Erampe

An autmobile single plate clutch consists of

The inner and outer radii two pairs of contacting surfaces.
offriction are 120 mm and 250 mm respectively.
The coefficient of friction is 0.25 and the total axial force is 15 KN. Calculate
the power iransmitting capacity of the clutch plate at 500
rpm using:
(i) Uniform wear theory and,
(i) Uniform pressure theory AU, May/June 2013/
Solution:

Given:
Bothe sides are effective

Inner radius,
min =120 mm 0.12 m
Outer radius, max 250 mm = 0.25 m
Cocflicient of friction, u = 0.25
Total axial force, Q 15 kN =15000 N
Speed. n = 500rpm

2 n.M
Power transmitted, P =.
60
lorque transmitted. M, = 2uQ

=
2 x 0.25 x 15000 xr
m
= 7500 m

Uniformwear thcory
= min may
2
 0.12 + 0.25
= = 0.185 m.
2
7500 0.185 1387.5 N- m.
M,=
=
x

p2X T x 500 x 1387.5

60
P 72649 Watts
= 72.649 kW. . (Ans)

(ii) Uniform pressure theory

3 3

Tm
max min
2 2
max min.
0.25 0.123
0.25 0.122
= 0.1926 m.

M,= 7500 x 0.1926

= 1444.59 N-m.

XT x 500 x 1444.59
p
60
P 75639 Watts
75.639 kW. (Ans)
Example 9.8
A multi plate clutch with both sides effective transmits 30 kW at 360 rpm.
Inner and outer radii of the clutch discs are 100 mm and 200 mm respectively.
The effective coefficient offriction is 0.25. An axial load of 600Nis applied.
and
Assuning uniform wear conditions, find the number of discs required
the maximum intensity ofpressure developed. [AU, May/June 2016
Solution:
Given: Power 30 kW = 30000 W
n = 360rpm
Speed,
Inner radius, min 100 mm =0.1 m
max 2 0 0 mm = 0.2 m
Outer radius,
Coefficient of friction, u = 0.25
Axial load, Q = 600 N

For uniform wear conditions, n = mintmax

2

m 0.1+0.2
2
-0.15m.
Steps:
1. Torque to be transmitted, M;
60 x Power in Watts
M, 2Tn
60x 30000 = 795.77N m.
2x Tx360
 Design torque, [M,]:
As the operating conditions are not specified;
Design torque,
[M= M, (assumed).
[M]= 795.77 N- m.
Clutch shaft diameter, d -

not asked for.

4Internalradius, min0.I m
External radius, max 0.2 m.

. Allowable pressure (maximum pressure), P,

Axial load, Q 600 N (given)
=

Also Q= 27(Pamin)
(max -rmin)
Q
Pa
2x Tx
X
nin maxmin
600
2xtx0.1x(0.2-0.1)
= 9549.3 N/m

P0.095493 N/mm. (Ans)

6. Coefficient of friction, n = 0.25 (given).

,Torque transmitted per pair of friction surface, [M],

M, = 4.Qm
= 0.25 x 600 x 0.15

22.5 N-m.
i:
Number of pairs offriction surfaces,

i [M,]
[M,]
795.77
22.5
35.37 (or)
i= 36 Pairs of surfaces.
. of friction surfaces + 1
Number of plates =Number
36 +1 . (Ans)
37.
. T04

Example 9.11
A Multi - plate clutch steel on bronze is to transmit 6 kIW power at 750 rpm
The inner radius of contact surface is 4 cm and outer rudius is 7 cm. the
is 0.1. The average
clutch plates operate in oil, so the coefficient offriction
the total number of steel and bronze
pressure is 0.5 Nmm. Determine (i)
actual average pressure
friction discs (ii) actual axial force required (iii)
LAU, Nov/Dec. 20161
(iv) actual marinmum pressure.

Solution:
= 6 kW = 6000 W
Given: Power
n = 750 rpm
Speed.
min4 cm 0.04
m =

Inner radius,
Outer radius, max 7 cm = 0.07 m

Coefficient of friction, 0.1

N/mm* =
0.35 x 10° N/m
Average pressure, Pa0.35

For uniform wear (assumed):

=
nin max
2
0.04 +0.0 0.055 m. -

Steps:
1. Torque to be transmitted, M;
M, 60
= x Power in Watts
2 Tn
60 x 6000
=
76.39N -
m.
2x Tx 750

2.
2 Design torque, [M]:
As the operating conditions are not specified;

Design torque, [M]=M,(assumed).

[M] =
76.39 N -

m.

3 Clutch shaft diameter, d -

not asked for.

