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Java 17

Java 17 features

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bhavesh bonde
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195 views

Java 17

Java 17 features

Uploaded by

bhavesh bonde
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1.

Sealed Classes
Sealed classes let you control which classes can extend or implementa given class. This
enhances security and improves readability by limiting the class hierarchy, makinp it easier
to maintain.
Example:

public abstract sealed class Shape permits Circle, Square {}


final class Circle extends Shape {
double radius;

final class Square extends Shape {


double side;

// Now only Circle and Square can extend Shape, and no other class
can!

Why it matters:
It gives you more control over class hierarchies and prevents unintended extensions of
your classes.

2. Pattern Matching for sx1tch


This feature simplifies the switch statement by enabling pattern matching. You can now
test an expression against several patterns, improving code clarity.
Example:

public class Main {


public static void main(String[] args) {
Object obj = "Hello”;
switch (obj) {
case Integer i -> System.out.println(”Integer: " + i);
case String s -> System.out.println(“String: “ + s);
default -> System.out.println(”Unknown type”);

Why it matters:
Pattern matching makes thecode more concise, eliminating the need forverbose if-
else chains or casting when dealing with different types.

3. Text Blocks
Text blocks make it easier to handle multi-line strings, like JSON, XML, or SQL queries,
without the hassle of concatenating strings manually.
Example:

public class Main {


public static void main(String[] args) {
String json = "”"

"name“: "Java",
"version": 17,
"features“: [
"Sealed Classes",
"Pattern Matching",
"Text Blocks"
System.out.println(json);

Why it matters:
This feature cleans up strinp handling, especially for multi-line text. It reduces errors and
makes thecode much more readable.

4. Foreign Function& Memory API(Incubator)


This API allows Java programs to call native libraries and work directly with memory
outside the JVM. It's in the incubator stage, but it'sa game-changer forperformance-
sensitive applications.
Example:
import jdk.incubator.foreign.*;

public class Main {


public static void main(String[] args) {
try (MemorySegment segment =
MemorySegment.allocateNative(4)) {
MemoryAccess.setIntAtOffset(segment, 0, 42);
int value = MemoryAccess.getIntAt0ffset(segment, 0);
System.out.println(”Value: “ + value); // Output: 42

Why it matters:
It makes it easier to call native functions and work with memory directly, leading to
performance improvements forcertain applications.

5. Enhanced stream API


Java 17 builds upon thealready powerful Stream API, making it more versatile and easy
to use. One such feature is the to List() method, which simplifies list creation.
Example:

import java.util.stream.Stream;
import java.util.List;

public class Main {


public static void main(String[] args) {
List<String> names = Stream.of("Alice", “Bob",
"Charlie“).toList();
System.out.println(names); // Output: [Alice, Bob, Charlie]

Why it matters:
This makes working with streams more convenient, removing the need to convert streams
manually into lists.

6. Deprecation of SecurityNanager
Java 17 has officially deprecated the Secur:ttyManager,a long-standing feature that
allowed applications to implementa security policy. This change isa sign that the platform
is moving toward newer, more modern security practices.

Why it matters:
This marksa shift in how security will be handled in future versions, signaling that
developers should start looking into alternatives.

7. Performance Improvements
Java 17 comes with various JVM performance improvements, from better memory
management tofaster startup times. These optimizations lead to better runtime
performance and reduce the overall footprint of Java applications.

8. Records
Introduced in Java 16 and continued in Java 17, Records providea concise way to define
immutable data carriers, where you only care about the data they hold, not the behavior.
Example:

public record Person(String name, int age) {}

public class Main {


public static void main(String[] args) {
Person person = new Person(”John", 30);
System.out.println(person.name()); // Output: John
System.out.println(person.age()); // Output: 30

Why it matters:
Records reduce boilerplate code by automatically generating equa 1s() hashCode()
tost ring() , and getters for the fields, making data classes much cleaner.

9. NullPointerException Improvements
Java 17 comes with better handling of Nu 11 Poi nterExcept ions, giving more detailed
and helpful messages whena Nu11PointerException occurs.
Example:

public class Main {


public static void main(String[] args) {
String name = null;
System.out.println(name.length()); // Throws
NullPointerException with detailed message

Output:
csharp
Copy code
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NullPointerException: Cannot
invoke "String.length()" because "name" is null

Why it matters:
The improved Nu11Pointer Exception messages make debugging faster by pointing out
exactly which variable is null.

10. 1nstanceof Pattern Matching


Java 17 enhances the 1nstanceof operator by introducing pattern matching, which
eliminates the need formanual type casting.
Example:

public class Main {


public static void main(String[] args) {
Object obj = "Hello, Java 17!";
if (obj instanceof String s) {
System.out.println(s.toUpperCase()); // Output: HELLO,
JAVA 17!

Why it matters:
It simplifies the code by removing the need forseparate casting, making 1nstanceof
checks more readable and concise.

11. JEP 356: Enhanced Pseudo-Random Number Generators


Java 17 improves the Random API by providing more flexible, stream-based
pseudorandom number generators.
Example:

import java.util.random.RandomGenerator;
import java.util.random.RandomGeneratorFactory;

public class Main {


public static void main(String[] args) {
RandomGenerator generator =
RandomGeneratorFactory.of(“Xoshiro256PlusPlus”).create();
generator.doubles(5).forEach(System.out: :println);

Why it matters:
It gives you more control over the generation of random numbers and offers better
algorithms, which is useful for simulations, games, and more.
12. Vector API (Incubator)
The Vector API allows you to perform vector computations more efficiently. It's still in an
incubator stage, but it opens up new possibilities for high-performance computing.
Example:
import jdk.incubator.vector.*;

public class Main {


public static void main (String[] args) {
var vectorA = IntVector.fromArray(IntVector.SPECIES_256, new
int[] {1, 2, 3, 4}, 0);
var vectorB = IntVector.fromArray(IntVector.SPECIES_256, new
int[] {5, 6, 7, 8}, 0);

var result = vectorA.add(vectorB); // Perform vector addition


result.intoArray(new int[4], 0);

System.out.println(result); // Output: [6, 8, 10, 12]

Why it matters:
The Vector API allows for more efficient computation by leverapinp SIMD (Single
Instruction, Multiple Data) operations, which can significantly boost performance for
numerical applications.

13. JEP 382: New macos Rendering Pipeline


Java 17 introduceda new rendering pipeline for macos, called the Metal API, replacing
the old OpenGL-based pipeline. This results in better graphics performance on macOS
systems.

Why it matters:
For developers building desktop applications on macOS, the Metal API offers improved
performance and better resource management forgraphics rendering.

14. Deprecation of Applets


Java 17 deprecates Applets, signaling the end of an era. Applets were once used forweb-
based Java applications, but with the modern web moving to JavaScript frameworks and
other technologies, this feature is no longer needed.

Why it matters:
This encourages developers to move towards more modern, secure alternatives for web
applications.

15. JEP 306: Always-Strict Floating-Point Semantics


Java 17 makes strict floating-point semantics the default, which was previously optional.
This ensures more predictable and consistent behavior forfloating-point calculations
across different platforms.
Example:
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
double result = 0.1 * 0.2;
System.out.println(result); // Output: 0.020000000000000004
Why it matters:
It provides better consistency for numerical operations, especially in scientific and financial
applications where precision is critical.

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