Audyogik Tantra Shikshan Sanstha

ATSS College of Business Studies and Computer Application

Chinchwad,Pune19
(Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University, Recognized by Govt. of Maharashtra, Accredited by NAAC, UGC recognized under 2(F) &12(B)

Academic Year 2023 – 2024

A
Project Report on
“Garden Gate Nursery “

For Partial fulfilment of Master in Computer Science

By

Pratik Sanjay Zaware

(Enrollment No: 2162202082)
Under the supervision of

Guide Name Head of Department

Mrs. Shubhangi Patil Mrs. Vinaya Keskar
Computer Science & Application

A.T.S.S.’s College of Business Studies and Computer

Applications, Chinchwad, Pune 19

2023-2024
Date: / / SEAT No

Audyogik Tantra Shikshan Sanstha

ATSS College of Business Studies and Computer Application
Chinchwad, Pune 19
(Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University, Recognized by Govt. of Maharashtra, Accredited by NAAC, UGC recognized under 2(F)
&12(B))

Academic Year 2023 – 2024

M.Sc. (COMPUTER SCIENCE)

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that Roll No.

from ________________has satisfactory completed the project on” ”

During the year 20 -20 as per the requirements of the Savitribai Phule Pune University .

Project Guide Head of Department Principal

Internal Examiner Examiner External

 Acknowledgement

I would like to acknowledge and extend my heartfelt gratitude to the following

persons who have made the completion of this Project possible.

First, I thank Mrs. Shubhangi Patil for her continuous support. She is responsible
for involving me in this project. Mrs. Shubhangi Patil as my project guide who
guided me in the development of this project. She is the one with whom i explored
the ideas, organization, requirements and development of this project. I would
take this opportunity to express my gratitude to Prof. Mrs. Vinaya Keskar
(H.O.D) our internal project guide for her untiring encouragement and ever
helping hand.

Finally, I should not forget my Friends who have encouraged & supported me
throughout the project.

Thank you,
Pratik Zaware
 Table Of Content

Chapter Title Page

No. No.
1 Introduction 1-4
1.1 Abstraction
1.2 Motivation
1.3 Problem Statement
1.4 Objective and Goals
1.5 Literature Survey
1.6 Project Scope and Limitations
2 System Analysis 6
2.1 Comparative Study of Existing Systems
2.2 Scope and Limitations of Existing Systems
2.3 project features
2.4 Stakeholders
3 Requirement analysis - Functional requirements, performance 7-9
3.1 Requirements, security requirements
4 System Design 10-25
4.1 Design Constraints
4.2 System Model: UML diagrams
4.3 Data Model
4.4 User Interfaces
5 Implementation Details 26-31
5.1 Software/hardware specifications, etc
5.2 Code snippets
6 Outputs 32-47
7 Testing 48-51
7.1 Test Plan, Black Box Testing or Data Validation Test Cases,
White Box Testing
7.2 Testing or Functional Validation Test cases and results
8 Conclusion 52-53
9 Future Scope 54-55
10 References 56-57
 List Of Tables
Table No. Table Name Page No.
1 Admin 21
2 Customer 21
3 Product 21
4 Seller Details 22
5 Card Order Details 22
6 Blog Response 22
7 Blogger Details 23
8 Blog Data 23
9 Cart 23
10 Feedback 23
11 Customer Query 24
12 Dataset 24
13 Nursery Item 24
14 Training Details 25
15 TestCases 51

List Of Figures
Fig No. Figure Name Page No.
1 System Design 11
2 Data Flow Diagram 12
2.1 Admin Data Flow Diagram 12
2.2 Customer Data Flow Diagram 13
2.3 ER Diagram 14
2.4 Use Case Diagram 15
2.5 Class Diagram 16
2.6 Sequence Diagram 17
2.7 Activity Diagram 18
2.8 Component Diagram 19
2.9 Deployment Diagram 20
Garden Gate Nursery

Chapter 1
Introduction

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Chapter 1 - Introduction

1.1 Abstract
"In the E-Nursery project, today's most convenient method of purchasing anything is online.
However, in small towns, the option to buy plants online is not readily available. Through our
web application, we aim to facilitate the online purchase of nursery products via the internet.
Despite the upward trend in agricultural production, factors such as population growth,
inflation, and climate uncertainty emphasize the need for sustainable agriculture. The emission
of greenhouse gases and its alarming consequences highlight the necessity for carbon
sequestration mechanisms, while carbon credit mechanisms advocate for a green economy. At
this juncture, perennials offer the potential for climate change mitigation, along with additional
advantages such as the production of fruits, spices, medicinal components, fuelwood, fodder,
timber, pulp, and paper."

