SYLLABUS-I Semester,B.A.

Geography,
Physical Basis of Geography
Unit I
An introduction of geography, classification of geography, the nature and
scope of Physical
Geography. Interrelation of Physical Geography with other branches of earth
sciences. Origion of the
earth : important theories-Nebular, Tidal, planetesimal, Supernova,
Ottoschmid, Rocks: origin and
classification;
Unit II
Interior of the earth; Wegner’s theory of Continental Drift; Plate Tectonics.
Earth movements- Faults
and folds, origin of mountains and their types, origin of mountains and their
types, plateaus and plains.
Unit III
Isostasy, earthquakes and volcanoes. Rock-types, origin and composition of
rocks; Gradational
processes: Denudation, weathering and erosion; formation of regolith and
soils. Geomorphic agents
and processes: mass wasting. Evolution of landforms, concept of cycles of
erosion, views of Davis and
Penck, interruptions of cycles of erosion
Unit IV
Theories of origin of ocean basin (Tetrahedral); Physical properties of sea
water: temperature and
salinity; Ocean currents; Tides and Coral reefs, types and theories of origin
of corals.
Unit-V
Fluvial, Arid, Glacial, Karst and Coastal landforms. Application of
Geomorphology to human
activities: settlements, transports, land use, mining, environmental hazards
and resource evaluation.
Books Recommended
1. Barry, R. G. and Chorley, R. J. (1998): Atmosphere, Weather and Climate. Routledge, London.
2. Bryant, H. Richard (2001): Physical Geography Made Simple, Rupa and Company. New Delhi
3. Bunnett, R.B. (2003): Physical Geography in Diagrams, Fourth GCSE edition, Pearson Education (Singapore)
Private Ltd.
4. Garrison, T. (1998): Oceanography, Wordsworth Company., Belmont.
5. Lake, P. (1979): Physical Geography (English and Hindi editions), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
6. Leong Goh Cheng (2003): Certificate Physical and Human Geography, Oxford University Press, New Delhi.
7. Monkhouse, F.J. (1979): Physical Geography. Methuen, London
8. Singh, S. (2003): Physical Geography. (English and Hindi editions.). Prayag Pustak Bhawan, Allahabad;
9. Trewartha, G.T., Robinson, A.H., Hammond, E.H., and Horn, A.T. (1976/1990): Fundamentals of Physical
Geography, 3rd edition. MacGraw-Hill, New York.
10. Singh, M.B. (2001): Bhoutik Bhugol, Tara Book Agency, Varanasi
11. Strahler, A.N. and Stahler, A.M. (1992): Modern Physical Geography. John Wiley and Sons, New York.
12. Wooldridge, S.W. and Morgan, R.S. (1939): The Physical Basis of Geography- An Outline of
Geomorphology. Longman, London. Recent edition and Reprint.
 SYLLABUS-II Semester, B.A. Geography,
Human Geography
Unit I
Meaning, nature and scope of human geography; Concepts of human
geography; Man-environment
relationships: determinism, possibilism and probabilism, and
environmentalism.
Unit II
Evolution of man; Classification of races; Characteristics of races and their
broad distribution; Human
adaptation to environment: Eskimo, Masai and Bushman; Primitive people of
India: Tharu, Naga and Bhil.
Unit III
Growth of population; Distribution of population; - world distribution pattern
Physical, economic and
social factors influencing spatial distribution. Major human agglomerations;
concepts of over - underand
optimum population; Population theories, world population problems and
policies,
Unit IV
Types of Migration; demographic attributes; Causes and consequences of
migration; Rural settlements:
characteristics, types and regional pattern; India and rest of world contest;
Environmental issues in
rural settlements.
Unit-V
Urban settlements: evolution and classification; Hierarchy of urban settlements;
Trends of Urbanization,
Functional classification of towns; Sphere of urban influence; Rural - urban
fringe; Satellite towns,
Urban sprawl; Slums and associated problems; town planning; Problems of
urbanization and remedies.
Sustainable development of cities
Books Recommended
1. Chisholm, M. (1985): Human Geography, 2nd edition, Penguin Books, London.
2. de Blij, H.J.(1996): Human Geography: Culture, Society and Space,. 2nd edition.
John Wiley and Sons, New
York,
3. Fellman, J. D., Arthur, G., Judith, G., Hopkins, J. and Dan, S. (2007): Human
Geography: Landscapes of
Human Activities. McGraw-Hill, New York. 10 edition.
th

