2007 SECTION II, PART A SA-265

SPECIFICATION FOR NICKEL AND NICKEL-BASE

ALLOY-CLAD STEEL PLATE

SA-265

(Identical with ASTM Specification A 265-03.)

1. Scope B 333 Specification for Nickel-Molybdenum Alloy Plate,

1.1 This specification covers plate of a carbon steel or Sheet, and Strip
low-alloy steel base to which is integrally and continuously B 409 Specification for Nickel-Iron-Chromium Alloy
bonded on one or both sides a layer of nickel or nickel- Plate, Sheet, and Strip
base alloy. The material is generally intended for pressure B 424 Specification for Nickel-Iron-Chromium-Mo-Cu
vessel use but may be used in other structural applications Alloy (UNS N08825 and N08221) Plate, Sheet, and Strip
where corrosion resistance of the alloy is of prime impor- B 443 Specification for Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-
tance. Columbium Alloy (UNS N06625) and Nickel-Chro-
mium-Molybdenum-Silicon Alloy (UNS N06219) Plate,
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be Sheet, and Strip
regarded as the standard. SI units are provided for informa- B 463 Specification for UNS N08020, UNS N08026, and
tion only. UNS N08024 Alloy Plate, Sheet, and Strip
B 575 Specification for Low-Carbon Nickel-Molybdenum-
Chromium, Low-Carbon Nickel-Chromium- Molybde-
2. Referenced Documents num, Low-Carbon Nickel-Chromium Molybdenum-
2.1 ASTM Standards: Copper, Low-Carbon Nickel-Chromium Molybdenum-
A 6/A 6M Specification for General Requirements for Tantalum, and Low-Carbon Nickel-Chromium Molyb-
Rolled Structural Steel Bars, Plates, Shapes, and Sheet denum Tungsten Alloy Plate, Sheet, and Strip
Piling B 582 Specification for Nickel-Chromium-Iron-Molybde-
A 20/A 20M Specification for General Requirements for num-Copper Alloy Plate, Sheet, and Strip
Steel Plates for Pressure Vessels B 625 Specification for UNS N08904, UNS N08925, UNS
A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Test- N08031, UNS N08932, UNS N08926, and UNS R20033
ing of Steel Products Plate, Sheet, and Strip
A 480/A 480M Specification for General Requirements for
2.2 ASME Code:
Flat-Rolled Stainless and Heat-Resisting Steel Plate,
Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section IX, Welding
Sheet, and Strip
Qualifications
A 578/A 578M Specification for Straight-Beam Ultrasonic
Examination of Plain and Clad Steel Plates for Special
Applications 3. Terminology
A 751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Specification:
Chemical Analysis of Steel Products
Descriptions of Terms:
B 127 Specification for Nickel-Copper Alloy (UNS
N04400) Plate, Sheet, and Strip 3.1.1 This material is considered as single-clad or
B 162 Specification for Nickel Plate, Sheet, and Strip double-clad nickel or nickel-base alloy clad steel plate,
B 168 Specification for Nickel-Chromium-Iron Alloy depending on whether one or both sides are covered.
(UNS N06600, N06601, N06603, N06690, N06025, and 3.1.2 The term plate as used in this specification
N06045) and Nickel-Chromium-Cobalt-Molybdenum applies to material 3⁄16 in. (2.73 mm) and over in thickness,
Alloy (UNS N06617) Plate, Sheet, and Strip and over 10 in. (254 mm) in width.
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

425
Copyright ASME International
Provided by IHS under license with ASME
No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale
 SA-265 2007 SECTION II, PART A

3.1.3 alloy cladding — the nickel or nickel-base alloy requirements in Specification A 20/A 20M. If the require-
component of the composite plate. ments of this specification are in conflict with the require-
3.1.4 base metal (backing steel) — component to ments of Specification A 20/A 20M, the requirements of
which the alloy cladding is applied, usually the greater this specification shall prevail.
percentage of the composite plate and usually consisting 4.4 Special tests.
of carbon or low-alloy steel.
3.1.5 integrally and continuously bonded — the pro-
5. Materials and Manufacture
cess by which the alloy cladding and base metal are brought
together to form a metallurgical bond at essentially the 5.1 Process:
entire interface of the two metals by means other than 5.1.1 The steel shall be made by the open-hearth,
those processes that do not produce a homogeneous com- electric-furnace (with separate degassing and refining
posite plate. optional), or basic-oxygen processes, or by secondary pro-
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

