Emulsion SS1, RS-1 - IS 3117, IS 8887

Download as pdf or txt
Download as pdf or txt
You are on page 1of 34

इंटरनेट मानक

Disclosure to Promote the Right To Information


Whereas the Parliament of India has set out to provide a practical regime of right to
information for citizens to secure access to information under the control of public authorities,
in order to promote transparency and accountability in the working of every public authority,
and whereas the attached publication of the Bureau of Indian Standards is of particular interest
to the public, particularly disadvantaged communities and those engaged in the pursuit of
education and knowledge, the attached public safety standard is made available to promote the
timely dissemination of this information in an accurate manner to the public.

“जान1 का अ+धकार, जी1 का अ+धकार” “प0रा1 को छोड न' 5 तरफ”


Mazdoor Kisan Shakti Sangathan Jawaharlal Nehru
“The Right to Information, The Right to Live” “Step Out From the Old to the New”

IS 3117 (2004): Bitumen Emulsion for Roads and Allied


Applications (Anionic Type) [PCD 6: Bitumen Tar and their
Products]

“!ान $ एक न' भारत का +नम-ण”


Satyanarayan Gangaram Pitroda
“Invent a New India Using Knowledge”

“!ान एक ऐसा खजाना > जो कभी च0राया नहB जा सकता ह”


है”

Bhartṛhari—Nītiśatakam
“Knowledge is such a treasure which cannot be stolen”
IS3117 :2004

Indian Standard
BITUMEN EMULSION FOR ROADS AND ALLIED
APPLICATIONS (ANIONIC TYPE) — SPECIFICATION
(First Revision)

ICS 93.080.20

Q BIS 2004

BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS


MANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG
NEW DELHI 110002

March 2004 Price Group 6

--*- ..
Bitumen, Tar and Their Products Sectional Committee, PCD 6

FOREWORD

This Indian Standard (First Revision) was adopted by the Bureau of Indian Standards, after the draft finalized by
the Bitumen, Tar and Their Products Sectional Committee had been approved by the Petroleum, Coal and Related
Products Division Council.

Most bituminous binders used in the construction of roads and allied applications are viscous semi-solids at normal
temperatures. For surface dressing, mulch treatment, etc, they must be brought to a fluid state by heating before
being applied in thin films to road and allied surfaces. The lack of adequate heating facilities in remote areas led to
a demand for binders which could be used cold. The use of emulsions, which not only flow readily at atmospheric
temperatures but can also be applied to damp and wet road surfaces, therefore, came into vogue.

Bitumen emulsions are dispersions of very fine bitumen particles in an aqueous medium. They are easy to handle
and find wide applications in road construction and maintenance; soil stabilization, grouting, tack coating;
re-treading, seal coating, premixing, dust-spraying, mulch treatment and in various other special circumstances
where cold application of bitumen is desirable.

This standard was first published in 1965. In this revision, the following modifications have been made:

a) Title and scope has been changed to cover the requirements of bitumen emulsion for allied applications
besides roads.

b) Definition for anionic emulsion has been included.

c) In Table 1, water content requirement has been deleted and the bitumen content requirement has been
introduced along with the corresponding test method.

d) Various test methods (Annex A to Annex K) prescribed in this standard have been updated.

In the formulation of this standard due weightage has also been given to international coordination among the
standards and practices prevailing in other countries and this has been met by deriving assistance fi-om the following
publications:

BS 434-1:1984 ‘Bitumen road emulsions (anionic and cationic):

Part 1 Specification for bitumen road emulsions’, issued by British Standards Institution, UK

ASTM D 244:1997 ‘Standard test methods and practices for emulsified asphalts’, issued by American Society
for Testing and Materials, USA

ASTM D 977:1998 ‘Standard specification for emulsified asphalt’, issued by American Society for Testing and
Materials, USA .

ASTM D 2397:1998 ‘Standard specification for cationic emulsified asphalt’, issued by American Society for
Testing and Materials, USA

For the purpose of deciding whether a particular requirement of this standard is complied with the final value,
observed or calculated, expressing the result of a test or analysis, shall be rounded off in accordance with IS 2:1960
‘Rules for rounding off numerical values (revised)’. The number of significant places retained in the rounded off
value should be the same as that of the specified value in this standard.

,.. .,..,...
IS 3117:2004

Indian Standard
BITUMEN EMULSION FOR ROADS AND ALLIED
APPLICATIONS (ANIONIC TYPE) — SPECIFICATION
(First Revision)
1 SCOPE 3 TERMJNoLOCY
This standard covers the physical and chemical For the purpose of this standard the definition given in
requirements of bitumen emulsion (anionic type) for IS 334 and the following shall apply.
roads and allied applications.
3.1 Anionic Emulsion — An emulsion in which anion
2 REFERENCES of the emulsifier is at the interface with the bitumen
The following standards contain provisions which particles that is negatively charged and the aqueous
through reference in this text, constitute provisions of phase is alkaline.
this standard. At the time of publication, the editions
indicated were valid. All standards are subject to 4 MATERJALS
revisions and parties to agreements based on this
standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility 4.1 Bitumen
of applying the most recent editions of the standards The bitumen straight run or fluxed, used for the
indicated below: manufacture of the emulsion, shall comply with IS 73
and the following requirements:
IS No. Title
a) Penetration shall be between 100 and 3 50;
73:1992 Specification for paving bitumen b) Softening point (Ring and ball) shall not higher
(second revision) than 48”C;
c) Volubility in trichloroethylene shall not be less
269:1999 Specification for 33 grade ordinary
than 99.0 percent; and
portland cement ~ourth revision)
d) Loss of mass after heating for 5 h at 1630C
334:2002 Glossary of terms relating to bitumen shall not exceed two percent of the original
and tar (third revision) mass. After carrying out this test the
penetration of bitumen shall not be less than
460: Specification for test sieves : Part 1
60 percent of its original value.
(Part 1) 1985 Wire cloth test sieves (third revision)

878:1975 Graduated measuring cylinders (jirst 4.1.1 If it is desired to modi& the performance of the
revision) emulsion during periods of low temperature, fluxing the
bitumen with the addition of a quantity of fluxing agent
1201:1978 Methods for testing tar and bituminous not exceeding five percent by mass of bitumen shall be
materials — Sampling (/lrst revision) permitted. Unless otherwise agreed to between the
1211:1978 Methods for testing tar and bituminous manufacturer and the purchaser, the fluxing agents shall
materials : Determination of water comply with the following requirements:
content (Dean and Stark method) (first
revision) a) Initial boiling point not less than 1400C; and
b) Distillate at 3500C not less than 90 percent by
1212:1978 Methods for testing tar and bituminous
volume.
materials : Determination of loss on
heating (first revision)
4.2 Emulsify ingAgent
1997:1982 Burettes (second revision) The emulsi&ing agent, in the proportion in which it is
2619:1993 Glass beakers (second revision) present in the bitumen emulsion, shaH not have any
deleterious effect upon the properties of the bitumen.

..
IS 3117:2004

5 TYPES container to and tlo for a period of 2 to 3 rein,


successively in opposite direction, allowing
5.1 Emulsified bitumen shall be of the following three at least five revolutions of the container on
types: each direction and then up-ending the
a) Rapid setting : Type RS container through two revolutions, first in one
b) Medium setting : Type MS direction and then in the opposite direction.
c) Slow setting : Type SS b) From Bulk — Where practicable, bulk
deliveries of bitumen emulsion shall be agitated
5.1.1 Applications by forced circulation or air agitation, before
sampling.
The uses of three types of bitumen are given below:

Type RS —A quick setting emulsified bitumen c) The sample ofbitumen emulsion shall be drawn
a)
within 24 h after delivery and tested within
used for penetration, surface treatment, tack
7 days from the date of drawing, unless
coating and mulch treatment.
otherwise specified.
b) Type MS — A medium setting emulsified
bitumen used for plant mixes with coarse 7.1.1 Preparation of Samples
aggregate, all of which is retained on 2.80 mm
1S Sieve with practically no material passing Before carrying out any of the tests, the sample shall be
75 micron IS Sieve. mixed by gentle shaking to ensure uniformity.

c) 7jjpe SS — A slow setting emulsified bitumen 7.2 If the single sample from a single run or batch fails
used for fine aggregate mixes in which a to fhlfill the test requirements under 6, samples shall be
substantial quantity of aggregate passes a drawn on the basis of 7.1 for testing in the same manner.
2.80-mm IS Sieve and a portion may also pass If these samples conform to the requirements of 6, the
a 75 micron IS Sieve. lot shall be accepted, otherwise the lot shall be rejected.

NOTE — These types are to be used only at 8 TESTS


temperature above 4“C. Below 4’IC the utility of the
bitumen emolsion is likely to be impaired because of Unless specified otherwise, tests shall be carried out as
freezing, as such they should preferably be stored described by methods referred in Table 1.
above 4“C.

