boot for backend development,

Bootstrap for front-end design.

● Database Management System: MySQL for managing and storing data.

● Version Control System: Git for tracking changes in the codebase and
collaboration.

By meeting these hardware and software requirements, the project will be

well-equipped to handle the development and deployment of the Footprint
Calculator effectively.

3.5 Preliminary Product Description:

Eco Track is an intuitive and user-friendly personal footprint calculator
designed to help individuals assess their environmental impact through
everyday activities. By providing insights into carbon emissions, water
usage, and other ecological footprints, Eco Track empowers users to make
informed decisions and adopt sustainable practices.

 Eco Track is designed for environmentally-conscious individuals, families,

and communities looking to understand and reduce their ecological
 footprints. It caters to a wide demographic, from students to
professionals, aiming to foster a culture of sustainability.
 Available as a web-based application and mobile app, Eco Track ensures
accessibility across devices, allowing users to track their footprints
anytime, anywhere.

Eco Track is more than just a calculator; it’s a comprehensive tool for
individuals committed to making a positive environmental impact. By
providing personalized insights and fostering community engagement, Eco
Track encourages sustainable living in a practical and enjoyable way.

3.6 Conceptual Models:

 Data Flow Diagram:

 ER Diagram:
 Class Diagram:
 Use Case Diagram:

 Flow Chart Diagram:

 Chapter 4: System Design
4.1 Basic Modules:
This chapter explains how the Personal Footprint Calculator is structured,
focusing on the main parts (modules) that handle different tasks. Each
module is developed separately and then combined to create the full system.
Basic Modules of a Personal Footprint Calculator.

 User Management Module:

Registration/Login: Handles user sign-up and authentication.

Profile Management: Allows users to update personal information

and preferences.

 Data Input Module:

Questionnaire: Collects data on transportation, energy usage, diet,
waste, and water consumption.

Data Validation: Ensures that the input data is accurate and

complete.

 Calculation Module:
Footprint Algorithms: Processes user inputs using established
formulas to calculate carbon, water, and waste footprints.
 Data Aggregation: Combines various inputs to provide a
comprehensive footprint assessment.

 Results Display Module:

Visual Dashboard: Presents footprint results through graphs and
charts for easy interpretation.

Detailed Reports: Provides breakdowns of each footprint type,

including comparisons to averages.
 Recommendation Module:
Personalized Suggestions: Offers tailored recommendations for
reducing environmental impact based on calculated footprints.

Action Tracking: Allows users to set and track sustainability goals.

 Feedback Module:
User Feedback Collection: Gathers user insights and suggestions for
improving the calculator.

 Progress Tracking Module:

History Log: Allows users to view their past footprints and
improvements over time.

Notifications: Sends reminders for users to update their data or check

on their goals.

These basic modules create a comprehensive personal footprint calculator

that enhances user engagement, provides meaningful insights, and
encourages sustainable behavior.

4.2 Data Design

4.2.1 Schema Design
A well-structured database schema is essential for efficiently managing data
in a personal footprint calculator. Here’s a simplified schema design
overview:

 User Table
Purpose: Stores user information.
Fields:
 User ID (Primary Key) ,Name, Email (Unique), Password, Location,
Created At
 Footprint Table
Purpose: Records calculated footprint data for each user.
Fields:
Footprint ID (Primary Key), User ID (Foreign Key), Carbon
Footprint, Water Footprint, Waste Footprint, Date Calculated.
 Input Data Table
Purpose: Captures detailed input data for each footprint calculation.
Fields:
Input ID (Primary Key), Footprint ID (Foreign Key), Transportation
Usage, Energy Consumption, Diet Type, Waste Generated, Water
Usage, Date Entered.
 Recommendations Table
Purpose: Stores suggestions based on footprint calculations.
Fields:
Recommendation ID (Primary Key), Footprint ID (Foreign Key),
Action Item, Impact Description, Priority Level
 Feedback Table
Purpose: Captures user feedback for improvements.
Fields:
Feedback ID (Primary Key), User ID (Foreign Key), Comment, Rating,
Date Submitted.
4.2.2 Data Integrity And Constraints:

