Additional part of the Main Practice Book 1

Chapter-wise Exam Preparation

Creative Essay Type
Chapter One: Set and Function Chapter Two: Algebraic Expression
Ques.21 Barishal Board-2017  Ques. No.-1 Ques.28 Cumilla Board-2019  Ques. No.-1
2 3 2
E = {x : x  Ñ and x  (a + b)x + ab = 0, a, b  Ñ}, F = {3, P(x) = 18x – 15x – x + 2.
4} and G = {4, 5, 6} a. Show that, 3x + 1 is a factor of P(x). 2
a. Find the elements of the set E. 2 b. If P(x) yields the same remainder upon division by (x
b. Prove that, P(F  G) = P(F)  P(G). 4 – m) and (x – n), then show that, 18m2 + 18mn
+ 18n2 – 15m – 15n – 1 = 0. 4
c. Show that, E  (F  G) = (E  F)  (E  G). 4 3x – 2
Solution to the question no. 21 c. Express into partial fractions. 4
P(x)

a Given, Solution to the question no. 28
E = {x : x  Ñ and x2  (a + b)x + ab = 0, a, b  Ñ} a Given, P(x) = 18x3 15x2 x + 2

Here, x2  (a + b)x + ab = 0 1 1 3 1 2 1
Now, P  = 18   15    + 2
or, x2  ax  bx + ab = 0  3  3  3  3
or, x(x  a)  b(x  a) = 0 18 15 1
=  + +2=0
or, (x  a)(x  b) = 0 27 9 3
1
 x = a, b  x +  or (3x + 1) is a factor of P(x). (Showed)
 3
 E = {a, b}
The elements of the set E are a and b. (Ans.) 
b P(x) while divided by (x  m) gives remainder of
P(m) = 18m3 15m2 m + 2

b Given, F = {3, 4} and G = {4, 5, 6} While divided by (x  n)
Here, F  G = {3, 4}  {4, 5, 6} = {4} P(n) = 18n3 15n2 n + 2
Now, P(F) = {{3, 4}, {3}, {4}, } According to question, P(m) = P(n)
And P(G) = {{4, 5, 6}, {4, 5}, {4, 6}, {5, 6}, {4}, or, 18m3 15m2 m + 2 = 18n3 15n2 n + 2
{5}, {6}, } or, 18m3 15m2 m  18n3 + 15n2 + n = 0
L.H.S. = P(F  G) = {{4}, } or, 18m3 18n3 15m2 + 15n2 m + n = 0
And R.H.S. = P(F)  P(G) or, 18(m  n) (m2 + mn + n2)  15(m + n)
= {{3, 4}, {3}, {4}, }  {{4, 5, 6}, {4, 5}, {4, 6}, (m n)  (m n) = 0
{5, 6}, {4}, {5}, {6}, } or, (m  n) (18m2 + 18mn + 18n2 15m  15n  1) = 0
= {{4}, } 18m2 + 18mn + 18n2 15m  15n  1 = 0 [ m  n].
(Showed)
 P(F  G) = P(F)  P(G) (Proved)

c From ‘a’, (3x + 1) is a factor of P(x)

c Given, F = {3, 4} and G = {4, 5, 6}  P(x) = 18x3 15x2 x + 2
From ‘a’ we get, E = {a, b} = 18x3 + 6x2 21x2 7x + 6x + 2
Here, F  G = {3, 4}  {4, 5, 6} = {3, 4, 5, 6} = 6x2(3x + 1)  7x(3x + 1) + 2(3x + 1)
E  F = {a, b}  {3, 4} = (3x + 1) (6x2 7x + 2)
= {(a, 3), (a, 4), (b, 3), (b, 4)} = (3x + 1) (6x2 4x  3x + 2)
And E  G = {a, b}  {4, 5, 6} = (3x + 1) {2x(3x  2)  1(3x  2)}
= {(a, 4), (a, 5), (a, 6), (b, 4), (b, 5), (b, 6)} = (3x + 1) (3x  2) (2x  1)
Now, L.H.S. = E  (F  G) 3x  2 3x  2 1
 = =
= {a, b}  {3, 4, 5, 6} P(x) (3x + 1) (3x  2) (2x  1) (3x + 1) (2x  1)
= {(a, 3), (a, 4), (a, 5), (a, 6), (b, 3), (b, 4), (b, 5), (b, 6)} 1 A B
Let,  + ........ (i)
And R.H.S. = (E  F)  (E  G) (3x + 1) (2x  1) 3x + 1 2x  1
= {(a, 3), (a, 4), (b, 3), (b, 4)}  {(a, 4), (a, 5), (a, 6), On both sides of (i) multiuplying (3x + 1) (2x  1),
(b, 4), (b, 5), (b, 6)} 1  A(2x  1) + B(3x + 1) ............... (ii)
(ii) is true for all values of x. On both sides of (ii)
= {(a, 3), (a, 4), (a, 5), (a, 6), (b, 3), (b, 4), (b, 5), (b, 6)}
1 1
 E  (F  G) = (E  F)  (E  G) (Showed) putting x = , we get,
3 2
2

1 1 x2 + x –1
If x =  , 1 = A 2.   1 + 0 =
3  3  x (x –2) (x + 3)
5 x2 + x – 1 A B C
or,1 =  A Let,  + + .......(i)
3 x (x –2) (x + 3) x x –2 x+3
3 Multiplying both sides of (i) by x (x – 2) (x + 3) we get,
or, A = 
5 x2 + x – 1  A(x –2) (x + 3) + Bx (x + 3)
1 1 + Cx (x –2) ... ... (ii)
Again, If x = , 1 = 0 + B 3 . + 1
2  2  Putting the value x = 0 in (ii) we get,
5 – 1 = A. (– 2).3
or,1 = B
2 or, – 6A = –1
2 1
or, B = A=
5 6
Now putting the values of A and B in (i) Putting the value x = 2 in (ii) we get,
3x  2 3 2 22 + 2 – 1 = A (2 – 2) (2 + 3) + B. 2. (2 + 3) + C. 2 (2 – 2)
 = + (Ans.)
P(x) 5(3x + 1) 5(2x  1) or, 4 + 2 – 1 = B. 2. 5
or, 10B = 5
Ques.29 Cumilla Board-2017  Ques. No.-2
1
B=
P(x) = 18x3 + 15x2 – x + a, Q(x) = x3 + x2 – 6x are two 2
algebraic equation. Putting the value x = – 3 in (ii) we get,
a. Resolve into factors of Q (x). 2 (–3)2 + (–3) –1 = A (–3 –2) (–3+ 3) + B. (–3) (–3+ 3)
b. Find the value of a, if (3x + 2) is a factor of the + C. (–3) (–3–2)
polynomial P (x). 4 or, 9 –3 –1 = C. (–3) (–5)
x2 + x − 1 or, 15C = 5
c. Express the partial fractions of . 4
Q(x) 1
C=
3
Solution to the question no. 29
Now, putting the values of A, B and C in (i) we get,

a Given, 1 1 1
Q(x) = x3 + x2 – 6x 2
x + x –1 6 2 3
= x(x2 + x – 6) = +
x (x –2) (x + 3) x x  2 x + 3
+
= x (x2 + 3x – 2x – 6) 1 1 1
= x {x (x + 3) – 2 (x + 3)} = + +
6x 2 (x –2) 3 (x + 3)
= x (x + 3) (x – 2) (Ans.) Which is the required partial fraction. (Ans.)
b Given, P(x) = 18x3 + 15x2 – x + a

Since (3x + 2) is a factor of P(x). So, if P(x) is Ques.30 Jashore Board-2017  Ques. No.-2
divided by (3x + 2) the remainder will be zero. That is- P(x) = x3 – 6x2 + 11x – 6.
2
P−  = 0 a. Determine the ratio of degree and leading co-
 3 efficient of P(x). 2
2 3 2 2 2
or, 18 −  + 15 −  – −  + a = 0 b. If the remainders of P(x) upon division by x –
 3  3  3 m and x – n are same where m  n, then show
8 4 2 that, m2 + mn + n2–6m–6n + 11 = 0. 4
or, – 18 . + 15 . + + a = 0
27 9 3
x3
16 20 2 c. Express as partial fractions. 4
or, – + + + a = 0 P(x)
3 3 3
16 20 2 Solution to the question no. 30
or, a = – –
3 3 3 a Given, P(x) = x3 – 6x2 + 11x – 6

16 − 20 − 2 Here, maximum power of variable x = 3
or, a =
3 Ô The degree of P(x) = 3
−6 And leading coefficient of P(x) = 1
or, a =
3 Ô The ratio of degree and leading coefficient of P(x)
 a = – 2 (Ans.) = 3 : 1 (Ans.)
x2 + x  1 x2 + x – 1 x2 + x – 1 
b If P(x) is divided by (x – m) the remainder will be P(m)

c = 3 2 =
Q(x) x + x – 6x x (x2 + x – 6)  P(m) = m3 – 6m2 + 11m – 6
 3

And if P(x) is divided by (x – n) the remainder will Ques.31 Barishal Board-2017  Ques. No.-2
be P(n)
(x) = 18x3 + 15x2  x + c, g(x) = x2  4x  7
 P(n) = n3  6n2 + 11n – 6
and h(x) = x3  x2  10x  8 are three polynomials of
According to question, P(m) = P(n)
variable x.
or, m3 – 6m2 + 11m – 6 = n3 – 6n2 + 11n – a. Resolve h(x) into factors. 2
 or, m3 – n3 – 6m2 + 6n2 + 11m – 11n = 0 b. If (3x + 2) is a factor of f(x), find the value of c. 4
or, (m – n) (m2 + mn + n2) – 6(m +n) (m – n) g(x)
+ 11(m – n) = 0 c. Express as partial fractions. 4
h(x)
or, (m – n) (m2 + mn + n2 – 6m – 6n + 11) = 0
Solution to the question no. 31
Ô m2 + mn + n2 – 6m – 6n + 11 = 0 [‹ m  n, so m
– n  0] (Showed) a Given, h(x) = x3  x2  10x  8

If x = –1, then h(–1) = 0.
x3
 c Given, Therefore (x + 1) is a factor of h(x).
p(x)
 h(x) = x3  x2  10x  8
x3
= 3 2
x – 6x + 11x – 6 = x3 + x2  2x2  2x  8x  8
= x2(x + 1)  2x(x + 1)  8(x + 1)
Now, x3 – 6x2 + 11x – 6
= (x + 1) (x2 – 2x – 8)
= x3 – x2 – 5x2 + 5x + 6x – 6
= (x + 1) (x2  4x + 2x  8)
= x2(x – 1) – 5x (x – 1) + 6 (x – 1)
= (x + 1) {x(x  4) + 2(x  4)}
= (x – 1) (x2 – 5x + 6)
= (x + 1) (x + 2) (x  4) (Ans.)
= (x – 1) (x – 2) (x – 3)
x3 x3 b Given, f(x) = 18x3 + 15x2  x + c

 = 2
p(x) (x – 1) (x – 2) (x – 3)
Since (3x + 2) is a factor of f(x), f 
x3 – 6x2 + 11x – 6 + 6x2 – 11x + 6  3 = 0
= 2 2 3 2 2 2
(x – 1) (x – 2) (x – 3) Here, f   = 18  + 15     + c
x – 6x2 + 11x – 6
3
6x2 – 11x + 6  3  3  3  3
= 3 2 + 8 4 2 16 20 2
x – 6x + 11x – 6 (x – 1) (x – 2) (x – 3) =  18. + 15. + + c =  + + +c
6x2 – 11x + 6 27 9 3 3 3 3
=1+  16 + 20 + 2 + 3c 6 + 3c
(x – 1) (x – 2) (x – 3) = =
So, Let, 3 3
2
6x2 – 11x + 6 A B C According to condition, f   = 0
 +
(x – 1) (x – 2) (x – 3) x – 1 x – 2 x – 3
+ ...... (1)  3
6 + 3c
Multiplying (x – 1) (x – 2) (x – 3) to both side of (1) or, =0
3
We get,
or, 6 + 3c = 0
6x2 – 11 x + 6  A (x – 2) (x – 3) + B (x – 1) (x – 3)
 c =  2 (Ans.)
+ C (x – 1) (x – 2) ............ (2)
Putting x = 1, 2, 3 Sequentially we get, c Given, g(x) = x2 – 4x – 7

6 – 11 + 6 = A (1 – 2) (1 – 3) + B.0 + C.0 From 'a' we get,
or, 1 = 2A h(x) = (x + 1) (x + 2) (x  4)
1 g(x) x2  4x  7
A=  =
2 h(x) (x + 1) (x + 2) (x  4)
And, 24 – 22 + 6 = A.0 + B (2 – 1) (2 – 3) + C.0 x2  4x  7
 is a proper fraction.
or, 8 = – B (x + 1) (x + 2) (x  4)
B=–8 x2  4x  7 A B C
Let,  + + .. ... (i)
And, 54 – 33 + 6 = A.0 + B.0 + C (3 – 1) (3 – 2) (x + 1) (x + 2) (x  4) x + 1 x + 2 x  4
or, 27 = 2C Multiplying both sides of (i) by (x + 1) (x + 2) (x  4)
27 we get,
 C=
2 x2  4x  7  A(x + 2) (x  4) + B(x + 1) (x  4)
So, Putting the value of A, B, C in (i) we get, + C(x + 1) (x + 2) ........... (ii)
The equation (ii) is true for all values of x.
6x2 – 11x + 6 1 –8 27
= + + Putting x =  1 in equation (ii) we get,
(x – 1) (x – 2) (x – 3) 2(x–1) x – 2 2(x–3)
x3 1 8 27 1 + 4  7 = A(1 + 2) (1  4)
 =1+ – + (Ans.) 2
P(x) 2(x – 1) x – 2 2(x – 3) Or,  2 = A(5)  A =
5
4

