Land Survey B-Plan-Plan

Business PLAN
Cerificate in Land Survey

WEKE’S SURVEYING FIRM
P.O BOX 10-50200
BUNGOMA
Email:[email protected]
TITLE: BUSINESS PLAN
INDEX NUMBER :
PRESENTED BY: WEKESA S OSCAR
PRESENTED TO: KITALE NATIONAL POLYTECHNIC FOR THE
FULFILMENT OF THE AWARD OF A DIPLOMA IN LAND
SURVAY.
SUPERVISOR: PAUL MBACHI
SERIES : November 2024
Downloaded by kalasinga mutugi ([email protected])

lOMoARcPSD|47364568
DECLARATION
I hereby declare that this is my business plan composed of my own ideas generated from my
acquired
entrepreneur knowledge .I believe with no doubt that no business plan with any similar layout
has ever been
presented for examination purpose
NAME: WEKESA S OSCAR
SIGN……………………….
DATE……………………
SUPERVISOR NAME: MR MBACHI PAUL
SIGN……………………………………….
DATE………………………………………….
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DEDICATION
I dedicate this business plan to my loving parents for their financial and spiritual support. I
also devote this work to
the Kitale National Polytechnic for providing me with conducive environment and research
materials for the
success of this business plan, without forgetting my supportive classmates.
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I am thanking God for gift of knowledge life and opportunity to be in school. Having been
empowered with
knowledge and skills in writing this business plan. I also thank you my parents for their
support in provision of
money to come up with this project and making it a success.
My gratitude must also be extended to my lecturers at Kitale national [polytechnic,
particularly for their
considerable foresight importing knowledge. I sincerely cannot thank them enough for
enriching my academic
life. Many regards are also extended to my friends for their constant encouragement and
support and to my family
for encouraging me and being here in time of need.
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Contents
DECLARATION.........................................................................................................................
...............1
DEDICATION.............................................................................................................................
.............2
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT...........................................................................................................
................3
EXECUTIVE
SUMMARY...........................................................................................................................6
CHAPTER
ONE........................................................................................................................................7
1.1
BUSINESS
DESCRIPTION.............................................................................................................7
1.2 Business
Name.................................................................................................................................7
1.4 Business
Ownership.........................................................................................................................7
1.5 Type of
Business..............................................................................................................................7
1.6 JusĀĀcaĀon of
Opportunity.............................................................................................................7
1.7
Industry.........................................................................................................................................
..8
1.8 Product and
Services.......................................................................................................................8
1.9 Goals and
ObjecĀves.......................................................................................................................9
1.1 Entry and Growth
Strategies............................................................................................................9
CHAPTER
TWO.....................................................................................................................................11
MARKETING
PLAN................................................................................................................................11
2.1
Customers.....................................................................................................................................
.11
2.2 Market
Share.................................................................................................................................11
2.3
CompeĀĀon.................................................................................................................................
..11
2.4 Pricing
Strategy..............................................................................................................................13
2.5 Sales
TacĀcs...................................................................................................................................13
2.6 Method of AdverĀsing and
PromoĀon..........................................................................................13
2.7 DistribuĀon
Strategy......................................................................................................................13
CHAPTER
THREE...................................................................................................................................14
ORGANIZATION
PLAN..........................................................................................................................14
3.1 OrganizaĀon
Structure..................................................................................................................14
3.2 Key Management
Personnel).........................................................................................................14
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3.4 Recruitment, Training and PromoĀon4.4.1
Recruitment..............................................................16
3.4.2
Training.......................................................................................................................................
16
3.5 RemuneraĀon and
IncenĀves........................................................................................................17
3.6 License, Permits and By-
Laws........................................................................................................17
3.7 SupporĀve
Services.......................................................................................................................18
CHAPTER
FOUR...................................................................................................................................19
PRODUCTION
PLAN.............................................................................................................................19
4.1 ProducĀon
ObjecĀves....................................................................................................................19
4.2 ProducĀon FaciliĀes and Equipment Capacity
Cost......................................................................19
4.3 ProducĀon
Process........................................................................................................................20
4.4 ProducĀon
Strategy.......................................................................................................................20
4.6 ProducĀon
Output.........................................................................................................................22
4.7 RegulaĀons AȀecĀng ProducĀon Safety
RegulaĀon......................................................................22
CHAPTER
FIVE......................................................................................................................................23
5.0. Financial
plan................................................................................................................................23
5.1. Pre-operaĀonal
costs....................................................................................................................23
5.2. Working
capital.............................................................................................................................23
Cash ow projecĀon for year
two.......................................................................................................25
5.4Pro forma Trial Balance for the year
1............................................................................................27
Pro forma Trial Balance for year
2.......................................................................................................27
Pro forma Trial Balance for year
3.......................................................................................................28
Pro forma Balance sheet for year
one.................................................................................................29
Pro forma Balance sheet for the year
two...........................................................................................29
Pro forma trial balance for year
three.................................................................................................30
5.5 Break even point for year
1.........................................................................................................30
Variable
costs......................................................................................................................................31
Break even point for year
two.............................................................................................................32
Break even point for year
three...........................................................................................................33
5.6 Financial raĀo for year
one..........................................................................................................33
Financial raĀo for year
two..................................................................................................................35
Financial raĀo for year
three...............................................................................................................35
5.7 DESIRED
FINANCING......................................................................................................................36
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5.8 Proposed
capitalizaĀon.................................................................................................................36
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Business Description
This chapter it gives a broad description of the firm in terms of the location business
background,
business name, the form of ownership. Here one depends the business and lays down the
goals
objectives of the enterprise. It also covers the condition of the industry and also techniques of
penetrating the market and how to achieve in the competitive industry. It also entails on the
growth of the business.
Marketing plan
Here a market plan is drawn so as curve out route in which the business will take. This plan
acts
a map which helps in achieving as an enterprise as this map gives priority to what is more
important. In this chapter methods of advertisement and promoting are laid down so as to be
able
to market the business and other competitors are made so as to come up with a clear strategy
on
how to improve on the company’s weakness.
Organizational and management plan
Organization and management plan of the business will have a management team from the
organization where the manager will be assisted by Assistant Surveyor, Cartographer,
Accountant, Secretary and Security Guards. They will be recruited as per their qualification,
experience and knowledge in the office and field work. Operation of the business will
therefore
first purchase the required machine and furniture at the beginning and some of the second
year
and third year. Every worker will follow the rules and regulations of the firm.
Operational plan
For any business to operate effectively, it requires to use some equipment, tools and
machinery
to assist it the production of its goods or services .without them the business may run into
difficulties. To operate any business it has got its specific requirements for its equipment,
tools
or machineries
FINANCIAL PLAN
This is the financial chapter of the business plan mainly entails the financial plan of the
business
handling detail financing budget of the company such as increasing the number of employees,
expansion of the project and the cash flow projection of the first year detailing cash flow of
every month. It also analysis the cash flow of the first three years.
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This covers the details allocation and use of funds in the business enterprise.
CHAPTER ONE
1.1 BUSINESS DESCRIPTION
The business will be called Weke’s surveying firm. It will be owned by the author and run on
sole proprietorship . The business will be located in Bungoma town. The business will offer
services and sales of all surveying tools and equipment including transport for customers
within
the town. The business will benefit both the employees and the client of the business.
1.2 Business Name
The name of the business will be Weke’s Surveying firm. The proprietor selected the name
due
interest in geography and its phenomenon. This shows that through offering best services
1.3 Business LocaĀon and Address
The business will be located in Bungoma Town , Bungoma point opposite shell petrol station
next building to Equity Bank. The business will operate under the following Address:
WEKE’S SURVEYING FIRM