1.2 Motivation:
A nursery is a managed site designed to produce seedlings grown under favourable conditions
until they are ready for planting. All nurseries primarily aim to produce sufficient quantities of
high-quality seedlings to satisfy the needs of users. In the existing infrastructure, there are just
over 100 big nurseries. At present, 30-40% of the demand for planting material is being met
by the existing infrastructure. According to the report of the working group on Horticulture,
Plantation crops, and Organic farming for the XI five-year Plan of the Planning Commission,
Government of India (GoI), there are about 6,330 registered nurseries under public and private
sectors.

1.3 Problem statement

In the e-nursery management system, the primary objective is to address all nursery-related
issues and deploy them in real-time. Initially, we encountered difficulties in implementing
basic nursery management plans. Consequently, our entire team concentrated on resolving
these issues.

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Importance of Nursery and Its Role:

• Nurseries play a vital role in agriculture and horticulture, primarily in the production of
seedlings and grafts. These nurseries serve as the foundation for establishing fruit
orchards and ornamental gardens with minimal care, cost, and maintenance.
• The availability of nursery planting materials at the beginning of the planting season is
crucial. This availability saves farmers time, money, and effort in raising seedlings,
ensuring a smooth start to their agricultural endeavors.
• Furthermore, nurseries offer a wide scope for establishing fruit orchards, ornamental
gardens, vegetable plots, and landscape features in public places, along highways, and
within cooperative housing societies.
• Nurseries also play a significant role in ensuring the production of genetically improved
planting materials, thereby enhancing the quality of crops and ornamental plants.
• In addition to agricultural benefits, nurseries contribute to employment generation by
providing opportunities for technical, skilled, semi-skilled, and unskilled labor.
• Moreover, nurseries serve as important suppliers of seedlings to meet the demands of
various industries, including those involved in fruit processing, pulp and paper
production, fuelwood cultivation, timber harvesting, and more.

1.4 Objective and goals

The aim of the project was to improve the economic efficiency and policy environment of the
entire nursery sector.

The objectives of the project were to:

• Examine the respective roles and effectiveness of the private and public sectors in the
tree nursery sector.
• Implement local-level policy changes in conjunction with pilot test strategies to
increase the economic viability of the nursery sector.

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1.5 Literature survey

The increased demand for seedlings in India each year is driven by special plantation drives
and environmental clearance requirements for greening activities. The quality and quantity of
benefits expected from Tree Outside Forests (TOFs) primarily depend on the choice of species,
seedling quality, and field management practices. Insufficient availability of quality planting
material is a significant determining factor in the development of sound horticulture and the
pulp and paper industry. The annual requirement for forest tree propagates, including
Eucalyptus, Poplar, and other Multipurpose Tree Species (MPTs), is estimated at 10 million
each, while the requirement for Casuarinas is 8 million. The availability of high-quality
seedlings at lower costs presents ample opportunities for large-scale planting initiatives. To
facilitate the availability of quality planting material, accurate data on demand is crucial.

Regarding the seedling supply chain, perennial tree seedlings are primarily supplied by
departmental/government and industrial nurseries. These entities produce seedlings and
vegetative propagates to fulfil their own demands and also supply to the public to meet their
raw material needs. Vegetable and ornamental seedlings are mostly produced by farmers
themselves due to the availability of improved seeds in the market and the minimal inputs
required for their establishment. Ornamental seedling prices largely depend on buyer interest
and the size of planting material, leading small private nurseries to focus on ornamental
seedling production to maximize profits. Industrial nurseries, equipped with infrastructure,
manpower, and automation, primarily produce seedlings of short-rotation tree species to meet
factory raw material demands such as for pulp and paper, plywood, small timber for furniture,
and juice, jam, and pickle production. Therefore, various types of nurseries target different end
products, with nursery management being essential for meeting the demand for quality
seedlings efficiently

1.6 Project scope and limitations

• In our system, we provide all the basic requirements that are very convenient for all
users.
• Our system makes it easy to understand all plant details, make bookings, and purchase
products.
• Provide all the product details, including descriptions and costs, and allow the selection
of the total quantity

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Chapter 2
System analysis

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Chapter 2 - System analysis

2.1 Comparative Study of Existing Systems:

• Nowadays, all existing systems at the nursery are handwritten by the owner. This leads
to a loss of customer data and prevents the updating of plant details.
• To address these issues, a better computerized network is needed for the nursery.
• Implementing the nursery into a real-time online shopping network would greatly
enhance user experience.

