Fabrício Gonçalves Torres (fabrigt@ipt.

br); Felipe Santiago Apolinário; Regis Renato Dias; Tiago Lopes Santos
Instituto de Pesquisas Tecnológicas do Estado de São Paulo S.A. - IPT, Brazil
ABSTRACT
The present work present a calibration method of defibrillator analyzer by means of the integration of voltage square level,
which has an uncertainty lower than the tolerance required by the standards of electromedical.
1. INTRODUCTION 3. ESTIMATION OF UNCERTAINTY
Defibrillator is an electromedical equipment used to rescue patients The table 1 summarizes the distribution assignments made for each
with cardiac arrhythmias, through the application of electric energy on uncertainty component of the measurement model.
the patient's chest, being able to reach levels up to 360 J. Table 1. Components of energy measurement uncertainty
Presently, two types of defibrillators are more common: monophasic Quantity Probability Distribution Function
waveform and biphasic waveform (Figure 1). Uncertainty due to variability Gaussian
Resolution of the defibrillator analyzer Rectangular
Uncertainty due to load resistance Gaussian
Uncertainty due to probe and oscilloscope set
Gaussian
for time interval
Uncertainty due to probe and oscilloscope set for
Gaussian
voltage measurement
Resolution of the probe and oscilloscope set Rectangular
Voltage probe nonlinearity Rectangular

4. RESULTS
The results of the calibration of the defibrillator analyzer are shown
Fig. 1. Biphasic waveform (A) and monophasic waveform (B) in figure 3. For each point of the graph, there was its respective
expanded uncertainty of the measurement represented by means of
2. DESCRIPTION OF THE CALIBRATION SET the vertical bars. The dotted lines of red color represent the
The method adopted for this work consisted in measuring the tolerance of ± 5 % of the measured energy or ± 1 J, whichever was
resistance of the defibrillator analyzer by means of a high accuracy greater, complied with the standards ABNT NBR IEC 60601-2-4: 2005
resistance meter and in the plot of the voltage curve as a function of and ANSI / AAMI DF80: 2003 of cardiac defibrillators.
time by means of a high voltage probe coupled to a digital oscilloscope.
From the plotted curve, the square voltage values were integrated,
according to equation 1.
𝑇𝐹
𝑉𝑡2 ∆𝑇
𝐸𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑔𝑦 𝐽 = 𝑑𝑡 = 𝑉𝑡2 (1)
𝑅 𝑅
𝑇𝑖

Where,
Vt = peak voltage measured by the probe coupled to an scope
R = resistance of the defibrillator analyzer
Ti and TF = initial and final time of the plotted curve
ΔT = quantization interval of the plotted curve Fig. 3. Results of the defibrillator analyzer calibration

For the quantization of the waveform, an oscilloscope function was

5. ANALYSIS OF RESULTS
used to measure the area (integrate). It was developed, through
LabVIEW℗, a system that allowed presenting the results directly in In the figure 3, it can be verified that the proposed calibration
Joule (figure 2). method was adequate, since the uncertainty obtained resulted in a
value 10 times lower than the tolerance for this equipment.
For the higher values, the uncertainty of the standards set is the
most significant portion for the expanded uncertainty.

6. CONCLUSION
This work presented a method of calibration of the energy range of
defibrillator analyzers that could be feasible its application to
calibration laboratories, and that allowed obtaining, in its results, low
enough uncertainties to meet the determinations of electromedical
standards.
This method can be used to calibrate any type of waveform
(monophasic or biphasic, for example), since the developed system is
versatile enough to perform the measurement of the energy for any
Fig. 2. Software developed for energy measurement waveform.