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Cookieintro

Study with javascript language

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janhavi1292006
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9 views5 pages

Cookieintro

Study with javascript language

Uploaded by

janhavi1292006
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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JavaScript Cookies

Cookies are data, stored in small text files, on your computer.


When a web server has sent a web page to a browser, the connection is
shut down, and the server forgets everything about the user.
Cookies were invented to solve the problem "how to remember
information about the user":
When a user visits a web page, his/her name can be stored in a cookie.
Next time the user visits the page, the cookie "remembers" his/her name.
Cookies are saved in name-value pairs like:
username = John Doe

A cookie is an amount of information that persists between a server-side


and a client-side. A web browser stores this information at the time of
browsing.

A cookie contains the information as a string generally in the form of a


name-value pair separated by semi-colons. It maintains the state of a user
and remembers the user's information among all the web pages.

How Cookies Works?


When a user sends a request to the server, then each of that request is
treated as a new request sent by the different user.
So, to recognize the old user, we need to add the cookie with the
response from the server.
browser at the client-side.
Now, whenever a user sends a request to the server, the cookie is added
with that request automatically. Due to the cookie, the server recognizes
the users.

Cookies consist of 5 variable-length fields:


Expires − This shows the date the cookie will expire. If this is blank, the
cookie will expire when the visitor quits the browser.

Domain − The domain field provides the domain name of your site.

Path − It is the path to the directory or web page that set the cookie. This
can be left blank if you want to retrieve the cookie from any directory or
page.

Secure − If this field contains the word “secure”, then the cookie may
only be retrieved with a secure server. If this field is blank, there are no
such restrictions.

Name=Value − This depicts the cookies that are set and retrieved in the
form of key-value pairs.

Create a Cookie with JavaScript


JavaScript can create, read, and delete cookies with the document.cookie
property.
Creating cookies in JavaScript involves using the document.cookie
object to set key-value pairs and additional parameters. To create a
cookie, assign a string containing the desired cookie information to
document.cookie. This string can include attributes like expiration date,
domain, and path.
With JavaScript, a cookie can be created like this:
document.cookie = "username=ABC XYZ";
You can also add an expiry date (in UTC time). By default, the cookie is
deleted when the browser is closed:
document.cookie = "username=John Doe; expires=Thu, 18 Dec 2013
12:00:00 UTC";
With a path parameter, you can tell the browser what path the cookie
belongs to. By default, the cookie belongs to the current page.
document.cookie = "username=John Doe; expires=Thu, 18 Dec 2013
12:00:00 UTC; path=/";

Read a Cookie with JavaScript


JavaScript allows developers to read cookies using the document.cookie
property, which stores all cookies as a string. To extract specific values,
developers often create functions that parse this string. Security
considerations, like proper decoding and HttpOnly attributes, are crucial.
With JavaScript, cookies can be read like this:
let x = document.cookie;
<html>
<head>
<title>How to read a cookies</title>
<script>
document.cookie = "session=123456789";

function readAllCookies() {
let cookies = document.cookie;
console.log(cookies);
}

readAllCookies();
</script>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Read All Cookies</h1>
</body>
</html>

Change a Cookie with JavaScript


JavaScript enables the modification of cookies by updating their values
or attributes. Developers use the document.cookie property to both read
and write cookies. When changing a cookie, it’s crucial to consider
parameters like expiration date, path, and security attributes.

With JavaScript, you can change a cookie the same way as you create it:
document.cookie = "username=JJJ III; expires=Thu, 18 Dec 2013
12:00:00 UTC; path=/";

Delete a Cookie with JavaScript


JavaScript provides a way to delete cookies by setting their expiration
date in the past. When a cookie’s expiration date is in the past, the
browser automatically removes it. Developers use the document.cookie
property to delete cookies, ensuring a clean and secure user experience.

Deleting a cookie is very simple.


You don't have to specify a cookie value when you delete a cookie.
Just set the expires parameter to a past date:
document.cookie = "username=; expires=Thu, 01 Jan 1970 00:00:00
UTC; path=/;";

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