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Because- So
1.Because: đứng trước mệnh đề quan hệ chỉ nguyên nhân
Because + mệnh đề 1 (nguyên nhân) , mệnh đề 2 (kết quả) hoặc Mệnh đề 1 (kết quả) + because + mệnh đề 2 (nguyên nhân) Ví dụ: - We went to a restaurant because we were hungry. -> We were hungry, so we went to a restaurant. - I was tired because I didn’t sleep last night. 2. So: đứng trước mệnh đè chỉ kêt quả và có cấu trúc như sau: Mệnh đề 1 (nguyên nhân), + so + mệnh đề 2 (kết quả) Ví dụ: We were hungry, so we went to a restaurant. - I didn’t sleep last night, so I was tired. Bài tập: 1. My cat was hungry ______ it ate a fish.
2. Mary was sick last week _____ she saw a doctor.
3. Thomas is sleepy _________ it’s ten o’clock.
4. I’m tired ______ I didn’t sleep well last night.
5. Stewart bough lunch _______ he was hungry.
6. Birds can fly ______ they can travel long distance.
7. it was raining ______ I took my umbrella.ô
8. Olivia was happy _________ she had a great time at the park.
9. the room is still messy __________ I didn’t clean it.
10. I went home early _________ I was very tired.
11. Sara went shopping ______ she had no food.
12. The dress was very expensive _______ I didn’t buy it.
13. The weather is lovely ________ we are going to the park.
14. I don’t go out at night _________ it isn’t safe.
15. My sister lost her doll ____________ she was very sad.
In spite of/ despite+ N/ cụm Although/ Though/ Even though+
danh từ/ V-ing: mặc dù S+ V ( mệnh đề): mặc dù Eg: Despite/ in spite of being Eg: Although the weather was bad, so young/ his young age, he we had a wonderful holiday performs excellently ( Mặc dù còn rất trẻ nhưng ( Mặc dù thời tiết xấu, chúng tôi cậu ấy biển diễn rất xuất sắc) vẫn có một kì nghỉ hết sức tuyệt vời)
S1 + V1; however, S2 + V2 Because/since/as + S + V, S
S1 + V1. However, S + V +V Eg1: She is young. However, Or: S + V + because/since/as she is very talented +S+V Eg2: It rained very hard; Eg1: Because it was raining, however, I went to school on we stayed indoors. (Vì trời time. ( Trời mưa rất to, tuy mưa, chúng tôi đã ở trong nhiên, tôi đi học đúng giờ) nhà.) Eg2: Since we have enough time, let's watch a movie. (Vì chúng ta có đủ thời gian, hãy xem một bộ phim.) because of, due to+ V-ing/N: vì Eg1: We were late because of the traffic. (Chúng tôi đến muộn vì tắc đường.) Eg2: I stayed home from work because of being sick. (Tôi nghỉ làm ở nhà vì tôi bị bệnh)
Ex 1: Complete the sentences, using although, despite/in
spite of. Sometimes, two answers are possible.
1.______ the story of the film was good, I didn’t like the acting.
2.I went to see the film ______ feeling really tired.
3.I really enjoyed the Water War______ most of my friends said it wasn’t a very good film.
4.______ careful preparation, they had a lot of difficulties in
making the film.
5.______ the film was gripping, Tom slept from beginning to end.
Ex2: Choose the correct answer (A, B, or C).
1. We adore winter ________ 6. The athlete completed the
the cold. race ________ his pain.
A. in spite of A. despite
B. although B. although
C. however C. nevertheless
2. She went to bed early 7. Jane looks pretty. She,
________ she didn’t finish her ________, seems to lack work. personality.
A. despite A. despite
B. although B. although
C. however C. nevertheless
3. ________ the fact that he is 8. ________ we have a slim
23 years old, he is so childish. chance to win, we won’t lose hope. A. In spite A. Despite B. Despite B. Although C. However C. However 4. I go to school by bus every day. ________, I don’t like it 9. ________ of his bad luck, he much. won the medal.
A. Despite A. In spite B. Although B. Despite
C. However C. However
5. ________ Jim owns two cars, 10. He is friendly ________ the
he rarely drives to work. fact that he’s very famous.
A. Despite A. despite
B. Although B. although
C. However C. however
Ex3: Fill in the blanks with “although/ despite/ in spite
of”.
1. ________________ she has a good look, everybody hates her.
2. Jane seldom sees Jim ________________ they go to the same
school.
3. ________________ her illness, Jane went to work yesterday.
4. ________________ it was chilly outside, we went fishing.
5. ________________ working hard, Peter failed the test.
6. ________________ the difficulties, Sarah managed to solve the
problem.
7. My grandfather was very strong ________________ his old age.
8. The children slept deeply ________________ the noise.
9. ________________ the high salary, Mary refused the job offer.
10. ________________ earning a high salary, Sara never wastes her
money.
11. I find the film boring________________ many people like it.
12. ________________the bad weather, we went on our school picnic.
13. ________________the congestion, we weren’t late for the
meeting.
14. ________________ he’s rich, he is always upset.
15. I couldn’t sleep________________ I was exhausted.
Ex 4: Rewrite the sentences without changing its
meaning.
1. Although there was a traffic jam, he managed to arrive at the
6. Despite the fact that Louis is not so rich, he often does charity. (although)
........................................................................................................ ................. 7. In spite of the awful weather, we enjoyed our party last night. (although)
