Lesson 3C- Male and Female Reproductive Systems (Grade 5)

Objectives:
In this lesson, you are expected to meet the following learning outcomes.
 Identified the parts of the male and female human reproductive system
 Described the structure and function of the male and female reproductive system.

Content of the Lesson

All plants and animals need to reproduce to keep their kind growing. But how does
it happen in us humans? The organ system of the human body that is responsible for
producing the young or children is called the reproductive system. Reproduction is the
process by which living things make new individuals of the same kind. Humans reproduce
through the human reproductive system, a system or organs working together. Both male
and female reproductive systems are involved in producing new individuals.
As pre-service teachers, it is a must for you to understand how the human
reproductive system works so that you can teach the concept clearly and correctly. Tis
lesson will help you learn the difference between the human male and female reproductive
systems.
This lesson will help you, pre-service teachers, gain an understanding about the
human reproductive system. You can begin this lesson by asking students: What physical
changes have occurred in you as you have gone older? What additional changes will take
place before you become adults? At what point in your development are growth and change
most rapid? How should you take care of your reproductive organs?
The male and female reproductive systems are composed of external and internal organs.
Ask students: What are the functions of the reproductive system in our body?

Do this activity:
Complete a guide about the human reproductive system. Work through a list of
agree and disagree statements. Put a check (√) on the proper blanks.
Statements Agree Disagree
1. The reproductive system is responsible for producing children.
2. The main organ of the reproductive system is the uterus.
3. The testis is the organ that produces sperm cells.
4. Human reproductive system produces egg and sperm that allows
us to reproduce.
5. The human reproductive systems do not produce hormones.
What are the parts and functions of the male and female human reproductive system?
Explore
Draw two columns on a paper and label each as Male or female. Brainstorm on the
sexual and reproductive anatomy of the human beings. Determine if the part mentioned is
a male or female reproductive part. Write the body parts on the appropriate column on the
board.

Explain
Examine the list you wrote on the paper during brainstorming activity. What body
part is missing from your list, but is found in your research activity? For you to better
understand how the parts of the human reproductive system, let’s have a closer look at
this:

Teacher’s Background Information on Human Reproductive System

Male Parts What It Is and What It Does
Testis The main organ of the male reproductive system is the testis.
(also called testicles) A male has two testis or testes. At puberty, the testes produce
sperm cells and the male sex hormones (testosterone and
androgens). Each is made of 500-1,200 feet of tightly-coiled
tubes called seminiferous tubules. Testosterone is
responsible for the development of the male secondary sex
characteristics such as body hair, muscle development, and
deep voice. These traits usually appear during adolescences.
Scrotum It is a muscular sac which is shorter when cold, ad longer
when warm. It holds the testes ad keeps the temperature of
the testes slightly lower than of the rest of the body. The
lower temperature is needed for the production and storage
of sperm.
Cowper’s Gland It is a pair of glands also known as bulbourethral gland that
produces pre-ejaculatory fluid that cleans the urethra to
protect the sperm.
Seminal Vesicle It is a pair of simple tubular glands located within the pelvis
that secrete fluid which partly composes the semen.
Prostate Gland It is muscular gland that is found just in front of the rectum
and below the bladder which produces most of the fluid that
makes up the semen.
Semen Fluids, secreted by Cowper’s glands, prostate glands and
seminal vesicles and the sperm.
Epididymis Coiled tube where sperms undergo maturation ad provide
storage for the sperm.
Vas Deferens The tube that leads upward from each of the testis into the
 lower part of the abdomen. The two vas deferens join at the
urethra which is the passageway for the elimination of urine
and sperm that leave the male’s body.
Sperm Sperm is a male reproductive cell. It fertilizes an egg cell from
the female.

https://www.mydr.com.au/sexual-health/male-reproductive-system
The
Male Reproductive System

http://animalia –life.club/other/female-human-organ-system.html
 The Female Reproductive System
Female Parts What It Is and What It Does
Ovaries Ovaries are the main organs of the female
reproductive system. The ovaries are oval
and are in the lower part of the abdomen.
They produce, allow maturation and
provide storage for egg cells. Ovaries also
produce female sex hormones (estrogen,
progesterone and androgens). Estrogens
are responsible for the development of
female sex characteristics, such as
development of the breasts, broadened
pelvis, and play a large role in the
menstrual cycle.
Egg Cell An egg cell is fertilized by a sperm to
(also known as ovum) produce fertilized egg called zygote. An egg
cell dissolves in the fallopian tube after
about 24 hours if not fertilized.
Vagina or Birth Canal It is 3 to 4 inch passageway or canal inside
the female. This is a place where the sperm
may be deposited by the male. It also
allows passage of shed endometrium
during menstrual period and the baby
during birth. It produces fluid to cleanse
and lubricate itself and help sperm travel.
The vagina opens between the legs where
it is protected by folds of skin known as
vulva.
Cervix Cervix is a short canal that lead to the
uterus. It is the bottom section of the
uterus. It produces fluids to help sperm cell
travel. It also produces mucus plug to keep
germs out during pregnancy.
Uterus The uterus is made up of muscular walls, a
(also called “womb”) lining called endometrium, and a cervix. It
houses and protects embryo/fetus/baby
and allows nutrients and wastes exchange
with placenta during pregnancy. It also
nourishes the embryo before a placenta
grows.
Fallopian tube A fallopian tube is passageway that
(also known as oviduct) conveys the ovum to the uterus. As the
ovum moves along the fallopian tube, the
union of egg cell and sperm cell can
happen.
 Guide Questions:
A. Check your understanding of the lesson by answering the following questions:
1. What concept/s have you learned that improved your understanding of the
reproductive system? Why?
2. While pregnant, a mother smoked cigarettes, drank alcohol and take drugs
without prescription. How will the substances affect the developing fetus?
3. If you were to teach any topic on the reproductive system, how will you go about
it ? You may week in groups and submit output to your Science faculty?
B. Match the parts of the reproductive system to its function.
A. Function Parts
________1. Produces the male sex hormones A. Scrotum
________2. Fluids secreted by the Cowper’s gland. B. Testis
________3. Cells from the male sex organs C. Ovum
________4. Main reproductive organs of the female. D. Semen
________5. Carries the female chromosomes. E. Ovary
________6. Refers to as the womb. F. Uterus
________7. Male organ that becomes shorter when cold. G. Sperm
________8. Passageway of ovum to uterus. H. Prostate gland
________9. Produces the semen. I. Vagina
________10. Short canal in female which leads to uterus J. Cervix
K. Fallopian tube

Let’s Write a Journal

Journal Entry #3C-My Reproductive System! Integrate in your writing what you
learned in this lesson and write your reflection.
Self-Learning Activities:
A. Put a check if the reproductive part belongs to a male or female.

Parts Male Female

Fallopian tube
Cervix
Vas deferens
Testis
Semen
Uterus
Sperm
Cowper’s gland
Vagina
Scrotum
Lesson 3-D – The Human Organ Systems at Work (Grade 6)

Objectives:
In this lesson, you are expected to meet the following learning outcomes.
 Explained how the organs of the different organ systems work together
 Explained how the different organ systems work together.
 Created a chart showing healthful habits that promote proper functioning of the
different organ systems.

Content of the Lesson

The human body organs you have studied actually are not isolated from
other parts. The human body is highly organized. Inside your skin are many organs that
comprise organ systems to perform body functions. Why can you run, swim and
play? Why are you able to interact with your teacher and classmates during your
class? Your body is an incredible machine but may not have parts for replacement.
Let us look into parts that comprise and organ system and how this particular organ
system works. The human organ systems are the skeletal, muscular, integumentary,
digestive, respiratory, circulatory and nervous systems. You already have learned of
the human reproductive system. You will learn more about the different organ
systems in the three activities that follow.

