Delhi Board of School Education

Draft Syllabus – Class 12

Academic Year 2024-25
Term 1 & 2

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 Contents
Syllabus for English ...................................................................................................................... 5
Term 1 ................................................................................................................................................. 5
Reading ........................................................................................................................................... 5
Literature ........................................................................................................................................ 5
Flamingo (Prose):............................................................................................................................. 5
Flamingo (Poetry): ........................................................................................................................... 6
Vistas (Prose): .................................................................................................................................. 6
Writing skills .................................................................................................................................... 6
Term 2 ................................................................................................................................................. 7
Reading ........................................................................................................................................... 7
Reading Comprehensions ............................................................................................................... 7
Literature ........................................................................................................................................ 7
Flamingo (Prose): ............................................................................................................................ 7
Hornbill: Poetry ............................................................................................................................... 7
Vistas (Prose):.................................................................................................................................. 8
Writing skills .................................................................................................................................... 8
Syllabus for Mathematics ............................................................................................................. 9
Term 1 ................................................................................................................................................. 9
Unit 1: Relations and Functions ...................................................................................................... 9
Unit 2: Inverse Trigonometric Functions ........................................................................................ 9
Unit 3: Differentiation ..................................................................................................................... 9
Unit 4: Application of Differentiation ........................................................................................... 10
Internal assessment ...................................................................................................................... 11
Term 2 ............................................................................................................................................... 12
Unit 6: Application of Integration ................................................................................................. 12
Unit 7: Differential Equations ....................................................................................................... 12
Unit 8: Vectors .............................................................................................................................. 12
Unit 9: Three – Dimensional Geometry ........................................................................................ 12
Unit 10: Matrices & Determinants ................................................................................................ 13
Internal assessment ...................................................................................................................... 13
Syllabus for Physics .................................................................................................................... 14
Term 1 ............................................................................................................................................... 14
Unit 1: Electrostatics ..................................................................................................................... 14
Unit 2: Current Electricity ............................................................................................................. 14

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 Unit 3: Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism .................................................................... 14
Unit 4: Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Currents ....................................................... 15
Unit 5: Electromagnetic Waves ..................................................................................................... 15
TERM-2 .............................................................................................................................................. 15
Unit 6: Optics ................................................................................................................................ 15
Unit 7: Dual Nature of Matter and Radiation ............................................................................... 15
Unit 8: Atoms and Nuclei .............................................................................................................. 15
Unit 9: Electronic Devices ............................................................................................................. 16
Syllabus for Chemistry................................................................................................................ 17
Term 1 ............................................................................................................................................... 17
Unit 1: Solutions ............................................................................................................................ 17
Unit 2: Electrochemistry ............................................................................................................... 17
Unit 3: Chemical Kinetics .............................................................................................................. 17
Unit 4: d- and f -Block Elements.................................................................................................... 17
Unit 5: Coordination Compounds ................................................................................................. 18
Unit 6: Haloalkanes and Haloarenes ............................................................................................. 18
Term-2 ............................................................................................................................................... 18
Unit 7: Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers ............................................................................................ 18
Unit 8: Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids ......................................................................... 18
Unit 9: Amines............................................................................................................................... 18
Unit 10: Biomolecules ................................................................................................................... 19
Evaluation Scheme for Practical Examination (Term-1 & 2) .......................................................... 20
Syllabus for Biology .................................................................................................................... 21
Term 1 ............................................................................................................................................... 21
Chapter-1: Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants ................................................................... 21
Chapter-2: Human Reproduction.................................................................................................. 21
Chapter-3: Reproductive Health ................................................................................................... 21
Chapter-4: Principles of Inheritance and Variation ...................................................................... 21
Chapter-5: Molecular Basis of Inheritance ................................................................................... 21
Chapter-6: Evolution ..................................................................................................................... 22
Chapter-7: Human Health and Diseases ....................................................................................... 22
TERM 2 .............................................................................................................................................. 22
Chapter-8: Microbes in Human Welfare ....................................................................................... 22
Chapter-9: Biotechnology - Principles and Processes ................................................................... 22
Chapter-10: Biotechnology and its Applications........................................................................... 22
Chapter-11: Organisms and Populations ...................................................................................... 22

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 Chapter-12: Ecosystem ................................................................................................................. 23
Chapter-13: Biodiversity and its Conservation ............................................................................. 23
Syllabus for Physical Education ................................................................................................... 25
Term 1 ............................................................................................................................................... 25
Syllabus for Computer Science ................................................................................................... 27
Term 1 ............................................................................................................................................... 27
Term 2 ............................................................................................................................................... 27

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 Syllabus for English
Term 1

Reading
A. Reading Comprehensions

• One unseen passage to assess comprehension, interpretation, analysis, inference

and vocabulary. The passage may be factual, descriptive or literary.
• One unseen case-based factual passage with verbal/visual inputs like statistical
data, charts etc.to assess comprehension, interpretation, analysis, inference and
evaluation.
• One poem to assess comprehension, interpretation, analysis (literary and
figurative), inference and vocabulary.

Multiple Choice Questions / Objective Type Questions will be asked.

