PMMT100 – A Level Mathematics 1

Tutorial Sheet 7
Descriptive Statistics
Mr. M. Chipoka & Dr. J. Musonda
School of Medicine and Health Sciences
University of Lusaka
April 4, 2024

Mark allocations are shown in brackets for time management (1 mark ≈ 1.2 minutes)

1. Consider each of the following variables. For each one, state whether it is quantitative or
qualitative. State whether the quantitative ones are continuous or discrete. State what
type of scale the continuous ones are measured on. State whether the qualitative ones
are nominal or ordinal.

(a) The weight of a baby at birth, given in kilograms. (1)

(b) Answers to the question “What country were you born in?” (1)

(c) For each member of a PMMT100 class, their total number of appearances for class
sessions in a semester. (1)

2. Consider the number of days to maturity of 10 short-term investments below.

74 80 65 85 95 72 76 72 93 94

(a) Compute the mean and standard deviation for the days-to-maturity data. (4)

(b) Make a stem-and-leaf plot for the days-to-maturity data. (3)

(c) Hence, or otherwise, compute the interquartile range of the data. (4)

(d) Are there any outliers in the data? Justify. (3)

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3. The weights, to the nearest kilogram of a sample of 33 female spotted Kangaroos (also
called flyers) living in a certain park in Austrialia is summarized in a stem and leaf plot
below:

Weight (Kg) Totals

3 2 3 7 (3)

4 1 3 3 4 5 5 6 9 (8)

5 1 2 2 3 4 4 5 5 5 7 8 8 9 9 9 (15)

6 2 3 3 (3)

7 1 4 7 (3)

8 4 (1)

Key: 4 | 6 Means 46

(a) Find the median and quartiles of the weight of the female spotted Kangaroos. (3)

(b) An outlier is defined as any value greater than c or any value less that d where:

c = Q3 + 1.5(Q3 − Q1 ), d = Q1 − 1.5(Q3 − Q1 )

Showing your working clearly, identify any outliers for these data. (3)

(c) Draw a box plot box and whisker plot of the data and comment on the skewness of
the distribution. (4)

4. In a study to compare two different methods of teaching reading, a class of thirty children
was divided into two groups at random. Each group was taught reading using one
method. After six months the two groups were given the same test. One pupil in the
first group was ill and missed the test. The scores are given below.

Method 1 80 85 79 81 89 73 50 71 76 87 72 85 86 85

Method 2 79 62 75 68 62 73 76 81 73 61 72 68 75 63 62

(a) Calculate the extreme values and the quartiles for each group. (7)

(b) Hence draw box-and-whisker plots for the two groups using the same scale. (2)

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5. (a) Nina
1. weighed a random
Nina weighed sample
a random of 50
sample of carrots from
50 carrots fromher
hershop
shop and recordedthe
and recorded theweight,
weight,in
grams
in grams to to
thethenearest
nearest gram,
gram, for
foreach
eachcarrot. TheThe
carrot. results are summarised
results below. below:
are summarised

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Weight of carrot Frequency (f) Weight midpoint (x grams)

45–54 5 49.5

55–59 10 57

60–64 22 62

65–74 13 69.5

(You may use ∑ f x2 = 192 102.5)

(i) Find an estimate for the mean weight of these carrots.
(a) Use linear interpolation to estimate the median weight of these carrots.
(2)

(ii) Find an estimate for the standard deviation of the weights of these carrots. (2) (2)
(b) Find an estimate for the mean weight of these carrots.

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6. (a) A doctor recorded the time taken by each patient to recover. The times were (2)
summarised in a grouped data table and represented by a histogram. One of the
classes(c)
in Find an estimate
the table for the standard
was 40–49 deviation of
with frequency 4. the
Onweights of these carrots.
the histogram the height of
the rectangle representing that class was 4.8 cm and the width was 3 cm. The area (2)
2
under the histogram was 72 cm .
A carrot is selected at random from Nina’s shop.
(i) Give a reason to justify the use of a histogram in this case, and write down the
(d) Estimate
underlying the probability
feature(s) that thewith
associated weight of this
each barcarrot is more than 70 grams.
in a histogram. (4)
(2)
(ii) Show that on this histogram each patient was represented by 3.6 cm2 , and find
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the total number of patients in the group. (4)
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Leave
(iii)___________________________________________________________________________
Describe how you would construct a frequency polygon from a histogram. (2)
blank
2. The box plot shows the times, t minutes, it takes a group of office workers to travel to
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(b) The work.
box plot shows the times it takes a group of office workers to travel to work.
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DO NOT
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DO NOT
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WRITE
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WRITE
10 20 30 40 50 60 70
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IN THIS

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Time (minutes)
IN THIS

(i)___________________________________________________________________________
Find the range and interquartile range of the times. (3)
AREAAREA

(a) Find the range of the times.

___________________________________________________________________________
(1)
(ii) Using the quartiles, describe the skewness of these data. (2)
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(b) Find the interquartile range of the times.
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End of Tutorial Sheet (1)
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(c) Using the quartiles, describe the skewness of these data. Give a reason for your
answer. Page 3
2 (2)
*P50715A0224*
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Chetna believes that house prices will be higher if the time to travel to work is shorter.
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