Heat Class 7 Extra Questions Science Chapter 4

Heat Class 7 Science Extra Answer:

Questions Very Short Answer Type Yes, she can apply the same method
to keep a glass of cold drink cool
Question 1.
because wool is a thermal insulator,
In a mercury thermometer, the level
and it cannot allow to heat pass
of mercury rises when its bulb comes
through it.
in contact with a hot object. What is
the reason for this rise in the level of Question 5.
mercury? [HOTSl A laboratory thermometer A is kept 7
Answer: cm away on the side of the flame
As the temperature increases, then while a similar thermometer B is
expansion in mercury takes place kept 7 cm above the flame of a candle
which leads to the rise in the level of as shown in figure. Which of the
mercury in thermometer. thermometers A or Swill show a
greater rise in temperature? Give
Question 2.
reason for your answer: [NCERT
Shopkeepers selling ice blocks
Exemplar]
usually cover them with jute sacks.
Explain why. [NCERT Exemplar;
HOTS]
Answer:
As we know that jute sacks is
Answer:
thermal insulators, it helps ice not to
Thermometer B will show a greater
be melt immediately. So,
rise in temperature because heated
shopkeepers used to cover ice blocks
air above the candle rises immediatly
with jute sacks.
and increase the temperature of bulb
Question 3. of thermometer B quite greater than
The radiators in cars are painted A.
black. Explain why. [HOTS]
Question 6.
Answer:
While constructing a house in a
Since, the black bodies are better
coastal area, in which direction
radiators, so due to this reason,
should the windows preferably face
radiators in cars are painted black.
and why?
Question 4. Answer:
To keep her soup warm, Paheli Window should preferably towards
wrapped the container in which it the sea beach so that the sea breeze
was kept with a woollen clothes. Can coming from sea keeps the house cool
she apply the same method to keep a during the day time.
glass of cold drink cool? Give reason
Question 7.
for your Answer: [NCERT Exemplar;
A circular metal loop is heated at
HOTS]
point O as shown in figure. [NCERT Radiation is the mode of transfer of
Exemplar] heat in which medium is not
required.
Question 11.
It is preferred to use two thin
blankets rather than one thick
blanket. Explain the reason. [HOTS]
Answer:
(a) In which direction, would heat In case of two thin blankets, there is
flow in the loop? an air gap which does not allow heat
(b) In which order, the pins at points pass out from the body and it is not
P, Q and R fixed with the help of wax as such as in case of one thick
fall if points O, P, Q and R are blanket.
equidistant from each other?
Answer: Question 12.
Why is it advised not to hold the
(a) Heat will flow in both the
directions from O to P and from O to thermometer by its bulb while
R. reading it?
Answer:
(b) First of all pin at P and R will fall
simultaneously after that pin at Q It is advised not to hold the
thermometer bulb while reading it as
will fall.
the level of mercury increases from
Question 8. the actual reading by our body
The mercury does not fall or rise in a temperature.
clinical thermometer when taken out
Question 13.
of the mouth. Explain why.
Briefly mention one application of
Answer:
Because of the kink present in the kink in the clinical thermometer.
Answer:
thermometer, the mercury does not
fall or rise. The clinical thermometer consists of
kink which prevents the mercury
Question 9. level from falling on its own.
If a pan is removed from the fire,
Question 14.
then why does it cool down?
Answer: Explain how do we find out how hot
When a pan is removed from the fire, an object really is.
Answer:
it loses heat to the surroundings by
radiation and it cools down. By using thermometer, we can
measure the degree of hotness of a
Question 10. body.
Name the mode of transfer of heat in
Question 15.
which medium is not required.
Answer: Is the body temperature of every
person 37°C?
Answer: measurement taken of a body be
No, the body temperature of every accurate.
person is not 37°C. It is an average
Heat Class 7 Science Extra
temperature. It could be slightly
Questions Short Answer Type
higher or slightly lower.
Question 1.
Question 16.
The handle of a pressure cooker is
How can we measure the
covered with the thick plastic.
temperature of other object rather
Explain why.
than human body?
Answer:
Answer:
As we know that plastic is a bad
Temperature of other object is
conductor of heat due to which the
measured with laboratory
heat from the cooker does not flow to
thermometer because clinical
its handle and we can hold it easily.
thermometer is not suitable for
So, this is a reason because of which
higher temperature.
the handle of a pressure cooker is
Question 17. covered with the thick plastic.
How does the heat travel in air?
Question 2.
Answer:
Differentiate between two modes of
Heat travels in air through
transfer of heat, i.e. convection and
convection.
conduction.