Criteria to be Assessed: A
Competencies: Conceptual understanding, decoding, analysing, inferring,
interpreting, appreciating, literary, conventions and vocabulary, summarising and
using appropriate format/s.

Literature
This section would assess the learners’ understanding of the text, language used, setting, style,
structure, character, plot, various perspectives, themes explored through the text and the
element of intertextuality within the texts.

Flamingo (Prose):
• Last Lesson

Major themes: Culture and language, patriotism and resistance, education and knowledge
and community and solidarity.

• The Lost Spring

Major themes: Perpetual state of poverty, loss of childhood and innocence, migration,
exploitation, child labour, failed bureaucracy.

• Indigo

Major themes: Effective leadership, freedom struggle, empowerment of the poor, conflict
between laws and justice.
B.
Criteria to be Assessed: A, B, C and D

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 Competencies: Recalling, reasoning, appreciating literary convention, inference, analysis,
creativity with fluency, critical thinking.

Flamingo (Poetry):
• My Mother at 66

Major themes: Ageing and death, loss of loved ones.

• Keeping Quiet

Major themes: Sustaining peace and silence, mindfulness, Stillness v/s inactivity.

Criteria to be Assessed: A, B, C and D

Competencies: Recalling, reasoning, appreciating literary convention, inference, analysis,
creativity with fluency, critical thinking.

Vistas (Prose):
• The Third Level

Major themes: Time travel , existential crisis, escapism (from the modern world and its
insecurities).

• The Tiger King

Major themes: Sarcasm, humour, transience of power and life, satire on conduct of people
in power

Criteria to be Assessed: A, B, C and D

Competencies: Recalling, reasoning, appreciating literary convention, inference, analysis,
creativity with fluency, critical thinking.

Writing skills
• Notice
• Article
• Report

Criteria to be Assessed: B, C and D

Competencies: Conceptual Understanding, application of rules, analysis, Reasoning,

appropriacy of style and tone, using appropriate format and fluency, inference, analysis,
evaluation and creativity.

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Term 2

Reading
Reading Comprehensions

• One unseen passage to assess comprehension, interpretation, analysis, inference

and vocabulary. The passage may be factual, descriptive or literary.
• One unseen case-based factual passage with verbal/visual inputs like statistical
data, charts etc.to assess comprehension, interpretation, analysis, inference and
evaluation.
• One poem to assess comprehension, interpretation, analysis (literary and
figurative), inference and vocabulary.

Multiple Choice Questions / Objective Type Questions will be asked.

Criteria to be Assessed: A

Competencies: Conceptual understanding, decoding, analysing, inferring,

interpreting, appreciating, literary, conventions and vocabulary, summarising and
using appropriate format/s.

Literature
This section would assess the learners’ understanding of the text, language used, setting, style,
structure, character, plot, various perspectives, themes explored through the text and the
element of intertextuality within the texts.

Flamingo (Prose):
• Deep Water
Major themes: Effect of childhood fear and trauma on adult life experiences, overcoming
fear
• The Rattrap
Major themes: Human greed, human life a rat race, kindness leading to change of heart and
transformation, human loneliness and the need to bond with others.
• Going Places
Major themes: Teenage fantasies, idea of self, hero worship.

Criteria to be Assessed: A, B, C and D

Competencies: Recalling, reasoning, appreciating literary convention, inference, analysis,
creativity with fluency, critical thinking.

Hornbill: Poetry
• A Roadside Stand

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 Major themes: Contrast between the rich and the poor, indifference of the privileged ones,
socio-economic disparity

• Aunt Jennifer’s Tigers

Major themes: Patriarchy, objectification of women, women’s desire of freedom, art as a

means of expression, escapism through art. Criteria to be Assessed: A, B, C and D

Competencies: Recalling, reasoning, appreciating literary convention, inference, analysis,

creativity with fluency, critical thinking.

Vistas (Prose):
• On the Face of It

Major themes: Human love and kindness, discrimination of the differently abled, inclusion,
loneliness and agony experienced by differently abled.

• Memories of Childhood

a) The Cutting of My Long Hair

b) We Too are Human Beings

Major themes: Women's oppression, class barriers, racialism, discrimination and

exploitation

Criteria to be Assessed: A, B, C and D

Competencies: Recalling, reasoning, appreciating literary convention, inference, analysis,
creativity with fluency, critical thinking.

Writing skills
• Letter – Formal – Letters to the editor (giving suggestions or opinion on issues of public
interest) – Job Application
• Formal/Informal Invitation and Reply

Criteria to be Assessed: B, C and D

Competencies: Conceptual Understanding, application of rules, analysis, Reasoning,
appropriacy of style and tone, using appropriate format and fluency, inference, analysis,
evaluation and creativity.

Multiple Choice Questions / Objective Type Questions will be asked.

Competencies: Conceptual Understanding, application of rules, analysis, Reasoning, appropriacy

of style and tone, using appropriate format and fluency, inference, analysis, evaluation and
creativity.

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 Syllabus for Mathematics
Term 1

Unit 1: Relations and Functions

Ordered pairs. Cartesian product of sets. Number of elements Definition of Relation, domain, co-
domain, and range of a relation.

