TOPIC 1

CITIZENSHIP TRAINING

TOPIC 1
CITIZENSHIP TRAINING
I. Module Overview

This module deals with values development for good citizenship, including the preamble
of the 1987 Consitution, the philosophy, and roots of Filipino values, nationalism and
patriotism, and personal development plan.

II. Desired Learning Outcome

At the end of this module, the students should be able to:

 understand the principles underpinning good citizenship, rights and responsibilities
of citizens, service and volunteerism for national development;
 describe and analyze issues that relate to the good citizenship values, rights and
responsibilities of student-citizens in the country;
 make reasonable decisions, address issues, explain concepts and/or solve
problems using relevant examples pertaining to exercise of rights, fulfillment of
obligations, and promotion of values towards responsible citizenship; and
 appreciate the significance of good citizenship towards the attainment of national
development.

III. Motivation

A. Below is a self-assessment test of the good citizenship values. Determine to what

extent you possess these Filipino values.
Check (/) before the item should your answer is “yes” to the question.

1. Concern for the environment

 Do I conserve water?
 Do I keep my surroundings clean?
 Do I segregate my garbage?
 Am I a litterbug?
 Do I throw garbage in canals and waterways that causes floods?
 Do I plant trees?

2. Promotion of the common good

 Do I consider the welfare of others in what I do – that I will harm no one or
disturb the peace nor deface my surroundings?
 Do I help the less fortunate?
 Do I get out of my way and engage in activities that will benefit others, e.g.,
give food and clothing to disaster victims, etc.?
 Do I engage in activities that harm others, e.g., helping out criminal syndicates
in my neighborhood pushing drugs and promoting illegal gambling?

3. Patriotism
 Do I consider what is good for my country in my actions, e.g., when I commit
acts of vandalism like writing graffiti on walls, breaking street lights, etc.?
 Do I patronize our native products?
 Do I say or do anything that will give a bad image to my country?
 Do I say or do anything that will give a bad image to my country?

4. Respect for law and government

 Do I follow traffic rules relative to bus stops, pedestrian lanes, traffic lights,
etc.?
 Do I join street demonstrations that seek to bring down the government?
 Do I report lawbreakers like those engaged in illegal gambling, drug pushing,
etc., especially within school premises?
 Do I condone corruption by emulating persons who have enriched themselves
through corruption?

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5. Equality
 Do I give preferential treatment to the rich and powerful?
 Do I treat everyone with respect regardless of status or position?
 Do I take advantage of anyone because they are poor, ignorant or powerless?

6. Unity
 Do I work with and cooperate with others?
 Do I foment intrigue, dissension, distrust?
 Do I help others?
 Am I a team player in the family, at school and in the community?

7. Justice
 Do I give everyone their due even if difficult?
 Am I fair in all my dealings, especially to the poor and powerless?
 Do I try to take advantage of others?
 Do I try to get more than what I deserve or what is rightfully mine?

8. Truth
 Am I a truthful individual?
 Did I hurt somebody during the time that I’m not truthful?
 Did I do something to correct my fault?
 Do I value the essence of truth in my life, family, work and country?
 Do I commit myself to the truth in my own dealings and defend righteousness
as a virtue?

9. Peace
 Do I resolve conflict in a peaceful way?
 Do I maintain a harmonious relationship with others… at home… at work… in
the community?
 Do I help iron out misunderstandings among friends and family.

10. Freedom
 Do I respect the freedom of others?
 Do I impose my will on others?
 Do I use my freedom for good?
 Do I exercise my freedom responsibly so that I do no harm to anyone?
 Do I use coercion or intimidation to make others do what I want them to do or
be what I want them to be?

11. Love
 Do I make sacrifices for the good of those I love?
 Am I kind and compassionate to others?
 Do I help the poor?
 Do I forgive offenses against me or do I exact revenge?

12. Concern for the family and future generations

 Do I help in household chores?
 Do I have a loving relationship with all the members of my family?
 Am I kind and considerate with the members of my family?
 Do I show a good example to all the younger members of my family?
 Am I considerate of the needs and welfare of the next generation?

13. Work
 Do I go to school on time?
 Do I do my homework and participate in school activities?
 Do I do my best in everything I do?
 Do I volunteer to help others, especially the old, the sick and small children?

14. Order
 Do I follow rules and regulations – at home, in school and in the community?
 Do I maintain cleanliness and orderliness at home and in my school?
 Am I trustworthy in handling money and property that belong to others?

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15. Respect for life

 Do I take care of my health?
 Do I engage in unhealthy activities like drinking, taking drugs, etc.?
 Am I considerate of the health of other?
 Do I engage in violent fights and hurt others physically?

16. Faith in Almighty

 Do I follow God’s will and commandments?
 Do I turn to God in difficult times?
 Do I pray?

IV. Content Focus

THE NSTP LAW

REPUBLIC ACT 7722 – HIGHER EDUCATION ACT OF 1994

Republic Act 7722 is the act creating the Commission on Higher Education which
covers both the public and private institutions of higher education as well as degree-
granting programs in all post-secondary educational institutions, be it public or private.
One of the powers and functions of this act which is in line with the goal of
National Service Training Program [NSTP] is to identify, support and develop potential
centers of excellence in program areas needed for the development of world-class
scholarship, nation building and national development.

THE NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM [R.A. 9163]

1. What is the legal basis of the National Service Training Program (NSTP)?
The National Service Training Program (NSTP) Law or RA 9163 also known
as “An Act Establishing the National Service Training Program (NSTP) for tertiary
level students, amending for the purpose Republic Act No. 7077 and Presidential
Decree No. 1706, and for other purposes.” was enacted last January 2002 to amend
the Expanded ROTC. This program aimed to enhance civic consciousness and
defense preparedness in the youth by developing the ethics of service and
patriotism while undergoing training in any of its three (3) program components,
specifically designed to enhance the youth’s active contribution to the. general
welfare.

