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Assignment of Business Analytics

Business analytics related docs

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8 views

Assignment of Business Analytics

Business analytics related docs

Uploaded by

Malay Chaklader
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Assignment for Business Analytics

What is R Programming? Describe at least 3 areas or projects in which R programming can be


used. Provide examples for each project that you describe.

R stands out as a powerhouse programming language for data analysis, data science, and
machine learning, thanks to its exceptional environment for statistical computing and graphics.
Its unique features, such as advanced and rapid statistical computing, data modeling, and creating
impactful visualizations, reveal its prowess.
Additional advantages of R:
- Provides Free and Open-Source Access: R is not just a tool, it's a movement. It is freely
available to everyone, and its source code can be modified and distributed without cost. This
open-source nature empowers users to contribute, modify, and distribute R, making it a truly
inclusive platform for data analysis, data science, and machine learning.
Offers Extensive Packages: As of June 2024, R covers a wide array of applications, with nearly
20,000 well-documented data science packages.
R's compatibility with numerous operating systems ensures its versatility and accessibility
across different platforms, making it a preferred choice for data analysis, data science, and
machine learning.
- Boasts Strong Community Support: R is not just a programming language, it's a community.
It is supported by a vibrant online community that is always ready to help and share knowledge.
This community offers extensive resources, forums, and user-contributed packages, making R a
collaborative and supportive environment for data analysis, data science, and machine learning.
Projects in which R programming can be used

Data Analysis Projects


Embarking on any data science project, the first crucial step is data analysis. It's the foundation
for uncovering the current and past state of affairs before delving into predicting future scenarios
using advanced machine learning and deep learning techniques. Data analysis can also be a
standalone task. R offers an extensive array of powerful libraries uniquely tailored for analytical
purposes in both scenarios.With R, you can effortlessly extract data from websites, clean and
manipulate it, visualize and explore its statistics, formulate and test hypotheses, and derive
meaningful insights and patterns from the initial dataset. Among these capabilities, R excels in
statistical analysis and creating stunning visualizations, giving it a competitive edge over its
primary rival, Python. Moreover, aside from R's versatile multipurpose packages, many
specialized modules are designed to tackle various real-world analytical challenges. For
instance:"
fAssets: This package is designed to analyze and model financial assets.
mdapack: This is a medical data analysis package.

GEOmap: This package is used for topographic and geologic mapping.

AeRobiology: This computational tool is for aerobiological data.

galigor: This is a collection of packages for Internet marketing.

lingtypology: This package is used for linguistic typology and mapping.

Additionally, R includes hyper-focused libraries like: nCov2019: This package is designed to


explore COVID-19 statistics.

Example: Analyzing Forest Fire Data


Overview
You can explore factors such as temperature, humidity, and wind speed using R and powerful
data visualization techniques to understand their relationship with fire spread. R can also create
engaging visualizations, including bar charts, box plots, and scatter plots, to reveal trends over
time and across different variables.

Tools and Technologies

 R
 tidyverse (including ggplot2)
 RStudio

Prerequisites

 Working with variables, data types, and data structures in R


 Importing and manipulating data using R data frames
 Creating basic plots using ggplot2 (e.g., bar charts, scatter plots)
 Transforming and preparing data for visualization

Step-by-Step Instructions

1. Load and explore the forest fires dataset using R and tidyverse
2. Process the data, converting relevant columns to appropriate data types (e.g., factors for
month and day)
3. Create bar charts to analyze fire occurrence patterns by month and day of the week
4. Use box plots to explore relationships between environmental factors and fire severity
5. Implement scatter plots to investigate potential outliers and their impact on the analysis
6. Summarize findings and discuss implications for forest fire prevention strategies

Expected Outcomes
Upon completing this project, you'll have gained valuable skills and experience, including:

 Cleaning and preparing real-world ecological data for analysis using R


 Creating various types of plots (bar charts, box plots, scatter plots) using ggplot2
 Interpreting visualizations to identify trends in forest fire occurrence and severity
 Handling outliers and understanding their impact on data analysis and visualization
 Communicating data-driven insights for environmental decision-making