2.2 Scope and limitations of existing systems

• Lack of trained personnel and skilled labor for conducting nursery activities in villages
• Initial establishment and maintenance costs for nurseries need to be borne by the
people, which they perceive as a risky venture.
• Risks associated with marketing seedlings, as well as incidences of pest and disease
damage.
• Non-availability of improved varieties of trees, horticultural seeds, and promising
vegetable seeds at the doorstep of villages.

2.3 Project features

• A full-featured talent marketplace and project management platform built for plant
booking
• Easily define your requirements; our intelligent system tracks symptoms and searches
for the best expert service through booking.
• Manage all aspects of your project seamlessly."

2.4 Stakeholders

Name Represents Role

Adviser Owner of This is the organization that is owner of this system and has all
System rights about system and its sales rights.
Admin Admin all rights about system.
User User To developing the web pages and also download source code.

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Chapter 3
Requirement analysis - Functional
requirements, performance

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Chapter 3 - Requirement analysis - Functional

requirements, performance
3.1 Requirements, security requirements etc.

Functional Specification: - In software engineering, a functional requirement defines the

function of a system or its components. A function is described as a set of inputs, behaviours,
and outputs. Functional requirements encompass calculations, technical details, data
manipulation, processing, and other functionalities that delineate what a system is supposed to
achieve. Behavioural requirements, which describe all the cases where the system utilizes the
functional requirements, are captured in use cases. The functional requirements for our system
are listed in the table below in Table.

Id Type Nature Details

1 Functional Explicit System should communicate with each other for
Result.
2 Functional Explicit System should provide data integrity and privacy to
users/customers
3 Functional Explicit System should display the results
4 Functional Explicit System should have good & easily
understandable Graphical User Interface (GUI)
5 Functional Explicit User should have ability to select the source data
Files
6 Functional Explicit The accuracy of test results should be within
acceptable limits

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Nonfunctional Requirements: -

Non-functional requirement have the following dimensions.

• Accessibility: This dimension ensures that the system is accessible from different
devices, such as mobile and computer systems, using the internet
• Usability: Usability reflects the user-friendliness of the project. This project features a
simple graphical user interface, enhancing its usability.
• Supportability: Supportability encompasses testability, adaptability, maintainability,
and install ability. The project supports the testing process effectively, requires minimal
maintenance, and boasts excellent adaptability. Additionally, the installation process is
straightforward.
• Acceptability: The system fulfils its stated objectives effectively.
• Reliability: Reliability pertains to the system's ability to recover from failures easily.
The project's risk table indicates low severity, and the mean time between failures
(MTBF) is negligible, ensuring reliable performance.
• Maintainability: Maintainability refers to configuration and data loading, which are
well-supported in this project.
• Deployability: Deployability indicates the ease of system installation. This project
requires reasonable installation effort and meets the necessary prerequisites.
• Safe & Secure: The system ensures safety against associated risks and effectively
protects the online assets of all modules.

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Chapter 4
System Design

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Chapter 4. System Design

4.1 System Design

Fig 1: Design constraints

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4.2 System Model: UML Diagram

Data Flow Diagram: -

Fig 2.1: Admin Data Flow Diagram

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Fig 2.2: Customer Data Flow Diagram:

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Fig 2.3: ER Diagram

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Fig 2:4: Use Case Diagram

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Fig 2.5: Class Diagram

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Fig 2.6: Sequence Diagram

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Fig 2.7: Activity Diagram

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Fig 2.8 Component Diagram

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Fig 2.9 Deployment Diagram

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4.3 Data Model

1.Admin

Column Data type and size Null Default

Id Int (11) No

Username Varchar (30) Yes NULL

Password Varchar (30) Yes NULL

2.Customer
Column Data type and size Null Default
Id Int (11) No
Full name Varchar (30) Yes NULL
Gender Varchar (30) Yes NULL
Phone no Varchar (30) Yes NULL
Address Varchar (1000) Yes NULL
Email Varchar (30) Yes NULL
password Varchar (30) Yes NULL