2. What are the components of the NSTP?

a. Reserve Officer’s Training Corps [ROTC] - refers to the program component,

institutionalized under Section 38 and 39 of Republic Act No. 7077, designed
to provide military training to motivate, train organize and mobilize them for
national defense preparedness.
b. Civic Welfare Training Service [CWTS] - refers to the program component or
activities contributory to the general welfare and the betterment of life for the
members of the community or the enhancement of its facilities, especially
those devoted to improving health, education, environment, entrepreneurship,
safety, recreation and moral of the citizenry and other social welfare services.

c. Literacy Training Service [LTS] - refers to the program component designed

to train the students to teach literacy and numeracy skills to school children,
out-of-school youth and other segments of society in need of their services.

Who are covered by the NSTP Law?

A. All incoming freshmen students, male, female, starting school year (SY)
2002-2003, enrolled in any baccalaureate and in at least two (2) year
technical- vocational or associate courses, are required to complete one
(1) NSTP component of their choice, as a graduation requirement;
B. All higher and technical-vocational education institutions must at least
offer one (1) of the NSTP components.

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C. State universities and colleges (SUC‟s), shall offer the ROTC component
and at least one (1) other NSTP component.
D. The Philippine Military Academy (PMA), Philippine Merchant Marine
Academy (PMMA), Philippine National Police Academy (PNPA), and
other SUC‟s of similar nature, in view of the special character of these
institutions, are exempted from the NSTP.
E. Private higher education and technical-vocational education institutions
with at least 350 student cadets may offer the ROTC component and
consequently establish / maintain a Department Of Military Science and
Tactics (DMST), subject to the existing rules and regulations of the Armed
Forces of the Philippines (AFP).

3. What is the duration and equivalent course unit of each of the NSTP Component?
Each of the NSTP components shall be undertaken for an academic period of
two (2) semesters for 54 to 90 training hours per semester. It shall be credited for
three (3) units per semester.
4. What fees shall be charged to students taking any of the NSTP components?
No other fees shall be collected except basic tuition fees, which should not be
more than 50% of the charges of the school per academic unit.
5. Who are covered by the suspension of the ROTC requirement?
The completion of ROTC training as a requisite for graduation is set aside for
students who have completed all their academic requirements for their respective
courses as certified by the school on or before the effectivity of the NSTP Act of
2001, which is March 23, 2002. The concerned students may apply for graduation in
their respective schools.
6. What happens to male students who are currently enrolled and have not taken nor
completed the ROTC requirements for graduation?
a. Male students who are not covered by Section 12 of this Rule and are
currently enrolled but have not taken any of the Military Service (MS), Civic
Welfare Service (CWS) or Law Enforcement Service (LES) shall be covered
by the NSTP Law.
b. Male students who have completed two semesters of the Expanded ROTC
(E-ROTC) / National Service Program (NSP) are deemed to have complied
with the NSTP requirement.
c. Male students who are not covered by Section 12 of these Rules and have
taken only one (1) semester of Basic ROTC or E-ROTC/NSP shall take any
of the NSTP components to qualify for graduation.
d. Students who want to qualify for enlistment in the Reserve Force or attend
the advance ROTC program shall undertake a special program for this
purpose.

7. How are Clustering and Cross-Enrollment done?

a. Clustering of students from different education institutions during semestral or
summer periods may be done for any of the NSTP component, taking into
account logistics, branch of service and geographical locations. The host
school shall be responsible in managing the Program.
b. Schools that do not meet the required number of students to maintain the
optional ROTC and any of the NSTP components, or do not offer the
component chosen by the student shall allow their students to cross-enroll in
other schools irrespective of whether such school is under CHED or TESDA;
and in the case the students taking the ROTC component irrespective of
whether the two semesters shall be taken from different schools whose
ROTC is managed by different branches of service of the Armed forces of the
Philippines(AFP).

8. What is NSTP-One Summer Program (NSTP-OSP)?

NSTP-OSP is created under RA 9163 or the NSTP Act of 2001, especially
Section 6 and jointly devised, formulated and adopted by DND, CHED and
TESDA.

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NSTP-OSP is established for the three (3) components: ROTC, CWTS and
LTS. This is intended for graduating students in baccalaureate or at least two-
year technical-vocational or associate courses, who have yet to comply with the
NSTP as a requirement for graduation, as well as for students, thus allow them to
concentrate on the academic subjects and other co- curricular concerns.
9. What is the National Service Reserve Corps (NSRC)?
NSRC is created under Section 11 of RA 9163 or the NSTP Act of 2001,
composed of graduates of the non- ROTC components: the CWTS and LTS.
Members of this Corps maybe tapped by the State for literacy and civic welfare
activities, through the joint efforts of DND, CHED, and TESDA.
CITIZENSHIP TRAINING
PHILIPPINE CONSTITUTION
Since June 12, 1898, Proclamation of Independence, there have been a total of
six (6) Philippine Constitution. Below is the evolution of the constitution:
1. Malolos Constitution (1898 – 1901) – First Philippine Constitution; First
republican constitution in Asia

2. Philippine Organic Act of 1902 & Philippine Autonomy Act of 1916 (1902 –
1935) - The Phil. Organic Act of 1902 provided a Philippine Assembly
composed of Filipino citizen while the Phil. Autonomy Act of 1916 included
the first pledge of Philippine Independence.

3. Commonwealth and Third Republic/1935 Constitution (1935 – 1943 & 1945 –

1972) – The United States Congress in 1934 passed the Philippine
Independence Act that paved way to the creation of a constitution for the
Philippines. Through the 1934 Constitutional Convention, a draft of the
Constitution for the Philippines was produced. It was ratified through a
national plebiscite on May 14, 1935. In November 15, 1935 with the
inauguration of the Commonwealth of the Philippines, the constitution was
fully implemented and enforced. Part of its provision states that the said
constitution will remain in effect once independence was declared on July 4,
1946. In 1940, the National Assembly of the Philippines amended the
constitution from having a unicameral assembly to a bicameral congress and
changing the term limit of the president from six (6) years with no re-election
to four (4) years with a possibility of re-election for a second term. In 1945,
the constitution was again observed with the liberation of the country.

4. Japanese-Sponsored Republic/Second Republic/1943 Constitution (1943 –

1945) – The Japanese-sponsored government nullified the constitution during
the World War II. The government created a Preparatory Committee on
Philippine Independence to replace the constitution. The new constitution
was used by the administration under President Jose P. Laurel.