P.O. BOX 10-50200
BUNGOMA
E-MAIL: [email protected]
1.4 Business Ownership
The business is sole proprietorship, this form was preferred because the owner was willing
and
able to run the business and have enough knowledge and skills in terms of expertise and
experience. Also the capital specified amount of monetary investment on entry.
1.5 Type of Business
The business being a startup is primarily a consulting with plans to increase the service
rendered
as time goes by and the company grows to be service oriented.
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1.6 Justification of Opportunity
Bungoma Town is one of the fastest developing towns in western and the proprietors have
already learnt more about surveying. It is therefore the proprietor’s profession and the skill he
has attained will be useful in the business. During industrial attachment I attained a good
experience. The business friends also has more experience that he gain through consultation
and
also during experience when he is employed. Therefore am capable to open and operate an
office. The market is large. These include local residence construction companies and
parastatals
that will require the services. The competition in the market is low because the competitors
who
exist do not offer good quality service because of inexperience. In that over the year there has
been a shift from manual field visit to less contact method like Remote Sensing and
Photogrammetry. This has increased the form of outputs of survey works and as such
introduced
new applications of geospatial science. The development of GIS and GPS has enabled more
analytical of spatial data and provision of precise location anywhere, anytime. Therefore it is
an
opportunity that is expected to have a good life because according to the need of customers it
cannot come to an end.
1.7 Industry
The field of survey is wide and with varied applications. It provides solutions to a wide range
of
problems and introduces a unique dynamism to every function. This includes the competitors
and
the customers. There are only three competitors in the area i.e. ministry of lands and private
firm
which is still developing According to the data collected they do not offer good quality
services
because of inexperience and introduction of new machine due to improvement of technology.
Therefore the competitors need to go for further study of the practices so that they can be able
to
use digital machine i.e. GPS and total station so as to offer good quality service to keep the
market alive. This is why the proprietor have decided to enter into the industry and offer the
quality product to the customers.
1.8 Product and Services