Explore
Activity 1. Muscular, Skeletal and Integumentary Systems
A. Knowing your bones
Problem: What supports your body so you can perform tasks to move about?
Materials: Picture of a human skeletal system, diagram of two long bones of the leg,
scissors, round fastener (No.3), paste, cardboard or long folder.
What to do:
1. Bring a diagram of the skeletal system.
2. Cut the diagram of each of the long bones and paste two separate cut outs on a
cardboard.
 3. Use a round fastener to attach one bone to an end of the other bone. In what ways
can you move the two bones? Record and describe how the bones work in your
science notebook.
4. Identify in which other section of the human skeleton you will find similar
movements as what you have in your two long bone model. Confirm your guess by
examining your own body.
5. Label the parts of the human skeletal system.
6. Answer the following questions:
a. What do you call the part where the two bones meet?
b. Which bones of your body cannot move?
c. What are the other functions of the skeletal system?

B. Parts of the Body that Lifts

Problem: What
parts of the body
enable you to lift
objects?

Materials:
Picture of the
human
muscular
system and mirror
What to do:
1. Look for a partner. Stand erect near a seat. You partner will observe the muscle as
you raise your arms from your sides. Extend your arms in front of you. Fold your
arms towards you. Do this 3 times. What enabled you to do these? What happened to the
muscles of the upper arms as you fold the arm? Can you move your arm if it had no
bones? Now let your partner do the task and you observe. Compare your
observations.
2. Look at the mirror and make a broad, wide grin. Take note which part of the face
moves. Now make a deep frown. Take note of the part of the face that moves . Which
expression requires you to use more muscles?
3. Label the parts Jewelleries human muscular system.

C. The Skin That Protects You

Problem: How does the skin protect you ?
Materials: Table knife, green pipino (cucumber) fruit, plastic wrap, red food dye,
medicine dropper.
What to do:
1. Cut the cucumber fruit lengthwise.
2. Cover one slice with plastic wrap and leave the other half uncovered.
3. Fill a dropper half way with red food dye. Put 5 drops of food dye on each of the
cut side of cucumber.
4. Observe what happens to the food dye and the slices of cucumber and answer the
following.
a. What happened to the open half of the cucumber? To the covered half? Did the
stain change the color of the green peeling?
b. What can you infer as to the role of the peeling or fruit cover of cucumber? The
exposed half? And the plastic wrap?
c. Relate to your skin the observation you gathered from this activity. Identify the
other functions of the skin.

Activity 2: Digestive System at Work

Problem: What happens to food in mouth and in the stomach?
Materials: Piece of biscuit, small transparent plastic cup
 What to do:
1. Work in pairs.
2. Get a piece of biscuit, chew it carefully. Take note of how the teeth, the tongue and
lips enable you to chew food.
3.
Answer the
following
questions:
a. How
are the parts
of the mouth
involved in the
chewing?
b. When
you chew the
biscuit, what
happens to it?
c. Why
do we have to chew food that we eat?
d. From the mouth, where will the food go? Identify the parts of the digestive system
that are involved in the digestion of food.
e. Trace the pathway of the food from the mouth until the digested food is absorbed
and waste products are released using the parts of the digestive system below.

Activity 3: The Respiratory System

 Problem: How does the respiratory system work?
Materials: tape measure, timer, chair, diagram of the respiratory system
What to do:
A. Breathing: What happens to your body when you inhale/exhale?
1. Stand, relax and, observe your breathing.
2. Put a tape measure around your chest and measure the size of your chest when
you inhale and again after you exhale. Record the measurements. Repeat three times a
nd get the average size of your chest when you inhale and exhale. Get the difference
between the two measurements.
a. What happened
your chest when you exhaled? Explain the difference.
b. What other changes have you noticed as you breathe?

