Aim:.

TO SETRNE TECISPERt OWER O* DENs LINT RI3

Required Apparatus:- S
Cireuitor Ray Diqram:

TELEROOE

Angle Aot the prsm

Ang'e ot minimm devatan

Prínciple & Formula:- VWhen a

the point O of the surface AB of monochromatic light ray QP is incident at
refraction through the surface ABthe(from
prism ABC, it follows the path OD
after
normal NOM. The refracted ray is OD. air to glass). bending towards the
from glass to air at the This ray again suffers
Surface AC
NDM(.e bends towards the base BC) angand bends away from the refraction
emergent ray is RS. The angle of follows the path RSnormal
The
refraction ris angle MOD and angleincident /is angle QON,
the angle of
absence of prism, the light ray OP of ernergence e is angle SDN
path QPLK. Thus the angle of would have followed the sta ght In the
refraction at both the sufaces ofdeviation õ is the angle ine
prism SKdue ta
 In the angle of
is qradually incieased, the angle ofincident I of the incident ray on the prism
paricula angle of incidence, the angledeviation
of
first decreases, then ata
deviation becomes minimum
VWith further increase in angle of
incidence,
rts increasing. The minimum value of the angle of deviation again
ifminimum deviation om. angle of deviation is called angle
In the position of
igle BAC=A, the refractive minimum deviation, if the refracting angle of prism
index of the material of prism is
=sin [(A+ öm)21
sin (A/2)
Now if white light is made
corresponding to different incident on the prism, the angle of
constituent colours of white light is
pectrum oblained in the light emerging out of the minimum deviation
is different. Hence a
material of prism for the violet, yellow andred prism. If the refractive indices of
dispersive power of the material of prism is thenlight be respectively Py . Uy, and ue.the

Uy-1
Thus, measuring the
)Öwer of the material refractive of
of prisican be index violet, red and yellow light, the
determined. dispersive
Procedure:- (1),Before
)the.axes of colimator and starting the experiment, the
(i) the prism table telescope meet each otherspectrometer is
on the vertical adjusted such that
ANGlcscope must be
must be adjusted for parallel rays. (iv) horizontal and (i) the telescope andaxis of the
e Schuster's method. the spectrometer should be collimator
2) Determination of adjusted according to
)First note the least refracting angle A of the prism
) The slit of the
count. of spectrometer.
G) Now the prismcolimator is
is placed onilluminated
the
with mercury lamp.
he centre of prism table and its prism table such that the vertex Aof the
base
light. In this position, the parallel rays BC is perpendicular to the direction of prism is at
incident
ACof the prism and get reflected fromcoming from the colimator fall on the faces AB and
iv) Now the telescope is these faces.
turned towards
örmed bythe light reflected from this facetheis face AB of the prism and the image of slit
ie telescope is then clamped and it brought on the cross-wires of teiescope.
is rolated
niage of slit on the vertical cross-wire. This by its tangential screw to obtain the
bollr the Vernier scales on the position of telescope is read with the helo of
circular scale.
R(M)Then the telescope is turned towards the face AC of
iol slitformed by the light the prism and again the image
reflected from this face is obtained
eloscope. This position of telescope is also read with the helponofthe vertical cross-Wire of
Ond the difference of the two readings of each both verniers.
galto twicethe refracting angle of prism (i.e. 2A).Vernier separately. This difference is
HAVotthe prism. Half if this gives the refracting angie
torinination of
N he prism is placedangle
of
minimum deviation öm
at the centre of prism
lqeely on one refracting face ABof the table such that light from the colimator falls
prism.
 oi00s of minimum deViation

(t) 0h
position of minirrurn deiation, ths irs is
iJG and both verniers rrsis t,
andglct spectral lines. on circular sals ar, (3 This is trr2e tn rs 1e3
) Nw ihe
ilonii axisprisn is eAgte" 2
of withdrawn frorn the
to coincide theprisn tati, 2rd 11g t l e is brogrt
Mr)1 again bothcollimator
verniers irnase of slit on ts
)ch for cach line, find
are read.
the Jticalcr0Ssie in rs
and differens
O) mininum in tuo
deviation other fordirget
MaCVGs angle of rninirnurn devíatíon fos irrace
the
resdingsof r 3rh lernis eDa3R |
slit
ths re 19linsrd'ere ts 1331 Tris
OUsgrvation Table: Value of one
5count of Vernier=
2r ise ee s.
Total nurnber rnain scale divísío
of divísions on
Verníer scsle

11Forthe refracting angle A of the prism

Nernier On reflection from one On
humber face reflection frorn the 2A =
M.S. V.S. Total other face
M.S. V.S. Tote
(in )
reading rsading
V1
v2

V2
acting:angle of the prism A=... !...... Mean value of 2A =
2) For the angle of
minimum deviation
 Name Vernier
of the Position of minimum Position of direct image of
number deviation Angle of
line M.S.
slit
minimum
V.s. Total M.S.
reading reading reading reading
V.S. Total deviation
(in °) reading reading Ñ = a -b
(in ) a (in °) (in °) b (in °)
V1 (in °) (in °)

V2
Yellow V1
V2
Wiolet
V2

Vean O, = Mean õ, =... Mean õ,=..

Gleulations: u, = sin (A+ õ, )/2]=..

sin (A/2)

Hy sin [(A+ o,)/21=

sin (A/2)

And Hy= sin [(A+ o, /2] =.

sin (A/2)

Uy - 1
Besults:- The dispersive power of prism =
Rrecautions:- (1) The spectrometer should be well adjusted before the experiment
latsänd the light source should be placed close to the slit of the collimator.
2hè prism should be clean and its faces should not be touched with hands.
Othe position of minimum deviation, the readings should be taken only when onafter
lofating, thÁ prism table in one direction, the spectral line just begins to return back
AOOlheiding the vertical cross-wire.
4WHile finding the refracting angle of prism or the angle of minimum deviation, the
Naiiference of two readings should be obtained for the same Vernier.

ferencë: