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ALBA Activity-4 (1) (1

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34 views3 pages

ALBA Activity-4 (1) (1

Uploaded by

ALBA, JEA ROSE D.
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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Name: Jea Rose D.

Alba
BSED SCIENCE 3
Activity 4-1
AMINO ACID SEQUENCE AND PROTEIN STRUCTURE AND DENATURATION
Data Table 1: Selected Amino Acid Positions in the Hemoglobin of some vertebrates
Human V K A H G K K V L G A F S D G L A H L D
Chimpanzee V K A H G K K V L G A F S D G L A H L D
Gorilla V K A H G K K V L G A F S D G L A H L D
Baboon V K A H G K K V L G A F S D G L N H L D
Lemur V K A H G K K V L T A F S E G L H H L D
Dog V K A H G K K V L N S F S D G L K N L D
Chicken V R A H G K K V L T S F G D A V K N L D
Frog V L A H G E K V L A A I G E G L K H P E

Data Table 2:
Amino Acid Abb. Human Chimpanze Gorilla Baboon Lemur Do Chicken Frog
e g
Alanine A 3 3 3 2 2 1 2 3
Arginine R 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
Asparagine N 0 0 0 1 0 2 1 0
Aspartic Acid D 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 0
Cysteine C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Glutamic Acid E 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 3
Glutamine Q 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Glycine G 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 3
Histamine H 2 2 2 2 3 1 1 2
Isoleucine I 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
Leucine L 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 3
Lysine K 3 3 3 3 3 4 3 2
Methionine M 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Phenylalanine F 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0
Proline P 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
Serine S 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 0
Threonine T 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0
Tryptophan W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tyrosine Y 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Valine V 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2
Data Table 3:

Organism Number of Similar Amino Acid Number of Different Amino


Position Complete Acid Positions Conservation or
Conservation or Matching Matching Semi-Conserved
Semi-Conserved Areas Areas
Chimpanzee 20/20 0
Mt. Gorilla 20/20 0
Olive Baboon 19/20 1
Human vs. 17/20 3
Lemur
Dog 16/20 4
Chicken 12/20 8
Frog 11/20 9

Questions for discussions:


1. What can you say about the amino acid sequences of different organism?
ANSWER:
Amino acid sequences of different organisms tell us of how one organism differ or relate from the
other. Wherein Chimpanzee and Mt. Gorilla gives off the same or similar amino acid sequences with
humans, indicating that these are closely related species which most likely diverged from one another
fairly recently in the evolutionary. An Olive Baboon on the other hand, could also be considered as
closely related to human; there is only one amino acid difference between the two. While Lemur, Dog,
Chicken, and Frog are the least like humans because of the big difference on their amino acid sequence.
2. Which primate is closely related to humans?
ANSWER:
The primates such as Chimpanzee and Mt. Gorilla are most likely to be considered as closely
related to human being with regards to a particular section of similar amino acid position, wherein it
matches with humans perfectly.
3. Which non-primate is closely related to humans?
ANSWER:
The non-primates that is closely related to humans is the Frog bDog based on the number of
amino acid differences.
4. Discuss the importance of amino acid sequence.
ANSWER:
Amino acid is the building blocks of protein, and the sequence of these amino acid is controlled
by genes. Genes determines what characteristics an organism will have. So, the importance of amino acid
sequence is to give off information to have a better understanding on the protein or peptide, identify it in a
sample and categorize in post-translational modification. By looking for amino acid difference between
species, scientist can infer how closely or distantly related two species are in evolutionary time.
II. PROTEIN STRUCTURE
State which structure (or structures) best relates to the description: primary 1o, secondary 2o, tertiary 3o,
quaternary 4o. You may use more than one.
DESCRIPTION STRUCTURE
Alpha Helix secondary 2o
Sequence of Amino Acid Primary 1o
Found in fibrous protein tertiary 3o
Found in enzymes primary 1o
Maintained by hydrogen bonds secondary 2o
Broken down only by hydrolysis (not denaturing) secondary 2o
Found in silk secondary 2o
Found only in globular proteins tertiary 3o
Broken down by denaturing secondary 2o, tertiary 3o, quaternary 4o
Found in muscle primary 1o, secondary 2o, tertiary 3o
Made of subunits to tertiary structures quaternary 4o

III. HYDROLYSIS AND DENATURATION


State whether description related to denaturation or hydrolysis by writing the correct term on the
second column.

DESCRIPTION Denaturing or Hydrolysis


Losing the shape of the protein Denaturing
Happens when meat or eggs are cooked Denaturing
Loss of solubility Denaturing
Breaking the amide linkage Hydrolysis
Happens when a strong acid is added Denaturing
Loss of biological activity Denaturing
When the chain is cut into individual amino acids Hydrolysis
Breaks hydrogen bonds Denaturing
Unfolds the protein Denaturing
Destroys primary structure Hydrolysis
Breaking of polypeptide chain Denaturing

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