Putting x =  2 in equation (ii) we get, Substituting the value of a =  1 in equation (ii) we get,
4 + 8  7 = B(2 + 1) (2  4) 2(–1) = A (1 + 1)2
5 or, – 2 = 4A
Or, 5 = B(1) ( 6)  B =
6 2
or, A = –
Putting x = 4 in equation (ii) we get, 4
16  16  7 = C(4 + 1) (4 + 2) 1
A=–
7 2
Or,  7 = C(5) (6)  C = 
30 From (ii).
Now putting the values of A, B, C in equation (i) we get, 2a  A(a4 + 2a2 + 1) + (Ba + C) (a3 + a + a2 + 1)
+ Da2 + Da + Ea + E
x2  4x  7 2 5 7
 +  or, 2a  Aa4 + 2Aa2 + A + Ba4 + Ba2 + Ba3 + Ba + Ca3 +
(x + 1) (x + 2) (x  4) 5(x + 1) 6(x + 2) 30(x  4)
Ca + Ca2 + C + Da2 + Da + Ea + E
Which is the required partial fraction. (Ans.)
 2a = (A + B)a4 + (B + C)a3 + (2A + B + C +
Ques.32 Dhaka Board-2016  Ques. No.-2 D)a2 + (B + C + D + E)a + (A + C + E)
Equating the coefficients of a4, a3, a2 and a we get,
(a) = a3 + 5a2 + 6a + 8 and
2a A+B=0
g(a) = are two algebrical expressions. 1 1
(a + 1) (a2 + 1)2 or, – + B = 0 [A = – ]
2 2
a. Find the value of (–3). 2
1
b. If (a) yields the same remainder upon division B=
2
by x – p and x – q where p  q, show that
Again, B + C = 0
p2 + q2 + pq + 5p + 5q + 6 = 0. 4
1
c. Express g(a) as a sum of partial fractions. 4 or, + C = 0
2
Solution to the question no. 32 1
C=–

a Given, 2
f(a) = a3 + 5a2 + 6a + 8 Again, 2A + B + C + D = 0
 f(–3) = (–3)3 + 5.(–3)2 + 6.(–3) + 8 1 1 1
or, 2. –  + – +D=0
= –27 + 45 – 18 + 8  2 2 2
= 53 – 45 or, – 1 + D = 0
= 8 (Ans.) D=1

b Given, Again, B + C + D + E = 2
f(a) = a3 + 5a2 + 6a + 8 1 1
or, – + 1 + E = 2
If we divide f(a) by (x – p) the remainder will be f(p) 2 2
 f(p) = p3 + 5p2 + 6p + 8 or, E = 2 – 1
Again, If we divide f(a) by (x  q) the remainder  E=1
will be f(q). Now, substituting the values of A, B, C, D and E in
 f(q) = q3 + 5q2 + 6q + 8 (i) we get,
According to the question f(p) = f(q) 1 1 1
– a–
or, p3 + 5p2 + 6p + 8 = q3 + 5q2 + 6q + 8 2a 2 2 2 a+1
= + 2 +
or, p3 – q3 + 5(p2 – q2) + 6(p – q) = 0 (a + 1)(a2 + 1)2 a + 1 a + 1 (a2 + 1)2
or, (p – q) (p2 + pq + q2) + 5(p + q) (p – q) + 6(p – q) = 0 1 a –1 a+1
=– + +
or, (p – q) (p2 + pq + q2 + 5p + 5q + 6) = 0 2(a + 1) 2 (a2 + 1) (a2 + 1)2
Since p  q, therefore p – q  0 Which is the desired partial fractions. (Ans.)
 p2 + pq + q2 + 5p + 5q + 6 = 0 (Showed) Ques.33 Chattogram Board-2016  Ques. No.-1

c Given,
p(x) = x3 + x2 – 6x and (x) = x2 – 9x – 6 are two functions.
2a
g(a) = a. Find the remainder by using remainder theorem
(a + 1)(a2 + 1)2
2a A Ba + C Da + E when (x) is divided by (x + 3). 2
 + 2 + ..... (i) b. If p(x) yields the same remainder upon division
(a + 1) (a2 + 1)2 a + 1 a + 1 (a2 + 1)2
Multiplying both sides by (a + 1) (a2 + 1)2 in equation (i) by (x – a) and (x – b) where a  b, then show
we get, that a2 + ab + b2 + a + b = 6. 4
2a  A (a2 + 1)2 + (Ba + C) (a + 1) (a2 + 1) (x)
c. Express into partial fractions. 4
+ (Da + E) (a + 1) ...... (ii) p(x)
 5

Solution to the question no. 33 Chapter Three: Geometry


a Given, Ques.42 Rajshahi Board-2019  Ques. No.-6
f(x) = x2  9x  6
M
Now, if we divide f(x) by (x + 3) the remainder will
be f( 3). R Q
 f( 3) = ( 3)2  9( 3)  6 = 9 + 27  6 E
= 30 (Ans.) N
O S
P

b Given,
This figure P, Q, R and O are the middle points of the
p(x) = x3 + x2  6x
sides OS, MS, MO and NS respectively.
If we divide p(x) by (x  a) and (x  b) the
remainder will be p(a) and p(b) respectively. a. If PE = 3 cm, then find the value of PM, 2
According to the question. 1
b. Prove that, MO2 + NO2 = (MN2 + MS2). 4
p(a) = p(b) 2
or, a3 + a2  6a = b3 + b2  6b c. From MOS, prove that, 3(ME2 + OE2 + SE2)
or, a3  b3 + a2  b2  6(a  b) = 0 = MO2 + MS2 + SO2. 4
or, (a  b)(a2 + ab + b2) + (a + b)(a  b)  6(a  b) = 0 Solution to the question no. 42
or, (a  b) (a2 + ab + b2 + a + b  6) = 0 
a We know, the centroid of the triangle divides the
or, a2 + ab + b2 + a + b  6 = 0 medians by 2 : 1
[Since a  b therefore a  b  0]
 ME : PE = 2 : 1
 a2 + ab + b2 + a + b = 6 (Showed)
ME 2
f(x) x2  9x  6 x2 – 9x – 6 or, =
PE 1

c = 3 =
p(x) x + x2  6x x(x2 + x – 6) ME + PE 2 + 1
or, = [Componendo]
x2 – 9x – 6 PE 1
= 2
PM 3
x(x + 3x – 2x – 6)
or, =
f(x) x2  9x  6 PE 1
 =
p(x) x(x  2)(x + 3) or, PM = 3  3 c.m.
x2  9x  6 A B C  PM = 9 c.m.
Suppose,  + + ....... (i)
x(x  2)(x + 3) x x  2 x + 3 
b
Multiplying both sides by x(x  2) (x + 3) in (i) we get, M M

x2  9x  6  A(x  2)(x + 3) + Bx(x + 3) + Cx(x  2) ..... (ii)

Which is true for all values of x.
Now putting the value of x = 0 is both sides of (ii)
we get, N
O T S N O S T
0  0  6 = A(0  2)(0 + 3) + 0 + 0 Fig(1) Fig(2)
or,  6 =  6A
A=1 Let, in MNS, MO is the median.
Again, putting the value of x = 2 both sides in (ii)
1
we get, Prove that, MO2 + NO2 = (MN2 + MS2)
2
22  9.2  6 = 0 + B.2(2 + 3) + 0
Drawing: Draw MT perpendicular on NS or on the
or,  20 = 10B
extension of NS from M
B=2
Proof : In MNO, MON is obtuse angle and the
Putting the value of x =  3 in both sides of (ii) we
orthogonal projection of MO on the extension of
get,
( 3)2  9.( 3)  6 = 0 + 0 + C( 3)( 3 – 2) NO is OT(In both figure)
or, 30 = 15C  MN2 = MO2 + NO2 + 2NO.OT..... (i)
C=2 Again, In MOS, MOS is acute angle and the
Putting the value of A, B, C in (i) we get, orthogonal projection of MO on OS (Fig-1) and on
x2  9x  6 1 2 2 the extension of OS (Fig-2) is OT.
=  +
x(x  2)(x + 3) x x  2 x + 3  MS2 = MO2 + SO2 2SO. OT
Which is the required fractions. (Ans.) or, MS2 = MO2 + NO2 2NO. OT [NO = SO] ... ... (ii)
6

Adding equation (i) and (ii) we get, Ques.43 Chattogram Board-2019  Ques. No.-4
MN2 + MS2 = MO2 + NO2 + 2NO. OT + MO2 + P

NO2 2NO.OT
 MN2 + MS2 = 2MO2 + 2NO2
= 2(MO2 + NO2)
1
 MO2 + NO2 = (MN2 + MS2). (Proved) O Q R
2
POR and OPR = 90Ø.
c Special Nomination: Let, in a. The length of three medians of POR are 3 cm,
M
MOS, the medians MP, OQ 4 cm and 5 cm respectively then find the length
and SR have intersected each R Q of the hypotenuse OR. 2
E
other at E b. Prove that, PR2 = PO2 + OR2 – 2OR.OQ. 4
Prove that, MO2 + OS2 + MS2 = c. 2
Prove that, PQ = OQ.QR. 4
3 (EM2 + EO2 + ES2) O P S
Solution to the question no. 43
Proof: In MOS MP, OQ and

a We know, for right triangles,
SR are three medians
3  square of hypotenuse = 2 (summation of the
 According to Apollonius Theorem
square of the medians)
MO2 + MS2 = 2(MP2 + OP2) ….......…. (i)
MO2 + OS2 = 2(OQ2 + SQ2) …........…. (ii)  3  (OR)2 = 2 (32 + 42 + 52)
And OS2 + MS2 = 2(SR2 + OR2) ……......... (iii) 2
or, OR2 = (9 + 16 + 25)
3
Now, adding equations(i), (ii) and (iii),
2MO2 + 2OS2 + 2MS2 = 2MP2 + 2OP2 + 2OQ2 + 100
or, OR = = 5.7735
2SQ2 + 2SR2 + 2OR2 3
or, 2(MO2 + OS2 + MS2) = 2(MP2 + OQ2 + SR2) +  OR = 5.7735 c.m. (approx)
2(OP2 + SQ2 + OR2) 
b P
or, 4(MO2 + OS2 + MS2) = 4(MP2 + OQ2 + SR2) +
4(OP2 + SQ2 + OR2) [ Multiplying both sides by 2]
or, 4(MO2 + OS2 + MS2) = 4 (MP2 + OQ2 + SR2) +
(2OP)2 + (2SQ)2+ (2OR)2 O Q
R

or, 4(MO2 + OS2 + MS2) = 4 (MP2 + OQ2 + SR2) +

OS2 + MS2 + MO2 Special Nomination: Let, in POR,OPR = 90and
[P, Q, R are midpoints of OS, MS and MO respectively, PQ  OR. Prove that, PR2 = PO2 + OR2 2OR.OQ.
2OP = OS, 2SQ = MS, 2OR = MO] Proof: In OPQ, OQP = 90
or, 3 (MO2 + OS2 + MS2) = 4 (MP2 + OQ2 + SR2) … ... (iv)  PO2 = PQ2 + OQ2 .....(i) [Pythagoras Theorem]
[Interchanging sides] Again, In PQR PQR = 90
 3(MO2 + OS2 + MS2) = 4MP2 + 4OQ2 + 4SR2  PR2 = PQ2+ QR2
We Know, the medians of a triangle are divided at = PQ2 + (OR  OQ)2 [ QR = OR  OQ]
2:1 in the intersection point. = PQ2 + OR2 + OQ2 2OR.OQ
ME 2 = (PQ2 + OQ2) + OR2 2OR.OQ
 =
PE 1 = PO2 + OR2 2OR.OQ [From (i)]
PE 1 PR = PO2 + OR2 2OR.OQ. (Proved)
2
or, =
ME 2
PE + ME 1 + 2 
c P
or, = [Componendo]
ME 2
MP 3
or, =
ME 2
or, 2MP = 3ME O R
Q
or, 4MP2 = 9ME2 [Squaring]
Similarly, 4OQ2 = 9 OE2 and 4 SR2 = 9 SE2 Special Nomination: Given, in POR, OPR = 90
Therefore from equation(iv) , and PQ OR. Prove that, PQ2 = OQ.QR
3 (MO2 + OS2 + MS2) = 9 ME2 + 9OE2 + 9SE2 Drawing: In POR, OPR = 90
or, 3 (MO2 + OS2 + MS2) = 9 (EM2 + EO2 + ES2) OPQ + QPR = 90 ...... (i)
 MO2 + OS2 + MS2 = 3 (EM2 + EO2 + ES2) (Proved) Again, OPQ and OQP = 90 [ PQ  OR]
 7

POQ + OPQ = 90..........(ii) Ques.45 Dinajpur Board-2017  Ques. No.-4

(i) and (ii) gives, In PQR, the side QR is trisected at the point M and N.
OPQ + QPR = POQ + OPQ a. Draw a picture based on the above information
QPR = POQ with sign. 2
Now, In OPQ and PQR b. Prove that, PQ2 + PR2 = PM2 + PN2 + 4MN2 4
OQP = PQR = 90 c. If PQ = PR and M is any point on QR, then
 POQ = QPR show that PQ2 − PM2 = QM.MR 4
And Remaining OPQ = Remaining PRQ Solution to the question no. 45
P
OQP and  PQR are similar 
a
 The triangles are similar
OQ PQ
 = or, OQ. QR = PQ2
PQ QR
PQ2 = OQ. QR (Proved)
Q R
Ques.44 All Board-2018  Ques. No.-4 M N

Circumcentre, centroid and orthocentre of a triangle ABC In the figure, the side QR of PQR trisects at the
are S, G and O respectively. points M and N.
a. Define orthogonal projection of a point with 
b Special Nomination: Given, the side QR of PQR
figure. 2 trisects at the points M and N. That is, QM = MN =
b. Prove that, three points S, G and O are NR. Join P, M and P, N. It is required to prove that,
collinear. 4 PQ2 + PR2 = PM2 + PN2 + 4MN2.
c. If the length of the median of the triangle given Proof: PM is the median of PQN.
in the stem are AD, BE and CF respectively,  According to Apollonius' theorem,
then prove that, 3 (AB2 + BC2 + CA2) = 4 (AD2 PQ2 + PN2 = 2(PM2 + MN2) ... ... ... (i)
+ BE2 + CF2). 4 Again, PN is the median of PMR.
 PM2 + PR2 = 2(PN2 + MN2) ... ... ... (ii)
Solution to the question no. 44
Now, adding equations no. (i) and (ii) we get,
a Orthogonal Projection of a Point: We call the PQ2 + PN2 + PM2 + PR2 = 2PM2 + 2MN2 + 2PN2
orthogonal projection of any point on any definite + 2MN2
straight line when it signifies the foot of the Or, PQ + PR = 2PM + 2PN + 4MN  PM  PN2
2 2 2 2 2 2

perpendicular drawn from that point on the definite  PQ2 + PR2 = PM2 + PN2 + 4MN2. (Proved)
straight line. Suppose, XY is a definite straight line and 
c
P
P is any point (figure below). We draw the perpendicular
PP from the point P on the straight line XY and P is the
foot of this perpendicular. So, the point P is the
orthogonal of P on the line XY. The orthogonal
projection of any point on any definite straight line is a R
Q M N
point.
P
Special Nomination: Given, in PQR, PQ = PR
and M is any point on QR. It is required to prove
Y
that, PQ2  PM2 = QM.MR.
Construction: Draw the perpendicular PN on QR.
P
X Proof: In right angled PQN, PQ is hypotenuse.

b See theorem 10 of exercise 3.2 of your textbook.  PQ2 = QN2 + PN2 ... ... ... (i)
Page-81 Again, in right angled PMN, PM is hypotenuse.

c See the section ‘Determination of the relation  PM2 = MN2 + PN2 ... ... ... (ii)
between the side of the triangle and the median by Subtracting (ii) from (i) we get,
the theorem of Apollonius’ of exercise 3.1 of your PQ2  PM2 = QN2 + PN2  MN2  PN2
textbook. Page-75 = QN2  MN2
8

= (QN + MN)(QN  MN) BO OD

 
= (NR + MN).QM [Perpendicular on base from AO OE
vertex of an equilateral triangle bisects the base. So,  AO.OD = BO. OE ... ... ... ... (ii)
QN = NR] Now, from equation (i) and (ii) we get,
= MR.QM  AO.OD = BO.OE = CO. OF (Proved)
 PQ2  PM2 = QM.MR. (Showed) 
c
A
Ques.46 Chattogram Board-2017  Ques. No.-4
The perpendiculars AD, BE and CF from the vertices to E

the opposite sides of the acute angled triangle ABC meet

at the point O.
a. If AC = 5 cm, CD = 3cm, then find the length of B C
D
AD. 2 Particular enunciation: Given, in ABC, AD is the
b. Prove that, AO. OD = BO. OE = CO. OF. 4 perpendicular on BC and BE is the perpendicular on AC.
c. Show that, BC. CD = AC. CE. 4 It is required to show that, BC. CD = AC. CE.
Solution to the question no. 46 Proof: We know that, in any triangle, the area of the
square drawn on the opposite side of an acute angle is

a Given, A equal to the squares drawn on the other two sides
AC = 5 cm and CD = 3 cm
diminished by twice the area of the rectangle included
 In right angled triangle ADC,
by any one of the other sides and the orthogonal
AC2 = AD2 + CD2 5 cm projection of the other side on that side.
Or, AD2 = AC2 – CD2
Now, since ADBC in ABC, ACB is an acute angle.
= (5)2 – (3)2 B D C
3 cm [ACB < right angle ADC]
= 25 – 9
And CD is the projection of AC on the side BC,
= 16
AB2 = AC2 + BC2  2BC.CD …… (i)
 AD = 4 cm (Ans.)
Again, CE is the projection of BC on the side AC.

b A
 AB2 = BC2 + AC2  2AC. CE ……. (ii)
From equation (i) and (ii) we get,
AC2 + BC2  2BC.CD = BC2 + AC2  2AC.CE
Or,  2BC.CD = 2AC.CE
F
O
E
Or, BC.CD = AC.CE. [Dividing by (2)]
 BC.CD = AC.CE (Showed)

B D C Ques.47 Jashore Board-2017  Ques. No.-4

Three medians AD, BE and CF of ABC intersect each
Particular enunciation: Given, the perpendiculars
other at G.
AD, BE and CF from the vertices to the opposite a. If GD = 2cm, find the length of AD. 2
sides of the acute angled triangle ABC meet at the b. Prove that, AB2 + BC2 = 2(AE2 + BE2) 4
point O. It is required to prove that, c. Prove that, 3(AB2 + BC2 + AC2) = 4(AD2 +
AO. OD = BO.OE = CO.OF. BE2 + CF2). 4
Proof: In BOF and COE-
Solution to the question no. 47
OFB = OEC = 90 [ CF  AB, BE  AC]

a We know, the centroid of a
And BOF = COE [vertical angle] A
triangle divides its median at
So, both are equiangular triangles.
the ratio 2 : 1.
 Both are similar.
Here, G is the centroid of the F E
BO OF
  triangle. G
CO OE
Ô AG : GD = 2 : 1
 BO. OE = CO. OF. ............... (i) AG 2 B C
D
Again, in  BOD and  AOE- Or, =
GD 1
ODB = OEA = 90 [ AD  BC, BE  AC] Or, AG = 2GD
And BOD = AOE. [Vertical angle ] Or, AG = 2  2 [‹ GD = 2 cm]
 Both are equiangular triangles.  AG = 4
 Both are similar. Ô AD = AG + GD = (4 + 2) cm = 6 cm (Ans.)
 9


b 1 1 1

b Given series: 1 + + + + ........
B 1 + y (1 + y)2 (1 + y)3
If y = 2,
1 1 1
The series, 1 + + + + .......
1 + 2 (1 + 2)2 (1 + 2)3
1 1 1
= 1 + + 2 + 3 + ....
C 3 3 3
A M E
1st term of the series, a = 1
Particular enunciation: Let, BE is a median of
1
ABC which intersects the side AC at the point E. It 3 1
is required to prove that, AB2 + BC2 = 2(AE2 + BE2) Common ratio, r = = < 1
1 3
Construction: Draw BM  AC. Since, the common ratio of the series, r < 1
Proof: In ABE, AEB is acute angle and ME is a(1 – rn)
the orthogonal projection of BE on AE.  Summation of 1st 10 terms of the series =
1–r
Ô As per the extension of the theorem of Pythagoras  1 10  1 59049 – 1
in the case of the acute angle, 11 –    1 –
 3  59049 59049
AB2 = AE2 + BE2 – 2AE.ME ... ... ... ... ... ... (i) =
1
=
2
=
2
Again, In BEC, BEC is obtuse angle and ME is the 1–
3 3 3
orthogonal projection of BE on the extension of CE. 3 59048 29524
Ô As per the extension of the theorem of Pythagoras =  = (Ans.)
2 59049 19683
in the case of the obtuse angle,

c The first term of the series, a = 1
BC2 = CE2 + BE2 + 2CE.ME ... ... ... ... ... ... (ii)
1
Adding (i) and (ii) we get,
1+y 1
AB2 + BC2 = AE2 + BE2 – 2AE.ME + CE2 + BE2 Common ratio, r = =
1 1+y
+ 2CE.ME
2 2 2 There will be an infinite sum if |r| < 1
= 2BE + AE + AE – 2AE.ME + 2AE.ME
1 
= 2BE2 + 2AE2 or,
1 + y< 1
Ô AB + BC2 = 2(AE2 + BE2) (Proved)
2
or,|1 + y| > 1 [Inversing]

c See the article 'determine the relation between sides
If, 1 + y > 1 or,  (1 + y) > 1
and median of a triangle' of exercise 3.1 of your
textbook. Page-75 or, y> 0 or, 1 + y < 1
or,y< 2
Chapter Seven: Infinite Series  Desired condition :y > 0 or, y < 2
Ques.25 Chattogram Board-2019  Ques. No.-2 a 1
 Infinite sum, S= =
1–r 1
1 1 1 1–
1+ + + + ................ is a series. 1+y
1 + y (1 + y)2 (1 + y)3
1
a. Find the series if y = 3, what is common ratio of =
1+y–1
the obtained series? 2 1+y
b. Find the sum of 1st 10 terms of the series when
1+y
y = 2. 4 = (Ans.)
y
c. Find the condition which should be imposed on
y, so that the given series will have a sum up to Ques.26 Dinajpur Board-2017  Ques. No.-1
infinity and find the sum. 4
1 1 1
Solution to the question no. 25 + + + ........... is an infinite
2x − 5 (2x − 5)2 (2x − 5)3
1 1 1 series.

a Given series, 1 + + + +......
1 + y (1 + y)2 (1 + y)3 a. Find the series if x = 4. What is common ratio
If y = 3 , of the obtained series? 2
1 1 1 th
b. Find the 9 term and the sum of first 10 terms
The series, 1 + + + +......
1 + 3 (1 + 3)2 (1 + 3)3 of the series when x = 5. 4
1 1 1 c. Find the condition which should be imposed on
= 1 + + 2 + 3+ ..........(Ans.)
4 4 4
x so that the given series will have a sum up to
1 1
And the common ratio, r =  1 = (Ans.) infinity and find the sum. 4
4 4
10

Solution to the question no. 26 a

Now, sum up to infinity of the series, S∞ =
1 1 1 1r

a Given, the series, + + + ... ... ...
2x  5 (2x  5)2 (2x  5)3 1
1 1 2x  5
If x = 4, the series, + =
2  4  5 (2  4  5)2 1
1
1 2x  5
+ + ... ...
(2  4  5)3 1 2x  5
1 1 1 = 
2x  5 2x  6
= + 2 + 3 + ... ... ... (Ans.)
3 3 3 1
1 1 1 = (Ans.)
 Common ratio = 2  = (Ans.) 2x  6
3 3 3

b If x = 5, the series is, Ques.27 Cumilla Board-2017  Ques. No.-3
1 1 1 Consider the following infinite series:
+ + + ... ...
2  5  5 (2  5  5)2 (2  5  5)3 1 1 1
1+ + + + .............
1 1 1 1 + 3x (1 + 3x)2 (1 + 3x)3
= + + + ... ... ...
5 52 53 a. Find the common ratio of the obtained series
1 when x = 1. 2
 First term, a =
5
b. Find the sum of first 10 terms of the series
1 1 1
Common ratio, r = 2  = 1
5 5 5 obtained in x = . 4
3
We know, nth term of the geometric series = arn  1
1 1 91 c. Find the condition which should be imposed on
 9th term = .   x so that the given series with have a sum up to
5 5
1 1 1 infinity. 4
= . 8 = 9 (Ans.)
5 5 5
Solution to the question no. 27
a(1  rn)
Again, the sum of n terms, Sn = , when r < 1 1 1 1
1r 
a Given, the series, 1 + + + + ......
1 1 1 + 3x (1 + 3x)2 (1 + 3x)3
1  10
5 5  If x = 1, the series,
 Sum of first 10 terms, S10 =
1 1 1 1
1 1+ + + + ........
5 1 + 3.1 (1 + 3.1)2 (1 + 3.1)3
1 510  1 1 1 1
. =1+ + + + .......
5 510 1 5 510  1 510  1 4 42 43
= =   = (Ans.)
4 5 4 510 4  510 1
5
2nd term 4 1
 Common ratio = st = = (Ans.)
1 1 term 1 4
c Given, 1st term of the series, a =

2x  5
1
1 1 b If x = , the series,

Common ratio, r =  3
(2x  5)2 (2x  5)
1 1 1
1 1+ + + + ........
= 1 1 + 3. 12 1 + 3. 13
2x  5 1 + 3.
3  3  3
Sum up to infinity of the series will exist if | r | < 1
1 1 1
1  =1+ + + + .......
That is if,  < 1. 2 22 23
2x  5
1 1 Whose 1st term, a = 1
Now, <1 Again, >1 1
2x  5 2x  5
or, 2x  5 > 1 or, 2x  5 <  1 2 1
Common ratio, r = = < 1
1 2
or, 2x  5 + 5 > 1 + 5 or, 2x  5 + 5 <  1 + 5
or, 2x > 6 or, 2x < 4 We know, the sum of 1st n terms of a geometric series,
x>3 x<2 a(1 − rn)
Sn =
 Required condition, x > 3 or, x < 2 (Ans.) 1−r
 11
10
a(1 − r ) 
b Given, tan = a, sec = b,
 Sum of 1st 10 terms of the series, S10 =
1−r cos
1 10 2 10
− 1 And =c
  1  sin
11 −   
 2  210 a+b1
= = L.H.S. =
1 1 ab+1
1−
2 2
tan + sec 1
1024 − 1 1023 =
= 2= (Ans.) tan sec + 1
1024 512
sec + tan 1
=
1 sec2 tan2 + tan sec
1 + 3x 1 sec + tan 1

c Here, common ratio of the series, r = = =
1 1 + 3x (sec + tan) (sec tan)  (sec tan)
Sum up to infinity of the series will exist is |r| < 1 (sec + tan 1)
1  =
or,  (sec tan) (sec + tan 1)
1 + 3x < 1 1
1 =
That is, −1 < <1 sec tan
1 + 3x 1
1 1 =
 −1 < or, <1 1 sin
1 + 3x 1 + 3x 
cos cos
or, −1 > 1 + 3x or, 1 + 3x > 1 cos
or, −1 − 1 > 1 + 3x − 1 or, 1 + 3x − 1 > 1 − 1 =
1  sin
or, −2 > 3x or, 3x > 0 =c
2 x>0 = R.H.S
x<−
3 a+b1
2  = c (Proved)
 Required conditions: x > 0 or, x < − (Ans.) ab+1
3
cos

c Given, c =
Chapter Eight: Trigonometry 1  sin
Again, c = 3
Ques.64 Dhaka Board-2019  Ques. No.-7
cos
 = 3
cos 1  sin
tan = a, sec = b and = c.
1–sin cos2
or, = 3 [Squaring both sides]
a. The measures of the three angles of a triangle (1  sin)2
are in the ratio 5 : 6 : 7. Express the smallest or, cos2 = 3(1  sin)2
angle in radians. 2 or, 1  sin2 = 3(1  2sin + sin2)
a+b–1 or, 1  sin2 = 3  6 sin + 3sin2
b. Prove that, = c. 4
a–b+1 or, 4sin2 6 sin + 2 = 0
c. If c = 3, then find the value of , where 0 <  or, 2sin2 3sin + 1 = 0
 2. 4 or, 2sin2 2 sinsin + 1 = 0
Solution to the question no. 64 or, 2sin (sin 1)  1 (sin 1) = 0
 (sin 1) (2sin 1) = 0

a Let, The angles 5x, 6x and 7x radians
Either, sin 1 = 0 or, 2sin 1 = 0
We know, the summation of three angles of a
1
triangle 180 or  or, sin = 1 or, sin =
2
 5x + 6x + 7x =  5
 
or, 18x =  or, sin = sin or, sin = sin = sin
2 6 6
   5
 x=  =  = ,
18 2 6 6
 
 Smallest angle = 5x = 5  radian For = , c  3
18 2
5  5
= radian (Ans.)  Desired solution, = , (Ans.)
18 6 6
12