9 MARKING
6 REQUIREMENTS
9.1 Each container shall be legibly and indelibly marked
6.1 Bitumen emulsion shall be homogeneous. Within with the following:
one year after manufacture it shall show no undispersed a) Name and type of the material;
bitumen after thorough mixing. b) Indication of the source of manufacture;

6.2 The physical and chemical requirements of the three c) Month and year of manufacture;
types of bitumen emulsion shall comply with the d) Batch number;
requirements specified in Table 1. e) Net mass; and

NOTE –- Care shall be exercised to see that materials used in


t) Date ofexpiry.
the manufacture of bitumen shall not have any toxic effects
on the plant or an]mal life. 9.2 BIS Certification Marking
The container may also be marked with the Standard
7 SAMPLING Mark.
7. I For the purpose of testing, the size of the sample
9.2.1 The use of the Standard Mark is governed by the
and the sampling procedure from drums, barrels or bulk
provisions of the Bureau ofIndian Standards Act, 1986
supply shall be as described in IS 1201 subject to the
and the Rules and Regulations made thereunder. The
following:
details of conditions under which the Iicence for the
a) From Drums or Barrels — The contents of use of the Standard Mark may be granted to
drum or barrel frolm which the sample is to be manufacturers or producers may be obtained from the
taken shall be thoroughly mixed by rolling the Bureau of Indian Standards.

. .
IS 3117:2004

Table 1 Requirements of Bitumen Emulsion


(Clauses 6.2 and8)

sl Characteristic Rapid Medium slow Method of Test,


No. Setting Setting Setting Ref to Annex

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)

i) Vkcosity by Saybolt Furol 20-100 20-100 20-100 A


viscometer, in second at 250C

ii) Bitumen content, percent by mass, &fin 65 65 57 B

iii) Settlement, 5 days, percent, Max 3 3 3 c

iv) Demulsibility, 35 ml of 0.02 N 60 — — D


calcium chloride, percent, A4irr

v) Miscibility’l in water, coagulation in 2 h — Nil — E

vi) Modified miscibility with water — — 4.5 F


difference of bitumen content, Max

vii) Cement mixing test, percent, Max — 2.0 G --j

viii) Coating ability and water resistance:

a) Coating dry aggregate . Good —


b) Coating after spraying — Fair —
— — H
c) Coating wet aggregate Fair

d) Coating after spraying — Fair —

ix) Sieve test, percent, Max 0.10 0.10 0.5 J

x) Particle charge Negative Negative Negative K

‘) If the sample of emulsified bitumen being tested fails to conform to the requirement, the sample shall be tested for 5-day settlement
and for miscibility and if the numerical difference between the average percentage of residue in the 5-day settlement test is less than
3, and if the miscibility test shows no appreciable coagulation in 2 h, then the emulsified bitumen shall be considered conforming to
this standard.

.. . . .. .
1S 3117:2004

ANNEX A
[Table 1, SINO. (i)]

VISCOSITY TEST (SAYBOLT FUROL)

A-1 APPARATUS
Outside diameter of 32.0 — 33.0
overflow rim, at the
A-1.l Oil Tube — The oil tube shall be made entirely of
top (see Note)
corrosion-resistant metal as shown in Fig. 1, with or
without plating, conforming to the dimensional Diameter of container 29.55 29.75 29.95
requirements shown below:
Depth of cylindrical 88.0 — —
part of container
Requirements Minimum Normal Maximum
m m m Diameter of container’ 9.0 — —
(1) (2) (3) (4) between bottom of
cylindrical part of
Inside diameter of 3.13 3.15 3.17 container and top
outlet tube
of outlet tube
Outside diameter of 4.0 4.3 4.6 NOTE — The section of overflow rim shall be bounded by
outlet tube at lower straight lines, except that a fillet is permissible at the
end junction with the bottom of gallery,

Length of outlet tube 12.15 12.25 12.35


The lower end of the tube shall be provided with a nut
Height of overflow rim 124.0 125.0 126.0 for locking it in place in the bath and with a cork or other
above bottom of suitable device to prevent flow before the testis started.
outlet tube A string may be attached to the cork to facilitate its
rapid removal.

\
OVER FLOW RIM

\ r
,
INIMUM LEVEL OF
LIQUID IN BATH

-GALLERY TO BE DRAINED
/ BEFORE STARTING FLOW

?J&lATION MARK

I \
60 ml& 0.05

h
UTLET
TUBE

oTTOM OF
Y BATH
__ ————.

All dimensions in centimetres.

FIG. 1 SAYBOLT
FUROL
VISCOMETER
— OILTUESEANORECEIVER

..
1S 3117:2004

A-1. 1.1 Calibrate the oil tube using oils of known furol Table 2 Requirements for Thermometers
viscosity in seconds, or use a tube certified by the (Clause A-1.4.1)
National Physical Laboratory or any other institution
S1 No. Characteristic Requirement
authorized by the Government of India to issue such a
(1) (2) (3)
certificate, or calibrate the tube by comparison with such
a certified tube and apply any correction in excess of O Liquid Mercury
0.2 percent. ii) Filling above liquid Nitrogen gas
iii) Subdivisions O.l”c
iv) Longer graduations line at each 0.5”C
A-1.2 Bath — Bath equipped with a stirring device and v) Graduation numbers at each 1“c
with means for heating or cooling, serves as a support multiple of
to hold the oil tube in the vertical position and as a vi) Immersion Total
vii) Total length 252 to 256 mm
container for the bath liquid. The source of heat or 25 to 35 mm
viii) Bulb length
refrigeration shall be more than 3 cm from the oil tube; ix) Bulb diameter Not less than
and if an external heater is used, it shall be more than 5.0 mm
5 cm fi-om the oil tube. ~) Stem diameter 6.0 to 7.0 mm
xi) Distance of bottom of bulb to 135 to 150 mm
first graduation line
A-1.2. 1 The bath temperature necessary to maintain (corresponding to the beginning
thermal equilibrium, while the liquid in the oil tube is of temperature range)
swell stirred by the oil-tube thermometer, shall vary to xii) Distance of top of thermometer 20 to 35 mm
to last graduation line
within + O.10C, for the specified test temperatures given
(corresponding to the end of
below: temperature range)
xiii) Top finish Glass ring
Temperature Range Temperature of Test xiv) O.l”c
Scale error at any point, Max
T c
19t027 2.5
A-1.5.1 Electrical timing devices are permissible provided
A-1 .2.2 The level of the bath liquid shall be not lower they are accurate and capable of being read to 0.2s.
than 0.5 cm above the overflow rim of the oil tube.
A-1.6 Withdrawal llsbe or Pipette— Used for draining
A-1.3 The receiver shall be of glass with the shape, the gallery, with a smooth t;p of about 3 mm outside
dimensions and tolerances as shown in Fig. 1. diameter and about 2 mm inside diameter.

A-1.4 Oil Tube Thermometers — Four thermometers


A-2 PROCEDURE
graduated in “C, the ranges being chosen to include the
temperatures used in testing as given in A-1.2.1.
A-2.1 Make the viscosity determinations in a room free
A-1.4.1 The thermometer shall conform to the tlom draughts and rapid changes in temperature.
requirements as prescribed in Table 2.
A-2. 1.1 Determinations shall not be made at temperature
A-1 .4.2 The contraction chamber shall be of the long below the dew point of the atmosphere surrounding the
narrow type; the top shall be not more than 60 mm above instrument.
the bottom of the bulb and the mercury shall stand in
the contraction chamber at 00C. A-2. 1.2 For standardization, the room temperature shall
be between 200C and 300C and the actual temperature
A-1 .4.3 The expansion chamber shall permit of heating shall be recorded.
the thermometer to 500C above the highest temperature
on the scale and in all cases shall permit of heating to A-2.1.3 For routine tests, temperatures up to 38°C may
lo@’c. prevail without introducing errors in excess of one
percent.
A-1 .4.4 To prevent contact of the thermometer with the
orifice in the oil tube a suitable support shall be attached A-2.2 Clean the oil tube with a solvent, such as benzene,
to the enlargement of the thermometer stem. and remove excess solvent from the gallery. Pass the
entire material through a 150 micron wire strainer before
A-1.5 Timing Device — A stop-watch graduated in
introducing into the oil tube. Atler the tube is cleaned,
divisions of 0.2 s or less and accurate to within 0.1
pour into the tube a quantity of the material to be tested,
percent when tested over a 60 min period; or other
sufficient to wet the entire surface of the tube. AHow to
equivalent timing device.

5
1S3117 :2004

drain out. Theplunger commonly supplied with the A-2.4.1 The test shall be started over again if the tip of
viscometer shall never be used on instruments the withdrawal tube touches the overflow rim. Under
maintained as standards. Insert the cork stopper not no condition shall the excess liquid be removed by
less than 6.0 mm and not more than 9.5 mm into the rotating the withdrawal tube around the gallery.
lower end of the air chamber at the bottom of the o; 1
tube, taking care that the cork fits tightly enough t,) A-2.5 Place the receiving flask in position so that the
prevent the escape of air, as tested by the absence of oil stream of liquid from outlet tube strikes the neck of the
on the cork after it is withdrawn. If the test temperature flask, care being taken that the graduation mark on the
is above that of the room, heat the material to not more receiving flask is not less than 10 cm, not more than
than 1.5oC above the temperature of test, and if the 13 cm, from the bottom of the bath. Snap the cork from
temperature is below that of the room, cool it to not its position and at the same instant start the timer. Stop
more than 1.50C below the temperature of test. the timer when the bottom of the meniscus of the liquid
reaches the mark on the neck of the receiving flask.
A-2.3 Pour the material into the oil tube until it ceases
to overflow into the gallery. Keep it well stirred with the
A-3 REPORTING RESULTS
oil tube thermometer, care being taken to avoid touching
the outflow tube. Adjust the bath temperature until the
A-3.1 Time in seconds as determined by the prescribed
temperature of the material remains constant.
procedure, with the proper calibration correction, is the
Saybolt Furol Vkcosity of the material at the temperature
A-2.3. 1 After thermal equilibrium has been attained, no
at which the test is made.
further adjustments shall be made in the bath
temperature. The test results shall be discarded if the
A-3.2 Report the results to the nearest 0.1 s for viscosity
indicated bath temperature varies by more than+ 0.030C.
values below 200s and to the nearest whole second for
values 200s or above.
A-2.4 After the temperature of the material in the oil
tube has remained constant with * 0.02°C of the desired
temperature for 1 min with constant stirring, withdraw A-4 REPRODUCIBILITY OF RESULTS
the oil tube thermometer and remove the surplus liquid
quickly from the gallery by means of the withdrawal With proper attention to details of method of prfcedure,
tube so that the level of the material in the gallery is results indifferent laboratories with different operations
below the level in the oil tube proper. Insert the tip of under referee conditions of testing shall not differ by
the withdrawal tube at one point in the gallery. more than 0.5 percent.

