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Plane Table Survey Trade Project

This is plane table survey project

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dmutwiri129
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28 views3 pages

Plane Table Survey Trade Project

This is plane table survey project

Uploaded by

dmutwiri129
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Plane Table Survey Trade Project

Table of Contents
1. Introduction ............................................. 3

2. Principles of Plane Table Survey .......................... 4

3. Equipment and Tools ....................................... 5

4. Methods of Plane Table Survey ............................. 7

5. Procedures and Techniques ................................. 9

6. Advantages and Limitations ................................ 12

7. Conclusion ................................................ 14

8. References ................................................ 15

1. Introduction
Plane table survey is a graphical method of surveying where the fieldwork and plotting are done

simultaneously.

It is simple, cost-effective, and widely used for small-scale mapping. In this project, we explore the

principles, equipment,

methods, and procedures involved in conducting a plane table survey, and analyze its applications

in modern surveying projects.

2. Principles of Plane Table Survey


Plane table surveying operates on the principle of plotting the observations on the field as they are

taken,

thus eliminating any chances of errors between the field and the office. The survey points are

determined graphically by taking

sightings with an alidade and plotted directly on the paper attached to the table.
3. Equipment and Tools
The main equipment used in plane table surveying includes:

- Plane Table: A flat surface mounted on a tripod, used to fix the drawing sheet.

- Alidade: A straightedge fitted with a sight for taking and plotting angles.

- Spirit Level: Used to level the plane table.

- Compass: Used to orient the table to the north.

- Plumbing Fork: Ensures that the table is set up directly over the survey point.

4. Methods of Plane Table Survey


There are four primary methods used in plane table survey:

- Radiation Method: Points are plotted by drawing radial lines from a central point.

- Intersection Method: Points are plotted by taking intersecting lines from two known points.

- Traversing: A method used for plotting a series of points by moving the table from one station to

the next.

- Resection Method: Used to determine the position of the table by sighting known points.

5. Procedures and Techniques


The main procedures involved in plane table surveying are:

- Setting up the plane table at a suitable height and leveling it using the spirit level.

- Centering the table over the station point using the plumbing fork.

- Orienting the table using a compass or aligning it with known reference points.

- Taking sightings using the alidade to plot points on the drawing sheet.

- Checking and adjusting the accuracy by repeating measurements and ensuring consistency in

orientation.

6. Advantages and Limitations


Advantages:

- Immediate plotting reduces chances of mistakes.

- Cost-effective and simple for small projects.

- Suitable for inaccessible terrains.

Limitations:

- Not ideal for large, complex projects.

- Limited accuracy compared to modern digital equipment.

- Requires skill in both observation and drawing.

7. Conclusion
In conclusion, plane table survey is a versatile and practical method for field surveying.

Despite its limitations, it remains a valuable tool for small-scale projects and in situations where

modern digital

tools may not be feasible. Understanding its principles and mastering its techniques are essential for

any surveying professional.

8. References
1. Surveying by B.C. Punmia, Ashok Kumar Jain, Arun Kumar Jain.

2. Principles of Plane Table Survey, Technical Report, National Institute of Surveying.

3. Surveying Theory and Practice, Seventh Edition by James Anderson and Edward Mikhail.

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