Assignment – 6
No. Question Ans. Unit
A 3-ɸ, 33 kV/6.6 kV star/delta connected transformer is protected by a
differential protection scheme. The CTs on low tension (LT) side have a
ratio of 300/5 A. What would be the CT ratio on high tension (HT) side?
a) 60:5 A
1. (b) 6
b) 60:5√3 A
c) 60:√3 A
d) none of these
Solution: -
Transformer ratio = 33/6.6 kV = 5
LT (delta connected) side CT ratio = 300/5 (CT star connected)
HT side primary current = LT side primary current/ transformation ratio = 300 / 5 = 60 A
LT side Secondary current is 5 A and the same current is fed from CT connections on HT side which
are delta connected.
Secondary current of CT on HT side = 5√3 A
So CT ratio on HT = 60 : 5√3 A
A harmonic restraint feature in a transformer protection relay is designed to
a) enhance operating speed of the relay.
2. b) identify external faults. (c) 6
c) prevent relay tripping during magnetizing inrush currents.
d) none of these
A generator having a rated current equal to 120 A is to be protected by a
circulating current differential protection scheme using a stabilizing relay.
The through fault stability is required up to 10 times the full load current. If
the voltage across the relay is 30 V during fault, determine the required value
of stabilizing resistance considering a stability factor = 3. The relay picks up
3. at 0.15 A and has a resistive burden of 65 Ω. (c) 6
a) 40 Ω
b) 60 Ω
c) 45 Ω
d) none of these
Solution: -
Irated = 120 A
If = 10×120 = 1200 A
Vr = 30 V
IS = 0.15 A
RR = 65
V 30
RST r RR 65 135
IS 0.15
Considering the stability factor as 3,
Required value of R 135 45
3
ST
The relay settings for a percentage differential protection scheme of the
generator are as under.
(i) Pick-up current = 0.1 A
(ii) Slope = 15 %
(iii) CT ratio = 500/1 A
A high resistance single line-to-ground external fault occurs when the
generator is supplying power to the load. The magnitude of current through
4. CT1 and CT2 is 450 A and 380 A, respectively. Determine whether the relay (a) 6
will operate in case of the given situation.
a) relay will operate
b) relay will not operate
c) relay is on the verge of operation
d) data is insufficient
Ans: Relay will operate
Solution: -
Pick-up current = 0.1 A
Slope = 15 %= 0.15
CT ratio = 500/1
I1 = 450 A;
I2 = 380 A;
i1 = 450/500 A = 0.9 A;
i2 = 380/500 A = 0.76 A;
Operating current = i1-i2 = 0.9 – 0.76 = 0.14 A;
Restraining current = (i1+i2)/2 = (0.9+0.76)/2 = 0.83 A;
Operating / Restraining = 0.14 > 0.1 (greater than bias percentage)
Hence, relay will operate
The details of a 3500 HP (1HP=746W), three-phase, 50 Hz induction motor
are as follows:
5. Rated output: 3500 HP; Power factor: 0.85 lagging; Rated voltage: 6600 V; (c) 6
Efficiency: 90%; rated current: 299A, Continuous overload: 110% of the
rated current and CT ratio: 400/1 A. The setting range of thermal relay is
70–130% of 1 A in steps of 5%.
Determine the setting of thermal overload relay.
a) 100%
b) 90%
c) 80%
d) none of these
Ans: 80%
Solution: -
Irated = 299 A
Continuous overload current = 110% of 299 = 1.1×299=328.9 A
CT secondary current in thermal relay = 328.9/400 = 0.8222 A = 82.22% of 1 A
Hence 80% setting can be selected for the thermal relay.
Which of the following issues are associated with differential
protection?
i. Magnetizing inrush current.
ii. Mis-match of non-identical CT saturation characteristics.
iii. Change of the ratio as a result of tapping.
6. (d) 6
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) 3 only
d) all of these
For the protection of transformer using differential protection, which of the
following pair of winding connections is correct?
Pair 1 Star-delta Star-delta
Pair 2 Delta-star Delta-star
Pair 3 Star-delta Delta-star
7. Pair 4 Star-star Star-star (c) 6
a) Pair 1
b) Pair 2
c) Pair 3
d) Pair 4
In differential protection scheme, a stabilizing resistance is required to
a) block the operation of the relay.
8. b) increase the sensitivity of the relay. (c) 6
c) reduce the effect of non-identical CTs.
d) none of these.
The relay used for locked rotor protection in induction motor is
9. (d) 6
a) instantaneous overcurrent relay.
b) thermal relay.
c) negative phase-sequence relay.
d) inverse time overcurrent relay.
The method of neutral grounding affects the
a) positive sequence network.
10. b) negative sequence network. (c) 6
c) zero sequence network.
d) none of above