.
IS 3117:2004

ANNEX B
[Table 1, SINO. (ii)]

METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF BITUMEN TO CONTENT

B-1 APPARATUS been weighed with the glass rod. Place the beaker along
with the rod in the oven at 163 + 2.8oC for 2 h. At the end
B-1.1 Glass Beakers — low form of 1000 ml capacity of this period remove each beaker and stir the bitumen
made of borosilicate glass. thoroughly. Replace in the oven for another 1 h then
remove and cool at room temperature, weigh the beakers
B-1.2 Glass Rods — With flame polished 6.4 mm in along with the rods.
diameter and 177.7 mm in length.
B-3 CALCULATION
B-1.3 Balance — of 500 g capacity and accurate to
+0.lg. B-3.1 Bitumen content = 2(A – B)

B-1.4 Oven — Thermostatically controlled at a where


temperature of 163+ 2.80C. A = mass of beaker and bitumen, in g; and
B = tare mass of beaker and rod, in g.
B-2 PROCEDURE
B-3.2 Take the average of three values obtained for
Weigh 50+ 0.1 g of thoroughly mixed bitumen emulsion bitumen content percent.
into each of three beakers each of which has previously

ANNEX C
[Table 1, S/NO. (iii)]

SE’ITLEMENT TEST

C-1 APPARATUS each has been thoroughly mixed separately, into separate
600-ml low-form glass heaters and determine the
C-1.1 Cylinders — Two 500-ml graduated cylinders bituminous residue by evaporation at 1630C for 3 h in
(see IS 878) with pressed or moulded glass bases and the apparatus described in IS 1212. After removal of the
cork or glass stoppers. first sample siphon off approximately the next 390 ml
from each of the cylinders. Mix the residue remaining in
C-1.2 Glass Pipette — A 60-ml siphon, glass tube the cylinders thoroughly and weigh out exactly 50 g
pipette or optional form. from each of them, and determine for the two samples
the amount of bitumen residue (all sediment, if any,
C-2 PROCEDURE
included) by evaporation as before.

Place a 500 ml sample in each of the two glass cylinders.


Stopper the cylinders in an airtight manner and allow C-3 CALCULATION AND REPORT
them to stand undisturbed, at laboratory ambient
temperature, for 5 days. After standing for this 5-day The average of bitumen residue of the top two samp!es
period, remove approximately the fwst 55-ml of emulsion and also the bottom two samples shall be expressed as
by means of the pipette or siphon from the top of each percentages by mass. The difference between the two
cylinder without disturbing the balance of its contents. averages (top and bottom) shall be reported as the
Weigh exactly 50 g of each of the two samples, atler settlement.

.,. .,,, ,
IS 3117:2004

ANNEX D
[Table 1, SINO. (iv)]

DEMULSIBILITY TEST

D-1 APPARATUS beaker continuously and vigorously, kneading lumps


against the sides of the beaker to ensure thorough mixing
D-1.1 Wire Cloth — Three pieces of 1.40 mm IS Sieve of the reagent with the emulsion. Perform this operation
iron wire cloth approximately 13 cm2, unframed after bringing the weighed sample of emulsion and the
conforming to IS 460 (Part 1). reagent to the standard temperature of 27 + 1‘C. Fit one
of the wire cloths of the assembly over a beaker or other
D-1.2 Beakers — Three metal beakers of 600 ml suitable vessel and pour the mixture of emulsion and
capacity each. reagent from the appropriate beaker through the wire
cloth. Rinse the beaker containing the sample and metal
D-1.3 Rods — Three metal rods with rounded ends rod with distilled water, knead and break up all lumps,
approximately 8 mm in diameter. and continue washing the beaker, rod and wire cloth
until there is no longer any appreciable colour imparted
D-1.4 Burette — A 50-mi glass burette graduated in to the wash water. After washing as directed, place the
0.1 ml intervals (see IS 1997). beaker, rod and wire cloth used in each individual test in
drying oven, and dry to constant mass at 1630C.
D-2 REAGENTS
D-4 CALCULATION
The following are the reagents required for the test:
The mass thus obtained less the total tare mass of the
a) Calcium chloride solution (0.02 N), and beaker, rod and wire cloth is the mass of the residue by
b) Calcium chloride solution (O. 10 N). the demulsibility test, Calculate the percentage
demulsibility of the samples tested as follows:
D-3 PROCEDURE
A
Determine the percentage of water content by mass as Demulsibility = — X 100 percent
described inIS1211. Record the mass of each assembly B
of beaker, rod and wire cloth. Weigh exactly 100 g of the where
emulsified bitumen into each of the three 600-ml tared A= average mass of residue in grams tiom three
beakers. Over a period of approximately 2 rein, add to tests of each individual sample of emulsified
each beaker, from a burette, 35 ml of 0.02 N calcium bitumen, and
chloride solution, if quick setting emulsion is being
tested or 50 ml of 0.10 N calcium chloride solution, if B= mass of residue in g per 100 g of emulsion
medium setting type is being tested. While adding the obtained from the test described in IS 1211.
solution of calcium chloride, stir the contents of the

ANNEX E
[Tab)e 1, S1 No. (v)]

METHOD OF TEST FOR MISCIBILITY IN WATER

E-1 PROCEDURE
To about 50 ml of the emulsion, gradually add about 210C and 250C. Allow the mixture to stand for 2 h and
150 ml of distilled water, stirring the mixture while adding then examine it for any appreciable coagulation of
the water. The temperature shall preferably be between bitumen content of the emulsion.

-.. ,
IS 3117:2004

ANNEX F
[Table 1, 57N0. (vi)]

METHOD OF TEST FOR MODIFIED MISCIBILITY IN WATER

F-1 APPARATUS F-3 PROCEDURE

F-3.1 Measure 50 ml of the emulsion at a temperature of


F-1.1 Cylinder— 50 ml graduated cylinder (see IS 878). 20 to 25oC into the graduated cylinder and transfer to
the 400 ml beaker. Wash the cylinder with three 50 ml
F-1.2 Beaker —400 ml glass beaker (see IS 2619). portions of distilled water at 20 to 25°C and add the
washings to the beaker, bringing the final volume to
F-1.3 Glass llbe — Three glass tubes, 7 mm in outside 200 ml. Stir the emulsion and water with a glass rod until
diameter, 5 mm in inside diameter and 15 cm in length uniformly mixed, cover the beaker with a watch-glass,
fitted with suitably bored corks, adjusted as described and allow the mixture to stand undisturbed for 2 h.
in F-2.1.
F-3.2 Weigh the three crucibles (or 30-ml beakers), and
a watch-glass for each, to the nearest 0.1 mg. After the
F-1.4 Supporting Strip — Three strips of metal or wood,
diluted emulsion has stood for 2 h, remove the watch-
approximately 15 cm in length, 2.5 cm in width, and
glass and place the supporting strip across the top of
0.5 cm in thickness, with a hole 10 mm in diameter in the 400 ml beaker. Take a sample of approximately 1 g from
centre. the top layers and transfer to one of the crucible or
beakers, using the first 1 cm depth tube as a pipette.
F-1.5 Crucibles — Three 15 or25-ml porcelain crucibles Close the top of tube with the finger, insert the tube to
or three 30 ml beakers of heat-resistant glass. the proper depth, remove the finger while the emulsion
rises in the tubes and then replace the finger on top of
F-1.6 Oven — of constant temperature. the tube so that when the tube is removed its contents
of emulsion will be pippetted from the beaker. Atler
F-1.7 Balance — accurate to 0.1 mg. removal, wipe off the adhering liquid on the outside of
the tube with filter paper before transferring the sample
to the crucible. In like manner, take samples tlom the
F-2 ASSEMBLY OF APPARATUS
middle and bottom of the diluted emulsion using the
second and third tubes respectively. Weigh the
Adjust the position of the corks on the glass tubes by crucibles with their samples of emulsion, and determine
measuring 200 ml of distilled water at 20 to 25°C into the the mass of each of the three samples by difference.
400 ml beaker. Place the supporting strip across the top While weighing cover with watch-glass to retard
of the beaker, inserting a tube through the hole, and evaporation.
adjust the position of the cork so that when the tube is
supported by the cork resting on the strip, the lower F-3.3 Remove the watch-glasses ffom the crucibles and
end of the tube is immersed in the water to a depth of place the samples in the oven at 163°C for 2 h, then
1 cm below the surface. In the same manner, adjust the remove, cool and weigh.
second and third tubes so that the depth of immersion
F-4 CALCULATION AND tiPORT
is 2.5 cm and 4.6 cm respectively.
The percentage of residue in top, middle and bottom
NOTE — Depending on the depth of the beaker the tubes levels shall be calculated. The maximum numerical
shall be so adjusted that the third tube shall project into the difference in percentage of bitumen content between
emulsion so that the tip is within 1 to 1.5 mm of the
any two of the three levels shall be reported.
bottom of the beaker.

