Roof Slab
Roof Slab
Roof Slab
The materials used are concrete grade of C-25(the compressive 150mm cube strength at 28 days is
25MPa).The reinforcement to be used shall be deformed and the minimum yield strength shall be
300MPa.
Partial safety factor, c=1.5 (ordinary loading) [EBCS -2 1995 Table 3.1]
Fck=0.825=20Mpa
Fcd= =11.33Mpa[compression]
fck=1.5Mpa
Ecm=29Gpa
fck=0.8*25=20Mpa
Depth determination for deflection requirement;
Most of the time servility limit state governs for slab design and we take the depth from serveseblity
limit state and an interval depth & check for shear &flexure
If the span ratio Ly/Lx of a given beam-floor system is greater than two, it is a one way slab and If
1≤ Ly/Lx≤2 it is a two-way slab. Effective slab depth or deflection requirement can be
determined by: Check depth for deflection
Hence
D=74.1+15+1.5(4) =95mm
Pd=1.3DL+1.6LL
S1=1.3*5.453+ 1.6*1.6
=9.65KN/m
Moment distribution for each panel
Thefollowing building moment coefficient for regular panel on the side with provision for torsion at
corner. [EBCS 2, 1995 table A-1] Unbalanced MomenBalancing moment
Field moment
Mxs=7.54-5.935=1.605
For
= =1.5
Cx=0.421
Cy=0.31
=0.421*1.605=0.676
=0.31*1.605=0.497
Adjusted moment
Mxf=0.676+5.65=6.326 Myf=3.95+0.497=4.447
Chapter Five
o Analysis of 3D Frame
We define two types of material those are C-30 Concrete and S-300 Rebar with their material
Properties.
Poisson‟s ratio: 0.
These frame section has the C-25material and S-300 rebar defined in step 1.
Using the grid System Draw the structural Members with their Defined Frame Section Properties. It
includes assignment of Restraints (fixed Joint)
First, Introduce Live Load on Definition of load Pattern then Next we assigned Fi (Story shear) as a
joint load on each frame Joint. Note that We analyzed the 3D frame separately for each earthquake
coming from X and Y Direction. Finally we imposed the unfactored distributed load transferred from
slab and wall on the beam members.
Step 6: Analysis
After checking for errors we run the analysis. Finally as shown below we determined the moments
for major and minor Axis and shear Force.
Beam Design
Beams should be design in such a way that they can carry their own weight in addition to
transferring the load from slabs or roofs (in top tie beams) to the column without excessive
deflection due to moment or cracks from shear force.
Material Data
Depth determination
o Check the depth for flexure and shear or collapse limit state
o Check available effective depth with the assumed effective depth and revise if
o the available effective depth is less than the assumed effective depth
Design Solution
Sample of design of beam for Flexure
Considering the beam on Axis C on Fourth Floor:
Geometry: Cross-section
The size of each beam is given to be 450x250mm for intermediate beam and Top Tie Beam
400x500mm for Grade beam.
Bending Moment Diagram
Effective depth
Effective depth
Support moment
O
= + ′
′= + + /2
′ = 25 +8 +20 = 43
= − ′ = 450 − 43 = 407
= 407
be=1450mm
Neutral Axis
X=ρ*m*d
We have more than one maximum moments at critical section therefore we should done different
details of reinforcement with each maximum moment on finding ρ.
For the section which has negative bending moment value the section should be rectangular
and the beam width will be bw.
For the section subject to positive bending moment
=0.000763
ρ<ρmin therefore take ρmin=0.002
X=ρ*m*d =0.002*141.8*407=115.4mm
Y=0.8*X =0.8*115.4=92.3mm
Y<hf , 92.3<200mm hence the section treated as Rectangular beam of width, bw=250
In the analysis of a cross section of a beam which has to resist a small axial load, the effect
of the ultimate axial load may be ignored if the axial load doesn‟t exceed 0.1 fck times the
cross section
area. [EBCS-2, 1995 Art 4.3.1(2)]