

 MODUL PELATIHAN BAHASA INGGRIS

 Basic Writing

 Topic: Writing Sentences In The Simple
Present Tense dan The Present Continuous
Tense

 SESI 8

 TUTOR: Maya Sekartaji, S.S.,M.Hum

 UNDIRA ENGLISH CENTER

 2023
Objective
● To understand the difference between the simple present tense and the present
continuous tense.
● To be able to form sentences in the simple present tense and the present
continuous tense correctly.
● To use the simple present tense and the present continuous tense appropriately in
writing and speaking.
● To improve overall English grammar and usage.
Outcome
● Students will be able to define the simple present tense and the present continuous
tense.
● Students will be able to identify the correct tense to use in a given context.
● Students will be able to form sentences in the simple present tense and the
present continuous tense correctly.
● Students will be able to use the simple present tense and the present continuous
tense appropriately in their own writing and speaking.
● Students will be able to improve their overall English grammar and usage.
Deskripsi Materi Materi ini akan membahas tentang definisi, pemahaman,
serta implementasi dari The Simple Present Tense dan
The Present Continuous Tense dalam struktur kalimat
Bahasa
Inggris.
Luaran Materi Setelah mempelajari materi ini, peserta pelatihan akan:

● Memahami definisi, pemahaman, serta

implementasi dari The Simple Present Tense dan

The Present Continuous Tense dalam struktur
kalimat Bahasa Inggris

● Mengimplementasikan The Simple Present

Tense dan The Present Continuous Tense

dalam struktur
kalimat Bahasa Inggris

Keterangan:

Seluruh materi ditulis dalam bahasa Inggris. Untuk kejelasan materi, silakan ikuti
juga penjelasan materi melalui video ajar yang diberikan. Video ajar disampaikan

2
 SIMPLE PRESENT AND PRESENT PROGRESSIVE TENSE

Before we discuss the Present Tense, we need to understand the basic idea of Tenses in
English Grammar. The tenses of course are not the same as Indonesian grammar. Try to
understand them in English as well (even though the explanation is in the Indonesian language
in the video). Let’s understand the definition of “tense” first. According to the Cambridge
dictionary (in terms of grammar), tense means:
“any of the forms of a verb which show the time at which an action happened”

Tenses in the English language are very important because they will show the time when one
action or some actions happen. Therefore, we need to pay attention to Time and Aspect.

TIME Present, Past, Future

ASPECT Simple, Continuous (Progressive), Perfect

DISCUSSION

Figs. 1
SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE
If we want to talk about facts, general truth, opinion, and habits, then we should use the Simple
Present Tense.
The picture shows how an action happens from the past, to the present, then to the future. The
aspect is Simple/basic. This indicates the action (marking X) is always true or factual from the
past up to the future. Therefore, to indicate one action is true, factual, opinion, and shows
habits, we use The Simple Present Tense.
For example:

 The sun rises from the East. (fact)

 I think learning English is easy. (opinion)

 Students should study well. (truth)

 I always come on time to work. (habit)

FORMING THE SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE: (using the verb “think”)

Affirmative Interrogative Negative

I think Do I think? I do not think/I don’t think
You think Do you think? You do not think/You
don’t
think
He thinks Does he think? He does not think/He
doesn’t think
She thinks Does she think? She does not think/She
doesn’t think
It thinks Does it think? It does not think/It doesn’t
think
We think Do we think? We do not think/We don’t
think.
They think Do they think? They do not think/They
don’t think

NOTES ON THE SIMPLE PRESENT, THIRD PERSON SINGULAR

 In the third person singular the verb always ends in -s:

he wants, she needs, he gives, she thinks.

 Negative and question forms use DOES (= the third person of the auxiliary 'DO') + the
infinitive of the verb.
o He wants ice cream.
o Does he want strawberries?
o He does not want vanilla.

 Verbs ending in -y: the third person changes the -y to -ies:

fly --> flies, cry --> cries

Exception: if there is a vowel before the -y:
play --> plays, pray --> prays
 Add -es to verbs ending in: -ss, -x, -sh, -ch:

he passes, she catches, he fixes, it pushes

  With most verbs, the third-person singular form is created simply by adding -S. However,

you need to add -ES or change the ending a little with some verbs. Here are the rules:

Verb ending in... How to make the 3rd person singular Example
S Add –ES He passes
Z Add –ES She waltzes
Sh Add –ES She wishes
Ch Add –ES He watches
X Add –ES She mixes
consonant + y Change Y to I, then add -ES It flies
[anything else] Add –S He sings

PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE

Figs. 2
The present continuous (also called present progressive) is a verb tense that is used to show
that an ongoing action is happening now, either at the moment of speech or now in a larger
sense. The present continuous can also be used to show that an action is going to take place in
the near future. Read on for detailed descriptions, and examples, and present continuous
exercises.

Present Continuous Forms

The present continuous is formed using am/is/are + present participle. Questions are
indicated by inverting the subject and am/is/are. Negatives are made with not.

 Statement: You are watching TV.

 Question: Are you watching TV?

 Negative: You are not watching TV

 Using “Now”

Use the present continuous with normal verbs to express the idea that something is happening now,
at this very moment. It can also be used to show that something is not happening now.
Examples:

 You are learning English now.

 You are not swimming now.

 Are you sleeping?

 I am sitting.

 I am not standing.

 Is he sitting or standing?

 They are reading their books.

 They are not watching television.

 What are you doing?

 Why aren't you doing your homework?

Longer Actions in Progress Now

In English, "now" can mean this second, today, this month, this year, this century, and so on.
Sometimes, we use the present continuous to say that we are in the process of doing a longer
action that is in progress; however, we might not be doing it at this exact second.
Examples: (All of these sentences can be said while eating dinner in a restaurant.)

 I am studying to become a doctor.

 I am not studying to become a dentist.

 I am reading the book Tom Sawyer.

 I am not reading any books right now.

 Are you working on any special projects at work?

 Aren't you teaching at the university now?

 Near Future

Sometimes, speakers use the present continuous to indicate that something will or will not
happen in the near future.
Examples:

 I am meeting some friends after work.

 I am not going to the party tonight.

 Is he visiting his parents next weekend?

 Isn't he coming with us tonight?

Form Present Continuous Tense Examples

Positive Subject + be (am/is/are) + verb (-ing) + She is sleeping right now
(+) … We are studying today
Negative Subject +be (am/is/are) + not + verb (- She is not sleeping right now
(-) ing) + … We are not studying today
Interrogative Be (am/is/are) + subject + verb (-ing) + Is she sleeping right now?
(?) …? Are we studying today?
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Betty S. Azar, Stacy A. Hagen. (2009). Understanding and Using English Grammar (4th ed.). New
York, US: Pearson.
Diane Hall, et.al. (2016). English for Everyone: English Grammar Guide (1st ed.). (A. S. Jenny Siklos,
Ed.) US: Penguin Random House.
Murphy, R. (2019). English Grammar in Use (5th ed.). UK: Cambridge University Press.

https://www.ef.com/wwen/english-resources/english-grammar/simple-present-tense/

https://www.englishpage.com/verbpage/presentcontinuous.html