3.Product

Column Data type and size Null Default

p_id Int (30) No
p_type Varchar (30) Yes NULL
p_name Varchar (300) Yes NULL
p_details Varchar (300) Yes NULL
p_price Varchar (30) Yes NULL
p_img_name Varchar (30) Yes NULL
status Varchar (30) No Available
s_id Varchar (30) Yes NULL

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4.Seller details

Column Data type and size Null Default

Id Int (11) No
Full name Varchar (100) Yes NULL
Phone no Varchar (30) Yes NULL
Email Varchar (30) Yes NULL
password Varchar (30) Yes NULL

5.Card order detail

Column Data type and size Null Default

Id Int (11) No
p_id Varchar (30) Yes NULL
u_id Varchar (30) Yes NULL
Quantity Varchar (30) Yes NULL
Status Varchar (30) Yes NULL
Cart_date_time datetime No Current_timestamp()
s_id Varchar (30) Yes NULL
Feedback status Varchar (3000) No NA
Rating count Varchar (10) No 0

6.Blog Response

Column Type Null Default

Id Int (11) No
u_id Varchar (30) No

b_id Varchar (30) No

c_date timestamp No Current timestamp()

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7.Blogger details

Column Type Null Default

Id Int (11) No
Full name Varchar (300) Yes NULL
gender Varchar (30) Yes NULL
mobile Varchar (30) Yes NULL
email Varchar (30) Yes NULL
password Varchar (30) Yes NULL
c_date Varchar (30) Yes NULL

8.Blog Data

Column Type Null Default

Id Int (11) No
b_id Varchar (30) Yes NULL
subject Varchar (300) Yes NULL
filename Varchar (100) Yes NULL
b_content Varchar (3000) Yes NULL
like count Int (10) No 0
dlike_count Int (10) No 0

9.Cart

Column Type Null Default

Id Int (11) No
item name Varchar (50) No
item type text No
Cust name Varchar (30) No
plant_cat Varchar (100) No
total_cost Varchar (100) No
payment_status Varchar (30) No not done
date timestamp No Current timestamp()

10.Feedback

Column Type Null Default

Id Int (11) No NULL
username Varchar (20) No NULL
u_id Varchar (20) No NULL
feedback Varchar (1000) No NULL

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11.Customer Query

Column Type Null Default

Id Int (11) No
username Varchar (30) No
user_id Varchar (30) No
subject Varchar (100) No
c_query Varchar (1000) No
answer Varchar (1000) No not given

status Varchar (100) No not send

12.Dataset

Column Type Null Default

Id Int (11) No NULL
plants Varchar (23) Yes NULL
seeds Varchar (23) Yes NULL
pots Varchar (25) Yes NULL
pebbles Varchar (33) Yes NULL

13.Nursery item

Column Type Null Default

Id int(11) No
item Varchar (20) No
item_type Varchar (40) No
item_name Varchar (50) No
item_qnt Varchar (20) No
item_price Varchar (30) No
description Varchar (1000) No
item_image Varchar (100) No

14.Training Details

Column Type Null Default

Id Int (11) No
c_id Int (11) No
req_details Varchar (3000) Yes NULL
subject Varchar (100) Yes NULL
rsp_details Varchar (3000) No waiting
c_date datetime No current timestamp()

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4.4 User interfaces

Admin:

• Admin login.
• Admin is added the all plants and plants details.
• Details about plant price, description, and verity of the plant.
• View all the plants and Customer details.
• Customer orders and delivery information.
• View plant related query for customer.
• View Customer feedback and queries.
• Give response to the queries.
• Logout

Customer:

• Registration of the customer.

• Customer login.
• View all the plants and booked the plant.
• View all the details about the plant.
• Select nursery plant item
• Add payment details.
• Send plant related query.
• Give feedback upon the plant and view response from the owner.
• Logout

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Chapter 5
Implementation details

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Chapter 5 - Implementation details

5.1 Software/hardware specifications

SOFTWARE RESOURCES USED:

• Language: Java-(JSP and Servlet)
• Frond End : Html, CSS, JavaScript, JSP
• Professional Environment: Eclipse
• Database: MySQL
HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS:

• System Type: 64-bit or 32-bit

• Processor: Intel core i5, 2 GHz
• Random Access Memory (RAM): 8 GB
• Storage Capacity: 1 TB
• IO device: mouse and keyboard
• Device Name: Laptop or Computer and Smartphone

