Junior Olympiad in Science and Astronomy

I. SINGLE CORRECT CHOICE QUESTIONS

PHYSICS
1. Two trains, which are moving along different tracks in opposite directions towards
each other, are put on the same track by mistake. Their drivers, on noticing the
mistake, start slowing down the trains when the trains are 300 m apart. Graphs given
below show their velocities as function of time as the trains slow down. The
separation between the trains after both have stopped, is:

(1) 120 m (2) 280 m (3) 60 m (4) 20 m

2. A rocket is projected vertically upward from ground with resultant acceleration of

20 m/s2 in upward direction. After 10s, engine of the rocket is switched off and
rocket falls under gravity. After how much further time the direction of the velocity
changes?
(1) 5 s (2) 10 s (3) 2 s (4) 4 s
3. Two blocks are arranged as shown on a smooth horizontal surface. A force F is
exerted on the small block m. Which of the following statements are true?
F
m M
(1) The normal force exerted by m on M is equal to F
(2) The normal force exerted by m on M is smaller than F
(3) The normal force exerted by m on M is larger than the normal force exerted
by M on m.
(4) The normal force exerted by m on M is smaller than the normal force exerted
by M on m.

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4. Force ‘F’ is applied on block ‘B’ and the system remains at rest. All surfaces are
rough. Which of the following statement is/are correct?

(1) Friction force on C due to B is zero.

(2) Friction on C due to ground is equal to friction force on B due to C.
(3) Friction force on A must be zero.
(4) Friction force on A does not depend upon applied force F.
5. Different locations of a cyclist moving with constant speed on a road of hilly region
are as shown in the figure below. At which of these locations would he feels
heaviest?

(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D

6. A sound wave of frequency 500 Hz covers a distance of 1000 m in 5 second between
the points X and Y. Then the number of waves between X and Y is:
(1) 500 (2) 1000 (3) 2500 (4) 5000
7. The radii of two planets are R and 2R respectively and their densities are d and d/2
respectively. The ratio of acceleration due to gravity at their surfaces respectively is
(1) 1 : 1 (2) 1 : 4 (3) 2 : 1 (4) 4 : 1

CHEMISTRY
8. Some metals can be beaten into thin sheets. This property is called
(1) Ductility (2) Malleability
(3) Solubility (4) Both (1) and (2)

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9. The ability of metals to be drawn into thin wires is called

(1) Ductility (2) Malleability
(3) Solubility (4) Both (1) and (2)
10. Daltons atomic theory was based on law of
(1) Constant proportions (2) chemical combination
(3) Multiple proportion (4) Reciprocal proportion
11. The “mass can neither be created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction “is called
(1) Constant proportions (2) Law of conservation of mass
(3) Multiple proportions (4) Reciprocal proportions
12. Which gas is obtained during the processing of coal?
(1) Carbon dioxide (2) Coal gas
(3) Carbon monoxide (4) Sulphur dioxide
13. Which of the following is a greenhouse gas?
(1) Nitrogen (2) Carbon monoxide
(3) Carbon dioxide (4) Oxygen
14. When we heat water, we find bubbles coming from it, this shows that
(1) water contain air (2) Air contain water
(3) Water itself convert into bubbles (4) Water dissolved minerals

BIOLOGY
15. Study the Venn diagram given below, representing the cell organelles in plant and
animal cells.

Plant cells Animal cells

Chloroplast x Lysosomes

Identify the functions of the cell organelle X.

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(i) It is selectively permeable for solutes but semi-permeable for water

(ii) It protects the cell from injury.
(iii) It is flexible enough to engulf large molecules and food particles.
(1) (i) and (ii) only (2) (ii) and (iii) only
(3) (iii) and (i) only (4) (i), (ii), and (iii) only.
16. Figures of some sclerenchymatous tissues are given below:

The cell wall of these tissues is made up of:

(1) Hemicellulose (2) Cellulose (3) Pectin (4) Lignin
17. Match the columns.
Column-I Column-II

(a) (i) Nerve cell, longest cell

(b) (ii) Ovule of Cycas

Mycoplasma, smallest
(c) (iii)
known cell range

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(d) (iv) Large cells occur in algae.

(v) Acetabularia

(1) a  (iv), b  (iii), c  (v), d  (ii) (2) a  (iii), b  (i), c  (ii), d  (v)
(3) a  (v), b  (i), c  (iv), d  (ii) (4) a  (iv), b  (i), c  (ii), d  (iii)
18. Identify the biogeochemical cycle that does not have losses due to the process of
respiration.
(i) Nitrogen cycle
(ii) Phosphorus cycle
(iii) Sulphur cycle
(1) (i) and (ii) only (2) (ii) and (iii) only
(3) (i) and (iii) only (4) (i), (ii) and (iii)
19. Observe the picture of seaweeds given below.