cesses whereby steel made from these primary processes

is remelted using, but not limited to electroslag remelting
4. Ordering Information or vacuum arc remelting processes.
4.1 It is the responsibility of the purchaser to specify 5.1.2 The cladding metal may be metallurgically
all requirements that are necessary for material ordered bonded to the base metal by any method that will produce
under this specification. Such requirements may include, a clad steel that will conform to the requirements of this
but are not limited to the following: specification.
4.1.1 Quantity (weight or number of pieces), 5.2 Heat Treatment — Unless a specific heat treatment
is required by the cladding material or base steel specifica-
4.1.2 Heat treatment, if required (see Section 5),
tion, or unless otherwise agreed upon by the purchaser
4.1.3 Dimensions, including the thickness of the and manufacturer, the clad plate shall be furnished in a
cladding alloy and the backing steel, or of the total compos- condition that is appropriate for the cladding alloy, base
ite plate and if more or less restrictive thickness tolerances metal, or both.
apply,
4.1.4 Cladding alloy specification (see Section 6),
6. Chemical Composition
4.1.5 Base metal specification (see Section 6), 6.1 The composite plate may conform to any desired
4.1.6 Product analysis, if required. Specify whether combination cladding metal and base metal as described
applicable to the cladding alloy, backing steel, or both (see in 6.2 and 6.3, and as agreed upon between the purchaser
Section 10), and the manufacturer.
4.1.7 Mechanical Properties (see Sections 7, 13, 6.2 Cladding Metal — The nickel or nickel-base alloy
and 14), cladding metal specified shall conform to the requirements
as to chemical composition prescribed for the respective
4.1.8 Restrictions, if required, on repair by welding
metal in Specifications B 127, B 162, B 168, B 333, B 409,
(see Section 14), and
B 424, B 443, B 463, B 575, B 582, and B 625, or other
4.1.9 Additions to the specification or special nickel-base alloy as agreed upon by the purchaser and
requirements. manufacturer.
4.1.10 Corrosions tests, if required. 6.3 Base Metal — The base metal shall be carbon steel
or low-alloy steel conforming to the ASTM specifications
4.2 In addition to the basic requirements of this specifi-
for steels for either pressure vessels or general structural
cation and the backing steel specification, certain supple-
applications, or other, as agreed upon by the purchaser and
mentary requirements are available when necessary to meet
manufacturer. The base metal shall conform to the chemical
the end use requirements. These include:
requirements of the specification to which it is ordered.
4.2.1 Nondestructive examination,
4.2.2 Impact testing, and
7. Mechanical Properties
4.2.3 Simulated Post-Weld Heat Treatment of 7.1 Tensile Requirements:
Mechanical Test Coupons (SPWHT).
7.1.1 The tensile properties shall be determined by
4.3 The purchaser is referred to the listed supplemen- a tension test of the composite plate for clad plates that
tary requirements in this specification and to the detailed meet all of the following conditions.

426
Copyright ASME International
Provided by IHS under license with ASME
No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale
 2007 SECTION II, PART A SA-265

7.1.1.1 The nominal composite gage is less than 8. Number of Tests and Retests
or equal to 11⁄2 in (38 mm). 8.1 One or more tension tests, as required by the speci-
7.1.1.2 The specified minimum tensile strength of fications for the base metal and when specified, one shear
the base steel is less than or equal to 70 000 psi (485 MPa). test or three bond bend tests shall be made, representing
each plate as rolled. Each specimen shall be in the final
7.1.1.3 The specified minimum yield strength of
condition of heat treatment required for the plate, including
the base steel is less than or equal to 40 000 psi (275 MPa).
any SPWHT if required.
7.1.1.4 The tensile properties thus determined
shall not be less than the minimum and not more than 8.2 If any test specimen shows defective machining or
5000 psi (35 MPa) over the maximum prescribed in the develops flaws, it may be discarded and another specimen
specification for the base steel used. All other tensile test substituted.
requirements of the specification for the base steel shall
be met.
9. Test Specimens
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