5. Martial Law Constitution/1973 Constitution (1973 – 1986) – During the regime

of President Ferdinand Marcos, a Constitutional Convention was formed to
amend the 1935 Constitution. Through the Presidential Decree No. 86, s.
1972 – creation of a citizen assembly to ratify a drafted constitution by means
of a Viva Voce in place of secret ballots, President Marcos announced the
ratification and its effectivity on January 17, 1973. Although there were
several oppositions to its ratification, the 1973 Constitution was deemed valid
and was enforced.

6. Freedom Constitution/1987 Constitution (1987 – Present) – After Martial Law

and the democracy was restored, President Corazon Aquino issued the
suspension of several provision in the 1973 Constitution and promulgated a
transitory constitution through Proclamation No. 3. The Constitutional
Commission was created by Proclamation No. 9, s. 1986 and was tasked to
write a new charter to replace the previous Constitution. The National
Plebiscite for the new Constitution was held on February 2, 1987. Then, on

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February 11, 1987, by virtue of Proclamation No. 58 the new constitution was
ratified.

PREAMBLE

We, the sovereign Filipino people, imploring the aid of Almighty God, in order to
build a just and humane society and establish a Government that shall embody our
ideals and aspirations, promote the common good, conserve and develop our patrimony,
and secure to ourselves and our posterity the blessings of independence and democracy
under the rule of law and a regime of truth, justice, freedom, love, equality, and peace,
do ordain and promulgate this Constitution.

BILL OF RIGHTS

SEC. 1. No person shall be deprived of life, liberty, or property without due process of
law, nor shall any person be denied the equal protection of the laws.

SEC. 2. The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and
effects against unreasonable searches and seizures of whatever nature and for
any purpose shall be inviolable, and no search warrant or warrant of arrest shall
issue except upon probable cause to be determined personally by the judge
after examination under oath or affirmation of the complainant and the witnesses
he may produce, and particularly describing the place to be searched and the
persons or things to be seized.

SEC. 3 .1. The privacy of communication and correspondence shall be inviolable except
upon lawful order of the court, or when public safety or order requires otherwise
as prescribed by law.

SEC. 3.2. Any evidence obtained in violation of this or the preceding section shall be
inadmissible for any purpose in any proceeding.

SEC. 4. No law shall be passed abridging the freedom of speech, of expression, or of

the press, or the right of the people peaceably to assemble and petition the
government for redress of grievances.

SEC. 5. No law shall be made respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the

free exercise thereof. The free exercise and enjoyment of religious profession
and worship, without discrimination or preference, shall forever be allowed. No
religious test shall be required for the exercise of civil or political rights.

SEC. 6. The liberty of abode and of changing the same within the limits prescribed by
law shall not be impaired except upon lawful order of the court. Neither shall the
right to travel be impaired except in the interest of national security, public
safety, or public health, as may be provided by law.

SEC. 7. The right of the people to information on matters of public concern shall be
recognized. Access to official records, and to documents, and papers pertaining
to official acts, transactions, or decisions, as well as to government research
data used as basis for policy development, shall be afforded the citizen, subject
to such limitations as may be provided by law.

SEC. 8. The right of the people, including those employed in the public and private
sectors, to form unions, associations, or societies for purposes not contrary to
law shall not be abridged.

SEC. 9. Private property shall not be taken for public use without just compensation.

SEC. 10. No law impairing the obligation of contracts shall be passed.

SEC. 11. Free access to the courts and quasi-judicial bodies and adequate legal
assistance shall not be denied to any person by reason of poverty.

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SEC. 12. 1. Any person under investigation for the commission of an offense shall have
the right to be informed of his right to remain silent and to have competent and
independent counsel preferably of his own choice. If the person cannot afford
the services of counsel, he must be provided with one. These rights cannot be
waived except in writing and in the presence of counsel.

SEC. 12. 2. No torture, force, violence, threat, intimidation, or any other means which
vitiate the free will shall be used against him. Secret detention places, solitary,
incommunicado, or other similar forms of detention are prohibited.

SEC. 12. 3. Any confession or admission obtained in violation of this or Section 17

hereof shall be inadmissible in evidence against him.

SEC. 12. 4. The law shall provide for penal and civil sanctions of violations of this
section as well as compensation to and rehabilitation of victims of torture or
similar practices, and their families.

SEC. 13. All persons, except those charged with offenses punishable by reclusion
perpetua when evidence of guilt is strong, shall, before conviction, be bailable
by sufficient securities, or be released on recognizance as may be provided by
law. The right to bail shall not be impaired even when the privilege of the writ of
habeas corpus is suspended. Excessive bail shall not be required.

SEC. 14. 1. No person shall be held to answer for a criminal offense without due process
of law.

SEC. 14. 2. In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall be presumed innocent until
the contrary is proved, and shall enjoy the right to be heard by himself and
counsel, to be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation against him,
to have a speedy, impartial, and public trial, to meet the witnesses face to face,
and to have compulsory process to secure the attendance of witnesses and the
production of evidence in his behalf. However, after arraignment, trial may
proceed notwithstanding the absence of the accused provided that he has been
duly notified and his failure to appear is unjustifiable.

SEC. 15. The privilege of the writ of habeas corpus shall not be suspended except in
cases of invasion or rebellion when the public safety requires it.

SEC. 16. All persons shall have the right to a speedy disposition of their cases before all
judicial, quasi-judicial, or administrative bodies.

SEC. 17. No person shall be compelled to be a witness against himself.

SEC. 18. 1. No person shall be detained solely by reason of his political beliefs and
aspirations.

SEC. 18. 2. No involuntary servitude in any form shall exist except as a punishment for a
crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted.

SEC. 19. 1. Excessive fines shall not be imposed, nor cruel, degrading or inhuman
punishment inflicted. Neither shall death penalty be imposed, unless, for
compelling reasons involving heinous crimes, the Congress hereafter provides
for it. Any death penalty already imposed shall be reduced to reclusion
perpetua.

SEC. 19. 2. The employment of physical, psychological, or degrading punishment

against any prisoner or detainee or the use of substandard or inadequate penal
facilities under subhuman conditions shall be dealt with by law.

SEC. 20. No person shall be imprisoned for debt or non-payment of a poll tax.