Ques.65 Cumilla Board-2019  Ques. No.-7 (cosA  1)2 1

or, =
(1 cosA) (1 + cosA) 3
cot A + cosec A – 1 1 cosA 1
X= or, =
cot A – cosec A + 1 1 + cosA 3
and Y = cot A – cosec A.
or, 3  3 cosA = 1 + cosA
2
a. If A = , then find the value of Y. 2 or, 3  1 = cosA + 3 cosA
3
or, 4 cosA = 2
b. Prove that, XY = – 1. 4
1 
c. If Y = ( 3) –1
and 0  A  2, then find the or, cosA = = cos
2 3
value of A. 4  5
= cos2  = cos
Solution to the question no. 65  3 3
2  5

a If, A = ,  A= , (Ans.)
3 3 3
Y = cotA cosecA Ques.66 Sylhet Board-2019  Ques. No.-7
2 2
= cot  cosec
3 3 M = tan, N = sec and P = sin.
= cot 120 cosec 120 a. Given that the radius of the Earth is 6440 km.
= cot (90 + 30)  cosec (90 + 30) What is the distance of two places on the
=  tan 30 sec 30 surface of the earth which subtend an angle of
1 2 7Ø at the centre of the Earth? 2
=  1–M–N 1+P
3 3 b. Prove that, = . 4
N–M–1 1–P
12
= 1
3 c. If P2N – = 1, find the value of , where 0  
N
3  2. 4
= =  3(Ans.)
3
Solution to the question no. 66
cotA + cosecA  1

b X= 
a Here, radius of earth, r = 6440 k.m.
cotA cosecA + 1
Angle = 7
cotA + cosecA – (cosec2A – cot2A)
= 7 
cotA – cosecA + 1 =
180
cotA + cosecA – (cosecA + cotA)(cosecA – cotA)
= We know, S = r
cotA – cosecA + 1
7 
(cotA + cosecA)(1 – cosecA + cotA) = 6440  km.
= 180
(1 – cosecA + cotA)
= 786.794 km. (approx.) (Ans.)
= cotA + cosecA
 XY = (cotA + cosecA) (cotA cosecA) 
b Given, M = tan, N = sec and P = sin
1–M–N
= cot2A cosec2A Now, L.H.S=
N–M–1
=  (cosec2A cot2A)
1 – tan – sec
=  1 (Proved) =
sec – tan – 1
c Given, Y = ( 3)1
 (sec2 – tan2) – tan – sec
=
1 sec – tan – 1
or, cotA cosecA =
3 (sec + tan) (sec – tan) – (tan + sec)
=
cosA 1 1 sec – tan – 1
or,  =
sinA sinA 3 (sec + tan)(sec – tan – 1)
=
cosA  1 1 (sec – tan – 1)
or, =
sinA 3 = sec + tan
(cosA  1) 2
1 1 sin
or, = [Squaring] = +
sin2A 3 cos cos
(cosA  1) 2
1 1 + sin (1 + sin)2
or, = = =
(1 cos2A) 3 cos cos2
 13

(1 + sin)2  5sin 4 = 0 or, 3 sin + 2 = 0

= 2
1 – sin2 or, sin =
4 or, sin = 
3
5 2
(1 + sin)(1 + sin) sin = – [sin is positive in the
= 16 3
(1 + sin)(1 – sin) or, sin2 = 
25 interval <<, So, not acceptable]
1 + sin 2
= 2 16
1 – sin or, 1  cos  =
25
1+P 2 9
= = RHS or, cos  =
1–P 25
1–M–N 1+P 3
 = (Proved) or, cos = 
N–M–1 1–P 5
1 
c P2N –
 =1 ‹ within <<, cos is negative and sin is positive.
N 2
1 3
or, (sin)2.sec – =1 
sec cos 5 3
 cot = = =  (Ans.)
sin 4 4
sin2
or, – cos = 1 5
cos
c For B = 4, 3 sin2 + 5 cos2 = 4

sin2 – cos2
or,
cos
=1 or, 3sin2 + 5 – 5sin2 = 4
or, 5  2sin2 = 4
or, 1 – cos2 – cos2 = cos
or, 2sin2 = 1
or, 1 – 2cos2 – cos = 0
1
or, 2cos2 + cos – 1 = 0 or, sin2 =
2
or, 2cos2 + 2cos – cos – 1 = 0
1 
or, 2cos(cos + 1) – 1(cos + 1) = 0 or, sin =  = sin  
2  4
or, (2cos – 1) (cos + 1) = 0

If, 2cos – 1 = 0 or, cos + 1 = 0  = (Ans.)
4
1
or, cos = or, cos = – 1
2 Ques.68 All Board-2018  Ques. No.-7
 5
or, cos = cos = cos or, cos = cos P = tan + sec and Q = cot2 + cosec2.
3 3
 5 a. Determine the value of sec – tan. 2
 = ,  =  2P
3 3
b. Show that, cos = 2 . 4
Ques.67 Barishal Board-2019  Ques. No.-7 P +1
 c. If Q = 3, then solve the given equation, where 0 < 
A = 15 cos2 + 2 sin, <  < , < 2. 4
2
B = 3 sin2 + 5cos2. Solution to the question no. 68
a. Prove that, Radian angle is a constant angle. 2 
a Given, P = tan + sec
b. Find the value of cot  if A = 7 4 Now, sec2  tan2 = 1
c. Find the value of , when B = 4. 4 or, (sec + tan) (sec  tan) = 1
Solution to the question no. 67 or, P(sec  tan) = 1

a See proposition 4 of exercise 8.1 of the textbook. 1
 sec  tan = (Ans.)
Page- 164 P

b If A = 7 
b Given, P = tan + sec
15cos2 + 2 sin = 7 sin 1
or, P = +
or, 15cos2 + 2 sin7 = 0 cos cos
or, 15  15sin2 + 2sin 7 = 0 1 + sin
or, P =
or,  15sin2 + 2sin + 8 = 0 cos
or, 15sin2 2sin 8 = 0 (1 + sin)2
or, P2 = [By squaring]
or, 15sin2 12sin + 10 sin 8 = 0 cos2
or, 3sin(5sin 4) + 2(5sin4) = 0 (1 + sin)2
or, = P2
or, (5sin 4) (3sin + 2) = 0 1  sin2
14

(1 + sin)2 Ques.69 Rajshahi Board-2017  Ques. No.-7

or, = P2
(1 + sin) (1  sin) Musa Ebrahim saw that a hill subtends an angle of 7 at a
1 + sin
or, = P2 point 540 kilometre from the foot of hill and write an
1  sin
equation is x = tan + sec.
1 + sin + 1  sin P2 + 1
or, = a. Find the height of the hill. 2
1 + sin  1 + sin P2  1
[By componendo and dividendo] b. From the equation find the value of sin =
2
2 P +1 1 p2 + 1 x2 – 1
or, = 2 or, = 2 4
2sin P  1 sin p  1 x2 + 1
P2  1 c. From the equation if x = 1; find the value of ;
or, sin =
P2 + 1
where 0   < 90. 4
2 (P2  1)2
or, sin  = 2
(P + 1)2 Solution to the question no. 69
2 2
(P  1) 
a See example 9 of exercise 8.1 of your textbook.
or, 1  cos2 =
(P2 + 1)2
Page-171
(P2  1)2
or, 1  2 = cos2
(P + 1)2 
b Given, tan + sec = x
(P2 + 1)2  (P2  1)2 sin 1
or, = cos2 or, + =x
(P2 + 1)2 cos cos
4P2
or, cos2 = 1 + sin
(P + 1)2
2
or, =x
cos
2P
 cos = (Showed) (1 + sin)2 2
P2 + 1 or, = x [By squaring]
cos2
c Given, Q = cot2 + cosec2

And Q = 3 (1 + sin)2 2
or, = x [ cos2 = 1  sin2]
1 – sin2
So, cot2 + cosec2 = 3
or, cot2 + 1 + cot2 = 3 (1 + sin) (1 + sin) 2
or, =x
or, 2cot2 = 2 (1 + sin) (1 – sin)
or, cot2 = 1 1 + sin 2
or, =x
or, cot =  1 1 – sin
Taking, cot = 1, 1 + sin + 1 – sin x2 + 1 By componendo
or, = 2
  1 + sin – 1 + sin x – 1  and dividendo 
cot = cot = cot ( + ) [According to condition]
4 4 2 x2 + 1
 5 or, = 2
or, cot = cot = cot 2sin x – 1
4 4
x2 – 1
 5  sin = (Showed)
= , which satisfies the condition 0 <  < 2. x2 + 1
4 4
Again, taking cot = – 1, 
c Given, x = 1
 x2  1
cot = – cot From ‘b’ we get, sin =
4 x2 + 1
  (1)2  1
or, cot = cot ( –
) = cot(2 – ) or, sin = [Putting the value of x]
4 4 (1)2 + 1
3 7
or, cot = cot = cot 0
4 4 or, sin =
2
3 7
= , which satisfies the condition 0 <  < 2. or, sin = 0
4 4
 The solution in the given interval is or, sin = sin0 [‹ sin0 = 0]
 3 5 7
, , , (Ans.)   = 0 (Ans.)  D
4 4 4 4
 15

Ques.70 Dinajpur Board–2017  Ques. No.-7 Solution to the question no. 71


a Given, cosec + cot = m
The wheel of a car moving from Dhaka to Khulna
revolves 720 times in a minute. The radius of the wheel We know, cosec2 – cot2 = 1
is 0.25 metres. or, (cosec + cot) (cosec – cot) = 1
a. Find the circumference of the wheel. 2 or, m(cosec – cot) = 1
b. Find the speed of the car. 4 1
 cosec – cot = (Ans.)
c. If the distance of Dhaka and Khulna subtends m
2 the angle at the centre of the earth, find the 
b Given, cot + cosec = m
time required to go from Dhaka to Khulna. cos 1
(The radius of the earth is 6440 km.) 4 or, + = 2 [ m = 2]
sin sin
Solution to the question no. 70 cos + 1
or, =2
sin

a Given, radius of the wheel, r = 0.25 metre
(cos + 1)2
 Circumference of the wheel = 2r unit or, =4
sin2
= 2  3.1416  0.25 metre
(1 + cos)2
= 1.5708 metre (approx.) (Ans.) or, =4
1 – cos2

b From ‘a’ we get, (1 + cos) (1 + cos)
Circumference of the wheel = 1.5708 metres (approx.) or, =4
(1 + cos)(1 – cos)
We know, 1 + cos
After revolving one time, the wheel travels the or, =4
1 – cos
distance which is equal to its circumference.
1 + cos + 1 – cos 4+1
 The car travels the distance per minute or, = [By componendo
1 + cos – 1 + cos 4–1
= 720  1.5708 metre and dividendo]
= 1130.976 metre 2 5
 Velocity of the car = 1130.976 metre/minute or, =
2cos 3
1130.976  60 3
= km/hour  cos =
1000 5
= 67.86 km/hour (Ans.) 3 2
 sin = 1 – cos2 = 1–

c Given, radius, R = 6440 km 5
The subtended angle at the centre of the earth, 9 4
= 1– =
 c 25 5
 = 2 = 2  4 3 4–3+5
180
– +1
= 0.034907c sin – cos + 1 5 5 5
L.H.S. = = =
 Distance of Khulna and Dhaka = length of the arc = r sin + cos – 1 4 3 4 + 3–5
+ –1
= 6440  0.034907 5 5 5
= 224.801 km 6 5
=  =3
From ‘b’ we get, 5 2
Velocity of the car = 67.86 km/hour 4 5+4
1+
1 + sin 5 5 9 5
 The required time to go from Dhaka to Khulna R.H.S. = = = = 
cos 3 3 5 3
= (224.801  67.86) hour 5 5
= 3.31 hour (approx.) (Ans.)
=3
Ques.71 Chattogram Board-2017  Ques. No.-7 sin – cos + 1 1 + sin
 = (Showed)
sin + cos – 1 cos
cot + cosec = m.

c Given, cosec + cot = m
a. Find the value of cosec – cot. 2
b. If m = 2, then show that, or, cosec + cot = 3 [ m = 3]
sin – cos + 1 1 + sin or, cosec = 3 – cot
= . 4
sin + cos – 1 cos or, cosec2 = 3 – 2 3 cot + cot2
c. If m = 3 , then find the value of  where 0    or, 1 + cot2 – 3 + 2 3cot – cot2 = 0
2. 4 or, 2 3 cot – 2 = 0
16
2 
or, cot = c Given, ƒ(x) + ƒ  x = 2, when 0  x  2

2 3 2 
1 
or, cot = or, sinx + sin   x = 2
3 2 
  or, sinx + cosx = 2
or, cot = cot = cot  + 
3  3 or, cos2x = ( 2  sinx)2 [by squaring]
 4
= cot = cot or, cos2x = 2  2 2 sinx + sin2x
3 3
 4 or, 1  sin2x = 2  2 2 sinx + sin2x
= , or, 2 sin2x  2 2 sinx + 1 = 0
3 3