B. Breathing rate: How often do you inhale in one minute?

1. Work in pairs. One of you sits on a chair in a relaxed position and find your
rate at
rest.
Your

partner will set the timer for one minute. Breather normally and count the numbers if
times you inhale during one minute. Record data in your notebook.
2. Now change position-bend over with your chest on your knee. Count and record
the times when you inhaled in one minute.
3. Stand up and run in place for one minute. Count and record the number of times
you inhale.
a. How did the differences tasks affect your breathing rate?
b. What other factors could affect your breathing rate?
4. Trace the flow of gases in and out of the body using the human respiratory
system.
 Activity 4: Circulatory System
Problem: How hard and fast does your heart work?
Materials: Small rubber that can fit inside your hand, timer
What to do:
1. With your partner as timer, hold the rubber ball, squeeze and release the
ball many times as many as you can within one minute. Record the
number. Now, in one minute, squeeze and release the ball 70 times. Hoe
do the numbers compare?
2. Without stopping, continue to squeeze the ball at 70 times per minute.
How long can you do it?
3. Now take turn with your partner and be the timer and recorder, Do you
have the same speed?
4. The heart normally beats about 70 minutes per minute.
a. What can you infer about the role of the heart in your life?
b. Does the heart beat at the same rate all the time?
c. What may affect the rate of your heart beat?

Activity 5: How do you react to stimuli?

Problems:
a. What happens when someone taps your knee?
b. What enables you to walk straight?
Materials: Chair, book
What to do:
1. Work in pairs. Sit on a chair cross legged. Ask your partner to tap your top leg
below the knee cap. Observe you reaction and record.
2. Repeat tapping the knee but control that the top leg will not move.
 3. Take note of the responses you have on both instances. Relate this response to
your reaction when you touch accidentally a hot object or when something heavy hit your
toes. What do we call these responses? What enabled you to respond?
4. Get a book about three inches thick. Stand at the isle and put the book on top of
your head. Walk straight to cover two meters. How were you able to walk that
distances without the book falling from your head?
5. Add two more books. Can you still walk straight? How do your bones, muscles,
brain and nerves work together to enable you to perform the tasks?

Explain
The human organ system is complex. You have learned that the human body is made
of trillions of cells, with different sizes, shapes and functions. A group of cells with similar
structure and function form tissues. Tissues comprise organs, and several organs comprise
the organ systems. From the activities, you learned a bit of these organ systems. Let us
discuss further the major organ systems that enable us to live and perform many tasks.
(Excretory, endocrine and lymphatic systems are learned by pupils in junior high school,
hence will not be discussed in this lesson.

Integumentary System
The integumentary system includes the skin, hair and nails. The outside of the
human body is covered by skin. The skin may feel smooth and its outermost layer is
continually removed when we take a bath or when we scrub it. What you remove are dead
cells. The skin is our first layer of defence from dirt and germs. It also prevents leakage of
body fluids such as blood unless you get wounded. The skin prevents our internal organs
from being exposed. It is also our sense of touch. The skin prevents our internal organs
from being exposed. It is also our sense of touch. The skin keeps the body temperature the
same by releasing sweat through the pores. The hair and nails are made up of dead cells
but the growing area of the hair is the living root in the skin. The small white crescent at
the base of your nail makes your nail grow. Nails are cut regularly without hurting us. The
skin diseases include acne, athlete’s foot and scabies due to germs. It could become itchy
when you are exposed to substances that you are allergic to. Skin cancer is associated with
too much exposure to sunlight. Burns and bruises are painful skin injuries. Regular bath
and healthy diet make our skin clean and healthy. Using sunscreen where exposed to
strong sunlight protects your skin. Take note of sores, lumps, moles and warts that are not
normally on your skin and visit your doctor. New technology to repair severely damaged
skin as in burns through test-tube skin is now available.
 The Skeletal
System
The skeletal system
consists of bones, joints
and connective
tissues. The skeleton
provides the basic shape
of the human body
and supports the
different internal
organs like the brain
which is protected by
the skull. It also works
with muscles to
enable us to stand, walk
and, do other
manual tasks. Some
bones enclosed the marrow, the blood forming tissues. Calcium and phosphorus are stored
in bones to keep them strong. There are 206 bones in the human body. They differ in size,
shape and length. The connective tissues, mainly cartilage are found in the tip of the nose,
outer ears and between vertebrates of the spinal column. Cartilage cushions the area where
two or more bones usually meet. There are joints that do not allow movement such as
those in the skull and pelvis. There are joints that allow full movement of bones which are
found in your knees, wrists, ankles and shoulders. The bones are held together by a tough
tissue called ligaments.
How do we take care of our skeletal system? Bones are supposed to last a lifetime but
sometimes they are injured like when fall or slide, causing our bones fractured or sprain of
ligaments and tendons. How does bone heal? Arthritis and osteoporosis are diseases that
affect our skeletal system among elderly.

The Muscular System

The muscular system enables us to move our body parts to perform various tasks.
Moving our legs, arms, neck, and head requires working with our bones. The heart beats
because of the muscle in it. Muscles vary in length, shape, size and thickness. Muscles and
bones are attached to each other by tendons. Muscles help food move through our digestive
tract, flow of blood through blood vessels and breathing. These are due to muscles that are
not under conscious control. For us to use our arms, our skeletal muscles contract to move
a bine and when the muscle relaxes, the bones returns to its original position and the
muscles to their shape and form. Some muscle disorders may be due to action of nerves like
in muscle spasms and progressive weakening and frequent tiring of muscles. Regular
exercises, healthy diet rich in minerals and proteins, avoiding overstressing of muscles will
help us make our muscles healthy.

The Digestive System

The food that our body needs must be broken down before it can be used by our
cells. The digestive organs shown in the diagram earlier will help you learn how food is
digested. For example, a biscuit which is a carbohydrate that you eat has to be chewed
(mechanical digestion) in the mouth. The teeth and tongue are involved. The biscuit is
moistened by our saliva that contains substance to start chemical digestion. The tongue
pushes the broken bits of the biscuit to the back of the mouth and is swallowed. The food
goes down the digestive tract esophagus, stomach and small intestine. Further breakdown
of the biscuit occurs in the stomach, chemical digestion continues and ends in the small
intestine where the nutrients are absorbed. Foods that are not broken down in the small
intestine move to the large intestine and after a while are released as solid wastes. The
liver, gall bladder and pancreas also are involved in digestion but are not part of the
digestive tract. Bile from the liver breaks down fat particles in the small intestine. Digestive
enzymes are produced by the stomach, pancreas, and small intestines to complete
digestion not only of carbohydrates but also fats and proteins that we eat. Our digestive
system may be infected by germs that cause diarrhea, vomiting and cholera. We must clean
and cook properly the food that we take. Washing hands with soap and water before and
after eating must be a habit. The water that we drink must be free of germs and parasites.
Do not eat spoiled foods. Drink plenty of water.
 The Circulatory
System
The major parts of the circulatory system are the heart, blood and blood vessels. The
heart us the most active part of the body. It is as big as your own clenched fist. The heart is
a pumping organ. It has four chambers, left ventricle, left auricle, right ventricle and right
auricle. The ventricles pump blood out of the heart while the auricles receive blood coming
from the lungs. Valves prevent the backward flow of bold in the heart, allowing movement
in one direction.
Have you ever had a CBC or complete blood count? This is a routine test to
determine the composition of your blood cells when you are suspected to have infection,
like dengue. The main components of the blood are (a) plasma (liquid-90% water, proteins
such as albumin, clotting factors, antibodies, dissolved nutrient and electrolytes) and (b)
formed elements which are the white blood cells, are blood cells and platelets. White blood
cells help the body fight diseases. Red blood cells are most numerous in our body and they
are involved in transport of gases and wastes. Platelets are involved in blood clots to stop
blood flow in case of wounds.
The blood vessels are the arteries, capillaries and veins. Arteries carry blood away
from the heart and you can feel the pressure of blood flowing in pulse points like your
wrists. The major artery from the heart branches to smaller ones until they reach the
different body organs. These very narrow arteries connect to the capillaries found in
different organs where the exchange of gases and nutrients occur. From the organs, very
small veins merge to become veins where blood flow to the heart.
There are two pathways or circuit where blood flow in the vessels- pulmonary and
systematic circulation. Pulmonary circulation involves the heart and the lungs. The
capillaries of the lungs remove the carbon dioxide from the circulating blood and takes in
oxygen. The pulmonary veins carries oxygenated blood to the heart. The pulmonary artery
in the heart transports blood to the blood to the lungs. Systematic circulation supplies
nutrients and oxygen to all body tissues at the same time collects waste materials for
discharge. Exchange of materials occurs in the capillaries of body tissues.
One of the blood diseases is anemia, where too little oxygen flows resulting in
weakness. Leukemia (cancer of the blood), results from the release of immature cells by the
bone marrow. Cardiovascular diseases include hypertension and atherosclerosis which are
prevalent among the elderly. There is a relationship of cardio-respiratory high risk factors
such as smoking, obesity, poor diet, lack of physical exercise, stressful activities, drinking
alcoholic to poor health. Habits that lead to healthy body systems are regular exercise,
eating diet, no prohibited drugs and
smoking. Having regular
medical and dental
check-up is also necessary.