Seaweed

Seaweeds helps in healthy functioning of thyroid gland as they are rich sources of:
(1) Flourine (2) Iodine (3) Bromine (4) Chlorine

20. Farmers employ crop rotation to:

(1) Increase porosity of soil (2) Increase organic content of soil
(3) Increase the soil fertility (4) All of these

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21. An oil spill covered a larger area of water in an ocean. The marine life in that area is
badly affected. A lot of the marine animals were found dead and were floating on the
surface of the water. Why?
(i) They drank the water that was contaminated by the oil.
(ii) The fish swallowed the oil and were poisoned.
(iii) They breathed in the oil fumes near the water surface and were suffocated.
(1) (i) and (ii) only (2) (ii) and (iii) only
(3) (i) and (iii) only (4) (i), (ii) and (iii)

ASTRONOMY
22. As the name suggests, the Hubble Space Telescope is a telescope in orbit. An
astronomical tool in the sky. It’s also a spacecraft that can be controlled from the
ground.
Identify one false statement about Hubble telescope.
(1) The Hubble Space Telescope has been in space for over 60 years since its
launch.
(2) It has probed the atmospheres of planets around distant stars.
(3) The observatory was designed to be serviced in space, allowing outdated
instruments to be replaced.
(4) It has played a critical part in the discovery that the expansion of the Universe
is accelerating.
23. All of the Jovian planets have moons. Some of these are so large that if they orbited
the Sun, instead of a planet, they would be considered planets themselves. Jupiter has
28 known moons, Saturn has 30, Uranus has 21, and Neptune has 8.
Of the four Galilean moons, which is the closest to Jupiter?
It is also geologically active. There are many active volcanoes on that
moon and one of those is Prometheus.
(1) Callisto (2) Io
(3) Ganymede (4) Europa

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24. Two similarly charged spherical conductors are suspended by non-conducting

threads of length from a horizontal support. If this is taken to a place of zero
gravitational effect, the angle between the threads and the separation between them
are
(1) 0°, 2l (2) 180°, 2l

(3) 120°, l/2 (4) 60°,  

3/2 l

25. Light from the nearest star ‘proxima centauri’ takes 4.24 light years to reach earth.
The stellar parallax of this star is about
(1) 1.30 sec (2) 0.77 sec
(3) 13.8 sec (4) 0.24sec.

II. STATEMENT TYPE QUESTIONS WITH SINGLE CORRECT OPTION

PHYSICS
26. A particle starts moving along a straight line path with a velocity 10 m/s. After 5
seconds, th e distance of the particle from the starting point is 50 m.
Which of the following statement about the nature of motion of the particle are
correct?
(i) The body may be speeding up with constant positive acceleration.
(ii) The body may be moving with constant velocity.
(iii) The body may have constant negative acceleration.
(iv) The motion may be first accelerated and then retarded.
(1) Only (iii) and (iv) (2) Only (ii) and (iii)
(3) Only (ii) and (iv) (4) Only (ii), (iii) and (iv)

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27. Consider the following two situations:

(P) You stand still on a weighing machine.
(Q) You stand on a weighing machine in an elevator that is accelerating upward at
2 m/s2.
(i) in case (P) scale reading gives us the value of your weight
(ii) in case (P) scale is measuring the force of the scale pushing up on your feet
(iii) in case (Q) scale is measuring the force of the scale pushing up on your feet
(iv) In case (Q) reading of scale corresponds to the weight of a person fatter than you.
(1) Only (iii) and (iv) (2) Only (ii) and (iii)
(3) Only (ii) and (iv) (4) (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)

28. A particle of mass m is at rest in a train moving with constant velocity with respect to
ground. Now the particle is accelerated by a constant force F0 acting along the

direction of motion of train for time t0 . A girl in the train and a boy on the ground
measure the work done by this force. Which of the following are incorrect?
(i) Both will measure the same work.
(ii) Boy will measure higher value of work than the girl.
(iii) Girl will measure higher value of work than the boy.
(iv) Data is insufficient for the measurement of work done by the force F0
(1) Only (iii) and (iv) (2) Only (ii) and (iii)
(3) Only (i) and (iii) (4) (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)