The firm will be offering service such as the following:
i)
Cadastral
This will de with division of land and location boundaries
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ii)
Engineering and design
Providing a design plan for land development including layouts of construction plans for
drainages ,sewer lines ,waterlines , highways etc.
iii)
Land title
completing land title survey of multifamily, commercial or industrial site to the national
standards. Carrying out searches and title processing
iv)
Topographic survey
Determining the configuration of the ground. its elevations and the location above the ground
and underground of both natural and manmade features
v)
Land use planning
Preparing feasibility and concept studies for the highest and best use of land for residential
and
commercial sites Other may include GIS related survey As built survey Control survey
Quantity
survey They will also offer; Consultant service, correction of boundaries and solving of land
dispute. The firm will give accurate services because the main survey feature is accuracy of
data
collection and presentation. Therefore the firm will offer high quality service than the other
competitors.
1.9 Goals and Objectives
The main goal of this business is to provide accurate and quality services to the customers i.e
provide accurate scaled maps and plans with accurate dimension.
To solve land dispute problems hence create peace.
To create job opportunity to the jobless hence improving living standard in the society.
Weke’s surveying and consulting intend to penetrate new market segments in other town
within
the country in a period of three years of operations.
Attracting and retaining customers by maintaining its good name and customer relations.
The vision:
To become the number one provider of precision surveying service.
The mission:
To provide customized services to clients and provide new and improved methods of doing
ordinary things in an extra ordinary way.
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1.1 Entry and Growth Strategies
The business is intended to start with an estimated capital of 2.8 million. It is hoping to start
its
operation on January 2023 with a major informative types of advertisements which will bed
on
through the media e.g. TV, Radio and newspapers and use of sign post which will be located
at
strategic place along major highways within Bungoma and its surrounding to gauge the
significance of the business internal competitiveness and resources SWOT analysis will show
the
weakness, opportunities, threats and strength.
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Opportunities
Include favorable situation in a firm environment include low competition and stable political
environment.
Threat
Unfavorable situation e.g. bargaining power of clients and the government rules and
regulations
if the business.
Strength
Resources, skills and experience or other advantages the Weke’s surveying and consulting
has
over other competitors i.e. Professional, knowledge and skills of thee owner.
Weakness
Deficiency in resources and capital to fund the business.
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CHAPTER TWO
MARKETING PLAN
2.1 Customers
Carrying out market research has enabled the owners to validate the business. Survey
firmware
currently faced with a lot of challenges particularly inexperience on the Digital equipment.
Weke’s surveying and consulting firm intend to maximum the advantage of geospatial
technologies in ensuring that client are served well. Weke’s surveying and consulting targets
farmers around Bungoma county. Therefore it will be based at Bungoma Town. The basic of
selecting the area is supremely because it is one of land dispute problem in Kenya. It
contributes
to a high percentage of deaths in Kenya. From the research surveyors in this area are having
challenges with their clients in that most
surveyors are inexperienced hence they don’t produce accurate data
The firm will provide solution to this problem by utilizing digital machines to produce
accurate
data.
2.2 Market Share
The main clients are farmers, construction companies NGOs, parastatals. Farmers
with plantation of 100 acres and above under farming and are utilizing mechanization in
theirfar
ming practices, for a start the firm intends to engage at least 20 large scale farmers by end of
our
first quarter of the operation. The owners will take one selected firm as the
pilot project and the result will determine whether the firm will continue its operations or
willter
minate. If successful they will proceed to engage all the other farmers and diversify the
services.
2.3 Competition
There are two firms in Bungoma County offering the same service. They include District
Survey
in Bungoma town and upcoming private firm. Although they have been in the industry for
quite
sometimes meridian intents to gain competitive advantage through utilizing geospatial
technologies as a basis of providing consultancy services to our clients. The satellite images
that
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will form the basis of our information acquisition are accurate and provide huge quantities of
information of large geographical areas without having to be there physically. The advice we
will give to our client will be accurate, informed and sure. SWOT analysis are the key areas
we
considered.
STRENGTH
OPPORTUNITIES
Technical skills- WEKE’S
Political instability
SURVVEYING FIRM are well trained
and therefore will produce the best
output.
Management- We have expertise
management and various marketing
officers hence increase the number of
clients against competitors.
Establish market share
Improved manager
client relationship.
Low competition
WEAKNESSES
THREADS
Being new in the market is a threat since it
must start and look for its own customers
deĀciency in capital