But, for  =
4
the given equation is not satisfied. or, ( 2 sinx)2  2 2 sinx.1 + 12 = 0
3
or, ( 2 sinx  1)2 = 0

 Required solution,  = (Ans.) or, 2 sinx  1 = 0
3
1
Ques.72 Sylhet Board-2017  Ques. No.-7 or, sinx =
2
f(x) = sin x  
or, sinx = sin = sin   
a. Find the length of the arc which subtends an 4  4
angle 60 at the centre of a circle with radius 5  3
cm. 2 or, sinx = sin = sin
4 4

b. If a() + b   = c, then prove that.  x=
 3
,
2  4 4

aƒ    bƒ() =  a2 + b2  c2. 4 But for x =
3
the given equation is not satisfied.
2  4

c. Solve : ƒ(x) + ƒ  x = 2, where 0  x  2. 4  Required solution, x =

(Ans.)
2  4
Solution to the question no. 72
Ques.73 Jashore Board-2017  Ques. No.-7

a Given, radius, r = 5 cm
c c 7sin2 + 3cos2 = P.
Subtend angle at the centre,  = 60 = 60 
=
180 3 
a. If  = , find the value of P. 2
 5  3.1416 4
We know, arc length, s = r = 5  =
3 3 b. If P = 4, prove that, cot =  3. 4
 Arc length = 5.236 cm (approx.) (Ans.) c. If P = 6 and 0 <  < 2, find the possible value

b Given, (x) = sinx of . 4

According to question, aƒ() + bƒ   = c Solution to the question no. 73
2 
a Given, P = 7sin2 + 3cos2


or, a sin + b sin    = c  2  2
2  = 7sin  + 3cos  ‹  = 
or, a sin + b cos = c  4  4   4
or, a2sin2 + b2 cos2 + 2ab sin cos = c2 1 2 1 2
= 7  + 3 
[By squaring]  2  2
or, a2(1  cos2) + b2 (1  sin2) + 2ab sin.cos = c2 7 3 7+3
= + =
or, a2  a2 cos2 + b2  b2 sin2 + 2ab sin.cos = c2 2 2 2
or, a2 + b2  c2 = a2 cos2 + b2 sin2  2ab Ô P = 5 (Ans.)
sin.cos 
b According to question, P = 4
or, a2 + b2  c2 = (a cos)2 + (b sin)2  2a cos.b sin or, 7sin2 + 3cos2 = 4
or, a2 + b2  c2 = (a cos  b sin)2 or, 7sin2 + 3(1 – sin2) = 4
or, a cos  b sin =  a2 + b2  c2 or, 7sin2 + 3 – 3sin2 = 4
 1
 aƒ    b () =  a2 + b2  c2 (Proved) or, 4sin2 = 1  sin2 =
2  4
 17

Again, cos2 = 1 – sin2 = 1 –

1 3
= or, 52 = 24 + x2 – 14x + 50
4 4 or, x2 - 14x + 50 = 1
3 or, x2 – 14x + 50 = 1
2
cos  4 3 4 or, x2 – 14x + 49 = 0
Ô cot2 = 2 = =  = 3 or, (x – 7)2 = 0
sin  1 4 1
4  x = 7 (Ans.)
Ô cot =  3 (Proved) [N.B.: In question, '26' should be replaced by '24']

c According to question, P = 6 Ques.38 Cumilla Board-2019  Ques. No.-3
or, 7sin2 + 3cos2 = 6
A = 2 logk x – logk(3 + x), B = 1 + logp qr,
or, 7sin2 + 3(1 – sin2) = 6
C = 1 + logq rp and D = 1 + logr pq.
or, 7sin2 + 3 – 3sin2 = 6
p q
or, 4sin2 = 3 a. If C = 3, then show that, = . 2
q r
3 3 1
or, sin2 = Ô sin =  b. If A = 0, then show that, x = (1 + 13), 4
4 2 2
3   c. Prove that, B–1 + C–1 + D–1 = 1.
Taking ‘+’, sin = = sin = sin –  4
2 3  3 Solution to the question no. 38
 2
Ô= , 
a If C = 3 , 1 + logqrp = 3
3 3 or, logq rp = 2
3   or, rp = q2
Taking ‘’, sin = – = sin +  = sin2  
2  3  3 or, rp = q.q
4 5 p q
Ô= ,  = (Showed)
3 3 q r
 2 
b Given,
Ô The possible values of  in the given interval: , , A = 2logkx  logk(3 + x)
3 3
4 5 According to the question,
, (Ans.) A=0
3 3
or, 2logkx  logk(3 + x) = 0
Chapter Nine: Exponential and or, logkx2  logk(3 + x) = logk1
x2
Logarithmic Function or, logk
3+x
= logk1
Ques.37 Barishal Board-2020  Ques. No.-3 x 2
or, =1
2 1 3+x
2
p = log5 (26 + x2 – 14x + 50) and q = 2 + 33 + 53 or, x = 3 + x
xm ym or, x2  x  3 = 0
a. Find the value of — logk  m + logk  m +  ( 1)  ( 1)2  4.1.( 3)
y  z 
z m or, x =
2.1
logk  m. 2
x  1  1 + 12
b. Prove that, q3 – 6q2 + 3q – 2 = 0 4 or, x =
2
c. If p = 2, then find the value of x. 4
Solution to the question no. 37 1  13
x=
2
xm ym zm
a Given, logk  m + logk m + logk m 1  13
ym  m z  x  But x  as for x  0, logkx will be undefined
x m
y z 2
= logk  m . m . m 1
y z x   x = (1 + 13) (Proved)
= logk1 = 0 (Ans.) 2
2 1 
c Given, B = 1 + logpqr
b given, q = 2 + 33 + 33
 or, B = logpp + logpqr
2 1 or, B = logppqr
or, q – 2 = 33 + 33 or, pB = pqr
3
 2 1 1
or, (q – 2) = 33 + 33
3
or, p = (pqr)B... ... (i)
3 2 2
2 1
 23 13 1
or, q – 6q + 12q – 8 = 3 + 3 + 3.33.33 3 + 3  C
Similarly, q = (pqr) ... ... (ii)
or, q3 – 6q2 + 12q – 8 = 12 + 9q – 18 1
 q3 – 6q2 + 3q – 2 = 0 (Proved)
D
And r = (pqr) ... ... (iii)
c Given, p = logp (24 + x2 – 14x + 50)
 From (i)  (ii)  (iii),
if p = 2 then 1 1 1
B C
pqr = (pqr) .(pqr) .(pqr) D
2 = log5 (24 + x2 – 14x + 50)
18
1 1 1
+ + Ques.40 Dhaka Board-2017  Ques. No.-2
or, (pqr)1 = (pqr)B C D
1 1 1 P = xa–b, Q = xb–c, R = xc–a.
or, + + = 1 P
B C D a. If log   = 0, then show that, b + c = 2a. 2
 B1 + C1 + D1 = 1 (Proved) R
1 1
Ques.39 All Board-2018  Ques. No.-2 b. Prove that, +
1 + Q + P –1 1 + R + Q –1
p = 1 + loga (bc), q = 1 + logb(ca), 1
+ = 1. 4
r = 1 + logc (ab) and x2 + y2 = 7xy. 1 + P+ R – 1
a. Determine p–1. 2 c. Prove that, (c + a) log (PQ) + (a + b) log (QR)
1 1 1 + (b + c) log (PR) = 0. 4
b. Show that, + + = 1. 4
p q r Solution to the question no. 40
x + y 1
c. Prove that, log  a Given, P = xa  b, Q = xb  c, R = xc  a

 3  = 2 (logx + logy). 4
P
Solution to the question no. 39 According to question, log   = 0
R

a Given, p = 1 + logabc xa  b
or, log  c  a = 0
or, p = logaa + logabc x 
or, p = logaabc or, log xa  b  c + a = log 1 [‹ log 1 = 0]
1 1 or, x2a  b  c = 1
or, =
p logaabc
or, x2a  b  c = x0 [‹x0 = 1]
 p1 = logabca [ logba  logab = 1] (Ans.) or, 2a  b  c = 0

b Given, p = 1 + logabc  b + c = 2a (Showed)
or, p = logaa + logabc 1 1 1
or, p = logaabc 
b L.H.S. = + +
1 + Q + P1 1 + R + Q1 1 + P + R1
or, ap = abc 1 1
1 = bc a  b 1 + ca
1+x + (x ) 1+x + (xb  c)1
or, a = (abc)p... ... (i) 1
1 + [Putting the values]
1 + xa  b + (xc  a)1
Similarly, b = (abc)q... ... (ii) b c
1 x x
= b bc ba +
r
And c = (abc) ... ... (iii) x (1 + x + x ) x (1 + xc  a + xc  b)
c

From (i)  (ii)  (iii) we get, x a

+ a
1 1 1 x (1 + xa  b + xa  c )
abc = (abc)p.(abc)q.(abc) r x b
x c
x a
= b + +
1 1 1
+ + x + x c + x a x c + x a + x b x a + x b + x c
or, (abc)1 = (abc)p q r x b + x  c + x a
1 1 1 = a
 + + = 1 (Showed) x + x b + x c
p q r
= 1 = R.H.S.
c Given, x2 + y2 = 7xy
 1 1 1
or, x2 + y2 + 2xy = 7xy + 2xy  + + = 1 (Proved)
1 + Q + P1 1 + R + Q1 1 + P + R1
[Adding 2xy in both sides]
or, (x + y)2 = 9xy c L.H.S. = (c + a) log(PQ) + (a + b) log(QR)

(x + y)2 + (b + c)log (PR)
or, = xy
9 = (c + a) log(xa  b . xb  c) + (a + b) log (xb  c . xc  a)
x + y2 + (b + c) log (xa  b . xc  a)
or,  = xy
 3  = (c + a) log(x ab+bc
) + (a + b) log(xb  c + c  a) +
x + y2
or, log  = log (xy) [Taking log in both sides] (b + c) log(xa  b + c  a)
 3  = log x(a  c) (a + c)
+ log x(b  a) (b + a)
+ log x(c  b) (c + b)
x + y
or, 2log  = log (xy) 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
= log (xa  c . xb  a . xc  b ) = log(xa  c + b  a + c  b )
2
 3 
x + y 1 1 = log x0 = log 1 [‹ x0 = 1]
or, log  = log (xy) = (log x + log y) = 0 [‹ log 1 = 0]
 3  2 2
[ log (M  N) = log M + log N] = R.H.S.
x + y 1  (c + a) log(PQ) + (a + b) log(QR) + (b + c)log (PR) = 0
 log  = (log x + log y) (Proved)
 3  2 (Proved)
 19

Ques.41 Barishal Board-2017  Ques. No.-3 x y z


c Given, a= b= c
x y z
a= b= c x y y z
 a= b and b= c
a. If a = c, show that, x = z. 2
3 2 1 1 1 1 1
1 1 a b
b. If x = , y = , show that,  2 +  3 = a2 + or, ax = by Or, by = cz
2 3 b a 
1 x y

b 3. 4 or, a = by  b = cz
1 1
c. If abc = 1 prove that, +
p x + py + 1 p y + pz + 1
+  yx
or, a = czy
1
= 1. 4 x
p z + px + 1  a = cz
Solution to the question no. 41
According to question, abc = 1
x x y

a Given, a=yb= zc cz . cz . c = 1
x y
 xa= zc + +1
1 1
or, cz z = c0
or, ax = cz x y
1 1 or, + +1=0
z z
or, cx
= [‹ a = c] cz
1 1 x+y+z
or, = or, =0
x z z
 x = z (Showed) or, x + y + z = 0

b Given,  y + z =  x and x + z =  y
x y z
a= b= c 1 1 1
L.H.S. = + +
p x + py + 1 p y + pz + 1 p z + px + 1
or, x a = y b
1 1
1 1 1
= + +
 ax
= by p x + py + 1 1 1
+ pz + 1 + px + 1
1 1 py pz
If x = , y = , we get, a2 = b3
2 3 1 py pz
3 = x y + y z y+ x z z
p + p + 1 1 + p .p + p 1 + p .p + p
 a= b2
Again, a2 = b3 1 py pz
= y+z y + y+z y+ x+z
or, b3 = a2 p +p +1 1+p +p 1+p + pz
2
1 py pz
 b= a3 = y+z y + y+z y+
p +p +1 1+p + p 1 + p y + p z
3 2
3 2 1 py pz
a2 b3
= y+z + +
Now, L.H.S. =  a  2   b  3 =
y
+ 1+p +p 1 + p + py + z
y
1
b a 3 2 1 + y + pz
p
b2 a3
1 py py.pz
3 2 = y+z + y y y+z + y
3 2 1+p +p 1+p +p p + 1 + py . p z
a2
 b32 3
= +
a b
 ⸪ a = b b = a  1 py py + z
= y+z + y y y+z +
1+p +p 1+p +p 1 + py + py + z
3 2
1 1

