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Piezoelectric Sensor

Piezoelectric sensor

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Neha Bharti
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38 views2 pages

Piezoelectric Sensor

Piezoelectric sensor

Uploaded by

Neha Bharti
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Problem statement - To produce light by using piezoelectric

material

Piezoelectric pressure sensors

Piezoelectricity is the charge created across certain materials when a mechanical stress is
applied.

Piezoelectric pressure sensors exploit this effect by measuring the voltage across a
piezoelectric element generated by the applied pressure. They are very robust and are used in a
wide range of industrial applications.

When force is applied to a piezoelectric diaphragm, a voltage proportional to the pressure is


generated

Working principle
When a force is applied to a piezoelectric material, an electric charge is generated across the
faces of the crystal. This can be measured as a voltage proportional to the pressure (see
diagram to the right). There is also an inverse piezoelectric effect where applying a voltage to
the material will cause it to change shape. A given static force results in a corresponding charge
across the sensor. However, this will leak away over time due to imperfect insulation, the
internal sensor resistance, the attached electronics, etc.

As a result, piezoelectric sensors are not normally suitable for measuring static pressure.
The output signal will gradually drop to zero, even in the presence of constant pressure. They
are, however, sensitive to dynamic changes in pressure across a wide range of frequencies and
pressures. This dynamic sensitivity means they are good at measuring small changes in
pressure, even in a very high-pressure environment.

Function
Unlike piezo resistive and capacitive transducers, piezoelectric sensor elements require no
external voltage or current source. They generate an output signal directly from the applied
strain. The output from the piezoelectric element is a charge proportional to pressure. Detecting
this requires a charge amplifier to convert the signal to a voltage. Some piezoelectric pressure
sensors include an internal charge amplifier to simplify the electrical interface by providing a
voltage output. This requires power to be supplied to the sensor. An internal amplifier makes
the sensor simpler to use. For example, it makes it possible to use long signal cables to connect
to the sensor. The amplifier can also include signal-conditioning circuitry to filter the output,
adjust for temperature and compensate for the changing sensitivity of the sensing element. The
presence of the electronic components does, however, limit the operating temperature to not
much more than 120ºC.

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