Pricing strategy-
Government policy-
Cost of production-
Competitors-
Bargaining powers of clients
WEKE’S SURVVEYING FIRM is well trained and therefore will produce the best output.
Management
We have expertise management and various marketing officers hence increase the number of
clients against competitors.
Establish market share.
i.
ii.
Political instability
Improved manager
client relationship.
Low competition.
iii.
iv.
WEAKNESSES THREATS
Being new in the market is a threat since it must start and look for its own customers
deficiency
in capital
Pricing strategy
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 Government policy
 Cost of production
 Competitors
Bargaining powers of clients
2.4 Pricing Strategy
The services are going to be priced on the basis of the market penetration strategies whereby
cheaper price than that of the competitors which will attract more customers to utilize the
Company’s services.
Also to be considered in the pricing policy of the business is the demand for the services with
regard to the 20/30 concept and the cost of the services to be rendered taking into account
how
the business is to maximize profit and sales hence achieve market leadership.
2.5 Sales Tactics
The services will be offered in the business premises house. It will accommodate all the
services
and consultants that will be required. The business will also participate in fields (site) of the
client.
2.6 Method of Advertising and Promotion
The customers will be informed of the services in the market to promote the success of
the business. The methods of promotion will be through the radio, brochures and
directcommuni
cation. The brochures will have the name, location and service of the business. The logo of
the
business will be placed along the road. The local radio stations e.g. Ramogi FM ,Citizen and
Imani FM will be used to advertise on daily basis of the firm. Seminars and announcements
will
be made in church and other public meetings about the business. The advertisement strategies
will be launched before the business commences. The business will also have seminars on
the lectures. The effectiveness of the advertisement will be measured by the turn-up of the
customers. The total advertisement will be Kshs. 10,000.
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2.7 Distribution Strategy
The business will deal with the direct service because dealing with customer will help
the business to eliminate the middlemen who exploit the customers by overcharging the
clientsso
as to maintain the number of clients.
DIRECTOR
EMPLOYEES
CUSTOMERS
CHAPTER THREE
ORGANIZATION PLAN
3.1 Organization Structure
Being a partnership kind of a business, the business will be managed by the proprietor who
will
be the overall supervisor so as to enhance maximum profit and success of the business. The
proposed organization structure of the business is as shown below:
MANAGING DIRECTOR
SURVEYOR
CARTOGRAPHER
SECRETARY
ACCOUNTANT
CHAIRMAN
MARKETING
DIRECTOR
SECURITY
GUARDS
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3.2 Key Management Personnel)
a) Manager
Qualifications
Diploma in civil engineering
Computer literate
Have entrepreneur skills and experience of 2 years
Responsibilities
i.
ii.
Supervision of staff-
Planning-
iii.
iv.
Coordinating-
Directing firm’s activities
b) Marketing Director Qualifications
 Diploma in sales and marketing-
 Good public relations skills-
 Should be computer literate
Responsibilities
Attracting and ensuring customers remain loyal to the business.
Ensures business expansion through adverts and promotions.
c)Accountant Qualifications
Should be a CPA holder having a work experience of 2 years.
Computer literate.
Able to apply accounting skills and professional work ethics.

Responsibilities
Keeping day to day financial reports-
Preparation checks.
Calculating wages for every employee
d)Secretary Qualifications
Good customer relations.
Diploma in Secretarial studiers and communication techniques-
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Computer literate
Responsibilities
Keeping business records.
Maintaining records effectively-
Typing records and documents
e) Surveyors Qualifications
Diploma in Land Surveying-
Computer literate
Responsibilities


Carrying out general duties i.e. land subdivision.
Collection, compilation and computation of field data.
Processing of title deeds.
3.3 Other Personnel)
Office Cleaner
Must be a Kenyan citizen.
Must be responsible, hygienic and self-driven.
Responsibilities
General cleanliness of the premises and compound.
b) Driver Qualifications

Have a driving experience for three years
Driver license and should be non- alcoholic
Age of 25 years and above.
Responsibilities
Driving manager and surveyors during field work.
Picking and dropping manager to and from his office.
c) Security Guards Qualifications
Able to use-security gadgets-
Reliable-
Physically fit.
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3.4 Recruitment, Training and Promotion4.4.1 Recruitment
Recruitment will be done by advertising of workers needed. The applicants will be shortlisted
and called for interviews according to positions they applied for. The applicants will then be
selected according to their performance during the interview and placed in different positions
depending on their capabilities.
3.4.2 Training
The manager will thereafter organize for the training of workers so as to equip them with the
necessary skills. Employees will be trained on how to use and adapt to new and latest
technology
by attending workshops, seminars and practical work. They will also be oriented on how to
handle different equipment to boost their confidence. The business tends to boost morale of
employees by establishing a base where employees are allowed to compete for higher
positions,
this will be done by checking hard work competence and commitment of the employees.
3.5 Remuneration and Incentives
As a way of motivating employees the business tend to offer additional allowance to psyche
them up. They include bonuses, commissions and free meals during fieldwork.
JOB TITLE
NO. OF
BANK
SALARY
40000
ALLOWANCES TOTAL
SALARY
EMPLOYEES
Manager
48000
32000
448000
20800
Assistant
17600
surveyor
Marketing
director
35200
32000
38400
Accountant
Driver
35200
8000
16000
8000
8000
32000
32000
32000
32000
32000
38400
11200
19200
11200
11200
Secretary
Office cleaner
Security guard
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Total
168000
272000
195200
3.6 License, Permits and By-Laws
The business will acquire license to legally operate in the country. It will need a trade license
service, license from the local authority. It will operate on a single business permit. Under the
national and county government the business is governed by regulations as follows;
The business will operate with county government in participation in its activities
Business will ensure zero contribution towards environmental pollution and
eradication practices.