29. Which of the following statements are incorrect for wave motion?
(i) Mechanical transverse waves can propagate through all mediums.
(ii) Longitudinal waves can propagate through solids only
(iii) Mechanical transverse waves can propagate through solids only
(iv) Longitudinal waves can propagate through vacuum.
(1) Only (iii) and (iv) (2) Only (ii) and (iii)
(3) Only (i), (ii) and (iv) (4) (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)

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CHEMISTRY
30. Which statement is not correct about the three states of matter?
(1) Molecules of a solid possess least energy whereas those of a gas possess highest
energy
(2) The density of solid is highest whereas that of gases is lowest.
(3) Gases like liquids possess definite volume.
(4) Molecules of a solid possess vibratory motion.
31. Which of these statements is true?
(1) The components of a suspension can be separated by filtration.
(2) The particles of a colloid can pass through a filter paper.
(3) The constituents of a compound can be separated easily.
(4) Both (1) and (2).
32. Which of the following statements is false?
(1) Neutron has the highest mass among the fundamental particles.
(2) The mass of an electron is negligible.
(3) The value of e/m is the highest for a proton.
(4) Charge of a neutron is zero.
33. Identify a true statement on matter.
(1) States of matter are interconvertible.
(2) force of attraction varies from one kind of matter to another.
(3) States of matter can be changed by changing the temperature or pressure.
(4) All of these.

BIOLOGY
34. Statement-I: All cells have same shapes.
Statement-II: The shape of the cell depends upon the function they perform.
(1) Both statements are true.
(2) Both statements are false.
(3) Statement-I is true. Statement-II is false.
(4) Statement-I is false. Statement-II is true.

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35. Identify the wrong statement out of the following.

(1) Bee venom is used to cure certain diseases like gout and arthritis.
(2) Honey is used as a laxative, antiseptic, and sedative.
(3) Bee keeping is a labour intensive process.
(4) Apiculture provides additional income source to the farmers.

36. Statement-I: AIDS is an infectious disease.

Statement-II: Cancer is a non-infectious disease.
(1) Both statements are true.
(2) Both statements are false.
(3) Statement-I is true. Statement-II is false.
(4) Statement-I is false. Statement-II is true.

37. Identify the false statements from the following.

(i) Ribosomes are also called Palade particles and are the protein factories of the
cell.
(ii) Mitochondria contain chlorophyll.
(iii) A semi-permeable membrane does not allow both solute and solvent molecules
to pass through it
(iv) Osmosis is a slow process that does not require energy.
(1) Only (iii) and (iv) (2) Only (ii) and (iii)
(3) Only (i), (ii) and (iv) (4) (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)

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ASTRONOMY
38. Read the sentences below and identify all that is true
(i) The density of Mercury is lesser than the density of the Moon.
(ii) The atmosphere on Venus consists of carbon dioxide (96%) and nitrogen
(3%).
(iii) Mars is never far from the Sun in the sky, and so when it is visible, it appears
in the morning or evening, quite close to the Sun.
(iv) The rotation period (sidereal day) of Mercury is 58.65 days.
(1) Only (ii) and (iv) (2) Only (ii) and (iii)
(3) Only (i), (ii) and (iv) (4) (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)
39. Choose one false statement about space debris.
(1) Space junk, or space debris, is any piece of machinery or debris left by
humans in space.
(2) Using missiles to practice blowing up the satellites can reduce the debris that
is left back in space.
(3) Rockets can release lots of little bits of debris like paint flecks when they
reach space.
(4) Some space junk results from collisions or anti-satellite tests in orbit
40. Read the statements below and identify all that is true
(i) The gravitational force between two objects decreases by a factor of 6 when
the distance between them decreases by a factor of two.
(ii) The gravitational force between two bodies decreases by a factor of 16 if the
distance between them decreased by a factor of four.
(iii) If someone weighs 120 pounds on Earth, they would weigh just about the
same on the moon.
(iv) The circular velocity of the Moon 1,000 m/s.
(1) Only (ii) and (iv) (2) Only (ii) and (iii)
(3) Only (ii) and (iii) (4) (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)

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ANSWERS

1) 4 2) 3 3) 2 4) 2 5) 4

6) 3 7) 1 8) 2 9) 1 10) 2

11) 2 12) 2 13) 1 14) 4 15) 4

16) 4 17) 2 18) 4 19) 2 20) 3

21) 2 22) 1 23) 2 24) 2 25) 2

26) 4 27) 4 28) 3 29) 3 30) 3

31) 4 32) 3 33) 4 34) 4 35) 3

36) 1 37) 2 38) 1 39) 2 40) 4

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