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Homework 3

assignment for math

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25 views2 pages

Homework 3

assignment for math

Uploaded by

saurabhgodara02
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Math 271: Mathematical Methods Tridip Ray

Semester I, 2024-25 ISI, Delhi

Homework 3 (Class Test on 23 September)

1. Suppose that fxn g is a sequence of real numbers that converges to x0 and that all xn
and x0 are nonzero.

(a) Prove that there is a positive number B such that jxn j B for all n:
1 1
(b) Using (a), prove that converges to :
xn x0

2. Let fxn g and fyn g be convergent sequences of real numbers with limits x and y;
xn
respectively. Suppose that all yn and y are nonzero. Show that the sequence
yn
x
converges to :
y
3. A sequence of real numbers fxn g is increasing if xn+1 xn for all n. It is bounded
above if there exists B 2 R such that xn B for all n: Prove that if fxn g is increasing
and bounded above, then it converges to its smallest upper bound.

4. Cauchy Sequence: A sequence of real numbers fxn g is a Cauchy sequence if for any
> 0 there is an integer N such that for all i; j N; jxi xj j < :

(a) Prove that any convergent sequence of real numbers is a Cauchy sequence.
(b) Suppose fyn g is a Cauchy sequence of real numbers. Prove that there exists a
real number B > 0 such that jyn j B; for all n:
(c) Prove that if a Cauchy sequence fxn g has a subsequence converging to y; then
the whole sequence converges to y:

5. Show that a convergent sequence in Rn can have only one accumulation point, and
therefore only one limit.

1
6. For each of the following subsets in R2 ; draw the set, state whether it is open, closed,
or neither, and justify your answer brie‡y:

(a) f(x; y) 2 <2 : 1 < x < 1; y = 0g ;


(b) f(x; y) 2 <2 : x and y are integersg ;
(c) f(x; y) 2 <2 : x + y = 1g ;
(d) f(x; y) 2 <2 : x + y < 1g ;
(e) f(x; y) 2 <2 : x = 0 or y = 0g :

7. Show that if x 2 int S and fxn g is a sequence converging to x; then xn 2 S for all
su¢ ciently large n:

8. (a) Prove that any …nite set of real numbers is a closed set.
(b) Prove that the set of integers is a closed set.
1
9. Consider the set in R consisting of all numbers of the form ; where n = 1; 2; 3; ::: :
n
Explain clearly whether this set is closed or open or neither.

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