Types of relations: reflexive, symmetric, transitive and equivalence relations. Definition of Function,
domain, co-domain, and range of a function.

Real valued functions, domain, and range of following functions with graphs:

• Constant

• Identity

• Polynomial

• Rational

• Modulus

• Signum

• Exponential

• Logarithmic

• Greatest Integer Functions

Sum, difference, product, and quotients of functions.

One to one and onto functions, composite functions, inverse of a function.

Unit 2: Inverse Trigonometric Functions

• Definition, range, domain, principal value branch.

• Graphs of inverse trigonometric functions.

• Elementary properties of inverse trigonometric functions.

Unit 3: Differentiation
• Intuitive idea of limit.

• Limits of polynomials and rational functions trigonometric, exponential, and logarithmic

functions.

• Derivative introduced as rate of change both as that of distance function and geometrically.

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• Definition of derivative relate it to scope of tangent of the curve.

• Derivative of sum, difference, product, and quotient of functions.

• Derivatives of polynomial and trigonometric functions: Proofs using 1st Principle (Simple Cases)

• Derivative of composite functions, chain rule.

• Derivatives of inverse trigonometric functions

• Derivative of implicit functions.

• Concept of exponential and logarithmic functions. Derivatives of logarithmic and exponential

functions.

• Logarithmic differentiation.

• Derivative of functions expressed in parametric forms.

• Second order derivatives.

Unit 4: Application of Differentiation

• Rate Of Change of Bodies

• Increasing/Decreasing Functions

• Tangents And Normals

• Maxima And Minima (First Derivative Test Motivated Geometrically and Second Derivative Test
Given as A Provable Tool).

• Simple Problems (That Illustrate Basic Principles and Understanding Of The Subject As Well As
Real-Life Situations).

Unit 5: Integration

• Integration as inverse process of differentiation.

• Integration of a variety of functions by substitution, by partial fractions and by parts.

• Evaluation of simple integrals of the following types and problems based on them.

∫ 𝑥𝟐𝟐 ± 𝑎𝟐𝟐

𝑑𝑥 , ∫ 1

�𝑥𝟐𝟐 ± 𝑎𝟐𝟐

𝑑𝑥 , ∫ 1

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 �𝑎𝟐𝟐 − 𝑥𝟐𝟐

𝑑𝑥 , ∫ √𝑥𝟐𝟐 − 𝑎𝟐𝟐 𝑑𝑥 , ∫ �𝑎𝟐𝟐 ± 𝑥𝟐𝟐 𝑑𝑥

∫ 𝑎𝑥𝟐𝟐 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐

𝑑𝑥 , ∫ 1

�𝑎𝑥𝟐𝟐 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐

𝑑𝑥 , ∫ √𝑎𝑥𝟐𝟐 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 𝑑𝑥

𝑝𝑥 + 𝒒𝒒

∫ 𝑎𝑥𝟐𝟐 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐

𝑑𝑥 , ∫ 𝑝𝑥 + 𝒒𝒒

�𝑎𝑥𝟐𝟐 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐

𝑑𝑥 , ∫(𝑝𝑥 + 𝒒𝒒) √𝑎𝑥𝟐𝟐 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 𝑑𝑥

• Basic properties of definite integrals and evaluation of definite integrals.

Internal assessment
1. Mathematical activities published by NCERT aligned with term 1 units or activities devised by the
teacher can be considered for internal assessment.

2. At-least two internal non-pen and paper-based assessment are to be conducted by the subject
teachers.

3. Internal assessments should be reported to DBSE as score obtained in different criteria adopted
by DBSE on or before the dates mentioned in assessment calendar issued by the board.

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Term 2

Unit 6: Application of Integration

• Applications in finding the area under simple curves, especially lines, circles/ parabolas/ellipses
(in standard form only)

• Area between any of the two above said curves (the region should be clearly identifiable).

Unit 7: Differential Equations

• Definition, order and degree, general and particular solutions of a differential equation.

• Formation of differential equation whose general solution is given.

• Solution of differential equations by following methods:

• separation of variables

• solutions of homogeneous differential equations of first order and first degree.

• Solutions of linear differential equation of the type:

dy dx
+ Py = QQ + Rx = S
dx dx

Unit 8: Vectors
• Vectors and scalars, magnitude, and direction of a vector. Direction cosines and direction ratios
of a vector.

• Types of vectors (equal, unit, zero, parallel and collinear vectors)

• Position vector of a point, negative of a vector, components of a vector

• Addition of vectors, multiplication of a vector by a scalar

• Position vector of a point dividing a line segment in a given ratio.

• Definition, Geometrical Interpretation, properties, and application of:

• Scalar (Dot) Product of Vectors

• Vector (Cross) Product of Vectors

Unit 9: Three – Dimensional Geometry

• Coordinate axes and coordinate planes in three dimensions.

• Coordinates of a point. Distance between two points and section formula. Direction cosines and
direction ratios of a line joining two points.

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• Cartesian equation and vector equation of a line.

• Coplanar and skew lines, shortest distance between two lines.

• Cartesian and vector equation of a plane.