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SEC. 21.No person shall be twice put in jeopardy of punishment for the same offense. If
an act is punished by a law and an ordinance, conviction or acquittal under
either shall constitute a bar to another prosecution for the same act.
SEC. 22. No ex post facto law or bill of attainder shall be enacted.

DUTIES & RESPONSIBILITIES OF FILIPINO CITIZEN

1. It is the duty of every Filipino to respect, honor and give due accord to his Filipino
heritage, patrimony, values and tradition.
2. It is the duty of every Filipino to contribute to the development, welfare and
nation-building of its country.
3. It is the duty of every Filipino to engage in gainful work to assure himself and his
family a life of worthy of human dignity.
4. Loyalty to the federal republic and national consciousness, aspirations and ideals
shall be asked from every Filipino citizen.
5. Every Filipino citizen is asked to uphold this Constitution, obey the laws of the
land, pay taxes and duties, and to cooperate with the duly constituted authorities
in the attainment and preservation of a just and orderly society.
6. Every Filipino citizen must give due honor to the Philippine flag, National Anthem,
Philippine President and other national symbols and emblems.
7. It is the duty of very Filipino citizen to defend the national territory from
aggressive invaders, protect the sovereignty of its people, and preserve the
continuity of a just, human society and government.
8. It is the duty of every Filipino to report to the proper authorities all plots of
terrorism, plans of rebellion, subversion, or insurrection toward the duly and
legally acknowledge government, and other acts that will compromise the union
and sovereignty of the federal republic.
9. It is the obligation of every Filipino, to report corrupt, dishonest or fraudulent
government officials to the proper forum, courts and agencies. A Filipino shall not
tempt or bribe government officials, steal from the coffers of the government, or
escape or abandon his lawful responsibilities.
10. It is the responsibilities of every Filipino to elect officials of government as a
means of demonstrating his personal ideas and aspirations for the motherland.
Omission or abstention from this responsibility may indicate a person’s
renunciation of his rights of suffrage. No fine or inappropriate or excessive
penalty shall be asked from him as reparation for his choice not to vote. People,
who lost their social right of suffrage, may reclaim such rights accordance of law.

REPUBLIC ACT 8491 – FLAG HERALDIC CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES

For the implementation of the Flag Heraldic Code of the Philippines, the NSTP
should be guided with the following provisions:

SEC. 2. States that it is the policy of the state to prescribe the Code of the National Flag,
Anthem, Motto, Coat-of-Arms and other Heraldic Items and Devices of the
Philippines, ensure the promotion and implementation of its corresponding rules
and regulations, and adopt effective administrative, regulatory, coordinative and
supervisory programs and activities, where appropriate, in conformity with
national government policies.

SEC. 4. The Flag Heraldic Code of the Philippines will promote or sustain reverence and
respect for the flag, the anthem and other national symbols, and those which
symbolizes the national ideals and traditions.

DEFINITION OF TERMS

These are the terminologies used in these rules:

1. Military – means all the branches of the Armed Forces of the Philippines
including the Philippine National Police, the Bureau of Jail Management and
Penology, and the Bureau of Fire Protection
2. Festoon – to hang in a curved shape between two points as a decoration

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3. National Flag – is the National Flag and Ensign of the Philippines, use on land
and sea by public, private and the military and shall refer to the flag or any other
design that resembles it as likely to cause any person to believe that it is the flag
or design stated
4. Fly – is the part of the flag outside the hoist or length
5. Symbol – any conventional sign that shows man’s achievement and heroism,
identification, authority and a sign of dignity
6. Half-mast – is the lowering of the flag to the middle of the pole
7. Halyard – the long rope used for raising and lowering the flag
8. Inclement Weather – when there is a typhoon signal raised in a locality
9. National Anthem – the “Lupang Hinirang”, Philippine National Anthem
10. Official Residences – is Malacanang and other government-owned structures
where the President lives, and other structures occupied by the Philippine
Consulate or Embassies abroad
11. Places of Frivolity – places of hilarity marked by or providing boisterous
merriment or recreation
12. Advertisement or Infomercial – these are any information material, printed or
through radio, television and electronic media which seeks to promote
individuals, products or services, political purposes or information campaigns
13. Heraldic Items and Devices – are coat-of-arms, seals, logos, insignia, badges,
flashes, patches, orders and decorations, medals, stars, citations, lapel pins,
trophies, dry, wax or wet seals, and imprints on letterheads, envelops and cards
14. Government Entities – all branches of government, its bureaus and attached
agencies, constitutional offices, government owned and/or controlled
corporations, government financial institutions, state universities and colleges,
Armed Forces of the Philippines and its basic units
15. Vexillary Items – national, local house flags or administrative and corporate
organization’s banner

A. HALF - MAST

SEC. 27. The National Flag should be at half-mast as a sign of mourning on all the
buildings and places where it is displayed on the official day of announcement of
the death of the following officials:

a. The President or former President (10 days);

b. The Vice-President, the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, the President of
the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives (7 days);
c. Cabinet Secretaries, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court, Members of the
Senate and House of Representatives, the Chief of Staff of the Armed Forces
of the Philippines and the Director-General of the Philippine National Police (5
days);
d. Head of National Government Agencies, including Government Owned and
Control Corporations and Government Financial Institutions (3 days)
e. The Commanding Generals of the Philippine Air Force and the Philippine Army
and the Flag Officer in Command of the Philippine Navy (3 days)
f. Governors, Vice-Governors, city and municipal Mayor, city and municipal Vice-
Mayors (3 days)
g. Members of the Sangguniang Panlalawigan, Sangguniang Panlungsod and
Sangguniang Bayan (on the day of interment)

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h. Barangay Chairmen and Barangay Councilmen on the day of interment

i. Former National or Local Government Officials, appointive or elective
j. Regional Directors, Superintendents, Supervisors, Principals, Teachers and
other school officials

During calamities and disasters, National Flag shall also be flown at half-mast.

RULE: The flag must be raised to the top of the pole before it is lowered to the half-mast
position; and before it is lowered for the day it must be raised to the top again.

Image courtesy of Gov.ph

B. CASKET

SEC. 28. The National Flag may be used to cover the caskets of the dead honored men
(military, veterans of previous wars, National Artists and other civilians) who
rendered noble service to our nation. It should not touch the ground but must be
folded solemnly and handed it to the heirs of the deceased. No object must be
placed on top of it except for the religious objects that symbolizes “God above the
country”.

RULE: When positioning the flag, the white triangle must be at the head of the casket
while the blue field must cover the right side. To prevent the flag from falling off, a black
band may be wrapped along the side of the casket.

Image courtesy of Gov.ph

C. PLEDGE TO THE NATIONAL FLAG

SEC 29. The following shall be the Pledge of Allegiance to the National Flag:

Panunumpa ng Katapatan sa Watawat ng Pilipinas

Ako ay Pilipino
Buong Katapatang nanunumpa Sa watawat ng Pilipinas
At sa bansang kanyang sinasagisag Na may dangal, Katarungan at
Kalayaan
Na pinakikilos ng sambayanang Maka-Diyos
Maka-Tao Makakalikasan at Makabansa.

This pledge should be recited right after singing the National Anthem with right
palm open and shoulder raised high

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a. PROHIBITED ACTS

b. NATIONAL ANTHEM

SEC. 39. It is prohibited:

a. To mutilate, deface, defile, trample on, cast contempt, or commit any act or
omission casting dishonor or ridicule upon the National Flag or over its surface;
b. To dip the National Flag to any person or object by way of compliment or salute;
c. To use National Flag
1. As drapery, festoon, tablecloth;
2. As covering for ceilings, walls, statues or other objects;
3. As a pennant in the hood, side, back and top of motor vehicles;
4. As a staff or whip;
d. To display the National Flag:
1. Under any painting or picture;
2. Horizontally. It shall always be hoisted aloft and be allowed to fall freely;
3. Below any platform; or
4. In discotheques, cockpits, night and day clubs, casinos, gambling joints and
places of vice or where frivolity prevails.
e. To wear the National Flag in whole or in part as a costume or uniform;
f. To add any word, figure, mark, picture, design, drawings, advertisement, or
imprint of any nature on the National Flag;
To print, paint or attach representation of the National Flag on handkerchiefs,
napkins, cushions, and articles of merchandise;
g. To display in public any foreign flag, except in embassies and other diplomatic
establishments, and in offices of international organizations;
h. To use or display or be part of any advertisement or infomercial; and
i. To display the National Flag in front of buildings or offices occupied by aliens.

SEC. 40 -41. The National Anthem should be interpreted in accordance with the musical
arrangement and composition of Julian Felipe with its original lyrics and tempo.

LUPANG HINIRANG

Bayang Magiliw Perlas ng Silanganan, Alab ng puso

Sa Dibdib mo’y buhay.
Lupang Hinirang Duyan ka ng magiting, Sa manlulupig.
Di ka pasisiil.
Sa dagat at bundok,
Sa simoy at sa langit mong bughaw,
May dilag ang tula
At awit sa paglayang minamahal.
Ang kislap ng watawat mo’y Tagumpay na nagniningning Ang bituin at araw niya, Kailan
pa may di magdidilim.
Lupa ng araw, ng luwalhati’t pagsinta, Buhay ay langit sa piling mo,
Aming ligaya na pag may mang-aapi, Ang mamatay ng dahil sa iyo.
c. NATIONAL MOTTO

SEC. 45. The Philippine National Motto is

MAKA-DIYOS, MAKA-TAO
MAKAKALIKASAN AT
MAKABANSA

d. NATIONAL COAT-OF-ARMS (SAGISAG NG

PILIPINAS)

SEC. 46. The National Coat-of-Arms shall have:

Paleways of two (2) pieces, azure and

gules; a chief argent studded with three (3) mullets

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equidistant from each other; and, in point of honor, ovoid argent over all the sun
rayonnant with eight minor and lesser rays. Beneath shall be the scroll with the words
“REPUBLIKA NG PILIPINAS,” inscribed thereon.
The eight-rayed sun symbolizes the eight provinces (Batangas, Bulacan, Cavite,
Manila, Laguna, Nueva Ecija, Pampanga and Tarlac) which were placed under martial
law by Governor-General Ramón Blanco during the Philippine Revolution, and the three
five-pointed stars representing the three primary geographic regions of Luzon, Visayas,
and
Mindanao.

e. The Great Seal

The Great Seal should be in circular form with the same

descriptions with the National Coat-of-Arms but
without the scroll and the inscription “Republika ng
Pilipinas”. It should be surrounded by a double
marginal circle which “Republika ng Pilipinas” should
appear. The Great Seal should also bear the National
Motto.

f. Penalties

Failure or refusal to adhere to the provisions of this act, and/or any violations of
these Rules shall be penalized as stipulated in R.A. 8491.

REPUBLIC ACT 9418 – VOLUNTEER ACT OF 2007

It should be the policy of the state to promote the participation of the different
sectors of the society, international and foreign volunteer organizations in public and
civic affairs, and adopt and strengthen the practice of volunteerism as an approach in
order to reach national development and international understanding. Every Filipino
should be educated of volunteerism to foster social justice, solidarity and sustainable
development.

To achieve attainment, here are the goals and objectives of the policy:

a. To provide the policy framework that shall underscore the fundamental principles
necessary to
b. harmonize the broad and diverse efforts of the voluntary sector,
c. To provide a conducive and enabling environment for the mobilization and
nurturance of volunteers and volunteer organizations,
d. To strengthen the Philippine National Volunteer Service Coordinating Agency
(PNVSCA) as an effective institution to support volunteerism in the country.

DEFINITION OF TERMS

1. Volunteerism – (A) act that involves different activities which includes traditional
form of mutual aid and interventions to provide an enabling and empowering both
on the part of the beneficiary and the volunteer; (B) a powerful means for
bringing more people into the fold. It strengthens civic engagement, safeguards
social inclusion, deepens solidarity and solidifies ownership of development
results. It simply is not possible to attain the SDGs without a wide range of
people engaged at all stages, at all levels, at all times.
2. Volunteer – an individual or group who contribute time, service and resources
whether on full-time or part-time basis to a just and essential social development
cause, mission or endeavor in the belief that their activity is mutually meaningful
and beneficial to public interest as well as to themselves
3. Volunteer Service Organization – a local or foreign group that recruits, trains,
deploys and supports volunteer workers to programs and projects implemented
by them or by other organizations or any group that provides services and

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resources, information, capability building, advocacy and networking for the

attainment of the common good
4. Voluntary Sector – those sectors of Philippine society that organizes themselves
into volunteers to take advocacy and action primarily for local and national
development as well as international cooperation and understanding

ROLES AND MODALITIES OF VOLUNTEERISM IN PRIVATE SECTOR

a. Volunteerism in academe encourage academic institutions to continuously devise

ways to effectively teach and practice the value of volunteerism. Such integration
provides students with the volunteering arena by which they can channel their
idealism and vigor into something worthwhile.
b. In corporate sector, volunteerism serves as an expression of corporate social
responsibility and citizenship, which refers to the activities recognized by the
company, where give their time, skills and resources in the service of the
company’s internal and/or external communities.