= a2
1
b3
1
2
=a +b 3 1 + py + py + z
= =1
1 + py + py + z
= R.H.S.
3 2 1 1 = R.H.S.
a2 b3 2 
  3
b + a  = a + b (Showed)  x
1
y
1
+ y z
1
+ z x = 1 (Proved)
p +p +1 p +p +1 p +p +1
20
2 3
Chapter Ten: Binomial Expansion = 729 + 6.243 . x + 15.81 . x + 20.27. x  +
 2 4  8
Ques.18 Rajshahi Board-2019  Ques. No.-3 x4 x5
x6
15.9 . + 6.3 .   +
16  32 64
1 7 1 6
A = a – x  and B = 3 – x  are two binomial 1215 2 135 3 135 4 9 5 x6
 3   2  = 729  729x + x x + x x +
4 2 16 16 64
expression.
x
a. Determine the expansion of (1 – 3x2)4 using Here, 3  = 2.995
2
Pascal's triangle. 2
x
b. In the expansion of A, co-efficients of x2 is 135 or, = 3  2.995
2
times of the co-efficient of x4, then find the
or, x = 0.01
value of a. 4
Now, putting x = 0.01,
c. Expand B and use the result to find the value of
(2.995)6 up to four decimal places. 4 3  1 x6= 3  0.016
 2   2 
Solution to the question no. 18 1215 135

a Pascal’s triangle : = 729  729(0.01) + (0.01)2 (0.01)3+ ...
4 2
1 0.1215 0.000135
or, (2.995)6 = 729  7.29 +  + ...
1 1 4 2
1 2 1 = 721.7403075
1 3 3 1  (2.995)6 = 721.7403 (Ans.)
1 4 6 4 1 Ques.19 Jashore Board-2019  Ques. No.-2
 (1  3x2)4 = 1 + 4( 3x2) + 6 ( 3x2)2 + 4( 3x2)3 + ( 3x2)4
= 1  12x2 + 6.9x4 + 4.( 27x6) + 81x8 If P = (1 – 2x + x2)2
= 1  12x2 + 54x4 108x6 + 81x8(Ans.) 1 8 k 5
Q = 2y2 –  and R = y +  .
1 7 x 7  2y  y
b Given, A = a  x = a  
 a. Find the expansion of P by the help of Pascal's
 3   3
7 x 7 x 2 7 triangle theorem. 2
= a7+ 1. a6 .   + 2 . a5 .   + 3 . a4 . b. Find the middle term of the expansion of Q. 4
 3  3
c. In the expansion of R co-efficients of k4 is 135,
x3+ 7 . a3 . x4+ .......
 3 4  3 find the value of y. 4
7 x2 x3
= a7 a6x + 21a5 . + 35.a4 .   + 35 . a3 . Solution to the question no. 19
3 9  27
a Given, P = (1  2x + x2)2 = (x  1)4

x4
+ ... With the help of Pascal’s triangle,
81
7 7 35 35 3 4 1
= a7 a6x + a5x2 a4x3 + a x + ........ 1 1
3 3 27 81
7 35 3 1 2 1
According to the question, a5 = a  135
3 81 1 3 3 1
a5 35  135  3 1 4 6 4 1
or, 3 =
a 81  7
2
 P = (x  1) = x + 4.x ( 1) + 6.x2(1)2 + 4.x(1)3 + (1)4
4 4 3
or, a = 25
= x4 4x3 + 6x2 4x + 1 (Ans.)
 a =  5 (Ans.)
1 8
b Given, Q = 2y 
2
1 6 
c Given, B = 3 x
  2y 
 2 
In the expansion, n = 8 which is an even number
Using the binomial theorem,
 There is one middle term of the extension and it is
3  1 x6= 36 + 6 .35 .x + 6 .34 . x2+
 2  1  2 2  2 8 + 1 = 5th term
2 
  .33 .   +   .32 .   +   .3 . x5+
6 x 3 6 x 4 6
1 4 1
3  2 4  2 5  2  T4+1 = 8C4 (2y2)84  = 8C4 . 16y8 .
 2y 16y4
6 . x 6
= 70.y4 = 70y4(Ans.)
6  2
 21
k5 x 4 x 5
c Given, R = y +
 + 7C4 a3  + 7C5 a2  + ...............
 y 3 3
Using Binomial theorem, x 5
 The coefficient of a = C5  
2 7
2
y + k5= y5 + 5C1y4. k + 5C2y3. k2 + 5C3y2. k3
3
3
 y y y y 7.6.5.4.3 x5
=
k4
k5 1.2.3.4.5 35
+ 5C4 . y . 4 + 5 21 5 7 5
y y
5 = x = x
1 1 k 243 81
= y5 + 5ky3 + 10k2y + 10k3 + 5k4 3 + 5 7 5
y y y
According to question, x = 672
5 81
According to Question, 3 = 135
y 672  81
or, x5 =
5 7
or,y3 = 5
or, x = 7776
135
1 or, x5 = 65
or,y3 =
27  x = 6 (Ans.)
1 
c From ‘a’ we get,
 y = (Ans.)
3 x 8
A = 1 +  = 1 + 4x + 7x2 + 7x3 + ..........
Ques.20  2
Dhaka Board-2017  Ques. No.-3  (2  x)A = (2  x) (1 + 4x + 7x2 + 7x3 + ............)
x 8
or, (2  x) 1 +  = 2 + 8x + 14x2 + 14x3  x
8 7
x x
A = 1 + and B = a +  ; a  0  2
 2  3  4x2  7x3  7x4 + ..................)
a. Expand A upto 1st four terms using Pascal's x 8
triangle. 2  (2  x) 1 +  = 2 + 7x + 10x2 + 7x3 + ...... (Ans.)
 2
b. In the expansion of B, co-efficient of a2 is 672,
According to condition, 2  x = 1.9
then find the value of x. 4
3
or, 2  1.9 = x
c Expand (2  x)A upto x in ascending power of x.
 x = 0.1
Using the above result find the value of 1.9  Now, putting x = 0.1 we get,
(1.05)8. 4 0.1 8
(2  0.1) 1 +  = 2 + 7  (0.1) + 10  (0.1)2
Solution to the question no. 20  2
x8 + 7  (0.1)3 + ..............
a Given, A = 1 +
 8
 2 or, 1.9  (1.05) = 2 + 0.7 + 0.1+ 0.007 + ..................
By Pascal's triangle law,  1.9  (1.05)8 = 2.807 (Ans.)
1
Ques.21 Rajshahi Board-2017  Ques. No.-3
1 1
10 6
1 2 1 2x2 – 1 3 and x2 + y are two binomial expression.
1 3 3 1  2x   x
1 4 6 4 1 a. Find the middle term of first binomial. 2
1 5 10 10 5 1 b. Find x free term and its value of the expansion
1 6 15 20 15 6 1 of the first binomial. 4
1 7 21 35 35 21 7 1 c. In the expansion of second binomial coefficients
1 828 56 70 56 28 8 1 of x3 is 540, then find the value of y. 4
x 8 x x 2 x 3 Solution to the question no. 21
 A = 1 +  = 1 + 8  + 28  + 56  + ... ...
 2 2 2 2 1 10
x2
x 3 a Given the binomial expression 2x2 

= 1 + 4x + 28  + 56  + ............  2x3
4 8 The power of the binomial expression is 10, which
= 1 + 4x + 7x2 + 7x3 + ................... (Ans.) is even.
x7 10
b Given, B = a +  The middle term is  + 1 or, 6 term
th
 2 
3 
th
Using binomial expansion we get,  The 6 or, (5 + 1)th term of the given binomial
x 7 x x 2 x 3 1 5
B = a +  = a7 + 7C1a6  + 7C2a5   + 7C3 a4  expression = 10C5 (2x2)10  5. 3
 3 3 3 3  2x 
22
1 35
=  252  32  x10 
32x15 b Given, P = x +

 x
252 By Pascal's triangle law we get,
= (Ans.)
x5 1
b Let, the (r + 1)th term be x independent.
 1 1
1 r 1 2 1
 (r + 1)th term = 10Cr(2x2)10  r 3
 2x  1 3 3 1
1 1 4 6 4 1
= 10Cr 210  r. x20  2r . . ( 1)r
2rx3r 1 5 10 10 5 1
= 10Cr 210  2r . x20  5r ( 1)r 3 5 3 1 3 2
According to question, 20  5r = 0  P = x +  = x5 + 5.(x)5  1.  + 10.(x)5  2. 
 x x x
or, 5r = 20 3 3 3 4 3 5
r=4 + 10.(x)5  3.  + 5.(x)5  4.  +  
x x x
 x independent term = r + 1 = 4 + 1 = 5th term. 3 9 27 81 243
(Ans.) = x5 + 5.x4. + 10.x3. 2 + 10.x2. 3 + 5x. 4 + 5
x x x x x
 Value of x independent term = 10C4  210  2.4 ( 1)4 270 405 243
= 210  4 = x5 + 15x3 + 90x + + 3 + 5 (Ans.)
x x x
= 840 (Ans.)

c Using binomial expansion we get,
y6 Q = (1 + ax)6
c Given binomial expression x2 +

 x 6 6 6 6
Using binomial expansion, we get, = 1 + 1 ax + 2(ax)2 + 3(ax)3 + 4 (ax)4
x2 + y6 = (x2)6 + 6(x2)61y + 6(x2)62y2 6
 x 1 x 2 x + 5(ax)5 + (ax)6
6 y 3
= 1 + 6ax + 15a2x2 + 20a3x3 + 15a4x4 + 6a5x5 + a6x6
+ 3(x )   + ... ... ...
2 6  3
x Here, coefficients of x2 and x4 are15a2 and 15a4
= x12 + 6x9y + 15x6y2 + 20x3y3 + ... ... ...
respectively.
Here, coefficient of x3= 20y3
According to question, 15a2 = 15a4
According to question, 20y3 = 540
540 or, 1 = a2
or, y3 =  a =  1 (Ans.)
20
3
or, y = 27
Ques.23 Cumilla Board-2016  Ques. No.-2
or, y3 = 33
 y = 3 (Ans.) x8
A = (1 – x) (1 + px)6 and B = (3 – x) 1 + are two
Ques.22 Dinajpur Board-2017  Ques. No.-3
 2
binomial expressions.
3 5
P = x +  and Q = (1 + ax)6 are two binomial a. If p = –3, then expand (1 + px)6 by the help of
 x Pascal's triangle. 2
expression, where a  0. 2
b. If A = 1 + qx + ......., then find the value of p
a. Find the value of middle term of Q. 2
and q. 4
b. Find the expansion of P by the help of Pascal's
c. Expanding B up to x3 in ascending power of x
triangle. 4
c. In then expansion of Q, if coefficients of x2 and and by using the result find the value of 2.9 
x4 are equal then find the value of a. 4 (1.05)8. 4
Solution to the question no. 22 Solution to the question no. 23
6

a Given binomial expression, Q = (1 + ax) 
a By the help of Pascal's triangle
The power of the binomial expression is 6, which is even. n = 0; 1
6
 The middle term =  + 1 or 4 term.
th n = 1; 1 1
2 
n = 2; 1 2 1
 4 or (3 + 1) th term of the given expansion
n = 3; 1 3 3 1
= 6C3 (1)6  3(ax)3
n = 4; 1 4 6 4 1
6.5.4 3 3
= ax n = 5; 1 5 10 10 5 1
1.2.3
= 20a3x3 (Ans.) n = 6; 1 6 15 20 15 6 1
 23

 (1 + px)6 = (1  3x)6 [ p =  3] Chapter Eleven: Coordinate

= 1 + 6( 3x) + 15( 3x)2 + 20 ( 3x)3
+ 15( 3x)4 + 6( 3x)5 + 1( 3x)6
Geometry
= 1  18x + 135x2  540x3 + 1215x4  Ques.64
Barishal Board-2020  Ques. No.-4
1458x5 + 729x6 (Ans.)

b Given, P (–10, 6), Q (–12, – 4), R (–3, – 4)
A = (1  x)(1 + px)6 and S (–1, 6) are four vertices of a quadrilateral.
6 6 6 6
= (1  x) 0(px)0 + 1(px)1 + 2(px)2 + 3(px)3 +........ a. Find the equation of the straight line passing
through the point (–3, 6) and having slope is –2. 2
6 6.5 2 2 6.5.4 3 3
= (1 x)1 + .px + px + p x + ..... b. Show that PQRS is a parallelogram. 4
 1 1.2 1.2.3 
c. Find the area of the quadrilateral, which part is
= (1 x)(1 + 6px + 15p2x2 + 20 p3x3 + ....)
the 2nd quadrant of the graph. 4
= (1 + 6px + 15p2x2 + 20p3x3 + ......) + ( x  6px2 
15p2x3  20p3x4 .......) Solution to the question no. 64
 A = 1 + (6p 1)x + (15p2 6p)x2 + (20p3 15p2)x3+... 
a Given, Slope = – 2 and a point (– 3, 6).
According to question, A = 1 + qx2 + ...... Now, the equation of straight line passing through the
 1 + (6p – 1)x + (15p2 – 6p)x2 + (20p3 – 15p2)x3 + ... point (–3, 6) and having slope – 2 is, y – 6 = – 2 (x + 3)
= 1 + 0.x + qx2 + ... or, y – 6 = – 2x – 6
Equating the co-efficient of x,x2 on both side,  2x + y = 0 (Ans.)
6p  1 = 0 
b Given, P(–10, 6), Q(–12, – 4), R (–3, –4) and (S(– 1, 6)
1 are four vertices of a quadrilateral.
 p = (Ans.)
6 Now,
And q = 15p2  6p length of the side PQ = (– 10 + 12)2 + (6 + 4)2
1 2 1 1
= 15.   6. = 15.  1 = 4 + 100
 