Data integrity constraints are crucial for ensuring the accuracy,

consistency, and reliability of the data stored in the Streamlined
Maintenance System. These constraints enforce rules to prevent invalid or
inconsistent data from being entered into the database. In this section, we
will outline the integrity constraints applied to various tables in the
system.
4.3 Procedural Design
4.3.1 Logic Diagrams:
4.3.2 Data Structure
1. User Profile Data:
o Stores user-specific information (e.g., age, location, household
size).
o Can be used for personalized recommendations based on
geographical or demographic factors.

2. Energy Consumption Data:

o Stores information on household energy usage (e.g., electricity,
gas, water).
o Each energy type has a corresponding unit (e.g., kWh for
electricity, therms for gas).
o Tracks historical data for comparing changes over time.

3. Transportation Data:
o Records transportation habits (e.g., car, public transit, biking,
walking).
o Tracks miles or kilometers traveled by each mode.
o Contains details like vehicle type, fuel efficiency (for cars), and
fuel type (gasoline, electric).

4.Diet and Food Consumption Data:

o Stores user dietary preferences (e.g., vegetarian, vegan,
omnivore).
o Tracks types and quantities of food consumed (e.g., meat, dairy,
grains).
o Includes emissions factors for each food type (e.g., higher
emissions for meat vs. plant-based foods).

5.Waste Production Data:

o Stores information on waste generation (e.g., recycling,
composting, landfill).
o Includes types of waste (e.g., plastic, organic, paper).
o Tracks how much waste is recycled or composted vs. sent to a
landfill.

6.Carbon and Ecological Footprint Calculation Data:

 o Contains emissions factors for different activities (e.g., energy
use, transportation, food).
o Stores formula results for total carbon footprint, water footprint,
and ecological footprint.
o Used to calculate cumulative impact over a set time period (e.g.,
monthly, yearly).

7.Historical Data Storage:

o Maintains historical user input and footprint data for tracking
progress.
o Allows comparisons between current and past footprints to
highlight improvements.

8.Recommendations and Insights Data:

o Stores personalized suggestions for reducing the footprint based
on user input.
o Tracks recommendations already provided to avoid repetition.
o Allows for dynamic updates as user habits change.

9.Data Relationships:
o Structured to establish relationships between different factors
(e.g., transportation modes and emissions, energy types and
carbon footprint).
o Uses relational links to connect different input categories (e.g.,
food choices affecting water and carbon footprint).

10.Scalability Considerations:
o Data should be organized in a way that allows easy addition of
new data points (e.g., new energy sources or transportation
options).
o Structures should allow for internationalization, accommodating
diverse units, and emissions factors for global users.

4.3.3 Algorithm Design

Sr.no Algorithm Steps Description
 1. Start Step 1 Start the system and initialize
database connection
2. Input the following Step 2 electricity: Electricity
data consumption (in kWh)
gas: Gas consumption (in the rms
or cubic meters)
water: Water consumption (in
liters or gallons)
3. Input the emission Step 3 EF electricity: Emission factor for
factors electricity (in kg CO2 per kWh)
EF gas: Emission factor for gas (in
kg CO2 per the rm or cubic
meter)
EF water: Emission factor for
water (in kg CO2 per liter or
gallon)
4. Calculate carbon Step 4 Emissions electricity = E
emissions for each electricity * EF electricity
energy type Emissions gas = E gas * EF gas
Emissions water = E_water * EF
water
5. Calculate the total Step 5 Total Emissions = Emissions
carbon emissions electricity + Emissions gas +
Emissions water
6. Display the total Step 6 Total Emissions
emissions

7. End System Step 7 End the process closed and the

the user is information

4.4User interface design:

For your personal footprint calculator project, the User Interface (UI) design plays a critical role
in providing a smooth, intuitive, and visually appealing experience for users. Here are detailed
points to consider for the UI:

1. Homepage/Welcome Screen
 Purpose: Introduce the app’s purpose and encourage user engagement.

 Features:

 Brief Introduction: Short text explaining the goal of the footprint calculator (e.g.,
"Calculate and reduce your environmental footprint").

