Language of Research, Campaigns and Advocacies

RESEARCH – is an imperative area in not just the field of education, but in other fields as well.
- it primarily focuses upon improving quality and is a research for knowledge (Kapur, 2018)
- It shows how to make provisions of solutions to a problem in a scientific and methodical manner.

Learning the language of research can help you understand research answers to important
problems. It can also help you read academic texts (and tests) more easily.

The Research Process. Research starts with a question or a problem. Researchers first find out what
others have already learned about the subject.
If the question has not been fully answered, they figure out a way to get more information. They
may do further observations or perform an experiment to test their idea.
Next, they analyze the data (information) they have collected. Then they publish their procedures,
data, and conclusions. This allows other scientists to repeat the experiments and double-check the
conclusions.
Example, the “COVID-19 injectables” (best proof) of clinical research is a double-blind trial. That is
an experiment with two (or more) groups of people in which only one group receives the drug or
treatment being tested. The other group gets a placebo. (A placebo is a “sugar pill” or other treatment
that looks and feels like the experimental treatment but has no active ingredients. Any effect it has are
psychological—because the participants expect it to work.)
A “double-blind” experiment gets its name because both the researchers and the participants are
“blind” during the test. Nobody knows until the experiment has finished which group got the treatment
and which group got an inactive placebo. That helps prevent people's expectations from distorting
(twisting or changing) the results.
The treatment being tested should give significantly better results than the placebo. If not, any
apparent difference it makes may be due to people’s hopes and expectations. So, a double-blind trial is
a way to check the effectiveness of a treatment.
You will be encountering these words in a research, like design, data, significance,
evidence,treatment, experiment, conclusions, observations and statistics.

Terms Definition
Design – it is to plan (or a plan of) how something will be made or done.
Data – these are collected facts or information.
Significance - these are important data and meaningful findings in a research.
Evidence - observations or information that can help solve a crime or show whether something
is true or false.
Treatment - it is the course of action designed for research
Experiment - it is a test to see what happens when all factors (variables) but one is controlled.
Conclusion - it is a summary of what has been learned or shown at the end of a study.
Observation - it is looking carefully at something
Statistics - it is the organization and study of numerical data.

There are several reasons research results can be misleading. There may be flaws in the research
design. Researchers may make mistakes during the experiment or when analyzing the data. They may
even be biased: wanting certain results so much that they influence the results.
Sometimes groups that might profit from the results pay for the research but only report it if
they get the results they want.

Campaign – this can be a single ad or a series of ads.

-it has ads that revolve around a single idea.
-it provides a framework in which processes of advocacy that can be easily developed and
enclosed.
-it has varying purposes, they are created using similar structures, as well as through the use
of persuasive language in order to convince audiences to perform a certain function.

5 Dimensions of a Campaign
1. Awareness Raising – this is intended to make the problem to be addressed known by the general
public.
Example:
2. Research – another dimension that is based on research, since it provides the necessary knowledge
to take action.
- many stakeholders are involved here for the complexity of the topics.

Example: Experimenting to come up with a vaccine to cure COVID 19.

3. Social Mobilization – these are used by grassroots-based social movements, but also as a tool for
the elite and the state itself.
- involves a lot of different groups like, civic organizations, religions, and actions of
members of institutions like, mass meetings, processions, and demonstrations.

Example: EDSA revolution, Human Rights rally

4. Training – it is the process focused on a clear and specific target.

- it further develops the contents, but also the scope and the vision.
- it runs in a mid-term and long-term scenario to get in-depth into the topic.
- it completes the information-understanding cycle.

Example: Training police for proper actions on crime, training for teachers to update them on teaching
strategies, trainings for nurses for new practices in caring for patients.

5. Lobbying – it is an act to influence decisions made by officials in the government.

- it is very effective since it points directly to the legislator and regulatory agencies.

Example: POLITICS OF COALITION-BUILDING FOR DEMOCRATIC

REFORM: A PHILIPPINE EXPERIENCE

ADVOCACY – it is an action for a cause or purpose such as a media campaign of an non-government

organization or NGO that works for human rights to find shareholders and partners to sustain its
activity.

Advocacy and Campaign are sometimes seen as synonymous terms, both are terms for all
forms of influencing or convincing others.
Example of Advocacy: SELF-ADVOCACY

SELF – ADVOCACY
• To speak up and ask for what you need.
• Self-advocacy helps you take charge of your
life and be more independent

ACCOMMODATIONS
• Changes that can be made that will help you
succeed or reach your goals

STEPS IN REQUESTING FOR ACCOMMODATIONS

• F – face the person in-charge
• E – maintain eye-contact
• S – state the accommodation and the reason
• T – thank the person
• A – accommodation is used