6 6 36
5 7 = 2 26
= 1= (Ans.) " " " " QR = (– 10 + 12)2 + (6 + 4)2
12 12

c Given, = 81
x8 =9
B = (3  x)1 +
 2 " " " " RS = (– 9 + 1)2 + (– 4 – 6)2
8 x 0 8 x 1 8 x 2 8 x 3
= (3 – x) 0 2 + 1   + 2   + 3   + ...... = 4 + 100
 2 2 2 
= 2 26
8 x 8.7 x2 8.7.6 x3
= (3  x)1.1 + . + . + . + ........ " " " " PS = (– 10 + 1)2 + (6 + 6)2
 1 2 1.2 4 1.2.3 8 
= (3  x)(1 + 4x + 7x2 + 7x3 + ..........) = 81
= (3 + 12x + 21x2 + 21x3 + ..........) + ( x  4x2  7x3 =9
 7x4 – ......) Again, length of the diagonal,
2 3
= 3 + 11x + 17x + 14x + .................... PR = (– 10 + 3)2 + (6 + 4)2
 The required expansion, = 49 + 100
x 8
(3  x)1 +  = 3 + 11x + 17x2 + 14x3 + .... = 149
 2
and QS = (– 12 + 1)2 + (– 4 – 6)2
Putting x = 0.1 in the expansion
0.1 8 = 121 + 100
(3  0.1)1 +  = 3 + 11  0.1 + 17  (0.1)2 + 14 (0.1)3 +...
 2 = 221
8
or, 2.9  (1.05) = 3 + 1.1 + 17  0.01 + 14  0.001 + ........ Here, PQ = RS and QR = PS
= 3 + 1.1 + 0.17 + 0.014 + ...... and diagonal PR  diagonal QS
= 4.284 upto three decimal places  The four points P, Q, R and S are the vertices of a
 2.9  (1.05)8 = 4.284 (Ans.) parallelogram. (Showed)
24


c A quadrilateral is drawn by plotting the points. = (4)2 + (15)2
y = 241
AD side’s length = (6  10)2 + (12  12)2
P(-10,6)
S(-1,6) = (4)2 + 02 = 4
Here, AB side’s length = CD side’s length
And BC side’s length = AD side’s length
 The opposite sides of the quadrilateral are equal.
X M N X
Now, Diagonal AC = (6  6)2 + (12 + 3)2
= 02 + 152 = 15
Q(-12-4) R(-3,4) Diagonal BD = (2  10)2 + (3  12)2
= (8)2 + (15)2 = 17
y
Diagonal AC  Diagonal BD
 The diagonals are not equal.
From the graph we get, P and Q coordinates lie on
 The opposite sides of the quadrilateral are equal and
the 2nd quadrant and the line. PQ and RS cut the
not the diagonals.
X axis, at M and N. that is P, Q, M and N lie on the Therefore the quadrilateral is a parallelogram. (Ans.)
2nd quadrant.
x + 10 y–6 
c AB is an equation of a straight line
Now, equation of PQ, = x  6 y  12
– 10 + 12 6 + 4 =
x + 10 y – 6 6  2 12 + 3
or, = x  6 y  12
2 10
or, =
y–6 4 15
or, x + 10 =
5 or, 15x  90 = 4y  48
or, 5x + 50 = y – 6  15x  4y = 42 ... (i)
 5x – y + 56 = 0 .... (i) Again, the straight line CD has the equation of,
x  10 y  12
Ques.65 Dhaka Board-2019  Ques. No.-5 =
10  6 12 + 3
A(6, 12), B(2, –3), C(6, – 3) and D(10, 12) are the vertices x  10 y  12
or, =
of a quadrilateral. 4 15
a. Find the slope of the straight line passing or, 15x  150 = 4y  48
through the points P (–3, 4) and Q (–4, 2). 2  15x  4y = 102 ... .. (ii)
b. Ascertain whether the quadrilateral formed with Now, the point where a straight line intersects the x-axis
the points A, B, C and D is a parallelogram or a the y co-ordinate is zero.
rectangle. 4 Putting y = 0 in (i)
c. Find the area of the portion of the quadrilateral 15x  4.0 = 42
ABCD which lies on the first quadrant. 4 42
 x=
Solution to the question no. 65 15
42

a The slope of the line going through P(3, 4) and  Line (i) intersects x axis at   0
24 2
15 
Q(4, 2) = = Again, Putting y = 0 (ii),
 4  (3) 4 + 3
15x  4.0 = 102
2
= = 2 (Ans.) 102
1  x=
15

b A (6, 12) and D(10, 12) are in the first quadrant and 102 
 Line (ii) intersect the x axis at 
B(2, 3) and C(6, 3) are in the fourth quadrant  15  0
AB side’s length = (6  2)2 + (12 + 3)2 42 102 
Let, E  0 and F 
= 42 + 152 = 241 15   15  0
Then, The part of the ABCD quadrilateral which is
BC side’s length = (2  6)2 + ( 3 + 3)2
in the first quadrant will be formed with A,E,F,D
= (4)2 + 02 = 4 points.
CD side’s length = (6  10)2 + (3  12)2  The area of ABCD quadrilateral
 25

6 42 102 10 6 Ques.67 All Board-2018  Ques. No.-6

1 15 15
= (i) 5x + 4y – 20 = 0 and (ii) 4x – 5y + 20 = 0 are two
2 12 0 0 12 12
equations of straight line.
1 408 168
= 0+0+ + 120   0  0  72 a. Find the slope the points A (1, 3), B (–1, –1). 2
2 5 5  b. Show that two straight lines (i) and (ii) are
1
=  96 Sq. Unit =48 Sq. Unit (Ans.) perpendicular to each other by determining
2
slope and verify it with the help of a graph. 4
Ques.66 Cumilla Board-2019  Ques. No.-4 c. Show that the area of the triangle which is
The vertices of a quadrilateral, arranged in anti-clockwise formed with the axes by a straight line (i) is 10
order, are P(3, 4), Q(– 4, 2), R(6, – 1) and S(k, 3). sq. units. 4
a. Find the slope of the straight line passing Solution to the question no. 67
through the points Q and R. 2

a Given,
b. From the point T(x, y) the distance of Q is
equal to the distance of R, prove that, 20x – 6y Coordinates of points A and B are (1, 3) and
= 17. 4 ( 1, 1) respectively.
c. Find the value of k if the area of the 13
 Slope of the line AB =
quadrilateral PQRS is thrice the area of the 11
triangle PQR. 4 4
= = 2 (Ans.)
Solution to the question no. 66 2

a The slope of the line going through Q( 4, 2) and 
b Given the line (i) 5x + 4y  20 = 0
2  (1) or, 4y =  5x + 20
R(6,  1) =
46 5
3 3 y= x+5
= =  (Ans.) 4
 10 10
5
 Slope of the line (i) = 

b According to question, TQ = TR 4
or, (x + 4)2 + (y  2)2 = (x  6)2 + (y + 1)2 Again, given the line (ii) 4x  5y + 20 = 0
or, x2 + 8x + 16 + y2 4y + 4 = x2 12x + 36 or, 5y = 4x + 20
+ y2 + 2y + 1 4
or, x2 + 8x + 16 + y2 4y + 4  x2 + 12x  36  y2  y= x+4
5
2y  1 = 0 4
or, 20x  6y  17 = 0  Slope of the line (ii) =
5
 20x  6y = 17 (Proved)
5 4
 Product of the slopes =   = 1
1 3  4 6 k 3 4 5

c Area of PQRS quadrilateral = 
2 4 2  1 3 4   The lines are perpendicular. (Showed)
1 From (i) we get,
= (6 + 4 + 18 + 4k + 16  12 + k  9)
2
5x + 4y = 20
1
= (23 + 5k) 5x 4y
2 or, + =1
20 20
1 3  4 6 3 
Area of PQR = 
2 4 2  1 4
x y
  + =1
4 5
1
= (6 + 4 + 24 + 16  12 + 3) From (ii) we get,
2
41 4x  5y = 20
=
2 4x 5y x y
or, + =1 or, + =1
1 41 20 20 5 4
According to question, (23 + 5k) = 3 
2 2 In graph paper, joining the points (4, 0) and (0, 5)
or, 23 + 5k = 123 we get the line (i).
or, 5k = 100
Again, in graph paper, joining the points (5, 0) and
 k = 20 (Ans.)
(0, 4) we get the line (ii).
26

Along both axes, 5 small 

b The distance of A(3, −6) from the point P(x, y)
squares = 1 unit
6
= (3 − x)2 + (−6 − y)2
(0, 5)
5 Again, distance of x-axis from the point P(x, y) =
4
ordinate of the point P = y
(0, 4)
3
According to question, (3 − x)2 + (−6 − y)2 = y
Or, 9 − 6x + x2 + 36 + 12y + y2 = y2 [By squaring]
(ii) 2 (i)
 x2 − 6x + 12y + 45 = 0 (Showed)
1
( 5, 0)

c Area of the quadrilateral ABCD
(4, 0)
1 8 −2 −6 3 8
5 4 3 2 1 O 1 2 3 4 5 6 = 
2 4 6 −2 −6 4
1
From the graph, we see that the lines (i) and (ii) are = (48 + 4 + 36 + 12 + 8 + 36 + 6 + 48)
2
perpendicular to each other. 1
x y =  198 = 99 sq. unit
2

c From ‘b’ we get, the line (i) + =1
4 5  Area of the quadrilateral ABCD = 99 sq. unit (Ans.)
 The line (i) intersects x-axis at point A(4, 0) Again, length of side AB = (−6 − 3)2 + (−2 + 6)2 = 97
and y-axis at point B(0, 5).
Length of side BC = (−2 + 6)2 + (6 + 2)2 = 80
y
Length of side CD = (8 + 2)2 + (4 − 6)2 = 104
Length of sides AD = (8 − 3)2 + (4 + 6)2 = 125
B(0, 5)  Perimeter of the quadrilateral
ABCD = AB + BC + CD + AD
= 97 + 80 + 104 + 125
= 40.17 unit (approx.) (Ans.)
x Ques.69 Barishal Board-2017  Ques. No.-6
O(0, 0) A(4, 0)
A (7, 2), B (– 4, 2), C (– 4, –3) and D (7, –3) are the four
vertices of the quadrilateral ABCD.
1 0 4 0 0 a. Find the equation of the line AB. 2
Now, area of OAB = sq. unit
2 0 0 5 0 b. If P (t, 2t) is equidistant from points A and B,
1 find the value of t. 4
= {(0 + 20 + 0)  (0 + 0 + 0)} sq. unit c. Show that, the quadrilateral ABCD is a rectangle. 4
2
Solution to the question no. 69
1
=
 20 sq. unit 
a The equation of line passing through the points A(7, 2)
2
= 10 sq. units (Showed) and B( 4, 2); that is the equation of line
x7 y2
Ques.68 Cumilla Board-2017  Ques. No.-5 AB, =
7  ( 4) 2  2
A(3, −6), B(−6, −2), C(−2, 6) and D(8, 4) are four x7 y2 x7 y2
points, their position on the same plane. or, = , or, =
7+4 0 11 0
a. Find the distance between B and C. 2 or, 11(y  2) = 0, or, y  2 = 0
b. If the distance of x-axis and the point A are  y = 2 (Ans.)
equal from P(x, y), show that, x2 – 6x + 12y +
45 = 0. 4 
b According to condition,
c. Find the area of the quadrilateral ABCD taking The distance of point A(7, 2) from the point P(t, 2t)
the vertices in anti-clockwise order and find the = The distance of point B( 4, 2) from the point P(t, 2t)
perimeter of ABCD. 4 or, (t  7)2 + (2t  2)2 = (t + 4)2 + (2t  2)2
Solution to the question no. 68 or, (t  7)2 + (2t  2)2 = (t + 4)2 + (2t  2)2 [By squaring]

a Distance between the points B(−6, −2) and C(−2, 6) or, (t  7)2 + (2t  2)2  (t + 4)2  (2t  2)2 = 0
= (−2 + 6)2 + (6 + 2)2 or, (t  7)2  (t + 4)2 = 0
= 16 + 64 or, (t2  14t + 49)  (t2 + 8t + 16) = 0
= 80 = 16  5 or, t2  14t + 49  t2  8t  16 = 0
= 4 5 unit (Ans.) or,  22t + 33 = 0
 27

or,  22t =  33 Solution to the question no. 47

 33 
a Total number of mangoes in the busket = (5x + 1 +
or, t =
 22
8x + 3 + 10x + 7)= (23x + 11)
3
t=
2 Number of Amrupali mangoes = 10x + 7
3
 The value of t = (Ans.)  Probability of Amrupali if a mango is picked up
2

c Y
10x + 7
=
B ( 4, 2) A (7, 2) 23x + 11
X X
10x + 7 1
According to the question, =
23x + 11 2
or, 23x + 11 = 20x + 14
C ( 4,  3)
D (7,  3)
or, 23x  20x = 14  11
or, 3x = 3
Y
 x = 1 (Ans.)
Given, the four vertices of the quadrilateral ABCD
are A(7, 2), B( 4, 2), C( 4,  3) and D(7,  3). 
b From ‘a’,
That is the sides of the quadrilateral are AB, BC, Total number of mangoes in the busket, n(S) = (23x + 11)
CD, AD and diagonals are AC and BD. If x = 2,
Here, AB = {7  ( 4)}2  (2  2)2 = (7 + 4)2  02 Total number of mangoes in the busket,
= 112 = 11 n(S) = (23x + 11)
CD = ( 4  7)2  ( 3 + 3)2 = ( 11)2  02 = (23  2 + 11)
= 112 = 11 = 57
AD = (7  7)2 + ( 3  2)2 = 02 + ( 5)2 Number of Himsagor mangoes, n(H) = (8x + 3)
= 52 = 5 = (8  2 + 3)
BC = ( 4 + 4)2 + (2 + 3)2 = 02 + 52 = 19
= 52 = 5 19 1
AC = (7 + 4)2 + (2 + 3)2 = 112 + 52 Probability of being Himsagor mangoes = =
57 3
= 121 + 25 = 146  Probability of not being Himsagor mangoes
BD = (7 + 4)2 + ( 3  2)2 = 112 + ( 5)2 1 2
=1 =
= 121 + 25 = 146 3 3
Now, of the quadrilateral ABCD, AB = CD = 11, Number of Fazli mangoes, n(F) = 5x + 1
AD = BC = 5,
=52+1
diagonal AC = diagonal BD = 146
Since the opposite sides of the quadrilateral ABCD = 11
are equal and the diagonals are equal, so the 11
Probability of being Fazli mangoes =
quadrilateral ABCD is a rectangle. (Showed) 57
11 2
Chapter Fourteen: Probability  The probability of Fazli but not Himsagor = 
57 3
Ques.47 Rajshahi Board-2019  Ques. No.-8
22
= (Ans.)
There are (5x + 1) Fazli, (8x +3) Himsagor and (10x +7) 171
Amrupali mangoes in a basket. A mango is chosen 
c If x = 3, number of total mangoes,
randomly.
n(S) = 23  3 + 11 = 80
1
a. If the probability of Amrupali is , then And Number of Amrupali mangoes n(R) = 10  3 + 7 = 37
2
determine the value of x. 2 Now, the probability that all the mangoes being
b. If x = 2, then find the probability of Fazli but Amrupali, if three mangoes are puicked up without
not Himsagor. 4 37 36 35
c. If three mangoes are picked up one without replacing any one of them =  
80 79 78
replacing any one of them, then find the
probability all the mangoes being Amrupali 777
= (Ans.)
(when x = 3). 4 8216
28

