Chapter 2

Due: 8:00am on Saturday, October 26, 2024

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Exercise 2.3 - Enhanced - with Feedback

You normally drive from Glasgow to Edinburgh via M8 motorway at an average speed of 72 km/h and the trip
takes 1 h and 2 min. At peak times, however, heavy traffic slows you down and you drive the same distance at
an average speed of only 45 km/h.

Part A
How much longer does the trip take?

Express your answer in minutes.

ANSWER:

t= min

Exercise 2.4

Starting from a pillar, you run a distance 200 m east (the +x-direction) at an average speed of 5.0 m/s, and
then run a distance 280 m west at an average speed of 4.0 m/s to a post.
Part A
Calculate your average speed from pillar to post.

Express your answer in meters per second.

ANSWER:

vav = m/s

Part B
Calculate your average velocity from pillar to post.

Express your answer in meters per second.

ANSWER:

vav−x = m/s
 Exercise 2.7 - Enhanced - with Solution

A car is stopped at a traffic light. It then travels along a straight road so that its distance from the light is
given by x (t) = bt2 − ct3 , where 2.50 m/s2 and c = 0.130 m/s3 .

For related problemsolving tips and strategies, you may want to view a Video Tutor Solution of Average and
instantaneous velocities.

Part A

Calculate the average velocity of the car for the time interval t = 0 to t =10.0 s.

Express your answer in meters per second.

ANSWER:

vav = m/s

Part B

Calculate the instantaneous velocity of the car at t = 0 .

Express your answer in meters per second.

ANSWER:

v= m/s

Part C
Calculate the instantaneous velocity of the car at t = 5.00 s.

Express your answer in meters per second.

ANSWER:

v= m/s

Part D
Calculate the instantaneous velocity of the car at t =10.0 s.

Express your answer in meters per second.

ANSWER:

v= m/s

Part E
How long after starting from rest is the car again at rest?

Express your answer in seconds.

ANSWER:

t= s

Exercise 2.24

A car sits in an entrance ramp to a freeway, waiting for a break in the traffic. Then the driver accelerates with
constant acceleration along the ramp and onto the freeway. The car starts from rest, moves in a straight line,
and has a speed of 18 m/s when it reaches the end of the 130-m-long ramp.
Part A
What is the acceleration of the car?

Express your answer in meters per second squared.

ANSWER:

a= m/s2

Part B
How much time does it take the car to travel the length of the ramp?

Express your answer in seconds.

ANSWER:

t= s

Part C

The traffic on the freeway is moving at a constant speed of 18 m/s. What distance does the traffic travel while
the car is moving the length of the ramp?

Express your answer in meters.

ANSWER:

L= m

Exercise 2.29
The graph in

Tap image to zoom

shows the velocity of a motorcycle police officer plotted as a function of time.

Part A

Find the instantaneous acceleration at t = 3 s.

Express your answer in meters per second squared.

ANSWER:

a= m/s2

Part B

Find the instantaneous acceleration at t = 7 s.

Express your answer in meters per second squared to two significant figures.

ANSWER:

a= m/s2

Part C

Find the instantaneous acceleration at t = 11 s.

Express your answer in meters per second squared to two significant figures.

ANSWER:

a= m/s2

Part D
How far does the officer go in the first 5 s?

Express your answer in meters to two significant figures.

ANSWER:

x= m

Part E
How far does the officer go in the first 9 s?

Express your answer in meters to two significant figures.

ANSWER:

x= m

Part F
How far does the officer go in the first 13 s?

Express your answer in meters to two significant figures.

ANSWER:

x= m

Exercise 2.42

A hot-air balloonist, rising vertically with a constant velocity of magnitude v = 5.00 m/s, releases a sandbag at
an instant when the balloon is a height h = 40.0 m above the ground

. After it is released, the sandbag is in free fall. For the questions that follow, take the origin of the coordinate
system used for measuring displacements to be at the ground, and upward displacements to be positive.
 Tap image to zoom

Part A
Compute the position of the sandbag at a time 0.265 s after its release.

Express your answer in meters.

ANSWER:

y= m

Part B
Compute the magnitude of the velocity of the sandbag at a time 0.265 s after its release.

Express your answer in meters per second.

ANSWER:

v= m/s

Part C
Determine the direction of the velocity of the sandbag at a time 0.265 s after its release.

ANSWER:

upward

downward

Part D
Compute the position of the sandbag at a time 1.40 s after its release.

Express your answer in meters.

ANSWER:

y= m

Part E
Compute the magnitude of the velocity of the sandbag at a time 1.40 s after its release.

Express your answer in meters per second.

ANSWER:

v= m/s

Part F
Determine the direction of the velocity of the sandbag at a time 1.40 s after its release.

ANSWER:

upward

downward

Part G
Complete previous part(s)

Part H
Complete previous part(s)

Part I
Complete previous part(s)

Problem 2.65

A car and a truck start from rest at the same instant, with the car initially at some distance behind the truck.
The truck has a constant acceleration of 2.10 m/s2 and the car an acceleration of 3.40 m/s2 . The automobile
overtakes the truck after the truck has moved 60.0 m.
Part A
How much time does it take the car to overtake the truck?

Express your answer with the appropriate units.

ANSWER:

t=

Part B
How far was the car behind the truck initially?

Express your answer with the appropriate units.

ANSWER:

d=

Part C
What is the speed of the truck when they are abreast?

Express your answer with the appropriate units.

ANSWER:

vtruck =

Part D
What is the speed of the car when they are abreast?

Express your answer with the appropriate units.

ANSWER:

vcar =

Part E
Complete previous part(s)

Exercise 2.47

Part A
You throw a small rock straight up from the edge of a highway bridge that crosses a river. The rock passes you
on its way down, 9.00 s after it was thrown. What is the speed of the rock just before it reaches the water
22.0 m below the point where the rock left your hand? Ignore air resistance.

Express your answer with the appropriate units.

ANSWER:

v=

Problem 2.62

The engineer of a passenger train traveling at 25.0 m/s sights a freight train whose caboose is 200 m ahead
on the same track. The freight train is traveling at 15.0 m/s in the same direction as the passenger train. The
engineer of the passenger train immediately applies the brakes, causing a constant acceleration of
-0.100 m/s2 , while the freight train continues with constant speed. Take x = 0 at the location of the front of
the passenger train when the engineer applies the brakes.

Tap image to zoom

Part A
Will the cows nearby witness a collision?

ANSWER:

yes

no
Part B
If so, where will it take place?

Express your answer in meters.

ANSWER:

x= m

Problem 2.63

A ball starts from rest and rolls down a hill with uniform acceleration, traveling 100 m during the second 4.5 s
of its motion.

Part A
How far did it roll during the first 4.5 s of motion?

Express your answer with the appropriate units.

ANSWER:

d=

Problem 2.70

You are on the roof of the physics building, 46.0 m above the ground

. Your physics professor, who is 1.80 m tall, is walking

alongside the building at a constant speed of 1.20 m/s.

Tap image to zoom

Part A
If you wish to drop an egg on your professor's head, how far from the building should the professor be when
you release the egg? Assume that the egg is in free fall.

Express your answer in meters.

ANSWER:

x= m
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