Business will ensure it pays necessary taxes without being followed.
Business will follow the registration Business Act and Employment Act.
3.7 Supportive Services
This includes professional services that will be taken in to assist in the smooth running and
expansion of the business they include;
Allowing customers to air their view during the visit to the business.
Banking services from Kenya Commercial.
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CHAPTER FOUR
PRODUCTION PLAN
4.1 Production Objectives
The following objectives must be considered.
I.
II.
To maintain customers for continuous existence of the business.
To provide accurate scaled maps and plan with accurate dimension
To create job opportunities to the jobless hence improving living standards in the society.
III.
4.2 Production Facilities and Equipment Capacity Cost
EQUIPMENT
CAPACITY
COST OER
UNIT
880000
3200
TOTAL COST
Total station
Ranging roads
Steel tapes
Computers
Photocopies
Targets
880000
19200
14400
19200
12800
22400
12800
38400
28800
9600
4800
19200
12800
5600
Cabinets
6400
Chairs
12
3200
TABLES
4800
DRAWERS
TOTAL
2400
942400
1057600
The following will be considered during equipment selection.
Cost of equipment.
Cost of the maintenance and repair.
Durability of the equipment.
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15The diagram below shows the proposed firm layout.
4.3 Production Process
i.
The business will receive an order from client stating service needed.
Preparation for field work by gathering required machines needed by surveyor like map,
measuring tapes, note book, target, ranging rod and total station.
Surveying the site by taking measurement.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.
Office processing is done by drawing, recording and analyzing collected data.
Final presentation and report for the required service.
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4.4 Production Strategy
The business will use high quality equipment’s and machines to satisfy and attract more
customers. It will also identify itself with its products and will also identify itself with
its products and services by adopting unique trademarks so as to differentiate from
othercompetit
ors. The business will also strategize on the following;
Labour
Business will recruit specialized personnel to produce quality services that will ensure easy
market penetration and customers’ maintenance. Every employee will also work
Independently on his or her area of specialization.
Materials
The cost of materials depends on the market. The business intends to purchase materials
directly
from dealers so as to get friendly terms ad highly quality materials.


Expenses
Apart from labor the business will incur other expenses to ensure it runs smoothly.
EXPENSES
Legal fees
Electricity
Telephone
Water
COST PER MONTH
17600
1600
3200
1920
Miscellaneous
Total
16000
40320

Inadequate finance.
This may lead to poor performance of the business not expanding and employee’s strikes due
to
delayed salary.
Theft.
Business may incur loses due to insufficient security gadgets and employees stealing stuff
from
the premises
Inadequate skills.
Employees may not be able to handle equipment and perform task assigned since they have
no
skills for the modern technology.
Competitors.
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Upcoming similar firms with proper and advanced equipment may be threat to the business
since it might lose other customers’.
Government Policies.
The roles and regulations stated by authority might be too harsh, high taxation and tedious
license procedures.
Technology advancements.
This will incur more cost on the business training and buying of the new technology will be
required to curb all these, the business will put in place the following;
Provide adequate training to the employees.
Install modernization security to the employees and alarms to ensure safety throughout.
Ensures good interaction and relation with Kenya Commercial Bank so that they may assist
in
financing.
Give reasonable allowances and incentives to boost morale of employees.
4.6 Production Output

