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Personality and Behaviour Organisational Behaviour

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20 views18 pages

Personality and Behaviour Organisational Behaviour

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warlord94123
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Various Dimensions of Personality

Dr. Kirti Rajhans


What Is Personality?

➢ The study of personality and attitudes gives insights into the


Behaviour Of People.

➢ Personality refers to individual differences in characteristic


patterns of thinking, feeling and behaving.

➢ Personality refers to the way in which-


➢ a person views and understands himself,
➢ and the way in which he interacts with
people and reacts to situations.
What Is Personality?
➢ Defining Personality
➢ Personality is a dynamic concept describing
the growth and development of a person’s whole
psychological system.
➢ The sum of ways in which an individual reacts to and
interacts with others.
➢ Measuring Personality
➢ Managers need to know how to measure
personality.
➢Personality tests are useful in hiring decisions
and help managers forecast who is best for a job.
➢ The most common means of measuring personality
is through self-report surveys.
Personality Determinants
➢ Heredity
– Factors determined at conception: physical stature, facial
attractiveness, gender, temperament, muscle composition
and reflexes, energy level, and bio-rhythms
– This “heredity approach” argues that genes are the source of
personality
– Twin studies: raised apart but very similar personalities
– There is some personality change over long time periods
Personality Traits
Enduring characteristics that describe an individual’s
behavior
– The more consistent the characteristic and the more
frequently it occurs in diverse situations, the more important
the trait.

➢Two dominant frameworks used to describe


personality:
– Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI®)
– Big Five Model
MBTI
The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)
➢ Most widely used instrument in the world.
➢ Participants are classified on four axes to determine one of
16 possible personality types, such as ENTJ.

Sociable and Extroverted Introverted Quiet and


Assertive (E) (I) Shy

Practical and Sensing Intuitive Unconscious


Orderly (S) (N) Processes

Use Reason Thinking Feeling Uses Values


and Logic (T) (F) & Emotions

Want Order Judging Perceiving Flexible and


(J) (P) Spontaneous
& Structure
Summary of MBTI Types
The Types and Their Uses
➢ The tool categorizes the individual into one of the four dichotomies, such as
INTJ. There are 16 possible combinations and each helps the individual to
better understand themselves.

➢ Each of the sixteen possible combinations has a name, for


instance:
– Visionaries (INTJ): original, stubborn, and driven
– Organizers (ESTJ): realistic, logical, analytical, and businesslike
– Conceptualizers (ENTP): entrepreneurial, innovative,
individualistic, and resourceful

– ESFP - Outgoing, friendly, and accepting. Exuberant lovers of


life, people, and material comforts.

– MBTI® is a good tool for self-awareness and counseling.


– Widely used by organizations for selection and training purposes
The Big Five Model of Personality Dimensions

Extroversion • Sociable, gregarious, and assertive

• Good-natured, cooperative, and


Agreeableness trusting

• Responsible, dependable,
persistent, and organized
Conscientiousness
• Calm, self-confident,
secure under stress
Emotional Stability
(positive), versus nervous,
vs. Neuroticism depressed, and insecure
under stress (negative)
Openness to • Curious, imaginative, artistic, and
Experience
sensitive
Strengths and Weakness of the MBTI and
Big Five Model
Model of How Big Five Traits Influence OB Criteria
How Do the Big Five Traits Predict Behavior?
➢ Research has shown this to be a better framework.
➢ Certain traits have been shown to strongly relate to
higher job performance:
– Highly conscientious people develop more job knowledge,
exert greater effort, and have better performance.
– Other Big Five Traits also have implications for work.
• Emotional stability is related to job satisfaction.
• Extroverts tend to be happier in their jobs and have good social
skills.
• Open people are more creative and can be good leaders.
• Agreeable people are good in social settings.
Strengths and Weakness of the MBTI and Big
Five Model

➢ The Dark Triad


– Machiavellianism: the degree to which an individual is
pragmatic, maintains emotional distance, and believes
that ends can justify means.
– Narcissism: the tendency to be arrogant, have a
grandiose sense of self-importance, require excessive
admiration, and have a sense of entitlement.
– Psychopathy: the tendency for a lack of concern for
others and a lack of guilt or remorse when their actions
cause harm.
Strengths and Weakness of the MBTI and Big
Five Model

➢ An emerging framework to study dark side traits:


– First, antisocial people are indifferent and callous
toward others.
– Second, borderline people have low self-esteem and
high uncertainty.
Strengths and Weakness of the MBTI and Big
Five Model

– Third, schizotypal individuals are eccentric and


disorganized.
– Fourth, obsessive compulsive people are
perfectionists and can be stubborn, yet they attend
to details, carry a strong work ethic, and may be
motivated by achievement.
– Fifth, avoidant individuals feel inadequate and hate
criticism.
CSE, Self-Monitoring, and Proactive Personality
➢ Other Personality Traits Relevant to OB
– Core Self-Evaluation: bottom line conclusions individuals
have about their capabilities, competence, and worth as a
person.

– Self-Monitoring: measures an individual’s ability to adjust


his or her behavior to external, situational factors.

– Proactive Personality: people who identify opportunities,


show initiative, take action, and persevere until meaningful
change occurs.
Locus of Control

➢ Internal Locus of Control

➢ External Locus of Control


More Relevant Personality Traits
➢ Type A and Type B Personalities
– Aggressively involved in a chronic, incessant struggle to achieve
more in less time
• Impatient: always moving, walking, and eating rapidly
• Strive to think or do two or more things at once
• Cannot cope with leisure time
• Obsessed with achievement numbers
– Prized in today’s competitive times but quality of the work is low
– Type B people are the complete opposite of Type A’s
– Type B personalities operate at a slower pace, find time for
leisure

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