5.2 Code Snippets

1)Add Plants:

public class AddPlants extends HttpServlet {

private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private Connection con;
String plimage="";
final String UPLOAD_DIRECTORY = "D:/Garden Gate Nusery Final
Data/eclipse/eclipse/NurseryR2/WebContent/allimages/";
public void init(ServletConfig config) throws ServletException {
con=ConnectionProvider.getConnection();
}
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws
ServletException, IOException {
int i = 0;
String []data=new String[7];
if (ServletFileUpload.isMultipartContent(request))
{
try
{
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
List<FileItem> multiparts = new ServletFileUpload(new
DiskFileItemFactory()).parseRequest(request);

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String FileExtention = "";

long FileSize = 0;
for (FileItem item1 : multiparts)
{
if (!item1.isFormField())
{
System.out.println("4");
plimage = new File(item1.getName()).getName();
System.out.println("5");
item1.write(new File(UPLOAD_DIRECTORY + File.separator + plimage));
plimage = item1.getName();
FileExtention = item1.getContentType();
System.out.println("file ext is:"+FileExtention);
FileSize = item1.getSize();
System.out.println(plimage);
}
if(item1.isFormField())
{
data[i]=item1.getString();
i++;
}
}
System.out.println(plimage);
try {
String query="insert into
nursery_items(item,item_type,item_name,item_qnt,item_price,description,item_image)
values('"+data[0]+"','"+data[1]+"','"+data[2]+"','"+data[3]+"','"+data[4]+"','"+data[5]+"','"+plimage+"'
)";
PreparedStatement ps1=con.prepareStatement(query);
ps1.executeUpdate();
if(data[0].equals("plant"))
{
response.sendRedirect("addPlants.jsp?add=plant");
}
else if(data[0].equals("pots"))
{
response.sendRedirect("addPots.jsp?add=plant");
}
else if(data[0].equals("seeds"))
{
response.sendRedirect("addSeeds.jsp?add=plant");
}
else if(data[0].equals("pebbles"))
{
response.sendRedirect("addPebbles.jsp?add=plant");
}
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println("Exe:"+e);
}
}catch(Exception e)
{

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System.out.println("Exe:"+e);
}
}
}
}

2)Add To Cart Product:

public class addCart extends HttpServlet {

private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private Connection con;
String plimage = "";
final String UPLOAD_DIRECTORY =
"E:/Project_Data/NurseryR2/WebContent/allimages/";
public void init(ServletConfig config) throws ServletException {
con = ConnectionProvider.getConnection();
}
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException
{
String username = request.getParameter("username");
String itemtype = request.getParameter("itemtype");
String pic = request.getParameter("pic");
String price = request.getParameter("price");
String item_qnt = request.getParameter("item_qnt");
String item_name = request.getParameter("item_name");
String cat_plant = request.getParameter("cat_plant");
String fid = request.getParameter("fid");
try {
PreparedStatement ps = con .prepareStatement("INSERT INTO `cart`(`itemname`,
`itemtype`, `custname`,`plant_cat`, `total_cost`) VALUES
('"+item_name+"','"+itemtype+"','"+username+"','"+cat_plant+"','"+price+"')");
ps.executeUpdate();
response.sendRedirect("CustHome.jsp?added=done");
} catch (SQLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}

3)Online Payment:
public class conlinePayment extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private Connection con;
public void init(ServletConfig config) throws ServletException {
con=ConnectionProvider.getConnection();
}

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protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws

ServletException, IOException {
GlobalFunction gf=new GlobalFunction();
HttpSession session=request.getSession();
String username=session.getAttribute("username").toString();
String uid=session.getAttribute("id").toString();
String plantname=session.getAttribute("plantname").toString();
String type=request.getParameter("type");
String pic=request.getParameter("pic");
String cust_qunt=request.getParameter("cust_qunt");
String item_quntity=request.getParameter("item_quntity");
String totalcost=request.getParameter("totalcost");
String remain_item=request.getParameter("remain_item");
String address=request.getParameter("address");
String fid=request.getParameter("fid");
String dcard=request.getParameter("dcard");
String cvv=request.getParameter("cvv");
String pay_type=request.getParameter("pay_type");
String catagory=gf.getCatagory(fid);
System.out.println("fid:"+fid);
try {
String qur3="select *from pot_book where cust_id='"+uid+"' and item_quant='"+cust_qunt+"' and
item_id='"+fid+"' and payment_status='done'";
System.out.println(qur3);
PreparedStatement ps3=con.prepareStatement(qur3);
ResultSet rs=ps3.executeQuery();
if(rs.next())
{
response.sendRedirect("custPotPayment.jsp?payment=already");
}
//insert customer details
String qur="insert into
pot_book(custname,cust_id,plant_cat,item_name,item_id,item_quant,total_cost,address,payment_
type)
values('"+username+"','"+uid+"','"+catagory+"','"+pic+"','"+fid+"','"+cust_qunt+"','"+totalcost+"','"+a
ddress+"','"+pay_type+"')";
System.out.println(qur);
PreparedStatement ps=con.prepareStatement(qur);
ps.executeUpdate();
// update items in nursery table
String qur1="update nursery_items set item_qnt='"+remain_item+"' where id='"+fid+"'";
System.out.println(qur1);
PreparedStatement ps1=con.prepareStatement(qur1);
ps1.executeUpdate();
// send email
String email=gf.getMail(uid);
String sub="Product Booked Successfully";
String msgC = "Hello : "+username+"\n"+"your Request for Item is:"+type+"\n"+" Item Quantity
is:"+cust_qunt+" and Total cost of product is:"+totalcost+".Paymant Type is:"+pay_type;
email.SendMailSSL s=new email.SendMailSSL();
s.EmailSending(email,sub , msgC);

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System.out.println("send");
if(plantname.equals("color"))
{
response.sendRedirect("colorPots.jsp?book=success");
}
else if(plantname.equals("tower")){
response.sendRedirect("towerPots.jsp?book=success");
}
else{
response.sendRedirect("standerdPots.jsp?book=success");
}
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println("Exe:"+e);
}
}
}

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Chapter 6
Outputs

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Chapter 6 - Outputs

1.Home Page

2.Service Page

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3.Admin Login

4.Admin Add Product

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5.Admin View Product

6.Admin View Customer Detail

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7. Admin View Order Details

8.View Feedback

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9.View Training Request

10.View Customer Query

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11.Admin Logout Successfully

12.Customer Registration Page

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13.Customer Login Page

14.View Update Profile

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15.Add Product To Cart

16.View Cart

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17.Check Item Details

18.Feedback

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19.Query

20.View Response

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21.Trainng Request

22.View Training Response

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23.View Blog

24.Customer Logout Successfully

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25.Blogger Registration

26.Blogger Login

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27.Upload New Blog

28.View Uploaded Blog

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29.Blogger Logout Successfully

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Chapter 7
Testing

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Chapter 8 – Testing
8.1 Test Plan, Black Box Testing or Data Validation Test Cases, White Box
Testing or Functional Validation Test cases and results
Unit Testing:
Unit testing involves designing test cases to validate that the internal program logic functions
correctly and that program inputs produce valid outputs. All decision branches and internal
code flow should be validated. It constitutes the testing of individual software units within the
application. Unit testing occurs after the completion of an individual unit but before integration.
This type of testing, a structural one, relies on knowledge of the program's construction and is
invasive. Unit tests perform basic tests at the component level, ensuring a specific business
process, application, or system configuration functions as expected. They ensure each unique
path of a business process operates accurately to documented specifications and contains
clearly defined inputs and expected results

• A unit is the smallest testable part of an application, such as functions, classes,

procedures, or interfaces. Unit testing is a method by which individual units of source
code are tested to determine if they are fit for use.
• Unit tests are essentially written and executed by software developers to ensure that the
code meets its design and requirements and behaves as expected.
• The goal of unit testing is to isolate each part of the program and verify that the
individual parts are working correctly.
• This means that for any function or procedure, when a set of inputs is given, it should
return the proper values. It should also handle failures gracefully during the course of
execution when any invalid input is given.
• A unit test provides a written contract that the piece of code must adhere to, hence it
offers several benefits.
• Unit testing is typically done before integration, as shown in the image below.

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Integration Testing:

Integration tests are designed to test integrated software components to determine if they
actually run as one program. Testing is event-driven and is more concerned with the basic
outcome of screens or fields. Integration tests demonstrate that although the components were
individually satisfying, as shown by successful unit testing, the combination of components is
correct and consistent. Integration testing is specifically aimed at exposing the problems that
arise from the combination of components.