,.
IS 3117:2004

ANNEX G
[Table 1, S/No. (vii)]

CEMENTMDUNGTEST

GL1 APPARATUS total water content of 55 percent as determined at 163%


(see IS 1211). Sieve a portion of the cement through 180-
G-1.1 Sieves — 180 micron and 1.40 mm 1S Sieves made micron IS Sieve and weigh 50 g of the cement into the
of iron wire cloth having wire diameter and openings dish. Add 100 ml of the diluted emulsion to the cement
conforming to [S 460 (Part 1). in the dish and weigh the dish with contents. Stir the
mixture at once with the steel rod, using a circular motion,
G-1.2 Dish — A round-bottom dish or kitchen saucepan making 60 complete revolutions during 1 min.
of approximately 500 ml capacity. Immediately at the end of the 1 min. mixing period, add
150 ml of distilled water, and continue the stirring for
G-1.3 Stirring Rod — A steel rod with rounded ends 3 min. Maintain the ingredients and apparatus at a
approximately 12 mm in diameter. temperature of approximately 27C during the mixing
period. Pour the mixture through the tared 1.4 mm
G-1.4 Cylinder — A 100-ml graduated cylinder (see IS Sieve of approximately 75 mm diameter and rinse by
1S878). pouring distilled water from a receptacle held at a height
of approximately 150 mm. Place the sieve in a tared
G-2 CEMENT shallow pan, heat at 1630C in an oven until dry, and
The ordinary Portland cement used in the test shall weigh.
conform to the requirement of IS 269.
G-4 REPORT
G-3 PROCEDURE The mass in grams of the material retained on the sieve
Dilute the emulsion to be tested with distilled water to a and in the pan as the percentage of the emulsion broken.

ANNEX H
[Table 1, SINO. (viii)]

COATING ABILITY AND WATER RESISTANCE

H-1 GENERAL has been washed with water and dried before using. All
This test covers the coating of loose aggregates with aggregates shall pass through the 19 mm IS Sieve and
bituminous emulsion. This test is applicable only to not more than 5 percent shall through the 6.3 mm sieve.
emulsions containing a bitumen base of seamy solid
consistency. It is not applicable to rapid setting H-2.5 Balance — Capable of weighing 1000 g to within
emulsion. 0.01g.

H-2 APPARATUS AN*DMATERIAL H-3 PROCEDURE

H-2.1 Sieves — Standard 19 mm sieve and 6.3 mm sieve


H-3.1 Weigh 465 + 0.1 g of stone aggregate into the
conforming to IS 460 (Part 1).
metal pan. Add 35 + 0.1 g of the emulsion to the stone
in the pan and mix vigorously with the spatula for 3 min.
H-2.2 Spatula — A steel spatula or its equivalent having
a blade approximately 230.2 mm in length.
H-3.2 Record whether or not there is appreciable
H-2.3 Dish — A round bottomed iron dish or a kitchen separation of the bituminous base from the emulsion
saucepan of approximately 1 litre capacity. water and whether or not the stone is uniformly and
thoroughly coated with the emulsion. The coating ability
H-2.4 Stone — A supply of reference stone aggregate shall be expressed as good, fair or poor.

10

4., . .
IS 3117:2004

ANNEX J
[Table 1, SINO. (ix)]

SIEVE TEST

J-1 APPARATUS J-3 PROCEDURE


Record the mass of the sieve and pan, and then wet the
J-1.l Sieve— 850 micron IS Sieve having a flame 7.5* wire cloth of the sieve with the 2 percent solution of
0.5 cm inside diameter and a depth from the top of fkame sodium oleate. Weigh and pour exactly 1 000 g of the
to the cloth of 2.0 cm. The frame shall be of brass and emulsified bitumen through the wire sieve, thoroughly
the joint between the cloth and the sieve shall be washing the container and the residue on the sieve with
smoothly filled with solder or so made that the material the sodium oleate solution until the washings run clear.
being sieves will not catch. Place the pan under the sieve and heat for 2 h in a drying
oven at 1050C, then cool in a desiccator and weigh.
J-1.2 Pan — A tin box cover or shallow metal pan or
appropriate size to fit over the bottom of the sieve. J-4 CALCULATION
The total mass of the sieve, pan and residue in grams
J-2 REAGENT
less the combined tare mass of the sieve and pan, is the
The reagent required for the test is 2 percent of pure mass of the residue by the sieve test. From this mass,
sodium oleate in distilled water. calculate the percentage of residue retained on the sieve.

ANNEX K
[Table 1, SINO. (x)]

TEST FOR PARTICLE CHARGE

K-1 APPARATUS polished copper plates 25 mm x 75 mm, which are


connected to a 12-volt battery circuit through a single
The following apparatus are required for the test: pole singe throw switch, a rheostat and an ammeter, to a
a) A 12-volt battery, depth of 25 mm in the emulsion and the positive and
negative plates are marked.
b) Rheostat 2000 ohms capacity,
c) An ammeter 0.1 ampere capacity, K-2.2 Close the switch and adjust the rheostat such
d) Two 25 mm x 75 mm copper plates, and that the current in the circuit is more than 4 milliamperes.
Open the circuit afler2 min and remove the plates. Gently
e) A glass container of sufficient capacity and wash the plates, if necessary with distilled water to
diameter.
remove unbroken emulsion and then examine.

K-2 PROCEDURE K-2.3 An appreciable layer (continuous opaque film)


of deposited bitumen on the positive plate with a
K-2.1 Take sufficient quantity of a representative sample relatively clean, bitumen-free negative plate indicates a
of bitumen emulsion in a glass container. Immerse two negative particle charge.

11
Bureau of Indian Standards

BIS is a statutory institution established under the Bureau of Indian Standards Act, 1986 to promote
harmonious development of the activities of standardization, marking and quality certification of goods
and attending to connected matters in the country.

Copyright

BIS has the copyright of all its publications. No part of these publications may be reproduced in any form
without the prior permission in writing of BIS. This does not preclude the free use, in the course of
implementing the standard, of necessary details, such as symbols and sizes, type or grade designations.
Enquiries relating to copyright be addressed to the Director (Publications), BIS.

Review of Indian Standards

Amendments are issued to standards as the need arises on the basis of comments. Standards are also reviewed
periodically; a standard along with amendments is reaffirmed when such review indicates that no changes are
needed; if the review indicates that changes are needed, it is taken up for revision. Users of Indian Standards
should ascertain that they are in possession of the latest amendments or edition by referring to the latest issue of
‘BIS Catalogue’ and ‘Standards: Monthly Additions’.

This Indian Standard has been developed from Doc : No. PCD 6(341)

Amendments Issued Since Publication

Amend No. Date of Issue Text Affected

BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS

Headquarters :

Manak Bhavan, 9 Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi 110002 Telegrams : Manaksanstha
Telephones :23230131,23233375,2323 9402 (Common to all offices)

Regional Offices : Telephone

Central : Manak Bhavan, 9 Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg 23237617


NEW DELHI 110002 { 23233841
Eastern : l/14 C.I.T. Scheme VII M, V. 1. P. Road, Kankurgachi 23378499,23378561
KOLKATA 700054 { 23378626,23379120
Northern : SCO 335-336, Sector 34-A, CHANDIGARH 160022 603843
{ 609285

Southern : C.I.T. Campus, IV Cross Road, CHENNAI 600113 22541216,22541442


{ 22542519,22542315
Western : Manakalaya, E9 MIDC, Marol, Andheri (East) 28329295,28327858
MUMBAI 400093 { 28327$91,28327892

Branches : AHMEDABAD. BANGALORE. BHOPAL. BHUBANESHWAR. COIMBATORE. FARIDABAD.


GHAZIABAD. GUWAHATI. HYDERABAD. JAIPUR. KANPUR. LUCKNOW. NAGPUR.
NALAGARH. PATNA. PUNE. RAJKOT. THIRUVANANTHAPURAM. VISAKHAPATNAM.

Printed at Prabhat Oftset Press, New Delhi-2


इंटरनेट मानक

Disclosure to Promote the Right To Information


Whereas the Parliament of India has set out to provide a practical regime of right to
information for citizens to secure access to information under the control of public authorities,
in order to promote transparency and accountability in the working of every public authority,
and whereas the attached publication of the Bureau of Indian Standards is of particular interest
to the public, particularly disadvantaged communities and those engaged in the pursuit of
education and knowledge, the attached public safety standard is made available to promote the
timely dissemination of this information in an accurate manner to the public.