7.1.2 The tensile properties shall be determined by

9.1 The tension test specimens shall conform to the
a tension test of the base steel only for clad plates that
requirements prescribed in the specifications for the base
meet one of the following conditions. The properties thus
metal.
determined shall meet all of the tensile test requirements
for the base steel. 9.2 Bend test specimens for the alternative bond
7.1.2.1 The composite gage is greater than 11⁄2 in. strength tests shall be taken at right angles to its longitudi-
nal axis.
7.1.2.2 The specified minimum tensile strength of
the base steel is greater than 70 000 psi (485 MPa). 9.3 When required by the purchaser, the shear test
specimen shall be taken near a top or bottom corner of the
7.1.2.3 The specified minimum yield strength of
plate as rolled, parallel to its longitudinal axis, or other
the base steel is greater than 40 000 psi (275 MPa).
location that is representative of the final product.
7.1.3 If the cladding is for corrosion allowance only,
the cladding need not be included in the tensile test. The 9.4 For plates 11⁄2 in. (38 mm) and under in thickness,
tensile properties thus determined shall meet the base steel tension test specimens shall be the full thickness of the
requirements. material, except as specified in 8.1 and 8.2.
9.5 For plates over 11⁄2 in. (38 mm) in thickness, tension
7.2 Test for strength of the bond, when required, must
tests shall be of the form shown in Fig. 3 and shall be
be specified by the purchaser and shall consist of one of
of all base steel conforming to the requirements of the
the following.
specification for the base steel.
7.2.1 Shear Strength — When required by the pur-
chaser, the minimum shear strength of the alloy cladding 9.6 The bend test specimen used for bond strength
and base metals shall be 20 000 psi (140 MPa). The shear determination shall be 11⁄2 in. (38 mm) by not more than
3
test, when specified, shall be made in the manner indicated ⁄4 in. (19 mm) in thickness and shall be machined to the
in Fig. 1. The minimum cladding thickness for shear testing form and dimensions shown in Fig. 2, or may be machined
shall be 0.075 in. (1.9 mm) exclusive as ordered. with both edges parallel. In reducing the thickness of the
specimen, both the alloy cladding and the base steel shall
7.2.2 Bond Strength — As an alternative to the shear be machined so as to maintain the same ratio of clad metal
strength test provided in 7.2.1 or when agreed upon by the to base steel as is maintained in the plate, except that the
purchaser and the manufacturer, or both, three bend tests thickness of the clad material need not be reduced below
shall be made with the alloy cladding in compression to 1
⁄8 in. (3.1 mm). The sides of the bend test specimen used
determine the quality of the bond. These bend tests shall for bond strength determination may have the corners
be made in the manner of the tension tests indicated in rounded to a radius not over 1⁄16 in. (1.6 mm) for plates,
Fig. 2 and shall be bent through an angle of 180° to the bend 2 in. (50 mm) and under in thickness, and not over 1⁄8 in.
diameters provided for in either Specification A 6/A 6M or (3.1 mm) for plates over 2 in. (50 mm) in thickness.
Specification A 20/A 20M (Appendix X4, or equivalent),
as applicable. At least two of the three tests shall show
not more than 50% separation on both edges of the bent 10. Product Analysis
portion. Greater separation shall be cause for rejection.
10.1 Product analysis may be required for the cladding
7.3 Methods and practices relating to mechanical test- alloy on finished product. Chemical analysis may be
ing required by this specification shall be in accordance accomplished by wet chemical or instrumental procedures.
with Test Methods and Definitions A 370. If wet chemical procedures are used, millings may be taken

427
Copyright ASME International
Provided by IHS under license with ASME
No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale
 SA-265 2007 SECTION II, PART A