• Angle between (i)two lines, (ii)two planes, (iii) a line and a plane.

• Distance of a point from a plane.

Unit 10: Matrices & Determinants

• Concept, notation, order, equality, types of matrices, zero and identity matrix, transpose of a
matrix,

• symmetric and skew symmetric matrices.

• Operation on matrices: Addition and multiplication and multiplication with a scalar.

• Simple properties of addition, multiplication, and scalar multiplication.

• Non- commutativity of multiplication of matrices and existence of non-zero matrices whose

product

• is the zero matrix (restrict to square matrices of order 2).

• Invertible matrices and proof of the uniqueness of inverse if it exists.

• Determinant of a square matrix (up to 3 x 3 matrices).

• Minors, Cofactors, and applications of determinants in finding the area of a triangle.

• Properties of determinants

• Adjoint and inverse of a square matrix.

• Consistency, inconsistency, and number of solutions of system of linear equations by examples,

solving system of linear equations in two or three variables (having unique solution) using
inverse of a matrix.

Internal assessment
1. Mathematical activities published by NCERT aligned with term 1 units or activities devised by the
teacher can be considered for internal assessment.

2. At-least two internal non-pen and paper-based assessment are to be conducted by the subject
teachers.

3. Internal assessments should be reported to DBSE as score obtained in different criteria adopted
by DBSE on or before the dates mentioned in assessment calendar issued by the board.

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 Syllabus for Physics
Term 1

Unit 1: Electrostatics
Electric charges: Conservation of charge. Coulomb's law forces between two point charges, forces
between multiple charges: superposition principle and continuous charge distribution. Electric field:
Electric field due to a point charge, Electric field lines. Electric dipole, Electric field due to a dipole.
Torque on a dipole in a uniform electric field.

Electric flux. Gauss's law and its applications to find field due to infinitely long uniformly charged
straight wire uniformly charged infinite plane sheet, and uniformly charged thin spherical shell.
Electric potential and its calculation for a point charge, electric dipole and system of charges; potential
difference, Equipotential surfaces, Electrical potential energy of a system of two point charges and of
electric dipole in an electrostatic field.

Conductors and insulators. Dielectrics and electric polarisation, capacitors and capacitances, the
combination of capacitors in series and parallel, and capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor with and
without dielectric medium between the plates. Energy stored in a capacitor.

Unit 2: Current Electricity

Electric current. Drift velocity, mobility, and their relation with electric current. Ohm's law.

Electrical resistance. V-l characteristics of Ohmic and non-ohmic conductors. Electrical energy and
power. Electrical resistivity and conductivity. Series and parallel combinations of resistors;
Temperature dependence of resistance. Internal resistance, potential difference, and emf of a cell, a
combination of cells in series and parallel. Kirchhoff’s laws and their applications. Wheatstone bridge.
Metre

Bridge.

Unit 3: Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism

Biot - Savart law and its application to the current carrying circular loop. Ampere's law and its
applications to infinitely long current carrying straight wire and solenoid. Force on a moving charge in
uniform magnetic and electric fields.

Force on a current-carrying conductor in a uniform magnetic field. The force between two parallel
currents carrying conductors-definition of ampere. Torque experienced by a current loop in a uniform
magnetic field: Moving coil galvanometer, its sensitivity, and conversion to ammeter and voltmeter.
Current loop as a magnetic dipole and its magnetic dipole moment.

Bar magnet as an equivalent solenoid, magnetic field lines; Magnetic field due to a magnetic dipole
(bar magnet) along its axis and perpendicular to its axis. Torque on a magnetic dipole in a uniform
magnetic field.

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Para-, dia- and ferromagnetic substances with examples, the effect of temperature on magnetic
properties.

Unit 4: Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Currents

Electromagnetic induction: Faraday's law. Induced emf and current: Lenz’s Law, Eddy currents. Self
and mutual inductance. Alternating currents, peak and RMS value of alternating current/ voltage:
reactance and impedance: LCR series circuit, resonance: power in AC circuits, wattless current. AC
generator and transformer.

Unit 5: Electromagnetic Waves

Displacement current. Electromagnetic waves and their characteristics, Transverse nature of
electromagnetic waves, Electromagnetic spectrum (radio waves, microwaves, infrared,
visible,ultraviolet. X-rays. Gamma rays), Applications of e.m.waves.

TERM-2

Unit 6: Optics
Reflection of light, spherical mirrors, mirror formula. Refraction of light at plane and spherical surfaces,
thin lens formula, and lens maker formula. Total internal reflection and its applications. Magnification.
Power of a Lens. Combination of thin lenses in contact. Refraction of light through a prism. Microscope
and Astronomical Telescope (reflecting and refracting ) and their magnifying powers.

Wave optics: wavefront and Huygens' principle. Laws of reflection and refraction using Huygens
principle. Interference, Young's double-slit experiment, and expression for fringe width, coherent
sources, and sustained interference of light. Diffraction due to a single slit,width of central maximum.
Polarisation, plane-polarised light: Brewster's law, uses of plane-polarised light and Polaroid.