Ques.48 Dinajpur Board-2019  Ques. No.-8 5

The probability of the number being divisible by 5=
25
(i) S = {x ô: 2  x < 27}
 Difference of the probabilities of the number being
(ii) 3 coins are thrown once together.
odd and divisible by 3 and the number being
a. What is the probability of getting prime or even
numbers in a single throw of a dice? 2 5 4 1
divisible by 5 = – = (Ans.)
25 25 25
b. From (ii), what is the probability of getting at
least one T? Also find what is the probability of Ques.49 Chattogram Board-2019  Ques. No.-8
getting at best one T. 4
An unbiased dice has been tossed one time and a coin has
c. If a number is randomly choosen from set S,
been tossed two times randomly.
then find the difference between the probability
of the number being odd and divisible by 3 and a. An unbiased dice thrown one time then find the
the probability of the number divisible by 5. 4 probability of even number. 2
Solution to the question no. 48 b. If only the coin tossed four times then draw the
probability tree and write down the sample

a Sample points for throwing a dice once: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
So, sample space is {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6} space. 4
 Total sample points = 6 c. Find the probability of getting even number on
Sample points of getting prime or even numbers: 2, the dice and TT on the coin. 4
3, 4, 5, 6 Solution to the question no. 49
So, sample space is {2, 3, 4, 5, 6}

a The sample space of throwing a dice once
 Favorable sample point = 5
= {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
5
 Probability of getting prime or even numbers = (Ans.) Total sample points = 6
6
Even numbers 2, 4, 6

b Sample space of throwing 3 coins once together:
Favorable sample points for even numbers = 3
{HHH, HHT, HTH, HTT, THH, TTH, THT, TTT}
3 1
 Total outcomes = 8  Probability of getting even numbers = = (Ans)
6 2
The sample points of getting at least one T = 7
7 
b H
 Probability of getting at least T = H
8 T
H
The sample points getting at best one T = 4 H
4 T
 Probability of getting at best one T = T
8
H
 Difference of the probabilities of getting at least one H
H
7 4 3 T
T and getting maximum one T = – = (Ans.)
8 8 8 T
H

c Given, S = {xô : 2  x < 27} T
T
Total outcomes = 25 Coin
toss
The set of odd numbers form S, H
H
= {3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, 23, 25} T
The set of numbers divisible by 3 from S, H
H
= {3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24} T
Set of favorable sample points of odd numbers and T
T
the numbers divisible by 3 = {3, 9, 15, 21} H
 Favorable sample points of odd numbers and the H
T
numbers divisible by 3 = 4 T
 Probability of the number being odd and divisible H
T
4 T
by 3 =
25
The set of the numbers divisible by 5 from S,= {5,  Sample space, S = {HHHH, HHHT, HHTH, HHTT,
10, 15, 20, 25} HTHH, HTHT, HTTH, HTTT, THHH, THHT,
 Favorable sample points of the numbers divisible by 5 = 5 THTH, THTT, TTHH, TTHT, TTTH, TTTT}
 29


c The probability tree of throwing a dice and two Solution to the question no. 50
coins together: 
a The sample space of throwing a dice once:
{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
 Total sample space = 6
Sample points of the numbers being odd or divisible
by two
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
 Total favorable sample points = 6
 Probability of getting odd number or the
6
number divisible by two = = 1 (Ans.)
6

b Total numbers from 41 to 60 i.e., Total sample
space = 20
The numbers which are divisible by 2 and 3,
Back of 42, 48, 54, 60
dice  Total sample space = 4
 Probability that the serial number of the ticket is
4 1
divisible by 2 and 3 = =
20 5
 Probability that the serial number of the ticket is
1 4
not divisible by 2 and 3 = 1 – = (Ans.)
5 5
 The prime numbers from 41 to 60:
c
41, 43, 47, 53, 59
 Total sample points = 5
 Probability that the serial number of the ticket is
5 1
prime = =
20 4
Again, the number that is divisible by 2, 3 and 5 is 60
Sample space, S = {1HH, 1HT, 1TH, 1TT, 2HH, 2HT,
2TH, 2TT, 3HH, 3HT, 3TH, 3TT, 4HH, 4HT, 4TH,  Sample point = 1
4TT, 5HH, 5HT, 5TH, 5TT, 6HH, 6HT, 6TH, 6TT}.  Probability that the serial number of the ticket
Total sample points = 24 1
is divisible by 2 , 3 and 5 =
60
Favorable sample points of getting even in dice and
1 1 15 + 1
getting TT in coin: 2TT, 4TT, 6TT Sum of the two probabilties = + =
4 60 60
 Favorable sample points = 3
16 4
3 1 = =
 P (even numbers and TT) = = (Ans.) 60 15
24 8
Here, numerator < denominator, Therefore the fraction is
Ques.50 Sylhet Board-2019  Ques. No.-8
a proper fraction (Showed)
Some tickets are numbered serially from 41 to 60 in a box.
Ques.51 Barishal Board-2019  Ques. No.-8
One ticket is drawn at random.
a. Find the probability of getting an odd number Two unbiased dice are thrown together.
or a number divisible by 2 in a single throw of a a. Draw the probability tree of the event. 2
dice. 2 b. Find the probability from the sample space of
b. Find the probability that the number of the those sample points whose sum of two digits
ticket will not be divisible by 2 and 3. 4 are at least 9 each. 4
c. Show that the sum of the probabilities that the c. Find the probability from the sample space of
number of the ticket is prime and divisible by 2, those sample points whose sum of two digits
3 and 5 is a real fraction. 4 are not 6 or 11 each. 4
30

Solution to the question no. 51 Favorable sample points for sum of two digits are

a Probability tree of throwing two dice : 11 each = 2
 Probability of those sample points whose sum of
5 2 7
two digits are 6 or 11 each = + =
36 36 36
Probability of those sample points whose sum of
7
two digits are not 6 or 11 each = 1 
36
29
= (Ans.)
36
Ques.52 Rajshahi Board-2017  Ques. No.-8
Out of 90 days and 90 students in the class IX, the absent
result in the class Showed in the table below :
Number of absent days Number of students
0 10
2 15
3 25
5 20
5 More 20

a. What is the probability that below 2 days

absent? 2
b. What is the probability that less than 3 days? 4
c. Find the probability of getting 5 or a number
greater than 5 days absent. 4
Solution to the question no. 52

a Given, total number of students = 90
Number of students that absent below 2 days = 10
10 1
 Probability of students that absent below 2 days = =
90 9
(Ans.)

b Number of students that absent below 3 days
= 10 + 15 = 25
 Probability of getting students that absent below
25 5
3 days = = (Ans.)
90 18

b Sample points whose sum of two digits are at least 9
each: 
c Number of students that absent 5 or more days
(3, 6), (4, 5), (4, 6), (5, 4), (5, 5), (5, 6), (6, 3), (6, 4), = 20 + 20 = 40
(6, 5), (6, 6)  Probability of students that absent 5 or more days
Here favorable sample points =10 40 4
= = (Ans.)
90 9
and Total sample points = 36
 Probability of those sample points whose sum of Ques.53 Cumilla Board-2017  Ques. No.-8
10 5 A coin is tossed four times by Shoishab.
two digits are at least 9 each = = (Ans.)
36 18 a. What is the probability of getting an odd

c Sample points whose sum of two digits are 6 each: number or a number divisible by 2 in a single
(1, 5), (2, 4), (3, 3), (4, 2), (5, 1) throw of a dice? 2
Sample points whose sum of two digits are 11 each: b. Draw the probability tree and write down the
(5, 6), (6, 5) sample space. 4
Favorable sample points for sum of two digits are 6 c. What is the probability contains at least two
each = 5 heads and one tail? 4
 31

Solution to the question no. 53 Ques.54 Jashore Board-2017  Ques. No.-8


a The sample space of drawing a dice = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6} 20 tickets are numbered serially from 11 to 30. The
 Total sample points = 6 tickets are mixed thoroughly and one ticket is drawn at
Again, probable sample points of getting an odd random.
number or a number divisible by 2 in a single throw a. What do you mean by mutually exclusive
of a dice = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 events? 2
b. Find the probability that the drawn is multiple
 Favorable sample point = 6
of 2 and divisible by 3. 4
 Probability of getting an odd number or a number
c. Show that, the probability of the drawn that is
6
divisible by 2 = = 1 (Ans.) prime number or multiple of 7 is less than that
6
of odd or divisible by 4. 4

b
Solution to the question no. 54
H
H a Mutually exclusive events: Two or more possible
T outcomes of a random experiment are called mutually
H
H exclusive event if the occurrence of one of those events,
T
precludes the possibility of the other events. In the
T
H tossing of a coin, the occurrence of head and tail are two
H
H mutually exclusive events. Because head and tail cannot
T occur together.
T
H b Total number of tickets = 20
T
T
The numbers which are multiple of 2 and divisible
Coin toss by 3 are: 12, 18, 24 and 30
H
H Ô Number of favorable sample point = 4
T Ô The probability that the drawn is multiple of 2 and
H
H 4 1
T divisible by 3 = = (Ans.)
20 5
T
T c The numbers which are prime are:
H
H 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29
T Ô Number of prime numbers = 6
T
H Again, multiples of 7 are : 14, 21, 28
T
Ô Number of multiples of 7 are = 3
T
Ô The probability of the drawn to be prime or multiple
 Sample space, S = {HHHH, HHHT, HHTH,
6 3 6+3 9
HHTT, HTHH, HTHT, HTTH, HTTT, THHH, of 7 is = + = =
20 20 20 20
THHT, THTH, THTT, TTHH, TTHT, TTTH, The numbers which are odd:
TTTT} 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, 23, 25, 27, 29

c From ‘b’ we get, Ô Number of odd numbers = 10

Total number of sample points = 16 Again, the numbers which are divisible by 4 are : 12, 16,
20, 24, 28
Favorable events contains at least 2 heads and one
Ô Number of divisible by 4 = 5
tail:
Ô The probability of the drawn of odd or divisible by 4
HHHT, HHTH, HHTT, HTHH, HTHT, HTTH,
10 5 10 + 5 15
THHH, THHT, THTH, TTHH = + = =
20 20 20 20
 Favorable sample point = 10 9 15
Here, <
10 5 20 20
 Probability of getting at least 2 heads and one tail = =
16 8 Therefore, probability of the drawn to be prime or multiple
(Ans.) of 7 is less than that of odd or divisible by 4. (Showed)
32

Ques.55 Dhaka Board-2016  Ques. No.-6 c Number of natural numbers from 40 to 60 = 21

And the numbers which are odd or multiple of 5 between
An unbiased coin is tossed thrice. 40 and 60 are: 40, 41, 43, 45, 47, 49, 50, 51, 53, 55, 57,
a. What are equally likely event and sample 59, 60
space? Give an example of each. 2 So, odd or multiple of 5 = 13
b. Considering the stem draw the probability tree 13
Probability of ticket to be odd or multiple of 5 is =
and write down the sample space. 4 21
c. Find the probability of 4 (Ans.)
(i) getting at least one head and Ques.57 Cumilla Board-2016  Ques. No.-6
(ii) getting tail in all three tossings for the
An unbiased coin and an unbiased dice are thrown together.
mentioned experiment. a. Draw the probability tree of the event. 2
Solution to the question no. 55 b. Find the probability of getting tail on the coin
and odd number on the dice from the sample
a Equally Likely Events :If the outcomes of a random
space. 4
experiment are such no outcome is more or less likely to c. Except the dice if only coin is tossed three
happen than any other outcome, than the possible times, find the probability of getting at least one
outcomes are called equally likely events. head from the sample space. 4
For example, in the tossing of a coin the occurrence of Solution to the question no. 57
head or tail are equally likely events
Sample space: The set of all possible outcomes of a 
a Tree diagram of drawing a coin and a dice is
random experiment is called the sample space. Showed below:
If two coins are tossed simultaneously then the sample Dice
space is S = {HH, HT, TH, TT}
b See the solution of question 7(b).
c The sample space is = S = {HHT, HTH, HTT,
HHH, THH, THT, TTH, TTT}
Total sample points = 8
(i) The sample points containing at least one head = 7
7
 P (at least one Head) = (Ans.)
8
Coin
(ii) The sample points of getting tail in all three
tossing's = 1
1
 P(TTT) = (Ans.)
8
T
Ques.56 Rajshahi Board-2016  Ques. No.-6
The tickets number serially from 40 to 60 are mixed
thoroughly and a ticket is drawn at random. 
b According to the probability tree of the events of
a. Find the probability of getting a number divisible random experiment of a coin and a dice, together,.
by 8. 2 the sample space is :
b. Find the probability of getting a number is not a S = {H1, H2, H3, H4, H5, H6, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6}
prime and divisible by 6. 4 Here total number of possible outcomes = 12
c. Find the probability of getting an odd number Again number of favorable outcomes of getting the
or a number multiple of 5. 4 tail in the coin and odd number in dice =3
The probability of getting tail in the coin and odd
Solution to the question no. 56
3 1
a Number of natural numbers from 40 to 60= 21 number in dice = = (Ans.)
12 4
From 40 to 60, Total numbers divisible by 8 = 3
3 1 
c If only coin is thrown three times, the sample space
Probability of ticket to be divisible by 8 is = = (Ans.) of events will be as under :
21 7
{HHH,HHT,HTH,HTT,THH,THT,TTH,TTT}

b The numbers which are not prime number and The number of possible outcomes =8
divisible by 6 within 40 to 60 are : 42, 48, 54, 60 The favorable outcomes of getting at least one head
So, not prime number and divisible by 6 = 4 = {HHH,HHT,HTH,THH,HTT,TTH,THT} =7
 So, probability of ticket not to be prime number The desired probability of getting at least one head
4 7
and divisible by 6 is = (Ans.) = (Ans.)
21 8