 Start Button: Clear "Get Started" button to initiate the process.

 Simple Navigation: Include easy-to-find navigation links like "About," "Help," or

"How It Works."

2. User Input Section

 Purpose: Collect user data for footprint calculation (e.g., energy usage, transportation,
diet).

 Features:

o Input Fields: Well-labeled text fields, dropdown menus, and sliders to enter data.
Fields should be easy to understand (e.g., "Enter your daily energy usage (kWh)"
or "Select your transportation mode").

o Units of Measurement: Clearly visible units for input fields (e.g., kWh, miles,
pounds) with possible tooltips explaining what they represent.

o Default Values: Pre-filled or suggested values based on average data to make

inputs quicker (e.g., default energy usage, average waste per week).

o Validation: Real-time validation of input data (e.g., error messages if non-numeric

values are entered in numeric fields, or required fields left blank).

3. Interactive Dropdowns & Sliders

 Purpose: Allow users to select options quickly and interactively for categories like
transportation, diet, and waste.

 Features:
 o Dropdown Menus: For categories like "Transportation Mode" (Car, Bike, Public
Transport, etc.) and "Diet" (Vegetarian, Omnivore, Vegan).

o Sliders: For input fields like energy consumption, transportation distance, or

waste production (e.g., sliding to choose the amount of energy used or distance
traveled).

4. Calculation Button

 Purpose: A button to process the data input and calculate the user’s environmental
footprint.

 Features:

o Call to Action: A prominent, easy-to-locate button with a clear label (e.g.,

"Calculate Footprint").

o Loading Indicator: A visual cue (e.g., spinning icon or progress bar) when the
calculation is being processed.

5. Results Section

 Purpose: Display the user’s calculated footprint with clear and insightful data.

 Features:

o Breakdown of Footprint: Provide a summary of each category (energy,

transportation, diet, waste) with the associated carbon or ecological footprint.

o Visual Representation: Use graphs, pie charts, or bar charts to visually represent
the footprint in a clear and engaging way. This could show the percentage of each
category contributing to the overall footprint.

o Comparison: Show the user how their footprint compares to average footprints
(e.g., national or global averages).

o Color Coding: Use color coding to signify high impact (e.g., red for high, green
for low) to make it easy to understand.
6. Suggestions for Reduction

 Purpose: Offer actionable tips and advice to help users reduce their environmental
impact.

 Features:

o Custom Recommendations: Based on the user’s inputs, provide tailored

suggestions (e.g., "Switch to energy-efficient appliances" if energy usage is high).

o Link to Resources: Include links to articles, resources, or eco-friendly products

related to the user’s footprint (e.g., energy-saving tips, plant-based recipes).

o Actionable Buttons: Use buttons like "Learn More" or "Take Action" to guide
users to more in-depth information.

7. Reset Button

 Purpose: Allow users to clear all inputs and start over.

 Features:

o Clear Positioning: The button should be placed clearly below or next to the input
section.

o Confirmation Prompt: Include a confirmation prompt before resetting to avoid

accidental resets.

8. Accessibility Features

 Purpose: Ensure the calculator is usable for people with different needs or disabilities.

 Features:

o Keyboard Navigation: Ensure users can navigate the entire interface using just a
keyboard.

o Screen Reader Compatibility: Add screen reader-friendly text and labels for
visually impaired users.
 o High Contrast Mode: Offer a high contrast theme for users with visual
impairments.

o Adjustable Text Size: Allow users to increase or decrease text size for readability.

9. Mobile Responsiveness

 Purpose: Ensure that the footprint calculator works well on mobile devices.

 Features:

o Responsive Design: The layout should adjust to different screen sizes, ensuring all
elements are accessible on smaller screens.

o Touch-Friendly Inputs: Inputs like sliders and dropdowns should be easy to use on
touchscreens.

o Vertical Scrolling: The design should accommodate vertical scrolling with clear
sections and well-spaced elements.