Data Science Projects


R is the ultimate data science-oriented programming language, boasting 19,000+ data science
packages. Beyond the fundamental analytical tasks, R excels in tackling advanced challenges
such as forecasting and modeling uncharted data realms. With R, one can:
1. Harness the Potential of Feature Selection: Elevate your model's performance by cherry-
picking relevant features from the dataset.
2. Dive into Versatile Machine Learning Tasks: Seamlessly execute all forms of machine
learning—from supervised, semi-supervised, and unsupervised to reinforcement learning, and
delve into deep learning tasks.
3. Embrace a Plethora of Methods: Apply a diverse array of machine learning methods,
spanning classification, regression, clustering, natural language processing (NLP), and artificial
neural networks (ANN).
4. Validate Model Accuracy: Ensure unwavering reliability by estimating the accuracy of
different models.
In addition to the well-known data science packages (think caret, naivebayes, randomForest,
deepNN, and more), a plethora of highly specialized libraries.
1. OenoKPM: Model the kinetics of CO2 production in alcoholic fermentation.
2. fHMM: Tailor hidden Markov models to financial data.
3. paleopop: Embrace a pattern-oriented modeling framework for coupled niche-population
paleo-climatic models.
4. ibdsim2: Simulate chromosomal regions shared by family members.
5. rSHAPE: Dive into simulating the evolution of haploid asexual populations.

Example Predicting Apartment Sale Prices


Overview
In this project, we will analyze New York City apartment sales data to predict prices based on
property size. We will clean and explore the dataset using R and linear regression modeling
techniques, visualize relationships between variables, and build predictive models. Additionally,
we'll compare model performance across NYC's five boroughs (Manhattan, Brooklyn, Queens,
The Bronx, and Staten Island), gaining valuable experience in real estate data analysis and
statistical modeling. This project will help strengthen your skills in data cleaning, exploratory
analysis, and interpreting regression results in a practical business context.

Tools and Technologies

 R
 tidyverse
 Linear regression
 ggplot2

Prerequisites

Familiarity with linear regression modeling in R and experience with:

 Data manipulation and cleaning using tidyverse functions


 Creating scatterplots and other visualizations with ggplot2
 Fitting and interpreting linear regression models in R
 Evaluating model performance using metrics like R-squared and RMSE
 Basic understanding of real estate market dynamics

Step-by-Step Instructions

1. Load and clean the NYC apartment sales dataset


2. Perform exploratory data analysis, visualizing relationships between property size and
sale price
3. Identify and handle outliers that may impact model performance
4. Build a linear regression model for all NYC boroughs combined
5. Create separate models for each borough and compare their performance
6. Interpret results and conclude price prediction across different areas of NYC

Expected Outcomes

Upon completing this project, you'll have gained valuable skills and experience, including:

 Cleaning and preparing real estate data for analysis in R


 Visualizing and interpreting relationships between property features and prices
 Building and comparing linear regression models across different market segments
 Evaluating model performance and understanding limitations in real estate price
prediction
 Translating statistical results into actionable insights for real estate analysis

Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Projects

R is a valuable asset for statistics and business analytics and equally useful for modern biology,
such as Genomics. Genomics stands at the forefront of cutting-edge biological research, delving
into the intricate structure, function, evolution, and mapping of genomes. In the face of this
challenging frontier, R has emerged as a powerful ally, offering a wealth of packages and robust
data handling capabilities that make it the go-to choice for genomics analysis.

Example RNA Sequencing Analysis

Installation and Setup

Before we can begin, we need to install R and Bioconductor. Bioconductor is a free software
project that provides tools for analyzing and comprehending high-throughput genomic data.

# Install R
sudo apt-get install r-base

# Install Bioconductor
source("https://bioconductor.org/biocLite.R")
biocLite()
Importing Genomic Data

Once the setup is complete, we can start by importing genomic data. In R, we use the read.table()
function to read data into a data frame.

# Import data
data <- read.table("genomic_data.txt", header=TRUE)
Visualizing Genomic Data

R offers various packages for visualizing genomic data, one of the most popular of which is the
'ggplot2' package.

# Install ggplot2
install.packages("ggplot2")

# Load ggplot2
library(ggplot2)

# Plot data
ggplot(data, aes(x=Position, y=Value)) + geom_line()
Performing Genomic Analysis
R provides a wide range of functions for genomic analysis. Let's perform a simple gene
expression analysis using the 'DESeq2' package.

# Install DESeq2
source("https://bioconductor.org/biocLite.R")
biocLite("DESeq2")

# Load DESeq2
library(DESeq2)

# Perform gene expression analysis


dds <- DESeqDataSetFromMatrix(countData = data, colData = coldata, design = ~ condition)
dds <- DESeq(dds)

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