Writing task 1

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Lesson 10: Future tasks

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 Useful structure

Description about the future

1. It is + predicted/forecast/expected/suggested/likely + that + S + will + trend

- In 2024, it is expected that the number of students will increase to 1,500.

2. S + is/are + predicted/forecast/expected/suggested/likely + to verb

- In 2024, the number of students is expected to increase to 1,500.

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 Sample question 1

The graph below shows information about the total oil consumption of four major consumers
from 2009 to 2030.

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 Introduction - Overview

The line chart illustrates the oil usage in four different regions of the world from 2009 to today and
their projections until 2030. Overall, while the consumption of America and Western Europe and
Japan are predicted to decrease, China and the Middle East will have an opposite pattern.

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 Body 1

Looking firstly at the categories with an expected downswing, in 2009, the US ranked 1st at nearly
10 million barrels consumed daily and experienced a plateau for six years. By 2030, it is anticipated
to decline dramatically to a low of just over 4 million. Similarly, the figure for Western Europe and
Japan began 2009 at about 4 million barrels, dropping slightly to approximately 3.8 million six years
later, then it is projected to fall steadily to around 2 million in the final year.

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 Body 2

Turning to China and the Middle East which are anticipated to have an upward trend, both areas
started at roughly 1.9 million barrels per day in 2009. Subsequently, the figure for China rose rapidly
to around 3.8 million in 2015 and is forecasted to remain fairly stable until 2030. Moreover, the
number of barrels consumed in the Middle East grew moderately to over 2 million in 2015 and is
projected to reach about 3.5 million by the end of the period.

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 Full report

The line chart illustrates the oil usage in four different regions of the world from 2009 to today and
their projections until 2030. Overall, while the consumption of America and Western Europe and
Japan are predicted to decrease, China and the Middle East will have an opposite pattern.

Looking firstly at the categories with an expected downswing, in 2009, the US ranked 1st at nearly
10 million barrels consumed daily and experienced a plateau for six years. By 2030, it is anticipated
to decline dramatically to a low of just over 4 million. Similarly, the figure for Western Europe and
Japan began 2009 at about 4 million barrels, dropping slightly to approximately 3.8 million six years
later, then it is projected to fall steadily to around 2 million in the final year.

Turning to China and the Middle East which are anticipated to have an upward trend, both areas
started at roughly 1.9 million barrels per day in 2009. Subsequently, the figure for China rose rapidly
to around 3.8 million in 2015 and is forecasted to remain fairly stable until 2030. Moreover, the
number of barrels consumed in the Middle East grew moderately to over 2 million in 2015 and is
projected to reach about 3.5 million by the end of the period. (217 words)

(By Linh Ngo)

The chart below gives information from a report in 2010 about the use of energy in Australia
since 1980 with projections until 2030.

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 Sample 2

The line graph shows five different sources of energy consumption in Australia from 1980 to 2030.
Overall, it is predicted that all categories will witness an upward trend. Moreover, oil will remain as
the major source of energy throughout the period.

The level of oil used in Australia was 35 billion units in 1980, before experiencing a steady growth to
about 45 billion units by 2010. This usage is projected to continue to rise and hit the highest point of
50 billion by 2030.

The next highest sources of energy were exhibited by natural gas and coal, at 20 billion and 16
billion, respectively, in 1980. By 2010, the usage of coal and gas converged at about 25 billion units.
They are both expected to consistently grow and end at roughly 35 billion and 28 billion units,
correspondingly.

The minor energy sources were nuclear and solar energy, which both began at below 5 billion units
in 1980. Subsequently, the figures for nuclear and solar power increased to roughly 8 billion and 6
billion units, in sequence, by 2010. They are expected to reach about 10 billion and 8 billion units,
respectively, by the final year. (195 words)
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 Exercise 1

The graph below shows the proportion of the population aged 65 and over between 1940 and
2040 in three different countries.

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 Sample 2

The line chart depicts the rate of citizens aged 65 and over in three nations from 1940 to today and
their projections until 2040. Overall, all categories increased and this trend is expected to continue
over the given period and this trend is expected to continue, with Japan experiencing the most
dramatic rise among the three nations.

The figure for the American senior citizens was the highest in 1940, at nearly 10%, then rose
moderately to precisely 15% in 1980. After that, it experienced a period of plateau until 2020 and it is
anticipated to increase significantly to around 23% by 2040.

Despite a significant rise from roughly 6% in 1940 to around 14% in 1980, the percentage of
Swedish people aged 65 and over dropped minimally to nearly 13% in the 1990s before recovering
to 18% in 2020. This rate is predicted to continue to grow to just over 25% by the final year.

Regarding Japan, its figure started the period at 5%, before dipping to approximately 3% in 1960,
then remained fairly stable at this level for about 25 years. Subsequently, the figure witnessed a
dramatic surge to around 8% by 2020. By the end of the period, this figure is forecast to reach the
highest point of nearly 27% by 2040, surpassing both America and Sweden. (216 words)

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