“जान1 का अ+धकार, जी1 का अ+धकार” “प0रा1 को छोड न' 5 तरफ”


Mazdoor Kisan Shakti Sangathan Jawaharlal Nehru
“The Right to Information, The Right to Live” “Step Out From the Old to the New”

IS 8887 (2004): Bitumen Emulsion for Roads (Cationic Type)


[PCD 6: Bitumen Tar and their Products]

“!ान $ एक न' भारत का +नम-ण”


Satyanarayan Gangaram Pitroda
“Invent a New India Using Knowledge”

“!ान एक ऐसा खजाना > जो कभी च0राया नहB जा सकता ह”


है”

Bhartṛhari—Nītiśatakam
“Knowledge is such a treasure which cannot be stolen”
/’

IS 8887:2004

Indian Standard
BITUMEN EMULSION FOR ROADS
(CATIONIC TYPE) — SPECIFICATION
(Second Revision)

ICS 75.140:93.080.20

0 BIS 2004

BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS


MANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG
NEW DELHI 110002

ltf[lrch 2004 Price Group 6


Bitumen, Tar and Their Products Sectional Committee, PCD 6

FOREWORD

This Indian Standard (Second Revision) was adopted by the Bureau of Indian Standards, after the draft finalized by
the Bitumen, Tar and Their Products Sectional Committee had been approved by the Petroleum, Coal and Related
Products Division Council.

This standard was first published in 1978 and was subsequently revised in 1995. The first revision inco~orated
certain new tests and the deletion of obsolete ones. In this revision the following changes have been made:

a) Rapid setting (RS) grade emulsion has been divided into two different grades of emulsions. The nomenclature
for the proposed emulsions has been indicated as RS- 1 emulsion and RS-2 emulsion. Similarly, slow setting
(SS) emulsion has also been divided as SS-1 and SS-2 emulsion.

b) Recommended use and requirements have been included for RS- 1 and RS-2 grades. Requirements have
been included for SS- 1 and SS-2 grades also.

c) Method for determination of residue on sieving on 600-rnicron IS sieve (see Annex B) and coating ability
and water resistance (see Annex F) have been updated.

d) The modifications given in Amendment No. 1 have been incorporated.

Cationic bitumen emulsion usage in India has increased substantially since the introduction of the revised
specifications in 1995. The usage of emulsion as a percentage of total bitumen usage has gone up from 1 to 3 percent
in the last five years. The international status for emulsion usage is 10 percent of total bitumen usage. The proposed
revised Ministry of Surface Transport (MOST) specification for road works is expected to substantially widen the
scope for emulsion usage in various road applications. Therefore, new types of emulsion grades have been
incorporated in this revision.

Out of the present emulsion consumption, nearly 60-65 percent of emulsion is used in tack coat applications.
Introduction of a grade similar to ASTM CRS 1 is being mooted to facilitate better spread of the emulsion within the
recommended quantity especially for State Highways and low volume roads also where the spraying is done
manually in most of the cases. The viscosity of this emulsion is suggested at a lower range between 20-100 SFS at
50°C for ease of application and good coverage on the existing surface (especially since the method of application
is still manual in most cases). The storage stability has been suggested as 2.0 Max since it is revealed that there is
a tendency for emulsions manufactured with lower binder content to have less storage stability but this does not
seriously alter the life or the other characteristics of the emulsion. The aforesaid emulsion is called as RS- 1 emulsion.

In several states, single coat/two coat surface dressing including synchronized surface dressing is being carried out
to improve the road connectivity at low cost especially in rural areas. It has been proven that an emulsion with a
higher viscosity range is ideally suited for such application. Considerable assistance has been derived from ASTM
D 2397 in formulation of this standard. The suggested viscosity range for RS-2 is similar to ASTM CRS-2 from 100
to 300 SFS at 50° C. The recommended uses of five grades of emulsified bitumen of the cationic type prescribed in
this standard are given in Annex A.

The composition of the Committee responsible for formulation of this standard is given in Annex K.

For the purpose of deciding whether a particular requirement of this standard is complied with, the final value,
observed or calculated, expressing the result of a test or analysis, shall be rounded off in accordance with IS 2:1960
‘Rules for rounding off numerical values (revised)’. The number of significant places retained in the rounded off
value should be the same as that of the specified value in this standard.
IS 8887:2004

Indian Standard
BITUMEN EMULSION FOR ROADS
(CATIONIC TYPE) — SPECIFICATION
(Second Revision)

1 SCOPE 3 TERMINOLOGY
This standard covers the physical and chemical For the purpose of this standard, the definition given in
requirements of bitumen emulsion (cationic type) for IS 334 and the following shall apply.
road works.
3.1 Cationic Emulsion
2 REFERENCES An emulsions in which the cation of the emulsifier is at
The following standards contain provisions, which the interface of the bitumen particle; an emulsion in
through reference in the text, constitute provisions of which the particles are positively charged and the
this standard. At the time of publication the editions aqueous phase is acidic. Breaking of these emulsions
indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision occurs by neutralization of charge.
and parties to agreements based on this standard are
encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying 4 MATERIALS
the most recent editions of the standards listed below: 4.1 Any suitable grade of bitumen as given in IS 73
with or without addition of suitable flux, maybe used.
IS No. Title
4.2 Any emulsifying agent or any other ingredient,
73:1992 Paving bitumen (second revision) which either quality-wise or quantity-wise, is likely to
269 1989 Ordinary Portland cement 33 grade affect or harden the residue bitumen beyond the limits
(/iourth revision) specified in S1No. (ix) of Table 1 shall not be used.

334 1982 Glossary of terms relating to bitumen 5 GRADES


and tar (second revision)
Emulsified bitumen shall be of the following five grades:
460 Part 2): Testsieves: Part2 Perforated plate test
1985 sieves (third revision) Grade

1201:1978 Methods of testing tar and bituminous a) Rapid Setting-1 Rs-1


materials — Sampling @rst revision) b) Rapid Setting-2 RS-2
1203:1978 Methods of testing tar and bituminous c) Medium Setting MS
materials — Determination of d) Slow Setting-1 Ss-1
penetration (first revision)
e) Slow Setting-2 SS-2
1208:1978 Methods of testing tar and bituminous
materials — Determination of ductility 6 REQUIREMENTS
(jirst revision) 6.1 Bitumen emulsion shall be homogeneous. Within
1216:1978 Methods of testing tar and bituminous one year after manufacture date, it shall show no
materials — Determination of volubility un-dispersed bitumen after thorough mixing.
in trichloroethylene Wrst revision)
6.2 The physical and chemical requirements of the five
3117:2002 Specification for bitumen emulsion for grades of emulsions shall comply with the requirements
roads (anionic type) (jirst revision) specified in Table 1.

1
IS 8887:2004

Table 1 Physical and Chemical Requirements of Bitumen


Emulsion (Cationic Type)
(Clauses 4.2 and 6.2)

S1 No. Characteristic Grade of Emulsion Method of Test, Ref to

RS-I RS-2 MS Ss-1 SS-2 “IS No. Annex


of this
Standard
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9)

1) Residue on 600 micron 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 B


IS Sieve, percent by mass, Max

11) Viscosity by saybolt furol 3117


viscometer, seconds:
l) At25° C — — 20-100 30-150
2) At 50° C 20-100 100-300 50-300 —

iii) Coagulation of emulsion at Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil c


low temperature’)

iv) Storage stability after 24 h, 2 1 1 2 2 D


percent, Max

v) Particle charge Positive Positive Positive Weak Positive — E


Positive

vi) Coating ability and water F


resistance:
1) Coating, dry aggregate Good —
2) Coating, after spraying Fair —
3) Coating, wet aggregate — Fair — —
4) Coating, after spraying Fair —

VI!) Stability to mixing with cement 2 2 G


(percentage coagulation), Max

VIII) Misclbilitv with water No No No No H


Coagulation Coagulation Coagulation Coagulation

ix) Tests on residue:


t) Residue by evaporation, 60 67 65 50 60 J
percent, A4in
2) Penetration25°C/ 100g/ 80-150 80-150 60-150 60-350 60-120 1203 —
5 sec
3) Ductility 27° C/cm, A4in 50 50 50 50 50 1208 .

4) Solubllity : 98 98 98 98 98 1216
In trichloroetbylene,
percent by mass, Min

~) Distillation in percent, by volume at:


1) 190”C 20- 55 —

2) 225°C 30- 75
3) 260”C 40- 90 —

4) 315°C 60-100 —

xl ) Water content, percent by mass, M(IX 20

‘) ‘[’his requirement shall be applicable only under situations where the ambient temperature IS below 15°C

2
IS 8887:2004

7 SAMPLING 7.2 If the single sample from a single run fails to fulfil
7.1 For the purpose of testing, the size of the sample the test requirements specified in 6, sample shall be
and the sampling procedure from drums, barrels or bulk drawn on the basis of 7.1 for testing in the same manner.
supply shall be as described in IS 1201 subject to the If these samples conform to requirement of 6 the lot
following: shall be accepted otherwise the lot shall be rejected.

a) From Drums or Barrels — The content of drum


8 MARKING
or barrel from which the sample is to be taken
shall be thoroughly mixed by rolling the 8.1 Each container shall be legibly and indelibly marked
container to and fro for a period of 2 to 3 tin, with the following:
successively in opposite direction, allowing a) Indication of the source of manufacture,
at least five revolutions of the container in each b) Month and year of manufacture,
direction and then up-ending the container c) T~e/Grade,
through two revolutions first in one direction d) Batch number, and
and then in the opposite direction. e) Date ofexpiry.
b) From Bulk — Where practicable, bulk delivery
8.1.1 BIS Certi~cation Marking
of bitumen emulsion shall be agitated by forced
circulation or air agitation, before sampling. The container may also be marked with the Standard
Mark.
c) The sample ofbitumen emulsion shall be drawn
within 24 h after delivery and tested within 7
8.1.1.1 The use of the Standard Mark is governed by
days from the date of drawing, unless otherwise
the provisions of the Bureau of Indian Standards Act,
specified.
1986 and the Rules and Regulations made thereunder.
The details of conditions under which the Iicence for
7.1.1 Preparation of Samples
the use of the Standard Mark may be granted to
Before carrying out any of tests, the sample shall be manufacturers or producers may be obtained from the
mixed by gentle shaking to ensure uniformity. Bureau of Indian Standards.

