GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC,BEED.

2022-23

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that Micro-Project on “Build and Test Half Wave Rectifier on Breadboard ” was a
successfully completed by student of second semester, first Year diploma in Civil Engineering.

Submitted by

Roll No. Name of Student

AHIRE PRATHAMRAJE SHANKAR
335

336 ANERAO PAVAN ROHIDAS

337 BOLEGAVE KARTIK SHRIKANT

338 DOEPHODE SWAPNIL SAMBHAJI

In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the Diploma in electrical engineering and submitted
to the Department of electrical engineering of GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC, BEED carried out during a
period for the academic year 2022 - 2023 as per Curriculum.

SIGN OF GUIDE SIGN OF HOD.

 PART-A

MICRO PROJECT PROPOSAL

1. Subject & Sub Code: EOE (2213)

2. Title Of Micro-Project: Build and Test Half Wave Rectifier on

Breadboard

3. Aim Of Project: This practical is expected to develop the following skills for the
industry- identified competency: 'Use electronic components and circuits in
Electrical equipments

3 Action Plan:

Sr No. Details Of Activity Planned start Planned Name of

Date Finished responsible team
date member
1. Information Collection 1/2/2023 16/2/2023 AHIRE PRATHAM

2. Information Analysis 20/2/2023 15/3/2023 KARTIK

BOLGAVE
3. Page setup and typing 20/3/2023 11/4/2023 AHIRE
PRATHAMRAJE

4. Resources Required:

Sr No. Name of Specification Quantity remark

resources/material
1. Internet service 1GB Speed 01 -

2. Mobile Windows 7, 01 -
Core I 3
processor ,
4GB Ram-
3. Transformer Step down 9:09 01 -
V 500mA

4. Digital Multimeter Digital 01 -

Multimeter 3 1/2
digit display
-
5. CRO 5 MHz dual
scope
 6. Bread board 5.5 CM X 17CM 01 -

7. Diode IN 4007 01 -
(equivalent
Diode)

8. Resistor 01 -
1Kw/10Kw(5watt
s/0,25watts)

9. Connecting Wire Single strand 04 -

Teflon
coating(0.6mm
diameter)
5. Details of Student Participating:

Sr No. Name Of Student Roll No.

1 AHIRE PRATHAMRAJE SHANKAR 335

2 ANERAO PAVAN ROHIDAS 336

3 BOLEGAVE KARTIK SHRIKANT 337

4 DOEPHODE SWAPNIL SAMBHAJI 338
 Micro project Evaluation Sheet

Academic Year: 2022_23 Name of the faculty: Build and Test Half Wave Rectifier on Breadboard.

Course code: 22213

Semester: second

Title Of Micro-Project: Build and Test Half Wave Rectifier on

Breadboard.

Micro Project(out of 10)

Name of Performance in Individual
Roll No. Performance in Total of 10
Student Group Activity
Oral/Presentation
(Out of 6)
(Out of 4)
335 AHIRE
PRATHAM
336 ANERAO PAVAN

337 BOLEGAVE KARTIK

338 DOEPHODE
SWAPNIL

Name and signature of faculty

 PART-B

1.0 Title Of Micro-Project: Build and Test Half Wave Rectifier on Breadboard.
2.0 Brief Description (Importance of the micro project, about 100 to 200 words)

Half Wave Rectifier

Digital ElectronicsElectronElectronics & Electrical

Half Wave Rectifier is a diode circuit which is used to transform Alternating Voltage (AC Supply) to Direct
Voltage (DC Supply). A single diode is used in the HWR circuit for the transformation of AC to DC.
Half Wave Rectifier circuit allows the one – half cycle of the AC Supply waveform to pass and blocks the other half
cycle.

Half Wave Rectifier Circuit Diagram

The circuit of HWR consists of following three main components −

• A Diode
• A Transformer
• A Load(may be a Resistance)

Working of HWR Circuit

Positive Half Cycle
The AC high voltage is applied to the primary of step down transformer and the obtained secondary low voltage is
applied to the diode, the diode is forward biased during positive half cycle and act as a short circuit.
Negative Half Cycle
During the negative half cycle, the P – terminal of the diode is connected with the negative supply which reverse
biases the diode, the diode behaves like an open circuit and does not produces the output across the load.

Half Wave Rectifier Waveform

Half Wave Rectifier Formulae
Efficiency of HWR
The efficiency of HWR is defined as the ration output DC power to the input AC power.

η=PdcPacη=PdcPac
The maximum efficiency of half wave rectifier is 40.6%.

Peak Inverse Voltage of HWR

The peak inverse voltage of a HWR is the maximum voltage that can a diode withstand without destruction when
reverse bias is applied to it.

PIV=VmPIV=Vm
RMS Value of Load Current of HWR
IRMS=Im2IRMS=Im2

Average Value of Load Current of HWR

Iavg=ImπIavg=Imπ

Form Factor of HWR

FormFactor=RMSValueAvg.Value=VrmsVavgFormFactor=RMSValueAvg.Value=VrmsVavg
For HWR the form factor equals to 1.57

Ripple Factor of HWR

Ripple Factor gives the information about how a HWR can transform input AC voltage to output DC voltage. It is
given by

RippleFactor=((FormFactor)2−1)−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−√RippleFactor=((FormFactor)2−1)
The ripple factor for half wave rectifier is 1.21.

Application of Half Wave Rectifier

There are some applications of Half Wave Rectifier −

2 They are used for rectification

3 They are used for demodulation
4 They are used for signal peak applications
Disadvantages of Half Wave Rectifier
6. The AC supply delivers power only for the half cycle. Therefore, the output is low.
7. The pulsating current in the load contains alternating current whose frequency is equal to supply
frequency. Therefore, filtering is required to produce steady direct current.

Numerical Example
A diode having internal resistance Rd = 10Ω is used for half wave rectification. If the applied voltage is v = 50
sin⁡(ωt) and load resistance RL = 10Ω. Find the following −

1) Im, Idc, Irms

 2) AC power input and DC power output
3) DC output voltage
4) Efficiency of rectification
Solution
Maximum voltage, Vm=50VVm=50V
(a) Im=vmRd+RL=5010+1000=0.0495=49.5mAIm=vmRd+RL=5010+1000=0.0495=49.5mA
Idc=Iavg=Imπ=49.5π=15.76mAIdc=Iavg=Imπ=49.5π=15.76mA
Irms=Im2=49.52=24.75mAIrms=Im2=49.52=24.75mA
(b) Pac=(Irms)2(Rd+RL)Pac=(Irms)2(Rd+RL)

⇒Pac=(24.75×10−3)2×(10+1000)=0.618Watts⇒Pac=(24.75×10−3)2×(10+1000)=0.618Watts

Pdc=(Idc)2(RL)Pdc=(Idc)2(RL)

⇒Pdc=(15.76×10−3)2×(1000)=0.248Watts⇒Pdc=(15.76×10−3)2×(1000)=0.248Watts
(c) DC output voltage

=Idc×RL=Idc×RL

=(15.76×10−3)×1000=15.76V=(15.76×10−3)×1000=15.76V

(d) Efficiency(η)=PdcPac=0.2480.618×100=40.12Efficiency(η)=PdcPac=0.2480.618×100=40.12
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