PHILIPPINE NATIONAL VOLUNTEER SERVICE COORDINATING AGENCY

(PNVSCA)

PNVSCA was created under the Executive Order No. 134 to review and provide
policies and guidelines regarding the national volunteer service program. It establishes
and maintains a national network of volunteer organizations and serves as liaison
between and among local.
Recognizing the important contributions of volunteerism in nation-building, the
Philippine National Volunteer Service Coordinating Agency (PNVSCA) leads the
promotion and coordination volunteer programs and services in the Philippines, to
maximize the benefits that may be derived from volunteer assistance and properly
gauge the contributions of volunteers to national development and international
cooperation.

FILIPINO CHARACTERISTICS

WHAT ARE VALUES?

Before delving into the discussion of values – Filipino values, in particular – it is
worth analyzing the word itself. The word “value” has its root in the Latin word “valere”
which means to be strong and vigorous. This proceeds from the premise that a human
person has to have strength or valor in every endeavor. It is the basis on which his
strength in facing the challenges of life should be directed.
Dr. Tomas Q. D. Andres (1986) would define values as “things, persons, ideas or
goals which are important to life; anything which enables life to be understood,
evaluated, and directed.”
On the other hand, Edgar Sheffield Brightman defines value as “whatever is
liked, prized, esteemed, desired approved, or enjoyed by anyone at any time. It is the
actual experience of enjoying a desired object or activity. Hence, value is an existing
realization of desire.”
Collectively, the values of a society would be the standards or principles for
which an act is judged to be what is right or wrong, correct or incorrect. As such, it is the
goal set for every member of the community to attain what is desirable. In other words,
values in a society give meaning and direction to every individual’s life and influence his
human behavior.
Based on these definitions, we can say that values are those which are
considered by the society as desirable and important and have attained the status as
moral impetus behind every action of each member geared towards the desired end or
goal.

WHAT ARE FILIPINO VALUES?

Significantly, Filipino values would be the standards or principles set forth by the
Filipino society as basis for what is right or wrong, the principles on which every member
of the Filipino society should persevere to attain in order to reach the ultimate realization
of his life, regarding his person and in relation to his family and society in general.

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SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDYING FILIPINO VALUES

Several studies have been made on Filipino Values. They have always been
interested in examining Filipino values because it influences a Filipino’s behavior in
particular, and shaping the Philippine Society in general. How Filipinos feel and
motivated to do a specific task is directed and evaluated by his set of values. In order to
understand the Filipino culture and the development of the Filipino individual, one has to
understand the underlying values on which every Filipino acts. Thus, a study on the
Filipino values would provide us a deeper understanding of the Filipino culture.
The shaping of the Philippine society into a successful and progressive nation
would depend on understanding and appreciating the positive side of Filipino values and
how they are applied to attain such goal. Thus, it is imperative that a full understanding
and appreciation of the positive side of our very own principles be made and used for
our personal and national success.
The purpose of this chapter, therefore, is to help us understand our Filipino
values to enable us to put the positive side of Filipino values in use and to disregard the
negative ones. Thus, in the end, through the development and use of positive Filipino
values, we may bring out the best in the Filipino society in general and the individual in
particular.

UNDERSTANDING FILIPINO VALUES AND CULTURE

The Filipino society is composed of a mixture of different races and cultures,
many of which influenced the lifestyle and values being practiced in the Philippine
community. Among those who influenced the Filipino culture and values are our
ancestors – the Malays and Indons, our colonists – the Spaniards and the Americans,
and nationals of other countries who have dealt with the Philippine society through trade
– the Chinese and the Indians. The resulting blend of this mixture of influences, which
are sometimes conflicting, is uniquely Filipino in character.
Most of the prominent Filipino values are the result of a blend of the rich Christian
values of Europe, the pragmatic and democratic values of America, and the spiritual
values of Asia.
The basic social unit in the Philippine society is the family. It is here where values
and principles are nurtured and imbibed in each and every member of the family. The
tradition of close family ties has long been practiced and considered as the foundation of
the Philippine society. So much is the effect of this tradition that the members of the
constitutional commission of the 1987 Philippine Constitution deemed it proper to include
it as a State Policy and a chapter of the fundamental law of the land. Thus, Article XV,
Section 1 of the said constitution provides that “The State recognizes the Filipino family
as the foundation of the nation.”
It is in the family that the Filipino individual is introduced to the concept of
structure and hierarchy of power. He is always reminded to submit to the authoritarian
familial set-up, where roles are prescribed especially for younger members of the family.
The Filipino family is structured in a way that autocratic leadership rests on the elder
members, where the young submit themselves to the decision of family elders. He is
indoctrinated of the tradition of primacy of the extended family over that of the individual
and that the only source of emotional, economic, and moral support is the family.
The Filipino individual identifies himself with his family. Right from childhood he is
made to believe that he belongs to the family. The Filipino individual is always
encouraged to get advice from his parents and submit to his parents‟ direction, counsel
and advice. He is admonished to be good because any disgrace that he commits is a
disgrace to the family. In times of misfortune, he is assured of his family’s support,
sympathy and love.
Thus, Filipino society, in contrast with Western societies, prefers a rather
"structured" way of life, and not where he can be assertive of his own individuality.
However, modern era is catching up with the Filipino society. Changes must
occur if the Filipino society is to survive in a changing world. The Filipino society will
have to keep up with the changes brought about by modernization. The society must
prepare itself for a serious reevaluation of its values. In most instances, it will have to
break away from its past and adjust itself towards the future.

FILIPINO CHARACTERISTICS
The characteristic that makes a Filipino vary from different society is his uniquely
blended culture and values from different influences. Filipino values, for reason of

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several influences that shaped its identity, are bipolar like a coin that has two sides.
They may either be positive or negative in polarity. Let us take for example the value of
utang na loob, or debt of gratitude. The value of utang na loob, the altruistic drawing of
interior goodness of a person by returning a debt of gratitude, is by itself positive.
However, when one is coerced to honor a debt of gratitude and return the favor, then it
becomes negative.
Due to this ambivalence of Filipino values, they have the potential of being used
for good or evil. They may either help or hinder personal and national development,
depending on how they are understood or practiced or lived.
In order to shape the Filipino society into a successful and progressive nation,
there is a need to reevaluate the different values that influence every Filipino individual’s
action to a set of circumstances. We need to identify the positive side of every Filipino
value and develop them in order to yield a more successful and developed society.
According to factsanddetails.com and Philippines Australia Business Council,
there are three (3) main traits that underlie the Filipino values and value-orientation
These traits have a strong influence in the behavior and mentality of the Filipinos. These
also have an effect in the Filipinos’ personal beliefs, cultural traditions and practices.

MULTI-SECTORAL ADVISORY BODY (MSAB)

It was created under the Executive Order No. 365 to assist the PNVSCA. It
composed of different government agencies (NEDA, DepED, DFA, DOJ, DILG, DSWD,
CHED and PMS) and representative from the corporate sector, private academe sector
and from the not-for-profit sector.
MSAB functions to provide advice in the formulation of policies and guidelines for
the national volunteer service program, provide consultative and technical advisory
services on volunteer matters, and serves as forum to enhance and strengthen linkages
between and among volunteer groups and communities.

1. Personalism is a Filipino trait wherein they give importance to interpersonal

relations or face-to-face encounters. Filipinos usually extends their work or
services through “personal touch” or handles problem solving through good
personal relations.
2. Familialism focuses on the welfare and interest of the family over those of the
community. The family is the basis of group action and almost all community
activity centers on the family. In decision making, it is the family that decides
rather than the individual on important matters. It takes into consideration the
welfare of the family and not the individual. The family’s honor, not the personal
image, that is at stake when a family member makes a mistake.
3. Particularism relates to the strong family influence on the individual or group
behavior. This is shown when an individual strive to promote their own and their
family’s interest over the community’s interest. Popularity among peers is
prevalent and observable. Thus, Filipinos make special efforts to entertain friends
and relatives. Pakikisama is very important. Conformity to proper codes of
conduct yields rewards of cooperation while non-conformity results to withdrawal
of support.

It is also important to know that there are three (3) main obligations that underlie
the Filipino value orientation namely – relational (pakikipagkapwa), emotional
(damdamin) and moral (karangalan). One or all of these may have influence in Filipinos’
lives and social relationships.
Let us then try to discuss some of the values in the Filipino society and re-
evaluate them to develop a more positive value for the Filipino individual.

A. UTANG NA LOOB
There is no specific translation that can approximate the meaning of this Filipino
value of utang na loob. Debt of gratitude is a lean excuse of a translation because it
does not even approximate the fertile concept of the Filipino loob.
Utang na loob is a situation where an individual is required to return a favor or
service received. However, the return of such service or favor cannot be translated into
monetary equivalent, and may reciprocated in a month of service or even a lifetime.
For example, a congressman proudly gives a town a new chapel, a bridge, or a
waiting shed (no matter whether the money came from his pocket or from the

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government), this makes the people indebted to him. And when elections come, he
recites the litany of his projects and people “ought” to repay these through their votes.
Not to repay this form of debt means that those who were benefited are walang utang na
loob. After having been elected, the people would approach this congressman for return
of the favor by seeking employment for them. Thus, this would end into a vicious cycle,
where the person na pinagkakautangan ng loob becomes the giver and the giver
becomes the person na may utang na loob.
However, utang na loob may be interpreted in a positive outlook. If it is used with
the concept of justice, truth and human dignity, it would reflect the beautiful aspect of the
Filipino character. Thus, this altruistic feeling must voluntarily come from within the
person himself, kusang loob; and should not be demanded by coercing the person who
has utang na loob, so as blind his sense of judgment.
Furthermore, this value should be used discriminately. The pagtatanaw ng utang
na loob should emerge from within the self of an individual with sense of justice so as to
repay the person for the favor or services rendered.
We should always remember that in demanding for the return of indebtedness,
the golden rule “Do unto other as you would want them to do unto you.” By demanding
the return of the favor, would you wish to become indebted in return? And when
indebted, would you want that person to act the same way when they are demanding the
return of the favor?

B. BAHALA NA
Filipinos, by nature, are a religious group of people. They firmly believe in the
supernatural and in all kinds of spirit dwelling in individual persons, places or things.
They believe in a Supreme Being who will take care of things for them. The Filipino is
very religious who has a saint to pray to each day of the week.
The term bahala na comes from the words Bathala na. It reflects the Filipino's
dependence on the supernatural being and on fate. This tends to move toward the
commonly conceived procrastination character of the Filipino.

C. MAÑANA HABIT
Mañana Habit can be traced back in the Spanish colonization era. The term
“Mañana” is a Spanish word that means “tomorrow”. This is a Filipino trait that enforces
procrastination - practice of putting off work to be done in the near future or in the last
minute. This habit is exemplified through the “Mamaya na” or “Bukas na”.

D. NINGAS KUGON
The term Ningas Kugon translates to “burning of cogon grass”. As a Filipino trait,
it means that Filipinos tend to have a strong enthusiasm in the beginning of each work or
endeavor but gradually slows down and lose their drive to work and finish the job. It is
said that in work Filipinos tend to do their job half- baked or leave it unfinished.

E. AMOR PROPIO
As a reinforcement to the Philippine trait of “Hiya” or shame, Filipinos are akin to
the traditional attitude of saving “face”. Amor propio is another Spanish term that means
a sense of self-esteem or self-respect that prevents a person from swallowing his pride.
It also means ego defensiveness or maintaining one’s dignity and personal pride.
According to the Philippines Australia Business Council, amor propio often implies a
vindictive reaction to questioning an individual’s action, integrity, or honor.