3
IS 8887:2004

ANNEX A
(F’orewor@

RECOMMENDED USE OF CATIONIC EMULSION

A-1 The recommended uses of five types of emulsified retained on 2.36 mm IS Sieve and
bitumen of the cationic type suggested in this revision practically none of which passes 180
are given below: micron IS Sieve, and also for surface
dressing and penetration macadam.
‘ljpe Recommended Uses
Ss-1 SS- 1 is used for other applications such
as fog seal, crack sealing, prime coat
Rs-1 Rapid setting emulsion grade RS- 1 is
applications.
specially recommended for tack coat
applications. SS-2 A slow setting emulsion used for plant or
road mixes with graded and fine
RS-2 Rapid setting emulsion grade RS-2
aggregates, a substantial quantity of
specially recommended for surface
which passes a 2.36 mm IS Sieve, and a
dressing work.
portion of which may pass a 75 micron IS
MS A medium setting emulsion used for plant Sieve. Examples of its uses are cold mixed
or road mixes with coarse aggregates MSS, SDBC and slurry seal.
minimum 80 percent, all of which is

ANNEX B
[Foreword and Table 1, S1No. (i)]

METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF RESIDUE BY SIEVING THROUGH 600-MICRON IS SIEVE

B-1 APPARATUS and weigh, together with the dish, to the nearest 0.01 g
( JVl).Remove the sieve from the dish and moisten with
B-1.1 600 Micron IS Sieve — A circular sieve
the solution. Remove uniformly the 4-litre sample by
approximately 100 mm in diameter and 40 mm height.
gentle agitation and strain immediately through the sieve
into the clean, dry, weighed container (W+). Sieve the
B-1.2 Metal or Glass Dish — A small metal or glass
low and high viscosity emulsion at room temperature
dish about 110 mm in diameter (such as a clock glass).
and 50”C respectively. When whole of the emulsion has
been passed through the sieve, remove the sieve and
B-1.3 Oven — A well ventilated oven thermostatically
weigh the container to the nearest 1g (WI). Wash the
controlled to 100 to 110 “C.
sieve repeatedly with distilled water until the washings
run clear. Place the sieve in the small dish to dry for 2 h
B-1.4 Balances — One of capacity 250 g and accuracy
in the oven at 105 f 5°C, Cool and reweigh together to
of 0.01 g and one of capacity 10 kg and accuracy of 1 g.
the nearest 0.01 g (J4’J.

B-1.5 Container — A clean, weighed, 1.5-litre container.


B-4 CALCULATIONS

B-2 MATERIALS w, – WI
Percentage retained = x 100
B-2.1 Solution — Distilled water w,– w,

where
B-2.2 Solvents — Xylene and acetone.
W, = mass, in g, of sieve and small dish;
Wz= mass, in g, of container and emulsion;
B-3 PROCEDURE
W,= mass, in g, of sieve, small dish and
Wash the sieve with xylene and then with acetone. Place residue; and
it in the dish, dry in the oven at 100 to 11O°C for lh, cool J7q= mass, in g, of container.

4
IS 8887:2004

B-5 REPORT Sieve Test, Repeatability, Reproducibility,


Percent Percent Percent
The percentage of mass retained as calculated
under B-4 shall be reported. Retained

o to 0.05 0.02 0.04


B-6 PRECISION
The duplicate test results should not differ by more
than the following:

ANNEX C
[Table 1, SINO. (iii)]

METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF COAGULATION OF EWIONS AT LOW TEMPERATURE

C-1 APPARATUS tube from warm water and plunge into the beaker
C-1.l Glass Boiling Tube — 150 mm long and 25 mm in containing iced water at the bottom of which crushed
internal diameter, provide with a cork and central hole ice is retained by piece of wire gauge. During the cooling
13 mm in diameter. process stir slowly. Lower the temperature of water by
adding common salt, to– 1 to – 1.5°C so that the
C-1.2 Sieve — 600-micron IS Sieve. temperature of the emulsion is reduced to O “C. At O°C
discontinue stirring and transfer the tube to another
C-1.3 Beaker — Two, 600-ml capacity. beaker with a freezing mixture at a temperature of– 3 to
– 4°C and allow the emulsion to remain quiescent for 30
C-1.4 Water-Bath — Thermostatically controlled. min. Remove the tube from the freezing mixture without
disturbance and allow the temperature of the content to
rise spontaneously to room temperature. Moisten the
C-2 MATERIALS
sieve with cetrimide and pass the emulsion through the
C-2.1 Solution sieve. Wash the tube free from emulsion and other
One percent solution of cetrimide (a mixture of residue with cetrimide and pass the washings through
alkyltrimethyl ammonium bromide) in N/l Ohydrochloric the sieve. The coagulated bitumen, if any, will be retained
acid. on the sieve.

C-2.2 Solvents C-4 REPORT


Xylene and acetone. Report the emulsion as passed, if no coagulation takes
place.
C-3 PROCEDURE
NOTE — It’ the emulsion is exposed to temperature below
Wash 600-rnicron IS Sieve with xylene, acetone and 4°C during storage/transportation the following additional
distilled water. Moisten the clean sieve with cetrimide. criteria shall apply:
Pass some of the emulsions through the sieve and
introduce 20 ml of sieved emulsion into the boiling tube. a) Subzero temperature –15°C;
Bring the emulsion by plunging the tube into the water b) Freezing and thawing cycle shall be repeated three
times; and’
at 30°C and stir gently with the thermometer until After the third cycle, the emulsion shall be
c)
temperature of the emulsion is constant. Remove the examined for homogeneity.

ANNEX D
[Table 1, SINO. (iv)]

METHOD OF DETERMLNATION OF STORAGE STABILITY

D-1 APPARATUS pressed or moulded glass bases and cork or glass


stoppers, having an outside diameter of 50 f 5 mm and
D-1.1 Cylinders — Two 500-ml glass cylinders, with having 5 ml graduations.

5
IS 8887:2004

D-1.2 Glass Pipette—A 60rnl siphon glass tube NOTE — Care shall be taken to prevent loss of bitumen
from the beaker through foaming or spattering or both.
pipette.
For this reason, 1 000 ml beakers are recommended. Also,
the placing of beakers and emulsion samples in a cold or
D-1.3 Balance, capable of weighing 500 g within warm oven and bringing the oven and sample up to a
*o.lg. temperature of 163°C together is permissible. If preferred,
preliminary evaporation of water may be accomplished by
careful heating on a hot-plate followed by oven treatment
D-1.4 Glass Beakers — Three glass beakers of 600 or
at 163°C for I h.
1 000-ml capacity, made of borosilicate glass.
D-2.3 After removal of the sample, siphon off the next
D-1.5 Glass Rods, with flame polished ends, 6.5 f 390 ml (approximate) from each of the cylinders.
0.5 mm in diameter and 175 t 5 mm in length. Thoroughly mix the emulsion remaining in the cylinders
and weigh 50 ? 0.1 g into separate weighed 600 or
D-1.6 Oven — Thermostatically controlled, capable of 1000 ml glass beakers. Determine the bituminous residue
maintaining temperature of 163 f 2.8 “C.
of these samples in accordance with D-2.2.

D-2 PROCEDURE D-3 CALCULATION


D-2.1 Bring the bitumen emulsion to room temperature
Calculate the storage stability as the numerical difference
(20 to 30°C). Place a 500 ml representative sample in
between the average percentage of bituminous residue
each of the two glass cylinders. Stopper the cylinders found in the two top samples and that found in the two
and allow them to stand undisturbed, at laboratory air bottom samples.
temperature (20 to 30”C), for 24 h. After standing for
this period, remove approximately 55 ml from the top of D-4 PRECISION
the emulsion by means of the pipette or siphon without
disturbing the rest. Thoroughly mix each portion. D-4.1 Duplicate determinations by the same operator
shall not be considered suspect if the determined values
D-2.2 Weigh 50 ~ 0.1 g of each sample into separately do not differ by more than 0.5 percent.
weighed 600 or 1 000 ml glass beakers, each beaker
having previously been weighed with the glass rod D-4.2 Reproducibility
(see D-1.5). Adjust the temperature of the oven to 163 + The vahres reported by each of the two laboratories
2.8”C. Then place the beakers containing the rods and representing the arithmetic average of duplicate
sample in the oven for 2 h. At the end of this period determinations shall not be considered suspect vah.tes,
remove each beaker and thoroughly stir the residue. if the reported values do not differ by more than
Replace in the oven for 1 h, then remove the beakers 0.6 percent.
from the oven, allow to cool to room temperature, and
weigh, with the rods (see Note).
ANNEX E
[Table 1, SINO. (v)]

METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF PARTICLE CHARGE

E-1 APPARATUS stainless steel plates 25 mm x 75 mm which are


connected to a 12 V battery circuit through a switch, a
E-1.l Current Source —A 12 V battery.
rheostat and an ammeter, to a depth of 25 mm and mark
the +ve and –ve plates. Close the switch and adjust the
E-1.2 Rheostat, of 2000 Ohm capacity.
rheostat so that the current in the circuit is more than
4 mA. Open the circuit after 30 min and remove the
E-1.3 Ammeter, of 0.1 Ampere capacity.
plates. Gently wash the plates, if necessary with distilled
water to remove unbroken emulsion and then examine.
E-1.4 Stainless Steel Plates—Two, 25 mm x 75 mmsize.
E3 REPORTING
E-1.5 Glass Container, of 500 rrd capacity.
An appreciable layer (continuous opaque film) of
deposited bitumen on the negative plate (cathode) with
E-2 PROCEDURE
a relatively clean bitumen free positive plate (anode)
Take sufficient quantity of a representative sample of indicates a cationic emulsion of positively charged
bitumen emulsion in the glass container. Immerse two particles.