4 Internal radius, min0.04 m (given).

External radius, max0.07 m (given).
Average pressure, P -
0.35 x
10° N/m (given).
6. Coefficient of friction, l = 0.1 (given).
 Clutches and Brakes 5.105
c a n s

Torque transmitted
Targue transm.
per pair of friction surfaces, [M,]
IM, 24 Pav Tmin nmax max min) . (P is given)
2
2 x 0.1 x *
0.35 10°
=
n x x 0.055 x
(0.07 0.04) 0.055
= 19.96 N m. -

Number of friction surfaces, i

M,] 76.39
i= 3.83
M, 19.96
i=4 pairs of surfaces
Number of steel and bronze plates = Number of pairs of friction surface +

= 4+1
5. (Ans)
10. Actual average pressure, o (or) av
PSG page 7.90:
76.39
M
2x Tx4xixbxu(r,) 2xtx4x0.03x 0. Ix (o.055)2 (D = max

min
334927 N/m2
o 0.33 N/mm?. . (Ans)

Actual axial force required, Q:

Q 27 Pe min +max max-min)

2
2 x T x 0.33 x 10° x 0.055 x (0.07 - 0.04)

3472 N. (Ans)
Actual maximum pressure, Pa*

Pa minPmin max Pav Tmin

| 2tmax.
max)0.33 x10 x
Pavmin+nax
0.055
PPa =
0.04
2x min
P453750 N/m2
0.45 N/mm?. (Ans)
A power oj 20 kY is to be
transmitted through a cone clutch at 500
rp.
For uniform wear
condition, find the main dimensions of clutch and shagl.
Also determine the axial
force reauired to engage the clutch.
coeficient oj friction as 0.25, the maximum Assum
normal pressure on thejrictio"
Surface is not be
exceed 0.08 MPa and take
the design stress for the sng
materials as 40 MPa.
IAU, April/may 20151
Solution:
Given:
Power 20 kW 20000 W
Speed, n = 500 rpmn

Cone clutch, uniform wear condition

Coefficient of friction, L=0.255

Maximum normal pressure, p 0.08 MPa =0.08 x
10 N/n
for shaft material, [t] =
40 MPa =40 x 10° N/m.
Design stress

Torque to be transmitted, M: b

M.
M,
60 x Powerin Watts
2 Tn
60 x 20000
382N-m.
2x Tx 500
Clutch shaft diameter, d: Figure 9.12 (a)

Assuming design torque [M,]

=

M, =382 N m
-

M,]=]d
16
b
d 3 16xT[t
[m,] a
Figure 9.12 (b)
16x 382
3 VT [40 x 10°]
d 0.037 m
37 mm. ... (Ans)

Dimensions of the clutch:

Assumptions: semi cone angle, a = 12°

Facewidth,b = where,

Tm mean radius of the clutch plate

=minmax for uniform wear.

2
 5.11/
[M,] = 2Tupr,,b

382 2 x T x 0.25 x
0.08 x10 x
x
382 2
Tx 0.250.08 x10
x

0.183 m (or)
max= 0.183 m
max nmin 0.3 66m,
.. (1)

hhe geometry

sin a = max min

b
sin 12 = nax min
b
We have already assumed that: b= O 1 8 3 0.0915m.
2
'Tmax min= (0.0915) (sin 12)
= 0.019 m.
(2)
ONIng equations (1) and (2);
The inner radius of friction surface, min 0.1735 m
he outer radius of friction surface. max 0.1925 m. (Ans)
Aalforce required to cngage the clutch, QE
QE = Q, (gu cos a + sin a)

Q
Q F

Sin a

Q = px 2 Tm b.sina)
Axial force,
Q
Qo. =

sina
=px 2nrmb
= 0,08 xl0°x2xTx0.183x0.0915
Q,-8417 N.
Q-8417 x (0.25 cos 12 +sin 12)
= 3808 N.
.(Ans)
 Adry single plate clutch is to be
designed to transnit 112 kW at 2000 rpm. The
outer radius of the friction plate is 1.25 times the inner
radius. The intensity of
pressure between the plates is not to exceed 0.07 N/nmm. The
coefficient of
friction niay be assumed equal to 0.3. The helical springs required by this clutch
to provide axialforce necessary to engage the clutch are 8. If each spring has
stiffness equal to 40 N/mm, determine the dimensions of
initial compression in the springs.
thefriction plate and
AU, May/ June 2012
Solution:
Given: Power to be transmitted = 112kW = 112000 W
Speed, n = 2000 rpm

Outer radius, ax=1.25

Tmin
Maximum pressure, Pas = 0.07 N/mm =
0.07 x 10° N/m
Coefficient of frietion, =
0.3
 8 springs with a stiffness of 40 N/mm = 40 x 10 N/m each.

60x Powerin Watts

Torque to be transmitted, M,= 2 7Tn
60x 112000
2x Tx 2000
534.76N - m.

Axial force, Q 2n(Pmax /min) max min)

...(Since Pua is known)

=
2 T(0.07 x 10° x
rmin) (1.25r,minmin)
2
Q=109956 x min
Also; M, 24Qm
Assuming uniform wear;
min max mint125rmin
2 2
= 1.125 min

M 2 x1.125 x min
=2x0.3 x 109956 x min

= 74220.3 r 3
min

74220.3 rmin 534.76

min0.193 m
= 193 mm.

max 1.25 x 0.193 =

0.241 m

241 mm. .. (Ans)

Initial compression of the springs

Axial (spring) force, Q= 109956 x

min
=
109956 x
(0.193)
= 4096 N.

There are 8 springs,

4096
Axial force per spring
8
= 512 N.
 Axial force Force
Initial spring compression Stiffness
Stiffness Deflection,
512
40 x10
= 0.0128 m

= 12.8 mm. .. (Ans)