When production process prospers, the business tends to:
Open up more branches in order to provide more services for the country.
Create more employment for surveyors who are not able to use their skills due to lack of jobs.
4.7 Regulations Affecting Production Safety Regulation
Two fire extinguishers will be purchased and placed strategically for easy extinguishing
process
in case of fire outbreak.
Health Regulations
The business will be purchased a first air kit that will be permanently kept refilled the
premise
will also be kept clean at all times.
Government Regulation
Labor laws; the business will ensure employees are paid early and compensated incase of any
problem, practiced under the workers compensation Act 236 under Ministry of Labor.
Environmental Regulation
The business will dispose of its waste and garbage in a garbage bin to ensure proper disposal
and
maintain a clean and healthy environment.
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CHAPTER FIVE
5.0. FINANCIAL PLAN
5.1Introduction
It entails all financial matters of the business which enables the business to run
5.1 pre-operation cost
This is the cost that the business will incur before commencing its operations
Details
License
Cost(ksh)
3000
Advertisement
Insurance
Registration
Bills
2000
1500
2000
4000
Staff uniform
Raw materials
Tools and equipment
Transport
Salaries
7000
510000
200000
1500
86000
10000
827000
Rent
5.2 Estimation of working capital
working capital is the difference between current liabilities and current assets.
Details
1
st year
nd year
3rd year
Current assets
Stock
Debtors
625191.67
200000
817341.67
210000
112874.49
215000
Cash at hand
Cash at bank
Total assets
Liabilities
Creditors
120000
250000
1195191.67
150000
263000
1440341.71
160000
270000
1769874.99
150000
500000
650000
545191.67
160000
160000
1280341.71
175000
175000
1594874.99
Bank loan
Total liabilities
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5.3 loan and interest repayment
the business will borrow a loan from co-operative bank. The total amount of money to be
borrowed will be ksh 500000 at the interest rate of 12%per annum and with grace period of 3
months repayable within 2 years.
Months
Principal
Monthly
Interest
Balance
amount
500000
620000
installments
29523.81
29523.81
29523.81
29523.81
29523.81
29523.81
29523.81
29523.81
29523.81
29523.81
29523.81
29523.81
29523.81
29523.81
29523.81
29523.81
29523.81
29523.81
29523.81
29523.81
29523.81
29523.81
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
5714.29
5714.29
5714.29
5714.29
5714.29
5714.29
5714.29
5714.29
5714.29
5714.29
5714.29
5714.29
5714.29
5714.29
5714.29
5714.29
5714.29
5714.29
5714.29
5714.29
5714.29
5714.29
590476.20
560952.39
531428.59
501904.77
472380.96
442357.15
41333.34
383809.53
354285.72
324761.91
295238.10
265714.10
236190.48
206666.67
177142.80
147619.05
118095.24
88571.43
59047.62
29523.81
590476.20
560932.39
531428.59
501904.77
472380.96
442859.15
413333.34
383809.53
354285.72
324701.91
295238.10
265714.10
236190.48
206666.67
177142.80
147619.05
118095.24
88571.45
59047.62
29523.81
36

lOMoARcPSD|47364568
5.4(a) Projected cash flow for the 1st year 2024
Details
Cash flow
Beginning
cash
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
9230 6682 4471 653100 83327.1 1029052 122862. 141970 157308 168825 180213 190150.
00 00 00 .28 57 4.76 0.95 7.14 3.33 52
5630 5720 6000 608500 627800 652100 652900 635100 627800 647600 652500 663400
00 00 00
4000 3000 3500 3600
1490 1243 1050 126520 146507 1684952 188502 205860 220478 233965 245863 256880
Sales
Receipt
Total cash
inflow
Cashout flow
Salaries
4000
6.19
8600 8600 8600 86000 86000

3800
3500
3800
3900
3800
4000
3900
000
200
600
038
8.57
4.76
0.95
7.14
3.33
9.52
86000
86000
86000
86000
86000
86000
86000
Purchases
7100 6900 2900 295000 300000 320000 3300
00 00 00
4800 5000 4500 5300
1500
2000 2100 3500 3000
350000 380000 40000
420000 4800
Bills
4000
3300
4500
3000
4400
2000
4300
4400
4700
4300
4400
Insurance
Transport
Liense
Advertis+eme 2000
nt
-
-
2500
3500
3800
3900
3700
3000
-
-
-
-
Bank loan
-
295238 29523.8 29523.8 29523.8 29523.8 29523.8 29523.8 29523.8 29523.8
Rent
1000 1000 1000 10000 10000

10000
10000
10000
10000
10000
10000
10000
Miscellenuse 2500 3000 3500 3100
xpense
1000
3300
3400
3200
3100
3500
3400
3500
Total
8213 7960 3975 431923 3200
00 00 .81
6682 4471 6531 833276 102905 122862. 141970 157308 168825 180213 190150 195168
00 00 00 .19 2.38 57 4.76 0.95 7.14 3.33 9.52 5.71
456323. 465323. 485523. 516523. 527523. 537123. 617123.
81 81 81 81 81 81 81
Net flow
37

lOMoARcPSD|47364568
5.4(b) Projected cash flow for the 2NDyear 2025
Details
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
TOTA
Cash
flow
Beginnin 19516 22046 24574 27392 30291 33619 37384 41088 44770 48508 52244 56072 437510
g cash
Sales
85.71
61.9
38.09
14.28
90.47
66.66
42.85
19.04
9523
71.42
47.61
23.8
57.06
74110 74500 77850 79200 81460 84830 84690 83000 84070 84030 85360 87640 980740
0
0
Receipt
Total
cash
3500
3200
3300
3200
3000
3100
3100
3000
3100
3200
3200
3100
38000
26962 29528 32392 35344 38467 42136 45884 49418 53208 56943 60822 64867 535974
85.71 61.90 38.09 14.28 90.47 6.66 42.85 19.04 95.23 71.42 47.61 23.8 57.06
inflow
Cashout
flow
Salaries
86000 86000 86000 86000 86000 86000 86000 86000 86000 86000 86000 86000 103200
Purchase 35000 36000 36500 3700
3500
34000 34500 33000 33500 33400 34000 34500 416400
0
0
Bills
Insurance 1500
Transport 2500
Liense
Advertis 2000
+ement
4500
4600
-
2600
4300
2700
4700
2000
-
4300
2500
4400
2400
-
4100
2500
4200
2600
4300
-
2700
4400
2000
4500
2500
-
-
4400
2600
52700
1500
30800
3000
2000
3000
Bank
loan
Rent
29523. 29523. 29523. 29523 29523. 29523. 29523. 29523. 29523. 29523. 29523. 29523. 354285
81 81 81 81 81 81 81 81 81 81 81 81 .72
10000 10000 10000 10000 10000 10000 10000 10000 10000 10000 10000 10000 120000
Miscellen 2600
2700
2500
2400
2500
2000
2500
2400
2500
2400
2500
2700
30300
us
expense
Total
49162 49542 50002 50522 48482 47492 47962 46472 47002 46892 47502 48022 579058
38
lOMoARcPSD|47364568
3.81
3.81
38.09
3.81
14.28
3.81
90.47
3.81
3.81
3.81
19.04
3.81
95.23
3.81
71.42
3.81
47.61
3.81
23.8
3.81
99.99
5.72
Net flow 22046 24574 27392 30291 33619 37384 41088 44770 48508 52254 56072 60064
61.90
66.66
42.85
5.4(c) Projected cash flow for the 3RDyear 2026
Details
Cash
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
flow
Beginnin 60064 651729 70418 76101 820799 881469 945827 1101079 1073306 1135455 120042 126191
g cash
Sales
99.99
9.99
99.99
99.99
.99
9.99
9.91
79.91
79.91
79.91
79.91
79.91
10205 103800 10720 10920 172100 116300 117050 1144500 1153500 1164500 116950 118900
00
00
00
Receipt
Total
3800
3900
3900
3800
4000
4000
3700
3800
3900
3900
3800
4000
70307 755919 81177 87059 933299 998167 106324 1125677 1188807 1252299 131775 138121
cash
99.99
9.99
99.99
99.99
9.99
9.91
79.91
9.91
9.91
.91
79.91
79.91
inflow
Cashout
flow
Salaries
86000 86000 86000 86000 86000 86000
86000
86000
86000
425000
86000
41000
86000
430000 460000
86000
Purchases 40000 410000 39000 39000 410000 415000 416000 418000
Bills
5000
5100
5100
5200
5300
5200
5300
5200
5400
5500
5400
5300
Insurance 1500
Transport 3000
-
-
3100
3300
3500
3600
3700
3600
3500
3500
3500
3400
3500
Liense
Advertis+ 2000
ement
3000
-
-
-
-
Bank
loan
-
-
39

lOMoARcPSD|47364568
Rent
Miscellen 3000
10000 10000 10000 10000 10000 10000
10000
3600
10000
3200
10000
3600
10000
3700
10000
3600
10000
3500
3100
3200
3300
3400
3500
us
expense
Total
51350 517300 50760 49800 518300 253400 524500 526100
533500
518700
538400 568300
Net flow 65172 704189 76101 82079 881469 945822 101019 1073067 1135457 1200427 126191 132438
99.99 9.99 99.99 99.99 9.99 79.91 79.91 9.91 9.91 9.91 79.91 79.91
40

5.5Proforma Income Statements
(i) Projected trading profit and loss account for the 1st year 2024
Details
Ksh
Sales
7502700
4965000
124467700
Purchases
Gross profit
Expenses
Loans
265714.29
3000
Licences
Advertisement
Insurance
Salaries
2000
1500
1032000
54600
Bills
Rent
12000
Miscellaneous expenses
Transport
Total expenses
Net profit
38700
36300
1553814.29
10913885.71
(ii) Projected trending profit and loss account for the 2nd year 2021
Details
Ksh
Sales
9807400
4164000
13971400
Purchases
Gross profit
Expenses
Loans
354285.72
3000
Licences
Advertisement
Insurance
Salaries
2000
1500
1032000
52700
Bills
Rent
12000
Transport
Total expenses
Net profit
30300
30800
1626585.72
12344814.28
30

(iii) Projected trading profit and loss account for the 3rd 2022
Details
Ksh
Sales
13498500
500400
18502500
Purchases
Gross profit
Expenses
Loans
Licenses
3000
Advertisement
Insurance
Salaries
Bills
Rent
Transport
Total expenses
Net profit
2000
1500
1032000
63000
120000
41000
41100
1303600
17198900
Proforma balance sheet for Weke’s survey services
Description
Assets
1st year
nd year
3rd year
Equipment
Cash in hand
Cash at bank
Stock
200000
120000
250000
625191.67
200000
199200
150000
263000
817341.71
210000
199000
160000
270000
1124874.99
215000
Debtors
Total assets
Liabilities
Creditors
Bank loans
Total liabilities
Owner equity
1395191.67
1639541.71
1968874.99
150000
500000
650000
745191.67
160000
160000
1479541.71
175000
175000
1793874.99
31

5.6Break even analysis
Details
Sales
Sales
7502700
Fixed costs
Variables
Expenses
AdverĀsement
Rent
200
12000
54600
Bills
Miscellaneous
expenses
Transport
Insurance
RegistraĀon
License
38700
36300
1500
2000
3000
Salary
StaȀ uniform
Total
103200
7000
1402100
7502700
75000
Total contribuĀon margins=sales-total variables cost
=7502700-75000
Total contribuĀon margin for the year 2019
=7502700-75000
=ksh.7427700
totalcontributionmargin
∗100
ContribuĀon margin =
sales
Total contribuĀon margin for the year 2019
7427700
7502700
∗100
=99.0003
=99%
fixedcost
contributionmargin
∗100
Break even point=

Break even point for the year 2019
1402100
∗100
99
32

=1416262.63
5.7profitability ratio
netprofit
sales
proĀtability raĀo=
*100
ProĀtability raĀo the 1st year 2024
10913885.71
7502700
=145.466%
*100
return in investment
netprofit
capital
Return investment for the year 2024
∗100
10913885.71
545191.67
∗100
=2001.84
5.8 Desired financing
This is the total required to start the business the Onyango ’s survey òce will require capital
amount of
ksh.2000000
5.9 proposed capitalization
This is the amount of capital that is required to start and operate the business and the source
from which
will be obtained.
Item
Bank
Amount(ksh)
500000
Owners savings
ContribuĀon from relaĀves &friends
Total
1000000
500000
2000000
5.10 Potential risks
This is set of risks that has proĀtability of aȀecĀng business negaĀvely
a) Theꢀ
The Weke’s survey services will employ security guards to safeguard the properĀes
apply fencing within enterprise and install CCTV cameras
b) Fire
The business will put in place prevented i.e. in case of electric wires which are naked
there should be insulated
c) Low sales
33
(a) The business will maintain services by:
(b) Providing discounts on items purchased
(c) Being honest in terms of measuring quanĀĀes
(d) Punctual in premise opening
(e) AdverĀse good to show business sales in high quinĀles
d) Accidents
The business will provide safety materials to its employee to minimize damages and
injuries thus will reduce medical bills costs
e) OperaĀonal risks
This refers to unexpected failure in business day to day operaĀon. OperaĀon could be
technical failure or caused by employee. The businesses will parent this by having more
secure payment process.
34

APPENDIX
GOVERNOR’S OFFICE
County
Assembly
Teachers
Kitale
Òce
Lands
PLAZA
POLICE STATION
35

1

Land Survey B-Plan-Plan

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Business PLAN

Cerificate in Land Survey

P.O BOX 10-50200

TITLE: BUSINESS PLAN

PRESENTED BY: WEKESA S OSCAR

PRESENTED TO: KITALE NATIONAL POLYTECHNIC FOR THE

FULFILMENT OF THE AWARD OF A DIPLOMA IN LAND

SUPERVISOR: PAUL MBACHI

SERIES : November 2024

Downloaded by kalasinga mutugi ([email protected])

has ever been

presented for examination purpose

NAME: WEKESA S OSCAR

SUPERVISOR NAME: MR MBACHI PAUL

Downloaded by kalasinga mutugi ([email protected])

also devote this work to

materials for the

success of this business plan, without forgetting my supportive classmates.

Downloaded by kalasinga mutugi ([email protected])

money to come up with this project and making it a success.

My gratitude must also be extended to my lecturers at Kitale national [polytechnic,

particularly for their

support and to my family

for encouraging me and being here in time of need.

Downloaded by kalasinga mutugi ([email protected])

1.8 Product and

1.9 Goals and

1.1 Entry and Growth

2.6 Method of AdverĀsing and

3.2 Key Management

Downloaded by kalasinga mutugi ([email protected])

3.4 Recruitment, Training and PromoĀon4.4.1

3.5 RemuneraĀon and

3.6 License, Permits and By-

4.2 ProducĀon FaciliĀes and Equipment Capacity

4.7 RegulaĀons AȀecĀng ProducĀon Safety

Cash ow projecĀon for year

5.4Pro forma Trial Balance for the year

Pro forma Trial Balance for year

Pro forma Balance sheet for year

Pro forma Balance sheet for the year

Pro forma trial balance for year

5.5 Break even point for year

Break even point for year

Break even point for year

5.6 Financial raĀo for year

Financial raĀo for year

Downloaded by kalasinga mutugi ([email protected])

Downloaded by kalasinga mutugi ([email protected])

growth of the business.

Organizational and management plan

organization where the manager will be assisted by Assistant Surveyor, Cartographer,

Downloaded by kalasinga mutugi ([email protected])

1.1 BUSINESS DESCRIPTION

1.2 Business Name

1.3 Business LocaĀon and Address

WEKE’S SURVEYING FIRM

1.4 Business Ownership

experience. Also the capital specified amount of monetary investment on entry.