PAPER ONE

MARKING SCHEME

1. Define pixels as used in monitor (2mks)

A dot on the screen used to display information

2. Give an explanation why computer laboratory should have (2mks)

i. Good ergonomics
To protect the users from strains caused by poor sitting posture
ii. Uninterruptable power supply
To protect computers from power instabilities
3. Highlight two measures that need to be put in place to avoid risks associated with electric shock
(2mks)
Avoid using liquids
Ensure that there are no naked wires
4. a) Explain two functions of network servers (2mks)
Avails resources to the clients
Responds to clients request
Ensures security of the computers

b) i) Define the term crosstalk as used in networking (2mks)

Unwanted coupling between signal paths

ii) Explain briefly how the token ring network functions (2mks)
Adjacent computers are joined to each other to form a complete ring and the communication is
done through a packet called token which is held by a computer that wants to pass a message
5. State four advantages of computerised simulation and modelling (2mks)
It is cheaper to develop and test
It can accommodate many more testing variables than the actual object
It takes less time to develop virtual models than real objects
It is easier remove errors

6. Explain two parts of a task bar (2mks)

Start button
System tray
Task manager
7. Describe TWO elements of Graphical User Interface (2mks)
Window
Pointer
Icons
menu
8. State two types of computer viruses (1mk)
Hoax boot sector Trojan horse

9. Explain two application areas of artificial intelligence (3mks)

Expert systems natural language processing artificial neural networks

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 10. Differentiate between indent and tab as used in word processing: (2mks)
Using the tab key to move a cursor at a set interval, indent is moving line or lines of text away
from the margin
11. a) What is a section break as used in word processing (2mks)
Section breaks are used to create layout or formatting changes in a portion of a document
b) Describe two types of section break. (2mks)
The Next Page command inserts a section break and starts the new section on the next page. This type
of section break is especially useful for starting new chapters in a document

The Continuous command inserts a section break and starts the new section on the same page. A
continuous section break is useful for creating a formatting change, such as a different number of
columns, on a page.

The Even Page or Odd Page command inserts a section break and starts the new section on the next
even-numbered or odd-numbered page. If you want document chapters always to begin on an odd page
or on an even page, use the Odd page or Even page section break option.

12. Susan, the director of an organization, had an important meeting in another country. Instead of going
there, she decided to participate using video conferencing.
a) Explain video conferencing (2mks)
It involves the use of computers, video cameras, audio capturing equipment and high speed
voice and data communication networks to enable two or more people in geographically
different areas virtually see and talk to each other face to face.
b) Give two advantage of using video conferencing (2mks)
The cost of communication via the internet is lower
It saves on travelling costs
It saves on time
13. Samu also wants to buy a printer because he frequently prints photos. He is uncertain whether to get a
laser printer or an impact printer. Which printer should he buy and why? (2mks)
Laser printer. This is because the quality of printout is high when this printer is used and
quality is very important in photos

14. What does CMOS stand for (1mk)

Complementary metal oxide semiconductor

15. Study the following sample advert that was extracted from a newspaper and answer the questions that
follow
Dell optiplex GL380 Desktop
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 Intel Duo Corei3-550 processor
23" TFT
4GB DDR2 RAM
750GB hard drive
Windows 7 Home Premium
Built-in wireless networking
Wireless keyboard and mouse

i. Explain the meaning of each statement in the extract

(3mks)
The computer is a dell model
The processor is an Intel product
Ram holds a maximum of 4 billion characters
ii. Identify three main determinants of the price of the computer
(3mks)
Speed of the processor
Memory capacity
Type of monitor

SECTION B (60 marks)

Answer question 16 and any other three questions from this section.

16. a) The factorial of an integer number is defined as the product of the number from 1 up to and
including the number. Thus three factorial, 3!, is equal to3* 2*1 which is 6. Draw program flowchart
that will allow the user to enter a positive integer, compute and display the factorial of the value
entered. (7mks)

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 b) Write a pseudo code for the above program (6mks)

Pseudo Code:

1. Enter an integer into location N

2. If n less than 0 display error message and go to step 8 Done.
3. Set factorial results Fact to 1.
4. If N is not greater than 1, display Fact and to to step 8 Done.
5. Set Fact equal to Fact * N.
6. Set N equal to N-1.
7. Go to step 4.
8. Done

c) Suppose the user entered integer 5 as the input in the above program. Use the flowchart to dry run
and give the output that will be displayed by the program.(Show your working) (2mks)

5*4*3*2*1=120

17. a) What is the hexadecimal equivalent of 5378 (3mks)

15F

b) Use two’s compliment to solve the following (leave your answer in binary) (2mks)
1210-1710

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 c) State two examples of unguided transmission media (2mks)
Sol. Radiowaves, infrared waves and microwaves

d) Differentiate between job displacement and job replacement with reference to Impact of ICT
on society (2mks)
Disp. – jobs initially done manually are now computerized hence the employees who do not
have the relevant computer skills may be moved to other manual jobs.
Replacement -

e) With the current ICT trends, it is possible to work from home 4mks)
i) State two advantages of working from home
time and money saving
no supervision

ii) State two disadvantages of working from home

overworking or under working
interference from family members (any other good point)

f) Convert 5.12510 to its binary equivalent. (2mks)

18. (a.)Explain the following terms in reference to the network (4mks)

(i.) Multiplexing and Demultiplexing
Multiplexing – sending multiple data signal over the same medium
Demultiplexing – process of separating multiplexed signals at the receiving end.

(ii) Simplex and half duplex transmission

Simplex – communication in one direction
Half duplex – communication in both directions one at a time.

(b.) Explain three types of physical network topologies (6mks)

Star topology -
Bus topology -
Mesh topology
Hierarchical topology

(c.) Explain three demerits of social media such as facebook in modern society (3mks)
Family conflicts
Socialization in facebook leads to people becoming antisocial
Anti social behaviour

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 (d.) Define telecommuting (2mks)
This is the working from home

19. a) List three ways in which data integrity can be compromised. (3mks)
- data rendundancy
- piracy

b) Distinguish between spyware and antispyware. (2mks)

spyware – program used to check the system

c) Describe biometric security. (2mks)

This is the use of human features that are unique. i.e. eyes, fingerprints

d) Describe five types of Read Only Memory. (5mks)

- Mask ROM
-PROM
-EPROM
-EEPROM

e) Highlight the indications of a computer infected by a virus. (3mks)

- Hanging
- Re-starting by itself
- indicating full memory status

20. a) On her first day at work as a school librarian, Sera notices that book records are kept manually
using a card system. She suggests to the Principal that they use a database. State three reasons why
using a database would be helpful to the librarians (3mks)
Unnecessary duplication
Time wastage
Poor update of records
b) Give four examples of DBMS programs which could be used. (2mks)
Lotus approach, Ms access, ms SQL server, Oracle, DbaseIV
c) The manager of Pacific Company Ltd uses a database to keep records of his employees as shown in
the table below. Use this information to answer the questions that follow.

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 i. Name and explain the appropriate data type for
ID: text (1mk)

Age: number (1mk)

Salary currency (1mk)

ii. Write a query to display details of employees working in the Administration department
(3mks)
Select * from table where department=”administration”
d) The function =AVERAGE (B2:B8) in cell B9 has been copied and pasted to cells C9 to K9 in
spreadsheet.
i. What would be the formula at cell D9 (2mks)

ii. Explain the type of cell referencing used in the above formula (2mks)
Relative cell referencing

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