1. A.

Relevant population : Heavy soft-drink buyers in a country Sampling design : Systematic sampling because the sampling frame is available and easy use to take the sample Sampling frame : List of consumers name that is got from sales person girl taking

the consumers data when brought the product B. Relevant population: Workers in the hospital Sampling design : Quota sampling because the subjects are conveniently chosen from targeted groups and very useful where minority participation in a study is critical Sampling frame : List of employees payroll or absentee list from HRD division

C. Relevant population: materials in the storage warehouse of manufacturing firms Sampling design : Judgment sampling because this sampling design is the only way to investigate and the subjects selected on the basis on their expertise in the subject investigate Sampling frame : Data of Physical information or Stock Opname result about the

real amount of materials that is get from storage division D. Relevant population: Blue workers in particular plant Sampling design : Quota sampling because it is not easily generalizable and are conveniently chosen from targeted groups according to some predetermined number or quota Sampling frame HRD E. Relevant population: Car buyers in a country Sampling design : Proportionate stratified random sampling because the population is better to be divided into meaningful segments and then the subjects are drawn in proportion to their original numbers in the population so it will be more efficient among the other probability designs. Sampling frame : List of consumers profile from cars dealer : List of employees health report and performance review from

2. A. Cluster sampling is a probability sampling design because it will lead to generaralizability since Cluster samples offer more heterogeneity within groups and homogeneity among groups. Cluster that has been divided will also been taken randomly and for each selected cluster either all the elements or a sample of the elements are included in the sample. B. The advantages of cluster sampling is it spends low cost on data collection in geographic cluster The disadvantage of cluster sampling is it is the least reliable and efficient among all probability sampling designs since subsets of cluster are more homogenous than heterogeneous.

3. A. Precision refers to how close our estimates is to the true population characteristics and Confidences means how certain we are that that our estimates will really hold true. Precision and confidence influence sample size because if we want to get more precision and more confidence, or both then we need to increase the sample size. The sample size is determined by the level of precision and confidence desired in estimating the population parameters, as well as the variability in the population itself. B. The statement There is a tradeoff between precision and confidence under certain condition is when we cant increase the sample size for any reason, then the only way to maintain the same level of precision is to forsake the confidence with which we can predict our estimation by reducing the confidence level or the certainty of our estimates. 4. We do not agree with the statement that the use of a convenience sample used in organizational research is correct because all members share the same organizational stimuli and through almost the same kinds of experience in their organizational life since the reason is not exactly correct. The correct reason is because the convenient sampling done when the subjects are accessible members so it can be only applied in the particular organization. Moreover, since the subjects are accessible so the sampling design will be quick, convenient, and less expensive. 5. We agree with the statement that use of a sample of 5000 is not necessarily better than one of 500 because too large a sample size can be a problem in as much as we would to be prone to commit type II errors. Even weak relationships might reach significance level and we would be inclined to believe that these significant relationships found in the sample were indeed true of the population, when in reality they may not be. 6. It is true that non probability sampling designs that to be preferred to probability sampling designs in some cases because the company needs more accurate result to solve the problem that is faced by the company and it wont be happened to others company. The example is the company want to release the brand new perfume and want to get the reactions of two groups to the idea (1) group of women with minimal salary $1000 and (2) group of women whose minimal range of age is between 30-40 years old. The company wont get accurate result if they take the sample randomly, for example, college student because the price of perfume is expensive and the fragrance is not the youths taste. 7. We do not agree with the statement that accuracy should always be considered more than important precision since there seems to be traded-off between accuracy and confidence for any given sample size because if we have more precision, which is the estimates will be closer to the true population characteristics than the accuracy will follow. 8. Overgeneralizations give rise to much confusion and other problems for researchers who try to replicate the findings because overgeneralizations result in any study to populations

usually doesnt represent the sample and make the researchers who try to replicate the findings make different result from the previous research since the conditions of samples might be different. 9. We do not agree that double sampling is probably the least used of all sampling designs in organizational research because double sampling offers more detailed information on the topic of study among the other probability sampling designs and less homogenous than subset of clusters in cluster sampling design 10. The sampling design should feature in research proposal because sampling design are important aspects of research design and include both the sampling plan to be used and the sample size that will be needed. Therefore, the research proposal can explain the sampling design and the readers have more confidence in the researcher and the next researcher can replicate the sampling design.