Question 18. Answer:
We are advised to use an umbrella Difference between convection and
when you go out in the sun. conduction
Comment.
Conduction Convection
Answer:
We use an umbrella to protect us The mode of
from heat coming from the sun in the transfer of heat
form of radiation. from the hotter The mode of
part material to transfer of heat
Question 19.
its colder part or from the hotter
You may have noticed that a few
from a hot part of a fluid to
sharp jerks are given to clinical
material to a cold its colder parts by
thermometer before using it. Why is
material in the movement of
it done so? [NCERT Exemplar;
contact with it liquid itself. So,
HOTS]
without the this phenomenon
Answer:
movement of is known as
Jerks are given to clinical
material as a convection.
thermometer before using it to settle
down the mercury level below normal whole. So, this
temperature so that the phenomenon is
known as we see a magnified image of the
conduction mercury thread in its tube, then a
position will come. Now, read the
temperature on thermometer tube in
level with the top of the mercury
thread.
In all the liquids
In all the solids, Precautions while Reading the
and gases, heat is
heat is transferred Thermometer
transferred by the
by the process of A clinical thermometer should not be
process of
conduction used for any object other than the
convection
human body. There are some
Question 3. following precautions which are to be
While reading a clinical observed while reading a clinical
thermometer, what precautions thermometer.
should we take?
Answer: 1. Wash the clinical thermometer
Reading a Clinical Thermometer before and after using
preferably with an antiseptic
There are following steps to read the solution.
temperature on a thermometer.
Step I 2. Be ensure that the mercury
Firstly, wash the thermometer with level before using the clinical
an antiseptic solution and if in case, thermometer should be below
the antiseptic solution is not 35°C.
available, then wash it with a clean 3. The clinical thermometer
water. should be read by keeping the
Step II level of mercury along the line
Gently, hold the thermometer tube in of sight.
your hand and give it a jerk in such a
way that the mercury thread in the 4. While reading the clinical
thermometer tube falls below the thermometer, it should never
reading of 35°C. be held by the bulb.
Step III 5. The clinical thermometer
Now, put the bulb of the should be carefully handled.
thermometer under the tongue of the
Question 4.
patient for about one minute. Then
Observe the picture given in figure.
take out the thermometer from
Water is being boiled in a pan of wide
patient’s mouth.
base.
Step IV
In order to read the temperature,
hold the thermometer horizontally in
your hand and rotate it slowly. When
 The clinical thermometer cannot be
used for measuring the temperature
of any object more than 42°C (i.e.
more than the body temperature). If
it kept in the sun or near a flame,
(a) Which position P or T will feel
then this clinical thermometer can be
warmer?
break.
(b) Fill up the boxes P and T to
indicate the mode of flow of heat to Question 7.
the hand. Explain in brief, why we wear dark
Answer: coloured clothes in winter and light
(a) As in the given diagram, position coloured clothes in summer.
P will feel warmer because of heat, Answer:
air rises. We wear dark coloured clothes in
(b) The flow of heat to P is a winter to keep us warm as they
convection process and flow of heat to absorb all the heat radiation coming
T is radiation. from the sun whereas light coloured
clothes reflect most of the heat
Question 5.
radiation coming from the sun that
For setting curd, a small amount of
falls on them and therefore we feel
curd is added to warm milk. The
more comfortable wearing them in
microbes present in the curd help in
the summer.
setting if the temperature of the
mixture remains approximately Question 8.
between 35°C to 40°C. At places Explain the reason for the shiny
where room temperature remains reflectors of room heaters.
much below the range, setting of curd Answer:
becomes difficult. Suggest a way to Since, the shiny surface absorbs very
set curd in such a situation.[NCERT little heat due to which the reflectors
Exemplar; HOTS] reflect all the heat which makes the
Answer: room heaters more effective. So, due
For the setting of curd where to this reason, room heaters have
temperature is below room shiny reflectors.
temperature, the container in which
Question 9.
curd is to be made must be kept in a
Describe the effects of heat.
thermally insulated cover or it can be
Answer:
wrapped with wool or jute sacks so
The effects of heat are
that temperature is maintained for
(i) When an object is heated, then it
the setting of curd.
becomes hotter and may get expand.
Question 6. So, in this heat may change the state
State the limitation of clinical of the body like ice can also get
thermometer. change into the water.