10. User Account (Optional)

 Purpose: Allow users to save their data, view past results, and track progress over time.

 Features:

o Login/Signup: Options for creating an account or logging in through social media

or email.

o Saved Data: Ability for users to save previous calculations and see how their
footprint has changed over time.

o Progress Tracking: Visual indicators or graphs showing reduction in footprint over

multiple sessions.

4.5 Security Issue:

 Here are key issues with current personal footprint calculators:

Lack of Personalization: Generic data leads to inaccurate results.

 Limited Scope: Often focus only on carbon footprints, ignoring other
impacts.

Accessibility Issues: Not always usable for individuals with

disabilities.

Cultural Irrelevance: Fail to account for cultural lifestyle differences.

Privacy Concerns: Users wary of sharing personal data.

This specification aims to define the core requirements for the Footprint
Calculator, addressing these issues and fulfilling user needs effectively.

 Test cases design:

Steps
Test Case Features Test Case Description Expected Result Status
Id
TC -1 Energy usage Verify that the 1. Enter The system
input field system accepts valid energy accepts the Pending
validation, valid energy usage consumptio value and
calculation logic input in kWh and n (e.g., 50 updates the
calculates the kWh). footprint
footprint correctly 2. Click result
"Calculate." accordingly.
TC -2 Input validation, Check if the system 1. Enter The system Pending
error handling handles invalid "fifty" as displays an
energy inputs, such energy error message
as non-numeric input. indicating
values, by 2. Click invalid input.
displaying an error "Calculate."
message.
TC -3 Travel mode Ensure that the 1. Choose The system Pending
selection, carbon user can select a "Car" as the calculates the
footprint transportation travel mode. carbon
calculation mode and input 2. Enter footprint
distance to distance based on the
calculate the (e.g., 15 selected travel
carbon footprint. miles). mode and
3. Click distance.
"Calculate."
TC -4 Multiple inputs, Test the system's 1. Choose The system Pending
cumulative ability to handle "Car" and sums the
calculation multiple enter 15 carbon
 transportation miles. footprint for
mode inputs in a 2. Choose both
single calculation "Public transportation
and sum the Transport" modes.
footprint correctly. and enter 10
miles.
3. Click
"Calculate."
TC -5 Dietary options, Verify that dietary 1. Select The system Pending
diet footprint options (e.g., "Vegetarian" calculates the
calculation vegetarian, as dietary dietary impact
omnivore) can be choice. based on the
selected and 2. Click selected diet.
calculated "Calculate."
appropriately.
TC -6 Dietary options, Ensure that the 1. Enter The system Pending
diet footprint waste production waste calculates the
calculation input field accepts production footprint
values in pounds in pounds based on
and calculates the (e.g., waste
footprint 5lbs/week). production.
accordingly. 2. Click
"Calculate."
TC -7 Input validation, Check if the system 1. Enter The system Pending
error handling handles invalid "five" shows an error
waste production instead of a message
inputs, such as non- number. indicating
numeric values, by 2. Click invalid input.
displaying an error "Calculate."
message.
TC -8 Visualization Verify that the 1. Enter A visual graph Pending
(charts/graphs) system generates a valid inputs or chart is
generation visual for energy, generated,
representation transportati showing the
(e.g., graph or on, waste, carbon
chart) of the and diet. footprint
calculated 2. Click breakdown.
footprint. "Calculate."
TC -9 Reset Ensure that the 1. Enter data All input fields Pending
functionality "Reset" button in all fields. are cleared
clears all user 2. Click and reset to
inputs and resets "Reset." default values.
the fields to default
values.
TC -10 Personalized Verify that the 1. Enter The system Pending
suggestions system provides valid inputs. generates
based on user personalized 2. Click personalized
data suggestions for "Calculate." suggestions for
reducing the user's reducing the
footprint based on user's
the entered data. footprint.