Unit 7: Dual Nature of Matter and Radiation

Dual nature of radiation. Photoelectric effect. Hertz and Lenard's observations; Einstein's
photoelectric equation: particle nature of light. Matter waves-wave nature of particles, de Broglie
relation.

Unit 8: Atoms and Nuclei

Alpha-particle scattering experiment; Rutherford's model of atom; Bohr model, energy
levels, hydrogen spectrum. Composition and size of nucleus, atomic masses, Mass-energy
relation, mass defect; binding energy per nucleon and its variation with mass number,
nuclear fission, and fusion.

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Unit 9: Electronic Devices
Semiconductors; semiconductor diode: I-V characteristics in forward and reverse bias;
diode as a rectifier; I-V characteristics of LED. the photodiode, solar cell, and Zener
diode; Zener diode as a voltage regulator. Logic gates (OR, AND, NOT, NAND and
NOR).

Criteria D: Physics lab-Experimental skills:

Category A: Observation and inference( for Term - 1 and Term -2)

1. Using a multimeter to:

(i) See the unidirectional current in case of a diode and an LED.

(ii) Check whether a given electronic components (e.g diode, resistor etc) are in working order.

2. Identification of diode, LED, resistor and capacitor from a mixed collection of such items.

Category B: Investigation, Observation and Inference

TERM -1
1. To find the resistance of a given wire using Ohm's law.

2. To find the resistivity of the material of a given wire using a metre bridge.

3. To find the resistance and figure of merit of a galvanometer by half deflection method.

4. To verify the laws of combination (series) of resistances using a metre bridge.

5. To verify the laws of combination (Parallel) of resistances using a metre bridge

TERM- 2
6. Determine the focal length of a convex lens by plotting graphs between u and v or between 1/u
and 1/v.

7. Determine the focal length of a convex mirror, using a convex lens.

8. To determine angle of minimum deviation for a given triangular prism by plotting a graph between
angle of incidence and angle of deviation.

9. To draw characteristic curves of a p-n junction diode in forward and reverse bias.

10. To draw the characteristic curve of a Zener diode and find reverse breakdown voltage.

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 Syllabus for Chemistry
Term 1

Unit 1: Solutions
Types of solutions, expression of concentration of solutions of solids in liquids, solubility of gases in
liquids, solid solutions, Henry`s law, Raoult's law, vapour pressure of solution, ideal and non ideal
solution colligative properties - relative lowering of vapour pressure, elevation of boiling point,
depression of freezing point, osmotic pressure, determination of molecular masses using colligative
properties, abnormal molecular mass, van't Hoff factor.

Unit 2: Electrochemistry
Redox reactions, Half cell, EMF of a cell, standard electrode potential, Nernst equation and its
application to chemical cells, Relation between Gibbs energy change and EMF of a cell, conductance
in electrolytic solutions, specific and molar conductivity, variations of conductivity with
concentration, Kohlrausch's Law, electrolysis and law of electrolysis (elementary idea)cells and
battery-dry cell, lead accumulator, fuel cell.

Unit 3: Chemical Kinetics

Rate of a reaction (Average and instantaneous), factors affecting rate of reaction: concentration,
temperature, catalyst and pressure; order and molecularity of a reaction, Elementary and complex
reaction, rate law and specific rate constant, unit of rate constant. Differential rate equation
method, integrated rate equations and half-life (only for zero and first order reactions), concept of
collision theory (elementary idea, no mathematical treatment), activation energy, Arrhenius
equation, effect of temperature on rate of reaction.

Unit 4: d- and f -Block Elements

Transition Elements

General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence and characteristics of transition metals,

general trends in properties of the first row transition metals – metallic character, ionization
enthalpy, oxidation states, ionic radii, colour, catalytic property, magnetic properties, interstitial
compounds, alloy formation, preparation and properties of K2Cr2O7 and KMnO4.

Inner Transition elements

Lanthanoids - Electronic configuration, oxidation states, chemical reactivity and lanthanoid

contraction and its consequences.

Actinoids - Electronic configuration, oxidation states and Actinoids contraction.

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Unit 5: Coordination Compounds
Coordination compounds - Introduction, ligands, coordination number, colour, magnetic properties
and shapes, IUPAC nomenclature of mononuclear coordination compounds. Bonding, Werner's
theory, VBT, and CFT; structural and stereoisomerism, importance of coordination compounds (in
qualitative analysis, extraction of metals and biological system).

Unit 6: Haloalkanes and Haloarenes

Haloalkanes: Nomenclature, nature of C–X bond, physical and chemical properties, optical rotation
mechanism of substitution reactions and its stereochemical aspects.

Haloarenes: Nature of C–X bond, substitution reactions (Directive influence of halogen in

monosubstituted compounds only).

Uses and environmental effects of - dichloromethane, trichloromethane, tetrachloromethane,

iodoform, freons, DDT.

Term-2

Unit 7: Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers

Alcohols: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical propertie, identification of
primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols, mechanism of dehydration.

Phenols: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, acidic nature of
phenol, electrophillic substitution reactions, uses of phenols Reimer Tiemann reaction, Kolbe
reaction.