Answer: (ii) Heat sometimes acts as a catalyst
to speed up the chemical reaction. As a fact that warm air is much
(iii) Heat can even kill the bacteria as lighter than the cold air, so being
well. heavier the cold air from air
conditioner moves downwards while
Question 10.
the hot air moves upwards at the
The freezer is located at the top of
lower level and gets cooled and come
the refrigerator. Explain why.
downwards once again. So, due to
Answer:
this convection of heat are set in the
The freezer is located at the top of
air and room gets warmer faster.
the refrigerator. It is because the air
inside and around the compartments Question 13.
of freezer gets cool and move Briefly explain, why do the kites and
downwards and on the other side, the eagles fly without flapping their
lesser cool air moves upward to get wings.
cooled. Answer:
So, as a result of this, convection of As it is a fact that the hot air during
heat are setup in the air and the the day time surrounds the land
tower section of the . refrigerator also gradually and rises up, due to which
gets cooled faster. . a convection air of heat develops. So,
kites and eagles start moving along
Question 11.
this rising current of heat without
Instead of water explain the reason,
flapping the wings to fly high up in
why do the mercury is used in the
the sky.
thermometer?
Answer: Question 14.
Due to following reasons, mercury is In the arrangements A and B as
used in the thermometers instead of shown in figure, pins P and Q are
water fixed to a metal loop and an iron rod
with the help of wax. In which case
1. When the thermometer breaks,
are both the pins likely to fall at
the mercury can be easily
different times? Explain.
collected.
2. Mercury can has more
expansion than the water.
3. Also, mercury do not stick on
the walls of thermometer like
water. Answer:
Question 12. As in the given figures A and B, in
Explain the reason for the general case A P and Q got equal heat, so pin
fitting of air conditioner at higher fix at P and Q in case of a fall
level on the wall of the room. simultaneously.
Answer: But in case of B pin at point P falls
first than after pin at Q will fall as
because heat received at P is greater cup and plates because China clay is
than Q at the same time. a bad conductor of heat which do not
allow the heat to pass through it and
Question 15.
hence keep the tea hot.
At a camp site there are tents of two
shades. One made with black fabric Question 18.
and the other with white fabric. Describe briefly about the direction
Which one will you prefer for resting of the convection current during
on a hot summer afternoon? Give ventilation.
reason for your choice. Would you Answer:
like to prefer the same tent during Since, with the help of ventilators,
winter? [HOTS] warm air being higher get rises up
Answer: and leaves the room. Even the fresh
We will prefer white fabric tent in air enters the room from outside
case of summer because it reflects all through the doors and windows.
the radiations from the sun and
Question 19.
keeps us cool inside the tent.
Explain the reason for wrapping of
But in ease of winter, we should not
ice in gunny bags.
use white fabric tent, we should use
Answer:
black fabric tent as it absorbs all
Since, we know that gunny bags
colours of light from the sun and
consist of number of fine pores which
keeps us warm inside the tent.
are filled with air. As air is a bad
Question 16. conductor of heat, so due to this
Briefly explain the maximum and reason, it does not allow the external
minimum thermometers. heat to move inside and melts the
Answer: ice.
Maximum and minimum
Question 20.
thermometers are the special
Mention any two examples each of
thermometers which automatically
insulators as well as of conductors.
record the maximum and minimum
Answer:
temperature of the day. The
Copper and aluminium are the
maximum and minimum
examples of conductors which allow
temperature of the last day reported
the heat to pass through them. While
in weather reports in TV and
wood and plastic are the examples of
newspapers are measured by the
insulators which do not allow the
maximum and minimum
heat to pass through them.
thermometers.
Question 21.
Question 17.
The clinical thermometer is not used
Explain the reason for serving of tea
to measure high temperature. Why?
in China clay cup and plates.
Answer:
Answer:
Clinical thermometer has the range
Tea is generally served in China clay
35°C to 42°C. If we use it to measure SI unit of
SI unit of heat is
high temperature, it may break and temperature is
joule (J).
mercury present in the clinical kelvin (K).
thermometer is harmful. So, we
Question 2.
cannot use clinical thermometer to
Explain the reason for the following
measure high temperature.
statement, “When heat is applied at
Heat Class 7 Science Extra the bottom of the water vessel, then
Questions Long Answer Type it gets heated more quickly than
Question 1. when it is heated at the top.” [HOTS]
Explain the differences between heat Answer:
and temperature. The particles of water become more
Answer: lighter and rise up in the middle.
The differences between heat and Due to this, the cold particles of
temperature are given as below water which are heavier come down
along the sides of the vessel. So, the
Heat Temperature convection currents of heat are setup
and water becomes hot. The moment,
It is a form of
It is the thermal when the heat is applied at the top,
energy which flows
condition of a body then the water present in the upper
from one body to
that indicates portion becomes hot and these hot
another when
whether or not and water molecules get fixed over the
there is a
in which direction, surface. Since, water is a bad
difference in
heat will flow from conductor of heat, due to which water
temperature
one body to the present at the lower end (or bottom)
between the
other. of the vessel remains.
objects.