• Integration testing verifies the integration or interfaces between components and

interactions with different parts of the system, such as the operating system, file system,
and hardware, or interfaces between systems
• Integration testing is conducted after integrating two different components together. As
depicted in the image below, when two different modules, 'Module A' and 'Module B,'
are integrated, integration testing is performed

• Integration testing is done by a

specific integration tester or test team.
• Integration testing follows two approach known as ‘Top Down’ approach and
‘Bottom Up’ approach as shown in the image below:

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Test Description Test case I/P Actual Expected Test case

case_ Result Result criteria(pass
ID /fail)
1 Home page Enter application Open Open Pass
URL Welcome welcome
screen screen
2 Admin Login 1.enter Successfully Successfully Pass
validation application url login login
2.enter valid
username
3.enter valid
password
4.click on login
button
3 Admin Login 1.enter Popup Popup Pass
validation application url
2.enter valid
username
3.enter valid
password
4.click on login
button
4 User/Customer 1.enter name Successfully Successfully Pass
Registration 2.enter valid registered registered
validation address
3.enter valid
mobile
no.
4. enter valid
email id
5.enter valid
gender
6.enter valid
username
7.enter valid
password
8.click on
register
button
5 User/Customer 1.enter username Successfully Successfully Pass
Login 2.enter valid login login
validation password
3.click on login
button
6 Logout 1.enter the Logout Logout Pass
application successfully successfully
URL
2.click on logout

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Chapter 8
Conclusion

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Chapter 8 – Conclusion

8.Conclusion:

The project has developed numerous extension materials with the potential for broader
distribution, aiding nursery operators in producing seedlings of high physical and genetic
quality. The best practice guidelines, presented in simple terms, outline the basic requirements
for producing high-quality seedlings and provide a straightforward manual for nursery
operators to follow. This assistance aims to enhance both the physical infrastructure and
propagation techniques utilized by customers. Initial indications suggest that the seed centres
and mother tree programs have been highly effective in improving access to germplasm for
nursery operators. There is significant scope for expanding these programs to other regions
within India. This initiative proves immensely helpful to both customers and nursery owners,
as it efficiently manages all records and ensures their safety.

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Chapter 9
Future Scope

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Chapter 9 -Future Scope

9. Future Scope:
• In the future, we plan to implement our system online.
• Online transactions may be added in the future.
• Customer Engagement and Retention: Reward repeat customers with discounts,
exclusive offers, or early access to new products.
• Inventory Management: Integrate your web service with an inventory management
system to track stock levels and automate ordering processes
• Plant Identification Tool: Develop a tool that allows customers to upload photos and
identify plants they encounter.
• Subscription-based Garden Planning Services: Offer personalized garden design plans
or consultations with experienced horticulturists.

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Chapter 10
References

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Chapter 10 - References

10. References:
1. Banerjee, A.K. 1987. Nursery manual for species commonly used in social forestry
in India, Rep: National Wasteland Development Board/00I /007/1987, Kapoor
press, New Delhi, p 64.

2. Bhim raj Bhujbal (ed.). 2012. Resource book on horticulture nursery management,
YCMOU, NAIP, ICAR, p 264.

3. Dickson, A., Leaf, A.L. and Hosner, J.F. 1960. Seedling quality- soil fertility
relationship of white spruce and, red and white fruits in nurseries. For Chronicle.,
36: 237-241

4. Draft Indian Standard: Requirements for Good Agricultural Practices – India GAP
part 1 crop base, 2008, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi, Doc: FAD 22
(1949) C, p 28.

5. GoI. 2007. Report of the working group on horticulture, plantation crops and
organic farming for the XI five year Plan (2007-12), Planning Commission, Govt.
of India, January, 2007, p 420.

6. Kumar, V. 2011. Nursery and plantation practices in forestry. Scientific Publisher,

Jodhpur, p 551.

7. Landis, T.D., Tinus, R.W. and Barnett, J.P. 1999. The container tree nursery
manual: seedling propagation. Agriculture Handbook, 674.Washington, DC: U.S.
Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, p 167.

8. MarryL.Duryea and Thomas D. Landis, 1984. Forest Nursery Manual: Production

of bare-root seedlings, Dr. W. Junk Publishers for Forest Research Laboratory,
Corvallis, p 385.

9. Ram Prakash, Chaudhari, D.C. and Negi, S.S. 1991. Propagation practices of
important Indian trees. IBD publishers, Dehradun, p 452.

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