FIXTURES – receptacles attached to a plumbing system other than a trap in which water or
waste may be collected or retained for ultimate discharge into the plumbing system.
COMMON TYPES OF PLUMBING FIXTURES USED IN RESIDENCES
1. Water Closet
2. Kitchen Sink
3. Lavatory
4. Bidet
5. Urinal
6. Bathtub
WATER CLOSET – a plumbing fixture used to receive human excremental and to discharge
it through a waste pipe, using water as a conveying medium. Water closets are classified
according to design, make, flushing mechanism, shape and installation.
A. TYPES OF WATER CLOSET AS TO DESIGN
1. SIPHON WASHDOWN – the least expensive but the noisiest; only small amount of
standing water susceptible to fouling, staining and contamination. It is
mechanically satisfactory and is lower in price. Hence, it is widely used and entirely
acceptable where price is the main consideration.
2. SIPHON JET – the jet being submerged introduces its water underwater so that its
operation is entirely muffled. It has a large amount of standing water to prevent
fouling. It is mechanically efficient but expensive.
3. SIPHON VORTEX – this type of bowl develops its flushing action through the water
entering through diagonal holes around the rim which creates a swirling action
which forms a vortex in the center. It is considered to be the quietest, most
efficient and most sanitary water closet.
4. REVERSE TRAP – the trap way located at the rear of the water closet eliminated
the bulge at the front. The design and appearance of the bowl plus its large water
area and quietness in operation, make it desirable than siphon wash down.
B. TYPES OF WATER CLOSET AS TO MAKE
1. ONE-PIECE WATER CLOSET – the water closet fixture is manufactured with the
bowl and the flush tank molded into a single unit. Usually used in tandem with the
bidet.
2. CLOSED COUPLED WATER CLOSET – a water closet where in the flush tank is
separate but is attached to the toilet bowl. It is a two-piece model.
3. PAIL FLUSH WATER CLOSET – a water closet comprising only of a bowl without a
flush tank. Flushing action is obtained only through water poured from a pail or
bucket. This is used in areas where running water systems are not available.
4. SQUAT BOWL WATER – a water closet that is otherwise known as “Eastern type”
since the user assumes a squatting position rather than a sitting position.
C. TYPES OF WATER CLOSET AS TO FLUSHING MECHANISM
1. FLUSH TANK – holds a supply of water for flushing a fixture such as the water
closet. It has a capacity of 5 to 6 gallons.
2. FLUSH VALVE – valve designed to supply a fixed quantity of water for flushing
purposes. It is activated by direct water pressure without the use of a flush tank.
It is also known as Flushometer or Flushometer valve. The flush valve requires 10
to 20 psi flow pressure.
D. TYPES OF WATER CLOSET AS TO SHAPE
1. ROUND FRONT – intended for installation on a limited space.
2. ELONGATED FRONT – is more comfortable but occupies a larger space.
E. TYPES OF WATER CLOSET AS TO INSTALLATION
1. FREE STANDING (FLOUR MOUNTED)
2. WALL HUNG (WALL MOUNTED)
KITCHEN SINK – a plumbing fixtures usually consisting of a basin with a water supply,
connected with a drain.
A. TYPES OF KITCHEN SINK AS TO DESIGN
1. SINGLE BOWL – SINGLE DRAIN – are types of kitchen sinks that comes with only
one sink that is fitted with the kitchen’s countertop.
2. DOUBLE BOWL – SINGLE DRAIN – are types of kitchen sinks that comes with two
bowls with one drain.
3. DOUBLE BOWL – DOUBLE DRAIN – are types of kitchen sinks that comes with two
bowls with two drains.
4. TRIPLE BOWL – are types of kitchen sinks that comes with three bowls or basins
with at least two or three drains.
5. CORNER SINK – are types of kitchen sinks comes with two bowls or basins that are
set at right angles to each other.
B. TYPES OF KITCHEN SINK AS TO INSTALLATION
1. TOP-MOUNT KITCHEN SINKS – is also known as a self-rimming sink or drop-in sink.
These types of kitchen sinks have a ridge that fits over the kitchen countertop.
They come with a lip or a sink rim that rests on top of the countertop.
2. UNDERMOUNT KITCHEN SINKS – are the types of kitchen sinks that are recessed
below the kitchen’s countertop so that the sink can effectively hang underneath
the countertop.
LAVATORY- a fixture designed for the washing of the hands or face. It is also known as wash
basin.
A. TYPES OF LAVATORIES
1. WALL HUNG LAVATORY
2. PEDESTAL LAVATORY
3. COUNTER TYPE LAVATORY
a. OVER COUNTER
b. UNDER COUNTER
4. ONE – PIECE LAVATORY
B. TYPES OF LAVATORY FAUCET
1. CENTER SET
2. WIDE SPREAD
BIDET – a plumbing fixture used for washing the middle part of the body, especially the
genitals. It is also known as the Sitz Bath.
BATHTUB – a tube for bathing, usually a fixed plumbing installation designed for one
person. It is available in left outlet and right outlet.
URINAL – a sanitary fixture equipped with a water supply and drain for flushing away urine.