6
IS 8887:2004

ANNEX F
[Foreword and Table 1, Sl No. (vi)]

COATING ABILITY AND WATER RESISTANCE

F-1 APPARATUS F-2.2 Calcium Carbonate — Chemically pure


F-1.l Mixing Pan — A whole enamelled kitchen pan precipitated (CaCOJ shall be used as a dust to be mixed
with handle, of approximately 3-litre capacity. with the standard aggregate.

F-1.2 Mixing Blade — A putty knife with a 30 mm x F- 2.3 Water — Tap water of not over 250 ppm CaCO,
90 mm steel blade with rounded comers. A 254 mm hardness for spraying over the sample.
kitchen mixing spoon may be used as an alternative.
F-3 SAMPLE
F-1.3 Sieve — Standard sieve of 19 mm and 4.75 mm The sample shall be representative of the bitumen
conforming to IS 460 (Part 2). emulsion to be tested.

F-1.4 Constant Head Water Spraying Apparatus — F-4 PROCEDURE FOR TEST WITH WET
An apparatus for applying tap water in a spray under a AGGREGATE
constant head of 775 mm. The water shall issue from the
apparatus in a low velocity spray. F-4.1 Carry out the test at 24 t 5.5°C.

F-1.5 Thermometer — It shall be of the mercury in- F-4.2 Weigh 460 g of the air dried/graded limestone
glass type nitrogen filled, with the stem made of lead aggregates in the mixing pan.
glass or other suitable glass. It shall be engraved and
enamelled at the back and provided with an expansion F-4.3 Weigh 4 g of CaC03 dust in the mixing pan and
chamber and glass ring at the top. The bulb shall be mix with the 460 g of aggregate for approximately 1 min
cylindrical, made of suitable thermometric glass. The by means of a mixing blade to obtain uniform film of
dimensions, tolerances and graduations of the dust on the aggregate particles. The total weight of
thermometer shall be as follows: aggregate shall be 460 g.

Range : –2 “C to 80°C
F-4.4 Pipette 9.3 ml of water to the aggregate and CaCO,
Graduation at each : 0.2 “c
dust mixture into the mixing pan and mix thoroughly to
Longer lines at each : l°C
obtain uniform wetting.
Figures at each : 2°c
ImersioL mm : Total
F-4.5 Weigh 35 g of bitumen emulsion into the aggregate
Overall length, mm : 378-384
in the pan and mix vigorously with the mixing blade for
Length of graduated
5 min by a back and forth motion in an elliptical path of
portion, mm : 243-279
the mixing blade of spoon. At the end of the mixing
Length of bulb, mm : 9-14
period, tilt the pan and permit any excess emulsion not
Bulb diameter : No larger than stem diameter
Stem diameter, mm : 6.0-7.0 on the aggregate to drain from the pan.
Distance from bottom
of bulb to O°C, mm : 75-90 F-4.6 Remove approximately one half of the mixture from
Scale error, J4ax : 0.2°C the pan and place it on absorbent paper and evaluate
the coating.
F-1.6 Balance, capable of weighing 1 000 g within
fo.lg. F-4.7 Immediately spray the mixture remaining in the
pan with tap water from the constant head water
F-1.7 Pipette, of 10-ml capacity. spraying apparatus to cover the mixture. The distance
from the spray head to the sample shall be (305 f
F-2 MATERIALS 75 mm). Then carefully pour off the water. Continue
F-2.1 Aggregate — Standard limestone aggregate shall spraying and pouring off the water until the overflow
be a laboratory washed and air cooled aggregate graded water runs clear. Carefully drain off the water on the
to pass 19 mm sieve and retained on 4.75 mm sieve. pan. Scoop the mixture from the mixing pan on to

7
IS 8887:2004

absorbent paper for evaluation of coating retention in F-5.2 At the end of the mixing period record the coating
the washing test. of the total aggregate surface area by the bitumen
emulsion as good, fair or poor. Where a rating of good
F-4.8 Evaluate the mixture immediately by visual means filly coated by the bitumen emulsion is exclusive
estimation as to the total aggregates surface area that is of pinholes and sharp edges of the aggregates; a rating
coated with bitumen. of fair coating applies to the condition of an excess of
coated area over uncoated area; and a rating of poor
F-4.9 Report the evaluation by visual estimation of the applies to the condition of an excess of uncoated area
coating of the aggregate surface area by bitumen after over coated area.
the mixture has been surface air dried in the laboratory
at room temperature. A fan may be used for drying if F-5.3 After spraying with water record the coating of
desired. the total aggregate surface area by the bitumen as good,
fair or poor.
F-5 REPORTING OF TEST RESULTS
F-5.4 Comments about the results of the test may be
F-5.1 Evaluate and report the following information for
included in the valuation.
tests with both dry and wet aggregates.

ANNEX G
[Table 1, SINO. (vii)]

STABILITY TO MIXING WITH CEMENT

G -1 APPARATUS through 150 micron IS Sieve and weigh 50 g into the


G-1.1 Sieve — A 1.40 mm IS Sieve approximately metal dish. Weigh the 1.40 mm IS Sieve and shallow pan
100 m in diameter and 40 mm in height and 150 micron to nearest 0.1 (W,). Add 100-ml of emulsion to the cement
IS Sieve approximately 200 mm in diameter. in the dish and stir the mixture at once with the steel rod
with a circular motion making about 60 rev/rnin. At the
G-1.2 Metal Dish — A round-bottomed metal utensil end of 1 min mixing period add 150 ml freshly boiled
of approximately 500-ml capacity. distilled water at room temperature and continue stirring
for 3 min. Maintain the ingredients at a temperature of
G-1.3 Steel Rod — A steel rod with rounded ends approximately 25°C during mixing. Pour the mixture
13 mm in diameter. through the weighed 1.40 mm IS Sieve and rinse with
distilled water. Place the sieve in weighed pan, heat in
G-1.4 Balance — 250 g capacity accurate to 0.1 g. the oven at 110”C until dry and weigh to nearest 0.1 g
( w,).
G-1.5 Graduated Cylinder, of 100 ml capacity.

C-1.6 Shallow Pan, of 100-mm diameter and of about G-4 CALCULATION


50-nd capacity. W,-w,
Coagulation value = — x 100
G-1.7 Oven — A well-ventilated oven controlled at w,
1loot. where
WI= mass, in g, of weighed sieve and pan;
G-2 MATERIAL W,= mass, in g, of the sieve and pan and the
Ordinary Portland cement conforming to IS 269. It shall material retained on them; and
be kept in sealed container and not exposed to Wj= mass, in g, of binder in 100-ml of diluted
atmosphere before use. emulsion determined according to Annex J.

G-3 PROCEDURE G-5 REPORT


Make up the water content of the emulsion to 50 percent Report the coagulation value as percentage the nearest
by adding extra water, if necessary. Pass the cement whole number.

8
IS 8887:2004

G-6 PRECISION Cement Mixing Repeatability Reproducibility


The duplicate test results shall not differ by more than Mass, Percent Mass, Percent Mass, Percent
the following: oto2 0.2 0.4

NOTE — Ordinary portland cement conforming to 1S 269


shall be used.

ANNEX H
[Table 1, SINO. (viii)]

METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF MISCIBILITY WITH WATER

H-1 PROCEDURE of 20- 30”C. Allow the mixture to stand for 2 h and
Gradually add 150 ml distilled water, with constant stirring examine it for any appreciable coagulation of the bitumen
to 50 ml of emulsion in a 400-ml beaker at a temperature content of the emulsion.

ANNEX J
[Table 1, SINO. (ix)(l)]

METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF RESIDUE BY EVAPORATION

J-1 APPARATUS where


J-1.1 Glass Beakers — Low form of 1000-ml capacity A = mass of beaker, rod and residue, in g; and
made of borosilicate glass. B = tare mass of beaker and rod, in g.

