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Conic Section-Circles

Conic Section

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28 views15 pages

Conic Section-Circles

Conic Section

Uploaded by

engrnl0220
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Conic Sections

FEMA: LESSON 6
Conic Sections
• Theconic sections are the
nondegenerate curves generated by the
intersections of a plane with one or two
nappes of a cone.
• Fora plane perpendicular to the axis of
the cone, a circle is produced.
• For a plane that is not perpendicular to
the axis and that intersects only a single
nappe, the curve produced is either an
ellipse or a parabola.
• Thecurve produced by a plane
intersecting both nappes is a hyperbola
General Equation of Conic Sections
I. Definition using Quadratic Terms
• The general equation for any conic section is

𝟐 𝟐

where A, B, C, D, E, F are constants.


II. Definition using Conic Discriminants
• The general equation for any conic section is

𝟐 𝟐

The quantity B² - 4AC is called discriminant and its value will


determine the shape of the conic.

If B² - 4AC = 0, the conic is a parabola.


If B² - 4AC < 0, the conic is circle or ellipse.
If B² - 4AC > 0, the conic is a hyperbola.
Definition using its Eccentricity
• A conic section can also be described as the locus of a point P moving in
the plane of a fixed point F known as focus (F) and a fixed line d known as
directrix (with the focus not on d) in such a way that the ratio of the
distance of point P from focus F to its distance from d is a constant e
known as eccentricity. Now,
𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑝𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡 (𝑃) 𝑡𝑜 𝑓𝑜𝑐𝑢𝑠 (𝐹)
𝑒𝑐𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦, 𝑒 =
𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑝𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡 (𝑃) 𝑡𝑜 𝑑𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑥 (𝑑)

• If eccentricity, e = 0, the conic is a circle.


• If 0 < e < 1, the conic is an ellipse.
• If e = 1, the conic is a parabola.
• And if e > 1, it is a hyperbola.
Circle
• A circle is formed when a plane cuts the
cone at right angles to its axis.
• The definition of a circle is the set of all
points in a plane such that each point in
the set is equidistant from a fixed point
called the center.
• The distance from the center is called
the radius.
• The distance around the circle is called
the circumference.
Equation of a circle
• A circle is an ellipse in which both the foci
coincide with its center. As the foci are at
the same point, for a circle, the distance
from the center to a focus is zero. This
eccentricity gives the circle its round
shape. Thus the eccentricity of any circle
is 0.
• The general form of the equation of a
circle with center at (h, k), and radius r:

Circle with center at the origin


If the center is at the origin, (h, k) = (0, 0),
hence,
Example #1:
Find an equation of the circle with center at ( 0, 0 ) and radius 4.
Then graph the circle.

(0, 0)
Example #2:
Graph the circle with equation

𝟐 𝟐
𝟐 𝟐 𝟐
(−2, 3)
Transform the General Form to Standard Form , Find
the Center and Radius of the Circle and Draw the circle.
1. 2.

3.
Write the equation of the circle

1.
2.
3.

4.
5.
6.
Try niyo! =)
Write the equation of the circle.
1.
2.
3.
4.

Draw the circle.


1.
2.
3.
Write the equation of the circle.
1.

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