Ethers: Nomenclature and structure

Unit 8: Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids

Aldehydes and Ketones: Nomenclature, nature of carbonyl group, methods of preparation, physical
and chemical properties, relative reactivity of Aldehydes and Ketones of mechanism of nucleophilic
addition, reactivity of α-hydrogen in aldehydes, uses Wolf kishner , clemmensen reduction , Grignard
reagent, oxidation, reduction , Cannizaro and heloform reaction.

Carboxylic Acids: Nomenclature, acidic nature and factors affecting acidic strength, methods of
preparation, physical and chemical properties; uses.

Unit 9: Amines
Amines: Nomenclature, classification, structure, methods of preparation, physical and chemical
properties, basic character in gaseous and aqueous phase, identification of primary, secondary and
tertiary amines, uses .

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Diazonium salts: Preparation, chemical reactions and importance in synthetic organic chemistry.

Unit 10: Biomolecules

Carbohydrates: Classification (aldoses and ketoses), monosaccharides (glucose and fructose) open
chain and cyclic structure of glucose, D-L configuration oligosaccharides (sucrose, lactose, maltose),
polysaccharides (starch, cellulose, glycogen); Importance of carbohydrates.

Proteins: Elementary idea of - amino acids, peptide bond, polypeptides, proteins, structure of
proteins - primary, secondary, tertiary structure and quaternary structures (qualitative idea only),
denaturation of proteins; enzymes. Hormones - Elementary idea excluding structure.

Vitamins: Classification and functions. Nucleic Acids: DNA and RNA and their chemical constitution.

PRACTICAL SYLLABUS (For Assessment of Criteria-D)

Term-1
A. Chemical Kinetics
(a) Effect of concentration and temperature on the rate of reaction between Sodium
Thiosulphate and Hydrochloric acid.

(b) Study of reaction rates of any one of the following:

(i) Reaction of Iodide ion with Hydrogen Peroxide at room temperature using
different concentration of Iodide ions.

(ii) Reaction between Potassium Iodate, (KIO3) and Sodium Sulphite: (Na2SO3)
using starch solution as indicator (clock reaction).

B. Preparation of Inorganic Compounds

Preparation of any one of the following double salts:

(i) Ferrous Ammonium Sulphate or Potash Alum.

(ii) Potassium Ferric Oxalate.

C. Determination of concentration/ molarity of KMnO4 solution by titrating it

against a standard solution of:
(i) Oxalic acid,

(ii) Ferrous Ammonium Sulphate

(Students will be required to prepare standard solutions by weighing themselves)

D. Qualitative Analysis (Organic)

Detection of - Nitrogen, Sulphur, Chlorine in organic compounds.

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 Term-2

E. Tests for the functional groups present in organic compounds:

Unsaturation, alcoholic, phenolic, aldehydic, ketonic, carboxylic and amino (Primary)
groups.

F. Characteristic tests of carbohydrates, fats and proteins in pure samples and their
detection in given foodstuff.
G. Salt Analysis
Determination of one anion and one cation in a given salt

Anions - CO32- , S2-, NO2-, SO32-, SO42-, NO3 -, Cl-, Br-, I-, PO43-, CH3COO-

Cations - NH4+, Pb2+, Cu2+, As3+, Al3+, Fe3+, Mn2+, Ni2+, Zn2+, Co2+, Ca2+, Sr2+, Ba2+,
Mg2+

(Note: Insoluble salts excluded)

H. Preparation of Organic Compounds

Preparation of any one of the following compounds

(i) Acetanilide
(ii) Dibenzalacetone
(iii) p-Nitroacetanilide
(iv) Aniline yellow or 2-Naphthol Aniline dye.

I. Preparation of Lyophilic and Lyophobic sol (Starch, Gum, FeCl3)

Evaluation Scheme for Practical Examination (Term-1 & 2)
Experiment Level Score Point

Major Experiment: Volumetric Analysis/Salt Analysis 08 12

Content Based Experiment 06 08

Project Work / Practical record 04 05

Viva based on project work / experiments 04 05

Project work evaluation in Term-1, practical record evaluation to be done in Term-2 assessment.

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 Syllabus for Biology
Term 1

Chapter-1: Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Structure of a typical angiosperm flower as a modified shoot, with special emphasis on male and
female reproductive structure, development of male and female gametophyte. Types of pollination-
hydrophily, anemophily, entomophily, ornithophily with atleast one example for each; outbreeding
devices in flowers; pollen-pistil interaction which leads to double fertilization, endosperm, embryo
development in dicots and monocots, development of fruit and seed. and endosperm development;
special modes such as apomixis, parthenocarpy, polyembryony along with their significance.

Chapter-2: Human Reproduction

Structure of Male and female reproductive systems with special reference to anatomy of testis and
ovary and glandular secretions; spermatogenesis in males and oogenesis in females; menstrual cycle;
fertilisation, elementary idea of embryogenesis till blastocyst formation, implantation; pregnancy and
elementary idea of placenta formation, parturition and lactation

Chapter-3: Reproductive Health

What is reproductive health and why there is need to give emphasis on it? Population explosion, birth
control - need and methods, contraception and medical termination of pregnancy (MTP);
amniocentesis; Basic understanding of controlling and prevention of Sexually Transmitted Diseases
(AIDS, gonorrhoea, syphilis, genital herpes, chlamydiasis, genital warts, trichomoniasis, hepatitis-B);
elementary idea of infertility and assisted reproductive technologies.

