Slab Design

1. Size of Slab = 4.23m × 4.02m

Ly= 4.23m
Lx= 4.02m
2. Type of slab
Ly 4.2 3
= = 1.05 < 2
Lx 4. 02
∴ Two way slab

3. Calculation of (d)eff
Let % of steel = 0.35%
(From clause 23.2.1 of IS 456-2000)
L
≤ αβγδλ
d
Where,
α = 26 for Continuous slab
β = 1.0 for L less than 10m
γ = 1.27 for 0.35% of steel
δ = 1 for 0% of compression steel
λ = 1 for slab
here,
1
ϕ>
αβγδλ
4.02
>
26 ×1 ×1.27 ×1 ×1
> 0.122m
> 122mm
Using 10mm ϕ bar and 15mm clear cover then,
∴ Overall depth (D) = 122 + (10/2) +15

= 142mm
∴ Adopt D = 150mm

(d)eff = 150 – (10/2) – 15

= 130mm
4. Calculation of effective length,
A) Whichever is minimum
1
i) Clear span + 2 × × width of support
2
1
= Lx + 2 × × 0.55
2
= 4.02 + 0.55
= 4.57m
ii) Clear span + effective depth
= 4.02 + 0.130
= 4.15m
So, Leff = 4.15m
Hence, Lx = 4.15m
& Ly = 4.23 + 0.13
= 4.36m
5. Calculation of design load (Wu)
I) Self weight = b × D × γc
= 1 × 0.150 × 25
= 3.75 KN/m
II) Floor finish = 1 × b = 1 × 1
= 1 KN/m
III) Live load = 3 × b = 3 × 1
= 3 KN/m

∴ Total load = 3.75 +1 + 3

= 7.75 KN/m
∴ Factored load (Wu) = 1.5 × 7.75
= 11.625 KN/m
6. Design moment and shear
Condition; One Interior Pannels
From (Table-26 of IS 456-2000)
For,
Ly 4.3 6
=
Lx 4.15
= 1.05
By interpolating,

a) α +¿=0.0
x
26 ¿

b) α −¿=0.0
x
35¿

c) α +¿=0.02
y
4¿

d) α −¿=0.032
y
¿

Now,
Design Moments
2
+ ¿+Wu∗ Lx ¿

I) M +¿=α
x
x ¿

= 0.026 × 11.625 × (4.15)²

= 5.21 KN.m
= 5.21 × 106 N.mm
2
−¿∗Wu∗L x ¿

II) M −¿=α
x
x ¿

= 0.035 × 11.625 × (4.15)²

= 7.01 KN.m
= 7.01 × 106 N.mm
2
+ ¿∗Wu∗L ⅇx ¿

III) M +¿=α
y
y ¿

= 0.024 × 11.625 × (4.15)²

= 4.81 KN.m
= 4.81 × 106 N.mm
 2
−¿∗Wu∗L ⅇx ¿

IV) M −¿=α
y
y ¿

= 0.032 × 11.625 × (4.15)²

= 6.41 KN.m
= 6.41 × 106 N.mm

Now,
7. Checking for (dreq)
Take,
Fck = 25 N/mm²
Fy = 500 N/mm²
So, For balance condition,
Mmax = Rbd²
xu x
Where, R = 0.36 × fck × × (1-0.42 * u )
d d
= 0.36 × 25 × 0.48 (1-0.42×0.48)
= 3.45
So,

dreq =
√ Mmax
Rb √
= 7.01 ×106
3.45 × 1000
= 45.1mm < d (provided)
Hence (OK)
8. Design of Main Reinforcement
I) Along shorter span (X-direction)
a) Middle strip,
3
Width = ×ly
4
3
= × 4.36
4
= 3.27m
Now,
fy × Ast
Mu = 0.87 × fy × Ast × (d - )
fck × b
500 × Ast
7.01× 106 = 0.87 × 500 × Ast (130 - 25× 1000 )

On solving,
Ast = 126.42 mm²
Here,
Using 10mm ϕ bar

∴ A ϕ=
π × 10²
4
= 78.54 mm²

∴ Spacing =
1000× 78.54
126.42
= 621.3 mm
≈ 600 mm
Checking for spacing
I) 3d = 3 × 130 = 390mm
II) 300mm
III) OR 600mm, whichever is smaller

∴ Spacing = 300mm
SO,
1000× 78.54
(Ast)provided =
300
= 261.8 mm²
Checking for Ast
Here,
(Ast)min = 0.12% of bD
= 0.12% × 1000 × 150
 = 180 mm² < (Ast)provided
Hence (OK)
So, provide 10mm ϕ bar @ 300mm c/c in the middle strip of width 3.27m.

II) Along longer span (Y-direction)

a) Middle strip

∴ Width =
3
4
× Lx

3
= × 4.15
4
= 3.11m
10 10
And, d = 130 - -
2 2
= 120mm
Now,
fy × Ast
Mmax = 0.87 × fy × Ast (d - )
fck × b
500 × Ast
7.01 × 106 = 0.87 × 500 × Ast × (120 - )
1000× 25
On solving,
Ast = 137.44 mm²
Using 10mm ϕ bars

∴ Spacing =
1000× 78.53
137.44
= 571.45mm ≈ 550mm
Checking for spacing,
i) 5d = 5 × 120 = 600mm
ii) 450mm
iii) OR, 550mm
Adopt, Spacing= 450mm
 ∴ (Ast)provided =
1000× 78.54
4 50
= 174.53 mm² < (Ast)min
So, provide minimum Ast i.e, (Ast)provided = 180mm²
Hence, (OK)
So, provide 10mm ϕ bars @ 450mm c/c at mid strip in longer span of width of 3.11m.
9. Reinforcement in edge strip,
It should be equal to (Ast)min
Where,
(Ast)provided = 180mm²
Providing 10mm ϕ bars at edge
1000× 78.54
Then, Spacing =
180
= 436.33
So,
Provide 10mm ϕ bars @ 400mm c/c in all 4 edge strip in both the direction.
10. Torsional Reinforcement,
(Ast) in each 4 layers
3
= × ( Ast ) max of mid span either X or Y direction
4
3
= × ( Ast ) x
4
3
= ×261.8
4
= 196.35 mm²
And,
Torsion Reinforcement distance may be,
Lx 4.15
i) = = 0.83m
5 5
 Ly 4.3 6
ii) = = 0.872m
5 5
Using 10mm ϕ bars

∴ Spacing =
1000× 78.54
1 96.35
= 400mm
Provide 10mm ϕ bars @ 350mm c/c.
11. Checking for deflection,
100× Ast 100× 261.8
Pt = = = 0.201%
bd 1000× 130
( Ast ) req
fs = 0.58 × fy ×
( Ast ) provided
126.42
= 0.58 × 500 ×
261.8
= 140.04 N/mm²
Refer figure-4 of (IS 456-2000)
We get,
Kt = 2
Then,
L
= 20 × Kt = 20 × 2
( d ) max
= 40
And,
¿ Lx 4.15
( d ) provided = 0.130 = 0.130
L
= 31.9 <
( d ) max
Hence, (OK)