F. BAYANIHAN
In an article entitled “Filipino Culture: Bayanihan: The Filipino Value that Must be
Retained”, it describe bayanihan as:
“Bayanihan is a core essence of the Filipino culture. It is helping out one’s
neighbor as a community, and doing a task together, thus lessening the workload and
making the job easier. It is also called the ‘community spirit’. It is best exhibited when
people wish to move locations in the rural area. The traditional Filipino house, the
‘bahay-kubo’, can be moved using wooden poles which are carried from the old place to
the new one. This requires a group of people to lift and carry the house on their
shoulders. Able-bodied men usually participated in such feats, while women stood and
watched, casually chatting and cheering the men on. Afterwards, there will be a small

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gathering as a form of celebration and socialization.” [SOURCE: https://everything-

filipino.com/filipino-culture-bayanihan- the-filipino-value-that-must-be-retained/]

OTHER STRENGTHS OF THE FILIPINO CHARACTER

FILIPINO CHARACTER RESULTS

Pakikipagkapwa-tao Camaraderie and feeling of closeness to one
another; foundation forunity as well as sense of
social justice
Family Oriented Feeling of belongingness and rootedness and a
basic sense of security
Joy and Humor Emotional balance, optimism, a healthy disrespect
for power and office and the capacity to survive
Flexibility and Adaptability Productivity, innovation, entrepreneurship,
equanimity and survival
Hardwork and Industry Productivity and entrepreneurship for some and
survival despite poverty for others
Faith and Religiosity Courage, daring, optimism, inner peace, as well as
the capacity to genuinely accept tragedy and death
Ability to Survive Bravely live through the harshest economic and
social circumstances

OTHER WEAKNESSES OF THE FILIPINO CHARACTER

FILIPINO CHARACTER RESULTS

Extreme Personalism Leads to graft and corruption
Extreme Family Centeredness Lack of concern for the common good and acts as
the block to national consciousness
Lack of Discipline Inefficient and wasteful work systems, violation of
rules leading to more serious transgressions and a
casual work ethics leading to carelessness and lack
of follow- through
Passivity and Lack of Initiative Easily resigned to one’s fate and thus easily
oppressed and exploited
Colonial Mentality Basic feeling of national inferiority that makes it
difficult for them to relate as equal to Westerners
Kanya-kanya Syndrome Dampening of cooperative and community spirit and
in the trampling upon of the rights of others
Lack of Self- Analysis and Self Emphasis on form more than substance
– Reflection

FILIPINO CITIZENSHIP VALUES

The given set of values is inherently within each Filipino. This part of the module
aspires to awaken these values amongst us and hopefully, later on, inspire us to practice
it in our everyday lives. These values, if carried out with one’s heart can serve as a
vehicle and reinforcement towards our goal of realizing social change and progress.
For us to have a better view on the said topic, short stories and activities,
conveying and promoting the said set of values were integrated in this module.

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V. Take-Action

THE BILL OF RIGHTS OF FILIPINOS

A. Critical Thinking
Answer each question below in the space provided (maximum of 1 paragraph per item).
1. What rights are guaranteed (protected) to you as a Filipino citizen and which are
important to you?
2. What responsibilities come with your rights?
3. At what point does the common good of society limit your rights?
4. Do you think you are a responsible citizen? If so, why? If not, why?

B. POSTER MAKING.
THE BASIC VALUES OF THE FILIPINOS (Good Citizenship Clusters)

1. Pagkamaka-Diyos
2. Pagkamakatao
3. Pagkamakabayan
4. Pagkamakakalikasan
5. The Four Good Citizenship Values Center

Direction: Create a poster reflecting the basic values of the Filipinos and summarizes
the good citizenship values clusters.

Rubrics:

VI. Self-Check

A. These reflection exercises have been designed to help you grow in awareness of the
basic values embodied in the Philippine Constitution and to “live and share” them in your
daily life.

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Exercise No. 1: Look at the listing of the basic values in column A in the next page (the
4M and 16BVs). For each basic value, list one or two words that you associate most
closely with the value. For example, for the basic value of love, you may wish to write
compassion, kindness. Use column B for your responses

Exercise No. 2: Having reflected on each of these values, and having stated them in
terms you associate with each one, reflect on which three of the 16 basic values you
consider yourself as having and upholding most consistently in your daily life. Put a
check mark across these three values in the space provided in column C. Reflect on
which three you least consider as being part of you. Put an x mark on these three values
on the space provided also in column C.

Exercise No. 3: Think of five negative features/ situations/ happenings/ development in

Philippine Society which you are most unhappy about. For example, kidnappings. Place
each of these in the space provided for in column D across the basic value which you
consider as being the most directly violated by these features/happenings. In this
example: kidnappings is a violation of the basic value of respect for life.

A B C D
Basic Value of Good Words I Associate Three Most Mine (/) Situation in the
Citizenship with This Basic Value Three Least Mine Philippine Society
(x) which Manifests
Contradiction of this
Basic Value of Good
Citizenship
Maka Diyos
1. Faith in Almighty God

2. Respect for Life

3. Order
4. Work
5. Concern for the
family and future
generations
Makatao
6. Love
7. Freedom
8. Peace
9. Truth
10. Justice
Makabayan
11. Unity
12. Equality
13. Respect for Law and
Government
14. Patriotism
15. Promotion of the
common good
Makakalikasan
16. Concern for the
Environment

VII. Self-Reflect

Look again at the x marks which you placed in column C earlier. Think of which one of
these three basic values you would like to uphold more consciously henceforth. Write
down this basic value in the box below. Write also as a resolution, a specific action
which you will do in this regard.

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Beginning now, I will more consciously live the basic value of: _____________.

I will: ____________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
____________________________.

VIII. Reference

• https://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/blog/2015/8/11/10-ways-youth-can-
make-an-impact.html
• NSTP: Understanding the National Service Training Program by Florida C.
Labuguen, Ed.D, Carmelo John E. Vidal, DA, Alexander I. Ramos, MPA, Ricky
Prisco E. Moralde, MA, Remedios B. Placer, MA, Eden V. Rendorio, MPA, c2018,
Mutya Publishing House, Inc.

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