J-1.2 Glass Rods, with flame polished 6.5 f 0.5 mm in


J-3.2 Take the average of three values obtained for
diameter and 175 i 0.5 mm in length.
residue, percent.
J-1.3 Balance, of 500 g capacity and accurate to i 0.1 g.
J-4 TESTS ON RESIDUE
J-1.4 Oven — Thermostatically controlled at a
temperature of 163 f 2.8 “C. J-4.1 Penetration

J-2 PROCEDURE Determine penetration on a sample of the residue in


accordance with IS 1203.
Weigh 50 f 0.1 g of thoroughly mixed emulsion into
each of three beakers each of which has previously been
J-4.2 Ductility
weighed with the glass rod. Place the beaker along with
the rod in the oven at 163 k 2.8 “C for 2 h. At the end of Determine the ductility on a representative portion of
this period remove each beaker and stir the residue the residue in accordance with IS 1208.
thoroughly. Replace in the oven for another 1 h then
remove and cool at room temperature, weigh the beakers J-4.3 Volubility in Trichloroethylene
along with the rods.
Determine the volubility in trichloroethylene on a
J-3 CALCULATION representative sample of the residue in accordance with
J-3.1 Residue, percent = 2 (A -B) IS 1216.
IS 8887:2004

ANNEX K
(ForewoJ-~

COMWI’ITEE COMPOSITION

Bitumen, Tar and Their Products Sectional Committee, PCD 6

Orgflrrizalion Representative(s)

CentI-al Road Research Institute, New Delhi PROF P. K. SIKDAR(Chairman)


SHRISONILBOSE(Mernate 1)
DR P. K. JAIN (A[ternafe H)

13harat Petroleum Corporation Limited, Mumbai SHRIJ. A. JANAI


SHRIABHIJITUPADHYE
(.4k-nafe)

Building Materials and Technology Promotion Council, SHRIR. K. CELLY


Ncw Delhi SHRIB. ANILKUMAR(Alternate)

Central Public Works Department, New Delhi SHRIS. B. JHAMB


SHRIV. K. SHARMA(Alternate)

Central Fuel Research Institute, Dhanbad A. BHATTACWARYA


DR(SHRIMATI)
SHRIU. BHAITACHARYA
(Ahernde)

Cochin Refineries Limited, Cochin SHRIC. L ROY


SHRIV. PAILY(Alternate)

Dr Uppal’s Testing and Analytical Laboratory, Ghaziabad SHRIR. S. SHUKLA

Durgapur Projects Limited, Durgapur DR H. S. SARKAR


SHRIULLASHGHOSH(Alternate)

Directorate General of Supplies and Disposals, New Delhi SHRIN. K. KAUSHAL

Directorate General Border Roads, New Delhi SHRIK. K. Y. MAHINDRAKAR


SHRIA. K. GUFTA(Mfernate)

Engineer-in-Chief’s Army Headquarters, New Delhl COL V. K. P. SINGH


LT COL R. S. BHANWALA
(Alternate)

I lighway Research Station, Chennai SHFUS. SARAVANAVSL


DR D. THIRUNAKKARASU
(Mterrrafe)

}Ilndustan Petroleum Corporation Limited, Mumbai SHRIVIJAYK. BHATNAGAR


(Alternate)
SHRIA. S. PRABHAKAR

Hindustan Colas Limited, Mumbai SHRJP. RAJENDRAN


SHRJH. PADMANABHAN
(Alternate)

lndian institute of Petroleum, Debra Dun SHRIU. C. GUPTA


SHRIMOHDANWAR(Alternale)

lndian Oil Corporation Limited (Marketing Division), SHRIMANOJMATHUR


Mumbai SHRIPREMKUMAR(Alfernaie)

lndian Oil Corporation Linlited[(R&D) Centre], Faridabad SHRIB. R. TYAGI


SHRIM. P. KALA(Alternate)

Indian Oil (’corporation (R&P), New Delhi SHRIU. K. BASU


SHRIS. K. PRASAD(Alternate)

Indian Roads Congress, New Delhi SHRIA. V. SINHA


SHRJSANJAYNIRMAL(Alternate)

I loyci Insulatlcrns (India) Limited, New Delhi SW AJAYSI~GH


SHRIA. K. RASTOGI(A[ternnte)

Ministi-y OF SurPace Transport (Department of SHRIS. K. PURI


Surface ‘1’ransport), New Delhi SHRIM. P. SHARMA(Al[ernde)

Ministry ot’ Defencc (DGQA), New Delhi SHRIK. H. GANDHI


SHRIA. K. SINHA(Ahernafe)
(Con[inued o)! prrge I I )

10
IS 8887:2004

(Conlinuedfrom page 10)

Organization Representative(s)

Chennai Petroleum Corporation Ltd, Chennai SHRIM. S. SHAYAMSUNDER


SHRIB. SAIRAM(Alternate)

National Test House, Kolkata SHRIA. K. CHAKRABORTY


SHRIS. K. AGARWAL
(Alternafe)

National Building Organization, New Delhi SHRIA. K. LAL


SHRIA. G. DHONGADE
(Alternate)

Public Works Department, Government of West Bengal, SHJUAMIZAVA


CHATTERJEE
Kolkata SHRIRABINDFLA
NATHBASU(A[ternafe)

Public Works Department, Mumbai SHRIV. B. BORGE

Pubhc Works Department, Uttar Pradesh SHRIV. P. BANSAL


DR G. P. S. CHAUHAN(Alternate)

Public Works Department, Tamil Nadu SHRJN. DAYANANDAN


(Alternale)
SHRIP. JAYAFLAMAN

Regional Research Laboratory, Jorhat DR R. C. BARUAH

STP Limited, Kolkata SHRIT. K. ROY


SHRIG. GHANSHAM
DAS(Alfernate)

University of Roorkee, Roorkee PKOFH. C. MEHNDIRATTA

BIS Directorate General SHRIANJANKAR, Director & Head (PCD)


[Representing Director General (Ex-oflicio)]

Member Secreta~
DR(SHIUMATI)VIJAYMALIK
Director (PCD), BIS

Methods of Test for Bitumen Tar and Their Products Subcommittee, PCD 6:1

Central Rcmd Research Institute, New Delhi SHRISUNILBOSE(Convener)


DR P. K. JAIN (Alternate)

13harat Petroleum Col-poration Limited., Mumbai SHRIJ. A. JANAJ


DR NOBLEGEORGE(Alternate)

Bh!lai Chemical Private Limited, Ranchi SHRIO. P. NANGALLIA

Cochin Refineries Limited, Cochin SHIUV. PAILY


SHRIR. VE~UGOPAL
(Alternate)

Durgapur Projects Limited, Durgapur DR H. S. SARKAR

Highway Research Station, Chennai DIREmOR


DEPUTYDIRECTOR(Alternate)

lllndustan Colas Limited, Mumbai SHWH. PAOMANABHAN


(Alrernafe)
SHRIVIJAYK. BHATNAGAR

Indian Institute of Petroleum, Dehm Dun SHRIMOHDANWAR


SHRIU. C. GUPTA(Alfernate)

Indian Oil Corporation Limited (Marketing Division), SHRJR. S. SISODIA


Mumbai SHRIV. P. GUPTA(Alternate)

Lloyd Insulations (India) Limited, New Delhi SHRJMOHITKHANNA


SHRIK. K. MITRA(Alternate)

Madras Refinery Limited, Chennai SHRJM. S. SHAYAMSUNDER


SHRIB. SAIRAM(Alfernate)

Neyveli Lignite Corporation Limited, Neyveli DRS. SANMANAM


SHRIA. BALASUBRAMANIAN
(Alrernate)

National Test House, Kolkata SHRIP. K. CHAKRABORTY


SHRIS. K. AGARWAL(Alternate)

Steel Authority of India, New Delhi SHRIS. K. JAIN


SHRIS. C. DAS GOEL(Alternate)

Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Limited, Mumbai SHRIA. S. PRABHAKAR


(Alternate)
SHRIS. K. BHATNAGAR

11
Bureau of Indian Standards

BIS is a statutory institution established under the Bureau of Indian Standards Act, 1986 to promote
harmonious development of the activities of standardization, marking and quality certification of goods
and attending to connected matters in the country.

Copyright

BIS has the copyright of all its publications. No part of these publications may be reproduced in any form
without the prior permission in writing of BIS. This does not preclude the free use, in the course of
implementing the standard, of necessary details, such as symbols and sizes, type or grade designations.
Enquiries relating to copyright be addressed to the Director (Publications), BIS.

Review of Indian Standards

Amendments are issued to standards as the need arises on the basis of comments. Standards are also reviewed
periodically; a standard along with amendments is reaffirmed when such review indicates that no changes are
needed; if the review indicates that changes are needed, it is taken up for revision. Users of Indian Standards
should ascertain that they are in possession of the latest amendments or edition by referring to the latest issue of
‘BIS Catalogue’ and ‘Standards: Monthly Additions’.

This Indian Standard has been developed from Doc : No. PCD 6 (1964).

Amendments Issued Since Publication

Amend No. Date of Issue Text Affected

BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS

Headquarters :

Manak Bhavan, 9 Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi 110002 Telegrams : Manaksanstha
Telephones :23230131,23233375,2323 9402 (Common to all offices)

Regional Offices : Telephone

Central : Manak Bhavan, 9 Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg 23237617


NEW DELHI 110002 { 23233841
Eastern : 1/14 C.I.T. Scheme VII M, V. 1. P. Road, Kankurgachi 23378499,23378561
KOLKATA 700054 { 23378626,23379120

Northern : SCO 335-336, Sector 34-A, CHANDIGARH 160022 603843


{ 609285
Southern : C.I.T. Campus, IV Cross Road, CHENNAI 600113 22541216,22541442
{ 22542519,22542315
Western : Manakalaya, E9 MIDC, Marol, Andheri (East) 28329295,28327858
MUMBAI 400093 { 28327891,28327892
Branches : AHMEDABAD. BANGALORE. BHOPAL. BHUBANESHWAR. COIMBATORE. FARIDABAD.
GHAZIABAD. GUWAHATI. HYDERABAD. JAIPUR. KANPUR. LUCKNOW. NAGPUR.
NALAGARH. PATNA. PUNE. RAJKOT. THIRUVANANTHAPURAM. VISAKHAPATNAM.

Printed at Prabhat Offset Press, New Delhi-2

You might also like