Question 3.
It is equal to the It is proportional to
Prove with the help of an experiment
sum of internal average kinetic
that heat radiation can travel
energies of the energy of the
through vacuum.
molecules of a molecules of the
Answer:
body. body.
First of all, take a flat bottom flask
As a conclusion of and fix a rubber stopper having two
As a heat between exchange of heat holes in the mouth of the flask. Shift
two bodies, total between two bodies, a thermometer through one hole and
amount of heat of sum of their a glass tube with stopper through the
two bodies temperatures other hole. Now, with the help of a
remains before and after vacuum pump, remove the air from
unchanged. exchange is not the flask and try to record the
same. temperature from the thermometer.
Put a flask in the bright sunlight and
we will observe that the thermometer
records a rise in temperature. So, on Question 5.
this basis, we can say that this Last Sunday, Pooja on her week off
experiment proves that the heat entered in her kitchen to cook rice for
radiation can travel through vacuum. her family in lunch time. The
moment she put fry pan on the gas
Question 4.
stove and lighted it through the
On last Monday, Pankaj was dealing
matchstick, all of sudden her 5 years
immense cough and cold. Besides
small daughter entered into the
this, he was suffering from a great
kitchen and tends to touch the hot
headache. So, he decided to take a
fry pan. At the same time, Pooja saw
leave on that day so that he could
her and pushed her away from the
take some rest at his home. After one
hot fry pan. In this way, she saved
hour he thought to check his fever
her child.
through a clinical thermometer, so
(a) Explain why do the fry pan are
before using it, he washed it and
provided with the plastic handles?
started shaking it very fastly in his
(b) Mention the values represented
hand, so that the mercury level of
by Pooja here towards her 5 years
thermometer gets reduced. At the
small daughter. [Value Based
same time, his elder brother Vishwas
Question]
scold him and suggested him to
Answer:
shake the thermometer slowly.
(a) As we know that plastic is a bad
(a) State some precautionary
conductor of heat which does not
measures while checking the fever
allow the heat to pass through itself.
through a clinical thermometer.
So, heat from the fry pan does not
(b) Mention the values showed by the
flow to the handle due to which we
elder brother of Pankaj (i.e.
can hold it easily. So that’s why, the
Vishwas). [Value Based Question]
fry pans are provided with the plastic
Answer:
handles.
(a) The following precautionary
(b) The value showed by Pooja here is
measures while checking the fever
a great concern and careness towards
through a clinical thermometer are
her five years old small daughter.
(i) While reading the clinical
thermometer, it should never be held Question 6.
by the bulb. Describe in detail about the
(ii) The clinical thermometer should occurrence of oceanic currents.
be washed properly (before and after Answer:
use). Since, it is a fact that the water
(b) The values showed by the elder present in the ocean (near the
brother of Pankaj, Vishwas, are equator) is heated by the sun to a
concern towards the way of using the very higher temperature than the
clinical thermometer and the water near the poles of the earth. It
importance of money as well. is due to the falling of the sun rays
perpendicularly in the equatorial
region. So, in the equatorial region, (a) friction between the layers of
the ocean water expands and newspaper produces heat
becomes lighter. (b) air trapped between the layers of
newspaper is a bad conductor of heat
While on the other side, the water in
(c) newspaper is a conductor of heat
the polar region remains cold and
(d) newspaper is at a higher
heavy. It leads to the flow of
temperature than the temperature of
convection currents of heat of warm
the surroundings
water from the equator towards the
Answer:
poles.
(b) air trapped between the layers of
Heat of the cold water flow from the newspaper is a bad conductor of heat
poles towards the equator just below
Question 3.
the surface of ocean. So, these types
Heat always flows
of currents are known as oceanic
(a) from a colder object to a hotter
currents.
object
Heat Class 7 Science Extra (b) from a hotter object to a colder
Questions Miscellaneous object
Multiple Choice Questions (c) in both the directions
(d) None of the above
Question 1. Answer:
A marble tile would feel cold as (b) from a hotter object to a colder
compared to a wooden tile on a object
winter morning because the marble
tile Question 4.
(a) is a better conductor of heat than Paheli and Boojho measured their
the wooden tile body temperature. Paheli found her
(b) is polished while wooden tile is to be 98.6°F and Boojho recorded
not polished 37°C. Which of the following
(c) reflects more heat than wooden statements is true?
tile (a) Paheli has a higher body
(d) is a poor conductor of heat than temperature than Boojho.
the wooden tile (b) Paheli has a lower body
Answer: temperature than Boojho.
(a) is a better conductor of heat than (c) Both have normal body
the wooden tile temperature.
(d) Both are suffering from fever.
Question 2. Answer:
A beggar wrapped himself with a few (c) These two temperatures are
layers of newspaper on a cold winter different scales but their actual
night. This helped him to keep values are equal.
himself warm because [NCERT
Exemplar] Question 5.
Boojho has three thermometers as
shown in figure. He wants to Answer:
measure the temperature of his body (a) Thermometer (a) has been put in
and that of boiling water. Which correct way to measure the
thermometer(s) should he choose? temperature.
[NCERT Exemplar]
Question 7.
Figure (a, b, c, d) shows the reading
of four different thermometers.
Indicate which of the reading shows
the normal human body
temperature?
(a) Thermometers (i) and (iii) for
measuring body temperature and (ii)
for measuring the temperature of
boiling water
(b) Thermometer (i) for measuring
temperature of both
(c) Thermometer (ii) for measuring
temperature of both Answer:
(d) Thermometer (iii) for measuring (c) As we know that normal body
temperature of both temperature is 37°C. So, correct
Answer: option is (c). .
(a) Thermometers (i) and (iii) are
Question 8.
clinical thermometer and (ii) is
Figure (a, b, c, d) shows a student
laboratory thermometer.
reading of a doctor’s thermometer.
Question 6. Which of the figure indicates the
Four arrangements to measure correct method of reading
temperature of ice in beaker with temperature? [NCERT Exemplar]
laboratory thermometer are shown in
figure (a, b, c, d). Which one of them
shows the correct arrangement for
accurate measurement of
temperature?
Answer:
(a) In first case, eyes of student are
in level of the thermometer, so it is
correct way to measure temperature
using clinical thermometer.
Fill in the Blanks
Question 1. Question 8.
Temperature is the measure of …….. When we come out in the sun, we feel
of an object. ……..
Answer: Answer:
Fill in the Blanks warm
hotness
Question 9.
Question 2. All hot bodies radiate ……..
The thermometer used to measure Answer:
human body temperature is called heat
…….. thermometer.
Question 10.
Answer:
Wool is a ……. conductor of heat.
clinical
Answer:
Question 3. poor
The normal temperature of human
True/False
body is …….. °C.
Answer: Question 1.
37 Our sense of touch about hotness or
coldness is not always reliable.
Question 4.
Answer:
A …… near the bulb of a clinical
True
thermometer prevents mercury level
from falling of its own. Question 2.
Answer: Normal temperature of human body
kink is 98.6°C.
Answer:
Question 5.
False, it is because the normal
In ……. generally, the heat is
temperature of human body is 37°C.
transferred by the process of
conduction. Question 3.
Answer: In all cases, heat flows from a hotter
solids object to a colder object.
Answer:
Question 6.
True
The water and air are ……
conductors of heat. Question 4.
Answer: Water at higher temperature feels
poor more hot.
Answer:
Question 7.
True
In coastal areas, cold air flows in the
day from sea to land. It is called ……. Question 5.
Answer: Marking on clinical thermometer is
sea breeze from 0°C to 100°C.
Answer: (ii) Requires no
(b) Convection
False, it is because the markings on medium
the clinical thermometer is from
35°C to 100°C. (c) Radiation (iii) Solids

Question 6. (d)
(iv) Metals
Shining thread in thermometer is the Conductors
column of mercury.
(e)Insulators (v) Liquids
Answer:
True Answer:
(a)-(ii). (b)-(v), (c)-(ii), (d)-(iv), (e)-(i)
Question 7.
The materials which allow heat to Question 2.
pass through them easily are called Match the Column I with Column II.
conductors.
Column 1 Column II
Answer:
True (a) Land
(i) Night
Question 8. breeze
Water and air are good conductors of (ii) A device to
heat. (b) Sea
measure the degree of
Answer: breeze
hotness
False, it is because water and air are
the poor conductors of heat. (c) Dark
(iii) Poor absorbers of
coloured
Match the Columns heat
surfaces
Question 1.
(d) Light
Match the Column I with Column II. (iv) Good absorbers of
coloured
heat
Column 1 Column II surfaces

(a) (i) Wood, plastic, Thermometer (v) Day time

Conduction wool, air, water
Answers:
(a)-(i), (b)-(v), (c)-(iv), (d)-(iii), (e)-(ii)