4. Haggett, P. (2004): Geography: A Modern Synthesis. 8th edition, Harper and

Row, New York.
5. Hussain, M. (1994): Human Geography, Rawat Publications, Jaipur.
6. Johnston, R. J., Gregory, D., Pratt, G. and Watts, M. (2009): The Dictionary of
Human Geography. 5th
edition, Basil Blackwell Publishers, Oxford.
7. Kaushik, S.D. and Sharma, A.K. (1996): Principles of Human Geography (in
Hindi), Rastogi Publication,
Meerut.
8. Norton, W. (2008): Human Geography, Oxford University Press, New York. 5 ed.
th
. SYLLABUS-III Semester, B.A. Geography,
Physical Geography (Climatology and Oceanography)

Unit-I
Meaning and scope of climatology; Atmosphere: Composition and structure;
Insolation: determinants
and distribution; Horizontal and vertical distribution of temperature,
inversion of temperature
Controlling factors and Distribution; Processes of heating and cooling of the
atmosphere.
Unit-II
Atmosphere Pressure, Pressure belts and its shifting, Atmosphere
circulation, Planetary Winds,
Seasonal and local winds. Atmosphere humidity – absolute, and relative and
specific,
condensation and its forms, precipitation, Types of Rain fall, distribution of
rain fall, Monsoon,
Jet Stream and their significance with reference to India
Unit-III
Air masses, Frontiers – origin, classification an effect on weather, Tropical
and Temperate
cyclones – theories of origin and related seasonal conditions. Classification
of world climate –
Koppen and Thornthwaite.
Unit-IV
Hydrosphere: Hypsographic curve, Relief of Pacific, Atlantic and Indian
Oceans. Ocean
deposits, Coral Reefs, and theories regarding their origin.
Unit-V
Marine Temperature , Salinity , Movements of oceanic water , Waves,
Currents . Tides and
related theories Ocean as a source of future resources.
Books Recommended
1. Barry, R.G. and Carleton, M. (2001): Synoptic and Dynamic Climatology,
Routledge, London.
2. Chorley, R.J. (2001): Atmosphere, Weather and Climate. Methuen, London.
3. Critchfield, H.J. (2002): General Climatology. Prentice-Hall of India, New Delhi..
4. Finch, J. C. and Trewartha, G. T.: Elements of Weather and Climate. Prentice-
Hall, London.
5. Kendrew, W.C. (1998): Climatology. Edward Arnold, London. 5th edition.
6. Lal, D.S.(1986): Climatology. Chaitanya Publications, Allahabad.
7. Oliver, J.E. and Hidore, J.J. (2003): Climatology: An Atmospheric Science,
Pearson Education Private
Ltd, Patparganj, Delhi.
8. Robinson, P. J. and Henderson, S. (1999): Contemporary Climatology, 2nd
edition, Pearson
Education Ltd., Harlow, UK.
9. Singh, M.B. (1998): Jalvayu Avam Samudra Vigyan. Tara Book Agency,
Varanasi.
 SYLLABUS-IV Semester, B.A. Geography,
Economic Geography
Unit I
Meaning and approaches to economic geography; Main concepts of economic
geography; Relation
of Economic Geography with other disciplines. Geography of primary
production – Agriculture-
Wheat, rice , sugarcane , maize , jute , tea , coffee , cotton and rubber.
Unit II
Natural resources: soil, forest and water; Mineral resources: iron ore and
bauxite; Power resources:
coal and petroleum; Principal crops: wheat, rice and cotton.
Unit III
Agricultural regions of the world (Derwent Whittlesey); Theory of agricultural
location (Von
Thunen); Theory of industrial location (Weber); Major industries: iron and steel,
and cotton textiles,
sugar, paper in fertilizer and Cement industry.
Unit-IV
Trade- World Trade Policy, World trade , Pattern of trade , wheat , rise ,
cotton , coffee, iron ore
coal and petroleum. Changes in world economy in context of Globalization
and liberalization
Unit IV
World transportation: major trans-continental railways, and sea routes; WTO
and International trade:
patterns and trends; Major trade blocs: EEC, ASEAN; Effect of globalization on
developing
countries.
Books Recommended
1. Alexander, J. W. (1988): Economic Geography. Prentice-Hall, New Delhi,.
2. Bryson, J., Henry, N., Keeble, D. and Martin, R. (eds.) (1999): The Economic
Geography Reader:
Producing and Consuming Global Capitalism. John Wiley and Sons, Inc, New York.
3. Clark,G. L., Gertler, M. S. and Feldman, M. P. (eds.) (2000): The Oxford
Handbook of Economic
Geography. Oxford University Press, USA.
4. Coe, N. (2007): Economic Geography: A Contemporary Introduction. Blackwell
Publishers, Inc.,
Massachusetts.
5. Gautam, A. (2006): Aarthik Bhugol Ke Mool Tattava, Sharda Pustak Bhawan,
Allahabad.
6. Guha, J. S. and Chattoraj, P.R. (2002): A New Approach to Economic Geography:
A Study of
Resources. The World Press Private Limited, Kolkata.
7. Hanink, D. M. (1997): Principles and Applications of Economic Geography:
Economy, Policy,
Environment. John Wiley and Sons, Inc, New York.
8. Hartshorne, T. A. and Alexander, J. W. (1988): Economic Geography (3rd revised
edition) Englewood
 SYLLABUS-V Semester, B.A. Geography,
Geography of India