The Nervous System

Every day we do different tasks from the time we wake up until we sleep. Our ability
to do things is coordinated functions of the different organ system that are controlled and
monitored by the nervous system. The central and peripheral nervous system comprise the
human nervous system. The central nervous system includes the brain and spinal cord. The
brain is protected by the skull. The brain is the control center of the vital activities for
survival includes emotions, learning, abilities and talents. The brain is divided into three
parts: the cerebrum, cerebellum and brainstem. The cerebrum is the largest part and has
the brain centers that control thought processes, speech, motor, touch, pressure, smell,
hearing, vision, facial recognition. Generally, the right half of the cerebrum controls the left
side of the body while the left side controls the right side of the body. The second largest
part of the brain, the cerebellum controls muscle coordination, balance and normal body
posture. When mountain climbing, the cerebellum receives signals that is transmits to the
cerebrum and direct movements of the arms, hands, legs and other parts of the body. The
brainstem connects the brain to the spinal cord. It has several parts: the midbrain, pons
and medulla oblongata. The midbrain contains relay stations of neurons and reflex centers
for involuntary actions. The hypothalamus in the midbrain maintains internal balance such
as water and blood pressure. The pons connects the two halves of the cerebellum and links
the cerebral cortex to the medulla. Functions like heartbeat, breathing, and sneezing are
regulated by the medulla. The spinal cord inside your bony vertebral column connects the
brain to all parts of the body via different nerves. When the sensory nerves from the skin
for example, receive a signal from outside when you dip fingers in cold water, the impulse
is transmitted to the spinal cord to the brain for processing and interpretation. The
message travels from the brain center to the hand that will respond. The nerve carries an
electrical; signal like a telephone cable. The peripheral nervous system includes the
network of nerves throughout the body. These includes the sensory neurons from the
sense organs and the motor neurons in muscles or glands for action, or response.
The nerve system may be affected by germs as in the case of meningitis, an acute
inflammation of the meninges of the covering of the membranes of the brain and spinal
cord. It could result in loss of hearing, vision and changes in the child’s thinking and doing
tasks. Poliomyelitis due to viral infections affecting the spinal cord may result in paralysis.
A nerve may be inflamed due to injury. Migraine, a severe headache is common when a
person is under stress or with hormonal imbalance during menstrual cycle period among
woman. Epilepsy brings about seizures when one cannot control the muscles. Among the
elderly, Alzheimer’s disease brings about progressive loss of memory and intellectual
disabilities. Head injuries from accidents can cause fracture of the skull, concussion and
bleeding. Tumours may also originate in the brain bringing disturbances in various
functions. Wearing seatbelt when in motor vehicles reduces risk of injury to the body in
case of accidents. Wearing helmets for motorbike riders must be followed, especially
in national roads. Avoiding prohibited drugs, tobacco, alcoholic drinks and stress,
washing hands properly, and having vaccinations for poliomyelitis and eating
balanced diet make us healthy.

Guide Questions:
A. Answer the following questions:
1. Why does it take you longer time read and understand what you are
reading than when you remove your fingers from hot objects?
2. What is the relationship of balance diet, exercise and disease?
3. Trace the pathway of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the human body.
4. How do muscles and bones work together to effect movement of the arms?
5. Almost all people are careful of the condition of their skin. Why should you
be concerned of the health of your skin?

A. Match the body system with its function.

Function Body System
1. Transports nutrients body organs A. Respiratory
2. Protects the body from injury and germs. B. Circulatory
3. Breaks down food and absorbs nutrients. C. Nervous
4. Enables us know our environment and D. Integumentary
responds. E. Muscular
5. Provides the framework of our body F. Skeletal
G. Digestive

B. Using Important Terms in Body System

Find the words from this box to identify the description given in
items 6-10. Write the word on the space provided:
a. joints b. veins c. cerebrum
d. smooth muscles e. alveoli f. liver
g. neuron h. white blood cells i. platelets
j. enzymes k. spinal cord l. tongue
m. skeletal muscles

6. Carries blood from the body organs to the lungs._________________

7. Increases in number when there is infection.______________________
8. Receives stimuli and conducts responses._________________________
9. Involves in direct gas exchange.____________________________________
10. Enables the bine to move with the muscles._____________________
 Let’s Write a Journal

Journal Entry #3D- How My Organ System Works! Your entry should contain
your understanding and reflection on the given concepts.

Self-Learning Activities:
A. 1. Make an activity for kids on how much water one child should take in
one day in relation to good health and well-being.
2. List the key concepts learned in the different body systems.

B. Choose the correct answer.

1. Which of the following pairs of senses are most similar?
a. sight and smell b. hearing and sight
c. smell and taste d. hearing and touch
2. Which part of the eye is NOT directly involved in seeing?
a. cornea b. eyelid
c. retina d. pupil
3. To taste food, which one should occur?
a. cut the food into pieces
b. put water into the small pieces of food
c. dissolve food inside the mouth
d. dry the food pieces
4. Which of the skin receptors enable us to know the texture (smooth
or rough) of materials?
a. pain b. hot
c. touch d. pressure
 5. What stimuli are NOT detected by the eyes?
a. color b. stuffy clothes
c. light d. painted cars
6. Which of the following is a voluntary muscles?
a. cardiac muscle b. skeletal muscle
c. muscle of the stomach d. muscle of the blood vessel
7. Which of the following are needed for strong and healthy bones?
a. milk b. yellow vegetables
c. orange juice d. carbonated drinks
8. Arteriosclerosis, the accumulation of fatty materials in the walls of
the artery if the brain can result.
a. stroke b. low blood pressure
c. anemia d. gout
9. The blood is cleaned of wastes materials in the
a. gall bladder b. kidney
c. liver d. small intestine
10. What type of bones is found in your arms and legs?
a. short bones b. irregular bones
c. long bones d. flat bones
11. What supports the internal body systems?
a. muscles b. exoskeleton
c. endoskeleton d. appendicular skeleton
12. A diet rich in calcium and supplemented by Vitamin D helps
prevent.
a. gout b. blindness
c. osteoporosis d. arthritis
13. After running or a basketball game an athlete feels tired. This
could be due to
a. lots of lactic acid in the muscle
b. overstretching of muscles
 c. injury in the joints
d. muscle spasms
14. Which will you experiences when small blood vessels break in
your skin?
a. burns b. bruises
c. blistering d. sores
15. Salivary glands in mouth produce enzymes that digest.
a. fats b. proteins
c. oils d. starch
16. From the stomach, partially digested food goes to the
a. large intestine b. small intestine
c. pancreas d. rectum
17. The following events occur during respiration EXCEPT
a. taking in gases b. releases carbon dioxide
c. production of energy d. removal of solid waste
18. Circulation of blood involves the following EXCEPT
a. heart b. blood vessels
c. blood cells d. anemia
19. Which components if the blood indicates viral infection in the
body when found to be above normal in a complete blood count?
a. red blood cells b. white blood cells
c. plasma d. platelets
20. Which is NOT part of the central nervous system?
a. brain b. nerves
c. spinal cord d. brain stem