only when the composite plate thickness is sufficient to 12. Workmanship Finish, and Appearance
permit obtaining millings without danger of contamination 12.1 The material shall be free of injurious defects and
from the adjacent layer. If spectrometric procedures are shall have a workmanlike appearance.
used, the sample shall be exposed on the center line of
the cladding when there is sufficient cladding thickness 12.2 Unless otherwise specified, the clad surface may
available so that there is no contamination from the adja- be supplied as-rolled, blasted (descaled by means of sand,
cent base metal. grit, shot or wire followed by pickling), or 100% condi-
tioned.
10.2 If product analysis is specified by the purchaser
for the cladding alloy, it shall be made on a sample taken
from the finished product or a broken test specimen. For
wet chemical analysis, in order to avoid contamination by 13. Bond Quality
the base plate metal, millings of cladding samples shall be 13.1 The cladding metal shall be integrally and continu-
taken from the test coupon by removal and discard of all ously bonded to the base metal.
the base metal plus 40% of the cladding thickness from
13.2 Inspection
the bonded side, not to exceed 1⁄16 in. (1.6 mm). The material
shall be cleaned and sufficient millings taken to represent 13.2.1 Clad plates less than 3⁄8 in. (10 mm) total
the full cross-section of the remainder. If there is insuffi- minimum composite thickness shall be visually inspected
for bond integrity prior to shipment.
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

cient cladding thickness available to spectrographically

expose on the center line of the cladding without contami- 13.2.2 Clad plates 3⁄8 in. (10 mm) and thicker total
nation, 50% of the cladding shall be removed and the minimum composite thickness shall be ultrasonically
sample exposed on this surface. inspected for bond integrity prior to shipment in accordance
10.3 The results of the product analysis shall conform with the procedures and methods of Specification
to the requirements of standards referenced in Section 2. A 578/A 578M.
10.4 Methods and practices relating to chemical analy- 13.2.3 Areas of non-bond detected visually shall be
sis required by this specification shall be in accordance explored ultrasonically to determine the extent of the condi-
with Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology A 751. tion per 13.2.2. For purposes of defining non-bond, the
cladding shall be interpreted to be unbonded when there
10.5 Results of the product analysis for the backing
is complete loss of back reflection accompanied by an echo
steel when required shall conform to the requirements of
indication from the plane of the interface of the clad and
Section 7 of Specification A 20/A 20M or A 6/A 6M, as
backing steel. Areas within 1 in. (25 mm) of a cut edge
applicable.
on the plate that contain indications exceeding 50% of the
back reflection at the bond interface shall be considered
11. Permissible Variations to be unbonded.
11.1 Permissible variations except for thickness shall 13.2.4 Extent of ultrasonic examination shall be at
be in accordance with Specification A 20 / A 20M or the discretion of the manufacturer and sufficient enough
A 6/A 6M as applicable based on the backing specification. to provide the quality level required by the purchaser.
11.2 Minimum thickness of the alloy cladding metal Plates may be ordered with 100% coverage (see S1).
and of the backing steel, or of the total composite plate
13.3 Quality Levels
shall be as required by purchase order documents when
ordered to minimum thickness. 13.3.1 Class 1 — No single unbonded area exceeding
1 in. (25 mm) in its longest dimension with total unbonded
11.3 Permissible variation in thickness when ordered
area not to exceed 1% of the total cladded surface area.
to nominal thicknesses shall be 0.01 in. (0.3 mm) under
each for backing steel or total composite, and 0.03 in. 13.3.2 Class 3 — No single unbonded area exceeding
(0.8 mm) under for the alloy cladding. 3 in. (75 mm) in its longest dimension with total unbonded
area not to exceed 3% of the total cladded surface area.
11.4 Permissible variations for excess thickness of the
total composite shall be the greater of 0.125 in. (3 mm) 13.3.3 Class 5 — No single unbonded area exceeding
or 10% of the total composite thickness ordered and may 9 in.2 (58 cm2) with total unbonded area not to exceed 5%
occur in either backing steel, cladding, or both, provided of the total cladded surface area.
the minimum for each is met. 13.3.4 The Class to be supplied shall be listed on
11.5 More restrictive or less restrictive permissible the purchase order. When none has been specified, plates
variations may be agreed upon by the purchaser and the shall be furnished as Class 5 at the option of the manufac-
manufacturer. turer.