Unit I
India - Locational Characteristics : Physical features; structure relief;
physiography; Drainage
system. Climate and climatic regions; Soil and vegetation - origin of Monsoon
Unit II
Natural Recourses - Water Resource, Mineral Resource - Copper, Iron and
Bauxite. Forest
Recourses - Types and Distribution - Industrial Development- Iron and Steel
Industry; cotton
Industry its location and distribution.
Unit III
Indian Agriculture : characteristics Crops (rice, wheat, cotton, sugarcane, and
tea); Agricultural
regions; Green revolution and its consequences, agricultural regionalization;
agro-climatic zones;
agro- ecological regions.
Unit IV
Power Recourse - Coal, Petroleum, Natural gas. Non conventional sources of
energy,
Multipurpose projects: Damodar Valley, and Bhakhra Nangal; Irrigation;
Unit-V
International Trade - contemporary issues in relation to India; Regional
disparity; impact of
development on environment and Globalization.
Books Recommended
1. Chauhan, P.R. and Prasad, M. (2003): Bharat Ka Vrihad Bhugol, Vasundhara
Prakashan, Gorakhpur.
2. Farmer, B.H. (1983): An Introduction to South Asia. Methuen, London
3. Gautam, A. (2006): Advanced Geography of India, Sharda Pustak Bhawan,
Allahabad
4. Johnson, B.L.C. (1963): Development in South Asia. Penguin Books,
Harmondsworth
5. Krishnan, M.S. (1982): Geology of India and Burma, CAS Publishers and
Distributors, Delhi.
6. Khullar, D.R. ( 2007): India: A Comprehensive Geography, Kalyani Publishers,
New Delhi
7. Nag, P. and Gupta, S. S. (1992): Geography of India, Concept Publishing
Company, New Delhi.
8. Rao, B.P. ( 2007): Bharat kee Bhaugolik Sameeksha, Vasundhara Prakashan,
Gorakhpur.
9. Sharma, T.C. and Coutinho, O. (2003): Economic and Commercial Geography of
India, Vikas
Publishing House Private Ltd. New Delhi.
10. Singh , J. (2003): India: A Comprehensive Systematic Geography. Gyanodaya
Prakashan, Gorakhpur
11. Singh, J. (2001): Bharat: Bhougolik Aadhar Avam Ayam, Gyanodaya
Prakashan, Gorakhpur.
 SYLLABUS-VI Semester, B.A. Geography,
Regional Development and Planning

Unit I.
Meaning, concepts and scope of regional development and planning;
Approaches to Regional
Development; Approaches to Regional Planning; Theories of regional
development (Myrdal and
Perroux).
Unit II
Evolution of Regional Planning in India; Concepts and types of regions;
Schemes of
regionalization; Macro micro planning regions of India; Multi-level planning;
Participatory
planning.
Unit III
Regional development in India: patterns and imbalances; Planning for
regional development;
Role of agriculture, industry and infrastructure (transport and power) in
regional development.
Unit IV
Area development and planning: National Capital Region; Local-level
planning and Panchayati
Raj; Planning for Eastern Uttar Pradesh and North-East India.
Unit V
Assignment-based Seminar Respected Field or paper
Books Recommended
1. Bhat, L.S. (1972): Regional Planning in India, Indian Statistical Institute, Calcutta.
2. Bhat, L.S. (2003): Micro Planning: A Case Study of Karnal Area, KB Publications, New
Delhi.
3. Chand, M. and Puri, V.K. (2004): Regional planning in India; Allied Publishers, New
Delhi, reprint.
4. Chandana, R. C. (2005): Regional Development and Planning. Kalyani Publishers, New
Delhi.
5. Dube, K.K. and Singh, M.B. (1986): Pradeshik Niyojan. Tara Book Agency, Varanasi.
6. Friedman, J. and Alonse, W. (eds.) (1968): Regional Development and Planning, M.I.T.
Press, Cambridge-
Massachusetts.
7. Gopalakrishnan, R. 1991.North-East India: Land, Economy and People. New Delhi: Har-
Anand Publication.
8. Gopalakrishnan, R. 1990. Political Geography of North-East India. New Delhi: Har-Anand
Publication.
9. Kuklinski, A.R. (ed.) (1975): Regional Development and Planning: International
Perspectives, Sijthoff-Leyder.
10. Kuklinski, A.R. (1972): Growth Centres in Regional Planning. Mounton and Company,
Paris.
11. Misra, R.P, Sundaram, K.V., and Prakasarao, V.L.S. (1976): Regional Development
Planning in India, Vikas
Publishers., New Delhi.
12. Misra, R.P. (1969): Regional Planning. University of Mysore, Mysore.
VI Semester, B.A. Geography, Elective Theory Paper-Political
Geography

Unit I
Meaning, approaches, historical development, recent trends in political
geography; geopolitics.
Unit II
Nations, states and nation states; Frontiers and boundaries; Capital cities,
core and periphery
regions.
Unit III
Geographical basis of international relations; Conflict resolution; Strategic
locations, routes and
raw material; Geostrategic regions of the world; Theories of Heartland and
Rimland
Unit IV
Geopolitical and geo-economic significance of:- Indian Ocean, West Asia and
Central Asia;
Problems of nation building in India; Geopolitics of energy and resources.
Unit V
Assignment-based Seminar Respected Field or paper
Books Recommended
1. Cohen, Samuel (1964): Geography and Politics in Divided World. Random House, New
York.
2. De Blijj, H. J. and Glassner, M. (1968): Systematic Political Geography. John Wiley and
Sons, New York.
3. Dikshit, R.D. (1987): Political Geography and Geopolitics. Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi.
4. Dikshit, R.D. (2000): Political Geography: A Contemporary Perspective. Prentice-Hall,
New Delhi.
5. Siddiq, M. (1997): Indian in the Indian Ocean: A Geopolitical Study, Rawat Publications,
Jaipur
6. Moddie, A.E. (1961): Geography Behind Politics. Hutchinson, London.
7. Pannikar, K.M. (1959): Geographical Factors in Indian History. 2 vols. Asia Publishing
House, Bombay.
8. Pearcy, G. E. and Fifield, R. (1948): World Political Geography, Thomas Y Crowell, New
York
9. Pounds, N.J.G. (1972): Political Geography. McGraw Hill Publication., New York.
10. Short, John R. (1982): An Introduction to Political Geography. Routledge, London
11. Singh, T. D. (1988): Hind Mahasagar Avam Parimandaliya Rashtra: Ek Bhougolik
Adhyayan, Tara Book
Agency, Varanasi.
12. Sukhwal. B.L. (1987): Modern Political Geography of India. Sterling Publication, New
Delhi.
VI Semester Geography, Elective Theory Paper-Industrial Geography
Unit I
Meaning and scope of industrial geography; Industrialization; Concept of
industrial revolution with
reference to Britain and India.
Unit II
Factors of industrial location; Theories of industrial location: Weber, Hoover,
Lösch and Smith.
Unit III
Distribution, growth, production trends and problems of: iron and steel, cotton
textile, and sugar
industries; Industrial policies in India; Role of industries in regional
development.
Unit IV
Concept and methods of industrial regionalization; Major industrial regions of
the world; Structure of
major industrial complexes: Mid -Atlantic coastal region of USA, Rühr
Industrial region, Mumbai -
Ahmedabad industrial region.
Unit V
Assignment-based Seminar Respected Field or paper
Books Recommended
1. Alexanderson, C. (1967): Geography of Manufacturing. Prentice-Hall of India,
New Delhi.
2. Hoover, E. M. (1948): Location and Space Economy. McGraw Hill, New York.
3. Lodha, R.M.(2005): Audyogika Bhoogol, Rajasthan Hindi Granth Academy,
Jaipur
4. Miller, E. (1962): A Geography of Manufacturing. Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs,
New Jersey.
5. Riley, R. C. (1973): Industrial Geography, Chatto and Windus Ltd. London.
6. Singh, M. B. (1990): New Perspectives in Industrial Geography. Lotus
Publication, Varanasi.
7. Singh, M. B. (1988): Industrial Geography. Lotus Publication, Varanasi