Chapter-4: Principles of Inheritance and Variation

Mendelian inheritance; deviations from Mendelian rules – incomplete dominance, co-dominance,
multiple alleles and inheritance of blood groups, pleiotropy, polygenic inheritance; Chromosomal
theory of inheritance with basic idea of relation between chromosomes and genes, crossing over and
linkage; sex determining factors in human beings, birds, drosophila and honey bee; Mendelian
disorders - Autosomal disorder with special emphasis on thalassemia, Sex linked disorders with special
emphasis on haemophilia and colour blindness; Chromosomal disorders in humans-elementary idea
with special emphasis on Down's, Turner's and Klinefelter's syndromes.

Chapter-5: Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Historical concept for establishment DNA as genetic material; Structure of DNA and RNA; DNA
packaging; DNA replication; Central dogma; transcription, genetic code, translation; basic idea of RNA

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world; gene expression and regulation in bacteria with special reference of negative regulation- lac
operon; concept of genome-human and rice genome projects; DNA fingerprinting.

Chapter-6: Evolution
Origin of life; biological evolution and evidences for biological evolution (paleontology, comparative
anatomy, embryology and molecular evidences); Darwin's contribution, modern synthetic theory of
evolution; mechanism of evolution - variation (mutation and recombination) and natural selection
with examples, types of natural selection; Gene flow and genetic drift; Hardy - Weinberg's principle;
adaptive radiation; human evolution.

Chapter-7: Human Health and Diseases

Pathogens; parasites causing human diseases (malaria, dengue, chikungunya, filariasis, ascariasis,
typhoid, pneumonia, common cold, amoebiasis, ring worm) and their control; Basic concepts of
immunology -humoral and cellular immunity, active and passive immunity, concept of vaccination;
brief discussion of AIDS and cancer.

TERM 2

Chapter-8: Microbes in Human Welfare

In household food processing, industrial production, sewage treatment, energy generation and
microbes as biocontrol agents and biofertilizers.

Chapter-9: Biotechnology - Principles and Processes

Genetic Engineering (Recombinant DNA Technology).

Chapter-10: Biotechnology and its Applications

Application of biotechnology in health and agriculture: Human insulin and vaccine production, stem
cell technology, gene therapy; genetically modified organisms - Bt crops; transgenic animals; biosafety
issues, biopiracy and patents.

Chapter-11: Organisms and Populations

Organisms and environment: population interactions - mutualism, competition, predation, parasitism;
population attributes - growth, birth rate and death rate, age distribution.

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Chapter-12: Ecosystem
Ecosystems: Patterns, components; productivity and decomposition; energy flow; pyramids of
number, biomass, energy;

Chapter-13: Biodiversity and its Conservation

Concept and importance of Biodiversity. Patterns and loss of biodiversity; endangered organisms,
extinction, Red Data Book; strategies adapted to conserve biodiversity; sacred grooves, wildlife
sanctuaries, national parks, biosphere reserves, biodiversity hotspots and Ramsar sites.

Biology lab
Criteria D:
Category A : Dry Lab Observation and inference

Study of plants for

• Wind pollination (suggested example: maize, Bermuda grass, Pinus)

• Insect pollination (suggested example: Salvia for lever mechanism, Calotropis for translator
mechanism)

Gametogenesis
• study of transverse section of testis

• study of transverse section of ovary

• study of blastula Study of meiosis through permanent slides

Study of evolution by

• study of homologous organs (one example from plant and animal each)

• study of analogous organs (one example from plant and animal each)

Pathogenicity:

• protozoan disease: Malarial Parasite

• fungal disease: ringworm

• Helminth disease: ascariasis

Population interaction:

• symbiotic association in Lichens or coralloid roots of Cycas

• parasitic association in plants (any one such as Cuscuta) and animals (any one such as roundworm,
tapeworm, ticks, lice)/

Category B: Investigation, observation and inference (wet lab and slide preparation)

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1. Pollen germination on slide

2. Pollen germination on stigma (suggested example Sonchus, Portulaca, Tradescantia, Commelina,

Cosmos, Tagetus flower, Petunia, grass, maize, sunflower, or any other locally available plant)

3. Study of mitosis

4. Study and verification of Mendel's law of monohybrid cross

5. DNA isolation from plant material

6. Population density and frequency of plants

7. Analysis of soil and its significance for agriculture

• Water holding capacity of soil

• pH of soil

• texture of soil

• moisture content of soil

8. water analysis and its impact on human health

• living organisms living in water bodies

• pH of water

• turbidity

Internal assessment
Internal assessment can be done on any of given topics:

1. exercise on hardy Weinberg principle

2. Pedigree analysis

• colour blindness
• blood groups
• rolling tongue
• widows peak
• earlobes

3. Artificial hybridization

4. Hydrarch and xerarch succession

5. Biogas production

Atleast two internal non-pen & paper, based assessment are to be conducted by the subject teachers
in each term. Internal assessments should be reported to DBSE as score obtained in different criteria
adopted by DBSE on or before the dates mentioned in assessment calendar issued by the board.

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 Syllabus for Physical Education
Term 1

UNIT 1: Sports Training

Introduction of Sports Training:
● Meaning and Definition of Sports Training

● Aims and Objectives of Sports Training

● Principles of Sports Training

Path of Adaptation in Training:

● Concept of Load, Recovery and Adaptation

● Overload and its Symptoms

● Conditions affecting Adaptation

Bio-Motor Abilities and their developing methods in Sports:

● Speed, its types and developing methods

● Strength, its types and developing methods

● Flexibility, its types and developing methods

● Endurance, its types and developing methods

● Coordinative Abilities, its types and developing methods

Designing of Sports Training Plan:

● General introduction of different phases of Periodization (Preparatory, Competition and
Transition)

● Types of Cycles in different phases (Micro, Meso and Macro)

● Important steps for developing a sports specific training plan

UNIT 2: Kinesiology and Biomechanics

Introduction of Kinesiology and Biomechanics:
● Uses of Biomechanics

● Identify axis and plane in different movements

Conceptual Understanding of Movement in Sports:

● Introduction

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● Application of Newton’s law of motion in physical activities and sports

● Application of friction in different sports conditions

Exploring Centre of Gravity in sports:

● Introduction

● Analyse Conditions for maintaining equilibrium in sports

Structure of Motor Actions:

● Differentiate Cyclic Action, Acyclic Action and Movement Combination (with example related to
sports movements)

● Use of Lever in Physical Activities and Sports

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 Syllabus for Computer Science
Term 1

UNIT 1: Computational Thinking and Programming – 2

● Revision of Python topics covered in Class XI.

● Functions: types of function (built-in functions, functions defined in module, user defined
functions), creating user defined function, arguments and parameters, default parameters,
positional parameters, function returning value(s), flow of execution, scope of a variable (global
scope, local scope)

● Exception Handling: Introduction, handling exceptions using try-except-finally blocks

● Introduction to files, types of files (Text file, Binary file, CSV file), relative and absolute paths

● Text file: opening a text file, text file open modes (r, r+, w, w+, a, a+), closing a text file, opening a
file using with clause, writing/appending data to a text file using write() and writelines(), reading
from a text file using read(), readline() and readlines(), seek and tell methods, manipulation of
data in a text file

● Binary file: basic operations on a binary file: open using file open modes (rb, rb+, wb, wb+, ab,
ab+), close a binary file, import pickle module, dump() and load() method, read, write/create,
search, append and update operations in a binary file

● CSV file: import csv module, open / close csv file, write into a csv file using
writer(),writerow(),writerows() and read from a csv file using reader()

● Data Structure: Stack, operations on stack (push & pop), implementation of stack using list.

Term 2

UNIT 2: Computer Networks

● Evolution of networking: introduction to computer networks, evolution of networking (ARPANET,
NSFNET, INTERNET)

● Data communication terminologies: concept of communication, components of data

communication (sender,receiver, message, communication media, protocols), measuring capacity
of communication media (bandwidth, data transfer rate), IP address, switching techniques (Circuit
switching, Packet switching)

● Transmission media: Wired communication media (Twisted pair cable, Co-axial cable, Fiber-optic
cable), Wireless media (Radio waves, Micro waves, Infrared waves)

● Network devices (Modem, Ethernet card, RJ45, Repeater, Hub, Switch, Router, Gateway, WIFI
card)

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● Network topologies and Network types: types of networks (PAN, LAN, MAN, WAN), networking
topologies (Bus, Star, Tree)

● Network protocol: HTTP, FTP, PPP, SMTP, TCP/IP, POP3, HTTPS, TELNET, VoIP

● Introduction to web services: WWW, Hyper Text Markup Language (HTML), Extensible Markup
Language (XML), domain names, URL, website, web browser, web servers, web hosting.

UNIT 3: Database Management

● Database concepts: introduction to database concepts and its need

● Relational data model: relation, attribute, tuple, domain, degree, cardinality, keys (candidate key,
primary key, alternate key, foreign key)

● Structured Query Language: introduction, Data Definition Language and Data Manipulation
Language, data type (char(n), varchar(n), int, float, date), constraints (not null, unique, primary
key), create database, use database, show databases, drop database, show tables, create table,
describe table, alter table (add and remove an attribute, add and remove primary key), drop table,
insert, delete, select, operators (mathematical, relational and logical), aliasing, distinct clause,
where clause, in, between, order by, meaning of null, is null, is not null, like, update command,
delete command, aggregate functions (max, min, avg, sum, count), group by, having clause, joins:
cartesian product on two tables, equi-join and natural join

● Interface of python with an SQL database: connecting SQL with Python, performing insert, update,
delete queries using cursor, display data by using connect(), cursor(), execute(), commit(),
fetchone(), fetchall(), rowcount, creating database connectivity applications, use of %s format
specifier or format() to perform queries.

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