428
Copyright ASME International
Provided by IHS under license with ASME
No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale
 2007 SECTION II, PART A SA-265

14. Repair of Cladding by Welding 16.2 The results of the tests in Section 7 and any other
14.1 The material manufacturer may repair defects in tests required by the purchase order shall be reported to
cladding by welding provided the following requirements the purchaser.
are met:
16.3 Compliance with the clad quality level of 13.3
14.1.1 When specified in the purchase order, prior shall be certified. Reports shall include the results of ultra-
approval shall be obtained from the purchaser. sonic inspection when Supplementary Requirement S12 is
14.1.2 The welding procedure and the welders or specified.
welding operators shall be qualified in accordance with
Section IX of the ASME Code.
14.1.3 The defective area shall be removed and the 17. Product Marking
area prepared for repair shall be examined by a liquid
penetrant method to ensure all defective area has been 17.1 Except as specified in 17.2, plates shall be marked
removed. Method of test and acceptance standard shall be in accordance with the requirements of Specification
as agreed upon between the purchaser and the manufac- A 6/A 6M or A 20/A 20M for the backing steel as applica-
turer. ble, the cladding alloy designation, and this specification
number.
14.1.4 The repair weld shall be deposited in accor-
dance with a welding procedure and welding materials 17.2 For double-clad material or for material under
suitable for the cladding material. The surface condition 3
⁄8in. (6.35 mm) nominal in thickness or for clad plates
of the repaired area shall be restored to a condition similar provided with conditioned surfaces, the marking specified
to the rest of the cladding. in 17.1 shall be legibly stenciled instead of stamped when
14.1.5 The repaired area shall be examined by a the material is shipped with the alloy surface up.
liquid penetrant method in accordance with 14.1.3.
14.1.6 The location and extent of the weld repairs
together with the repair procedure and examination results 18. Keywords
shall be transmitted as a part of the certification.
18.1 alloy cladding; bond strength; carbon steel; clad
steel plate; low-alloy steel; nickel; nickel-base alloy
15. General Requirements for Delivery
15.1 Material furnished under this specification shall
conform to the applicable requirements of the current edi-
tion of Specification A 6/A 6M or A 20/A20M as appro- TABLE 1
priate for the backing metal. WEIGHTS FOR COMPONENT MATERIALS

15.2 In the event of conflicts between this specification Density Weight per Square
Foot for Material
and the general delivery requirement specification for the 1 in. (25.4 mm) in
backing steel, this specification shall apply. lb/in.3 g/cm3 Thickness, lb

Steel 0.283 7.83 40.80

16. Certification Nickel 0.321 8.88 46.22
Nickel-copper alloy 0.319 8.83 45.94
16.1 The chemical analysis of the base metal and the
Nickel-chromium-iron 0.307 8.49 44.21
alloy cladding shall be certified to the purchaser by the alloy
clad plate manufacturer.

429
Copyright ASME International
Provided by IHS under license with ASME
No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale
 SA-265 2007 SECTION II, PART A

FIG. 1 TEST SPECIMEN AND METHOD OF MAKING FIG. 2 STANDARD RECTANGULAR TEST SPECIMENS
SHEAR TEST OF CLAD PLATE WITH 8 IN. GAGE LENGTH

FIG. 3 STANDARD ROUND TENSION TEST SPECIMEN WITH 2 IN. GAGE LENGTH

430
Copyright ASME International
Provided by IHS under license with ASME
No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale
 2007 SECTION II, PART A SA-265

SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS

Supplementary requirements shall not apply unless specified on the order. A list of standard-
ized supplementary requirements for use at the option of the purchaser are included in
Specification A 20/A 20M. Several of those considered suitable for use with this specifica-
tion are listed below by title. Other tests may be performed by agreement between the
supplier and the purchaser.

S2. Product Analysis S5. Charpy V-Notch Impact Test

S3. Simulated Post-Weld Heat Treatment of S12. Ultrasonic Examination in Accordance With
Mechanical Test Coupons Specification A 578/A 578M S1

431
Copyright ASME International
Provided by IHS under license with ASME
No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale
 SA-265 2007 SECTION II, PART A

SUMMARY OF CHANGES

The Committee has identified the location of selected strip clad products have been deleted as not appropriate to
changes to this specification since the last issue, which be included with plate products. An improved method of
may impact the use of this specification. describing quality levels for bond integrity are introduced.
(1) A general revision was made, including revisions More descriptive treatment of permitted variations in clad
to the title and scope. and backing thickness as well as a general rewording of
(2) References and tolerances pertaining to sheet and the specification throughout.

432
Copyright ASME International
Provided by IHS under license with ASME
No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale